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OVMS User Manual

Renault twizy open vehicle monitoring system
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OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide
2019/05/02 RT3.9.1
OVMS
Open Vehicle Monitoring System
www.openvehicles.com
Renault Twizy v3.9.1
OVMS Hardware Module v2/v2.5
User Guide v1.10.1 (2019/05/02)
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  • Page 1 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 OVMS Open Vehicle Monitoring System www.openvehicles.com Renault Twizy v3.9.1 OVMS Hardware Module v2/v2.5 User Guide v1.10.1 (2019/05/02) 1 / 77...
  • Page 2 Lock mode, Valet mode, Homelink v1.4 2014/08/05 Auto recup, GPS log min/max power v1.5 2014/09/28 Kickdown function v1.5.1 2014/11/08 Details on motor and gear box, OVMS error codes v1.5.2 2015/04/12 GPS & battery monitor log format changes v1.6 2015/10/02 Firmware release RT3.6 v1.7 2016/01/04 Firmware release RT3.7...
  • Page 3 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 ◦ Auto BMS power adjustment extended (ATT: parameter changes!) ◦ Battery capacity estimation ◦ CFG CLEAR ◦ Ideal range calculation with temperature influence Firmware release RT3.5: • ◦ Kickdown function Firmware release RT3.4: •...

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Table of contents Welcome!..............................5 Parts needed............................6 SIM card...............................6 Firmware update / SIM installation......................7 Dry run..............................7 Car installation............................8 Configuration............................8 Twizy specific commands & capabilities.....................9 Overview of Twizy SMS commands....................9 Extended Status..........................10 Ideal range configuration.......................13 Charge attributes..........................14...

  • Page 5: Welcome

    The OVMS module is a low-cost hardware device that you install in your car simply by installing a SIM card, connecting the module to your car’s Diagnostic port connector, and positioning a cellular antenna.

  • Page 6: Parts Needed

    PICKIT 3 Compatible Programmer/Debugger • PICKIT 3 Compatible Programmer: $26.28 If you want to do OVMS development and/or debugging, a serial interface or serial to USB adapter will be needed. SIM card You'll need a standard size SIM card with a data plan. The Twizy module will normally need about 1-10 MB of data per month, depending on your driving and GPS logging.

  • Page 7: Firmware Update / Sim Installation

    See "Firmware Easy-Install" on the OVMS home page. Before closing the OVMS, insert the SIM card and make sure the switch besides the LEDs is set inwards (outwards deactivates GPRS). Dry run For advanced users: if you want to "dry run" the module on your desk before installing into your car, you just need to provide 12 V =.

  • Page 8: Car Installation

    The module will power on as soon as the data cable is connected. For a first installation, it's sufficient to simply put the complete OVMS module and both antennas into the left front case. This will normally provide enough signal quality for some first tests, may even be sufficient for productive use –...

  • Page 9: Twizy Specific Commands & Capabilities

    " to get the first GPS fix. Twizy specific commands & capabilities The OVMS framework defines a common set of commands and capabilities originating at the Tesla Roadster implementation (see Tesla guide). As the framework currently evolves to cover any kind of vehicle, the commands and capabilities now become dynamic properties of the vehicle type.

  • Page 10: Extended Status

    Battery capacity estimation in % and Ah (V3.6) • Being able to rely on a charge working as planned is crucial. If charging is interrupted, the OVMS will automatically send the extended status message by SMS and/or IP (as configured). So you'll be informed immediately if some fuse blows or someone pulls the plug.
  • Page 11 1 km difference between the range displayed in the dashboard and the OVMS outputs. This is due to the fact integer mile values do not provide enough precision to cover all possible km values. Conversion math has been tuned to minimize this error.
  • Page 12 As mentioned above, the SOC is a model based estimation of the Twizy. So it's quite normal it will sometimes be wrong. To protect the battery from over-discharging, it will normally tend to show you a SOC lower than real. There's currently nothing the OVMS can do about that. Grid energy estimation (V3.6) Prior to V3.6, the energy use was derived from the battery current.

  • Page 13: Ideal Range Configuration

    100%, so is the best choice for capacity measurements. The OVMS capacity algorithm detects the end of the CC phase by monitoring the battery voltage during charge. It scales the coulomb count measured during the CC phase from the CC phase SOC window to a theoretical full range CC phase beginning at 0%.

  • Page 14: Charge Attributes

    Charge attributes If you need to wait for a charge to get somewhere (home for example), you can let the OVMS notify you as soon as a sufficient charge level has been reached. Sufficient charge alerts can be triggered by a SOC value and/or by a range. If both triggers are set, it will use the first one reached.

