Doosan D20S-5 Operation & Maintenance Manual page 141

Fuel Specifications Fuel Specifications
General Fuel Information General Fuel Information
Use only fuel as recommended in this section. Use only fuel as recommended in this section.
Fill the fuel tank at the end of each day of operation Fill the fuel tank at the end of each day of operation
to drive out moisture laden air and to prevent to drive out moisture laden air and to prevent
condensation. Maintain a constant level near the condensation. Maintain a constant level near the
top of the day tank to avoid drawing moisture into top of the day tank to avoid drawing moisture into
the tank as the level decreases. the tank as the level decreases.
Do not fill the tank to the top. Fuel expands as it Do not fill the tank to the top. Fuel expands as it
gets warm and can overflow. gets warm and can overflow.
Do not fill the fuel filters with fuel before installing Do not fill the fuel filters with fuel before installing
them. Contaminated fuel will cause accelerated them. Contaminated fuel will cause accelerated
wear to the fuel system parts. wear to the fuel system parts.
Drain the water and sediment from main fuel Drain the water and sediment from main fuel
storage tank before it is refilled. This will help storage tank before it is refilled. This will help
prevent water and/or sediment from being pumped prevent water and/or sediment from being pumped
from the fuel storage tank into the engine fuel tank. from the fuel storage tank into the engine fuel tank.
Diesel Specifications Diesel Specifications
Fuel Types Fuel Types
DOOSAN Diesel Engines have the ability to burn a DOOSAN Diesel Engines have the ability to burn a
wide variety of fuels. These fuels are divided into wide variety of fuels. These fuels are divided into
two general groups, preferred and permissible. two general groups, preferred an
The Preferred Fuels The Preferred Fuels provide maximum engine
service life and performance. They are distillate service life and performance. They are distillate
fuels. They are commonly called diesel fuel, MDO fuels. They are commonly called diesel fuel, MDO
diesel, furnace oil, gas oil or kerosene (for cold diesel, furnace oil, gas oil or kerosene (for cold
weather operation). weather operation).
Experience has proven that distillate fuels meeting Experience has proven that distillate fuels meeting
the following basic specifications will result in the following basic specifications will result in
optimum engine performance and durability. optimum engine performance and durability.
DOOSAN strongly encourages the use of fuels that DOOSAN strongly encourages the use of fuels that
meet the Preferred Fuels specification. meet the Preferred Fuels spe
The permissible fuels are crude oils or blended The permissible fuels are crude oils or blended
fuels. Use of these fuels can result in higher fuels. Use of these fuels can result in higher
maintenance costs and reduced engine service life. maintenance costs and reduced engine service life.
NOTICE NOTICE
d permissible.
provide maximum engine
cification.
-138- -138-
Crude oil is used to describe oils/fuels that are not Crude oil is used to describe oils/fuels that are not
refined and are in the original state as when refined and are in the original state as when
pumped from the ground. Certain types of crude pumped from the ground. Certain types of crude
oils can be burned in DOOSAN Engines. oils can be burned in DOOSAN Engines.
PREFERRED DISTILLATE FUEL PREFERRED DISTILLATE FUEL
FOR DISEL ENGINES FOR DISEL ENGINES
Specifications Specifications
Aromatics (AST Aromatics (AST D1319) D1319)
Ash (ASTM Ash (ASTM D482) D482)
Cetane Number Cetane Number
(ASTM D613) (ASTM D613)
Could Point (ASTM D287)
Could Point (ASTM D287)
Gravity API Gravity API (ASTM (ASTM D287) D287)
Pour Point (ASTM D97)
Pour Point (ASTM D97)
Sulfur (ASTM D2788, Sulfur (ASTM D2788,
D3605 or D1552) D3605 or D1552)
Viscosity, Kinematic @ Viscosity, Kinematic @
38°C (10 38° C (100° 0° F) F) (ASTM (ASTM D445) D445)
Water & Sediment Water & Sediment
(ASTM D1796) (ASTM D1796)
*As delivered to fuel system
*As delivered to fuel system
Fuel Sulfur Content Fuel Sulfur Content
The percentage of sulfur in the fuel will affect the The percentage of sulfur in the fuel will affect the
engine engine oil oil recommendations. recommendations.
chemically changed during combustion to form both chemically changed during combustion to form b
sulfurous and sulfuric acid. These acids chemically sulfurous and sulfuric acid. These acids chemically
attack metal surfaces and cause corrosive wear. attack metal surfaces and cause cor
Certain additives used in lubricating oils contain Certain additives used in lubricating oils contain
alkaline alkaline compounds compounds
neutralize these acids. The measure of this reserve neutralize these acids. The measure of this reserve
alkalinity in lubricating oil is alkalinity in lubricating oil is known as its Total Base
Number (TBN). TBN is essential to neutralize the Number (TBN). TBN is essential to neutralize the
acids from combustion gases and to minimize acids from combustion gases and to minimize
corrosive wear. corrosive wear.
Any API classification performance of oil should Any API classification performance of oil should
have sufficient TBN for fuels with less than 0.5% have sufficient TBN for fuels with less than 0.5%
sulfur. For fuels with 0.5% to 1.5% sulfur by weight, sulfur. For fuels with 0.5% to 1.5% sulfur by weight,
engine oil must have a TBN of 20 times the engine oil must have a TBN of 20 times the
percentage of fuel sulfur as measured by the ASTM percentage of fuel sulfur as measured by the ASTM
(American Society of Testing Materials) D-2896 (American Society of Testing Materials) D-2896
method. (ASTM D-2896 can normally be found at method. (ASTM D-2896 can normally be found at
your local technological society, library or college). your local technological society, library or college).
Maintenance Section Maintenance Section
Requirements* Requirements*
35% Max. 35% Max.
0.02% Weight 0.02% Weight Max. Max.
35Min. for 45 max. 35Min. for 45 max.
40 Min. for DI Engines 40 Min. for DI Engines
Not Above Lowest Expected Not Above Lowest Expected
Ambient Temperature Ambient Temperature
30 Min. 30 Min. and and 45 45 Max. Max.
6°C (10°F) Below Ambient 6°C (10°F) Below Ambient
Min. Min.
0.5% Max. 0.5% Max.
(See Sulfur Topic) (See Sulfur Topic)
20.0 cSt Max. 20.0 cSt Max.
1.4 cSt Min. 1.4 cSt Min.
0.01% Max. 0.01% Max.
Fuel Fuel sulfur sulfur is is
oth
rosive wear.
that that are are formulated formulated to to
known as its Total Base