Dynamic Braking; Usage Ratio - Hitachi L300P Series Instruction Manual

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Dynamic Braking

Dynamic Braking
Introduction
Dynamic Braking

Usage Ratio

The purpose of dynamic braking is to improve the ability of the inverter
to stop (decelerate) the motor and load. This becomes necessary when an
application has some or all of the following characteristics:
• High load inertia compared to the available motor torque
• The application requires frequent or sudden changes in speed
• System losses are not great enough to slow the motor as needed
When the inverter reduces its output frequency to decelerate the load, the
motor can temporarily become a generator. This occurs when the motor
rotation frequency is higher than the inverter output frequency. This
condition can cause the inverter DC bus voltage to rise, resulting in an
over-voltage trip. In many applications, the over-voltage condition
serves as a warning signal that we have exceeded the deceleration
capabilities of the system. L300P inverters rated 20hp (15kW) and below
have a built-in braking unit, which sends the regenerative energy from
the motor during deceleration to the optional braking resistor(s).
External braking units may also be used if higher braking torques and/or
duty cycles are required. The dynamic braking resistor serves as a load,
developing heat to stop the motor just as brakes on an automobile
develop heat during braking.
The braking resistor is the main component of a braking resistor
assembly that includes an integral thermal fuse and thermally activated
alarm relay for safety. However, be careful to avoid overheating its resis-
tor. The thermal fuse and thermal relay are safeguards for extreme condi-
tions, but the inverter can maintain braking usage in a safe zone.
The inverter controls braking via a duty
cycle method (percent of the time braking is
ON versus total time). Parameter B090 sets
the dynamic braking usage ratio. In the
graph to the right, the example shows three
uses of dynamic braking in a 100-second
period. The inverter calculates the average
percentage usage in that time (duty cycle %).
The percentage of usage is proportional to
the heat dissipated. If T% is greater than the
B090 parameter setting, the inverter enters
the Trip Mode and turns OFF the frequency
output.
Please note the following (for L300P–110LF/HF and L300P–150LF/HF).
• When B090 is set for 0%, dynamic braking is not performed.
• When the duty cycle value exceeds the limit set by B090, the inverter will trip (ending the
dynamic braking).
• The cable from the external resistor to the inverter must not exceed 5 m (16 ft.) length.
• The wires from the DB resistor to the inverter must not be bundled together with control or
signal wires.
NOTE: Inverters rated 25hp (18.5kW) and above (L300P–185LF/HF to L300P–750LF/
1320HF) do not include an internal braking unit. Parameters B090, B095, and B096 do not
apply to these models.
BRD
t1 t2
ON
OFF
100s
(
t1 +
Duty cycle
----------------------------------------- -
=
B90
100 seconds
Braking
Resistor
t3
t
)
t2 + t3 + ...
×
100