  • Page 15: Charge Power Limiter (V3.8.1)

    2 kW, for example from a solar power inverter, a camping ground socket or from some mobile generator. Since V3.8.1, the OVMS can now take control of the charge power level. This is done by overriding the BMS→charger CAN bus communication, so the OVMS needs to be connected to the Twizy and CAN write access needs to be granted (feature 15).
  • Page 16 That means the charger will start to raise the power level, and will lower it again as soon as the OVMS is again in control. This leads to short peaks in the power level, they will normally not reach up to 2 kW and will be only last for a few seconds. So most fuses will not blow from these short peaks, but be aware some might.

  • Page 17: Charge Stop Control (V3.8.2)

    2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Charge stop control (V3.8.2) Since V3.8.2, the OVMS can also stop the charge process. This is done like the charge power control, i.e. by overriding the BMS→charger CAN bus communication, so the OVMS needs to be connected to the Twizy and CAN write access needs to be granted (feature 15).
  • Page 18 Now there are 14 cell voltages and 7 module temperatures on the CAN bus, plus two pack voltages. So, what the OVMS can do to detect potential problems, is to monitor all cell voltages and temperatures, and to produce an alert if it detects a critical deviation. It also collects the maximum deviations from the mean values over a usage cycle and sends these statistics on SMS request as well as to the OVMS server for further analysis and evaluation.
  • Page 19 You will also be obliged to inform any future buyer of your Twizy about this potential problem! Due to these legal problems, the OVMS will not touch the battery protection unless you explicitly request it to do so (see below). Be aware there are Twizy tuning kits available that will disable the battery protection without informing you or offering any choice about this.
  • Page 20 So you should for example at least leave the general power cutbacks for very low and very high SOC levels in effect (see next section). Strongly recommended option is to use the OVMS auto power level adjustment as a more tunable protection function. The auto power adaption for DRIVE and RECUP levels can still read the BMS power limits and apply these, while also allowing user defined power reference and minimum levels.
  • Page 21 Remember, the CAN bus is offline while the car is switched off, so temperatures and voltages are not updated while the car is off. The last values read from the bus will be kept by the OVMS. 21 / 77...
  • Page 22 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function BATT Output current alert and watch status. This will be sent -or- automatically if any alert condition changes, but not on watch BATT S conditions. Example: Volts: SD:5mV ?C1:+10mV Temps: SD:1C OK Read: Max standard deviation has been 5mV / 1°C.
  • Page 23 Normally automatically done on each switch-on, the command enables resets during charge or without turning off the car. More details and log records may be queried from the OVMS server, using historical message records of types " " and "...

  • Page 24: Power Usage Statistics

    The builtin ecometer (the four circles) is not very helpful in optimizing power usages. The power statistics of the OVMS is a first attempt (read: work in progress) to provide some more detailed information about your power usage profile. It currently is limited to text message and server records, a graphical user interface needs to be implemented in the App.
  • Page 25 The correct interpretation is current / coulombs ("A"/"Ah"), to get these divide the old "W" values by 64. Since V3.6, both values are delivered separately by the OVMS. The power and energy values are calculated from the actual battery current and voltage (power = current * voltage). The current and...
  • Page 26 Besides text notification, the function will send power usage records to the OVMS server once per minute. The history message type is " ", see "Perl client" on how to retrieve these RT-PWR-Stats from the server.
  • Page 27 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 "dist" values represent distances driven, unit is 1/10 m on speed sections and 1 m on level • sections "hsum" values are totals of height changes in meters • Speed "cnt" are in 1/10 seconds, "sum" are 1/100 kph •...
  • Page 28 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 0,4536,0, 64,80, 57.8,49.9,57.8, 21,6,22, 27,44 ... (line breaks added for readability) Note: the parking timer is not accurate – if you need more accuracy, use the timestamps. 28 / 77...

  • Page 29: Sevcon Controller Access & Configuration

    USING THIS CAN MAKE YOUR TWIZY ILLEGAL FOR PUBLIC ROADS! HIGHLY EXPERIMENTAL FEATURE! Legal disclaimer: by using the OVMS you agree to do so completely on your own risk. Being a hobbyist project, the OVMS has no means to test configuration changes on multiple vehicles or performance situations.
  • Page 30 (Configuration) will provide valuable information. You should also read through the DVT software manuals and help system. If you're in a hurry, the OVMS provides some useful macro commands for the most common basic configuration tweaks. These should need no backup as they provide "reset" commands – but you never know.
  • Page 31 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 But the gearbox is also specified at a maximum input speed of just 7000 rpm. That's the first oddity: the default config of the Twizy 80 already exceeds this, as the default max speed is at 7250 rpm. So if you're driving max speed with an unmodified Twizy, you're already outside of the manufacturer specs.
  • Page 32 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Model G4845 (Twizy 80) G4827 (Twizy 45) Peak current (2 min) 450 A 275 A Boost current (10 sec) 540 A 330 A Continous current (60 min) 180 A 110 A The Twizy motor is rated for a maximum of 13 kW mechanical output, the maximum electrical power to feed into it or get from it can be 18 kW.
  • Page 33 Of course, higher currents will also mean higher temperatures for all components, this may be an issue for hot climate conditions. All component temperatures are monitored, critical temperatures will result in power cutback, but you should keep an eye on the OVMS temperature readings when experimenting.
  • Page 34 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 the maximum current level (see below). As this exceeds the default flux map, the flux map will be extended to cover higher levels. Power map / torque curve The power map relates the available torque level to the motor speed. An AC motor will produce constant torque up to the point of maximum power, from which on the torque needs to be scaled down to maintain the power limit.
  • Page 35 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Original SPEED 90 POWER 120 100 110 70,0 60,0 50,0 40,0 30,0 20,0 10,0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 The original power map of the Twizy cuts back torque in the rpm range up to ~61 kph. It contains a nonlinearity, but one that does not look natural: if you take a look at 2700 and 3000 rpm, these do not fit into the overall curve, even if considering efficiency nonlinearity.
  • Page 36 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 SEVCON power limiter without further tweaks. Current level adjustment (V3.7) The power command will by default not change or disable the standard power/current limits. If you want to do this, you need to specify the current level as a fourth parameter (V3.7).
  • Page 37 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 The following chart combines saturation and extended flux maps: So using this extension of the flux map, the motor's rated stator current of 175 A(rms) will be reached at 206% = 113 Nm on the T80 and at 216% = 70 Nm on the T45. Max levels at 254% are 139.7 Nm on the T80 and 82.6 Nm on the T45, which both translate to ~186 A(rms), staying well...
  • Page 38 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Keep in mind, even without considering the battery limits the SEVCON will protect itself and the motor by limiting continous high currents to short periods of time (see "peak" & "boost" specification). Drive and recuperation levels & torque/speed maps Default drive level is 100% (of the available power), the main tweak here is lowering the level to increase economy / range or adapt to bad road conditions.
  • Page 39 Check the sensibility by checking how strong you need to push the pedal in order to unfasten the parking brake (same switch). Auto power level adjustment (V3.6) The OVMS can be configured to dynamically adjust both the DRIVE and RECUP levels according 39 / 77...
  • Page 40 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 to the actual BMS power limits. Of course the SEVCON will limit power levels by itself as necessary. But if it does, the effect is very harsh and abrupt, and it cuts back the power further than necessary. So by adjusting the DRIVE and RECUP levels you can avoid triggering the SEVCON limiter by keeping your power levels below the allowed limit at all SOC levels.
  • Page 41 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Background Battery power levels are electrical, while motor power configurations are mechanical. To translate between these, we need the combined power efficiency of the motor + controller + BMS. The power efficiency is nonlinear dependant on speed, load, voltage, temperature and more parameters, so we need to select a single value that fits most situations.
  • Page 42 Following an idea from the german Twizy community: if the DRIVE level is set lower than 100% (V3.6: either manually or automatically), the OVMS checks for accelerator pedal kickdown events. On kickdown, the DRIVE level will temporarily be set to 100%. After releasing the pedal for 5 seconds, the DRIVE level of the profile will be restored.
  • Page 43 "going back to normal soon", after successful restoration of the normal drive level the LED will be switched off. The kickdown threshold and compensation zero are global configurations stored in OVMS Feature slots #1 and #2. You can change the kickdown configuration directly by altering the feature values (using the App or SMS command "FEATURE").
  • Page 44 This means you can plug a T80 OVMS module into a T45 any time, and vice versa. Caveat: if you upgrade your T45 to a G4845, the OVMS will think this is a Twizy 80 – this will not work without modifications.
  • Page 45 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 All values mentioned above refer to the Twizy 80. The Twizy 45 limits are lower, see spreadsheet "Twizy-Limits" and "Twizy-SDO-List" for details. In short: – maximum battery discharge power is 10.5 kW (T80: 18 kW) –...
  • Page 46 Generally, you should have your "Plan B" ready before tweaking. If you break your OVMS in the middle of a config session, you will need some other way to login to the SEVCON and switch it...
  • Page 47 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG SPEED [max_kph] Set speed limit and warn level. Allowed value ranges: [warn_kph] max_kph: 6..138, default 80 (T45: 45) warn_kph: 6..138, default 89 (T45: 56) Both parameters can be omitted, the command will then use their defaults.
  • Page 48 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG POWER [torque%] Set maximum motor torque for starting, maximum motor power [power_low%] [power_high output levels (mechanical) for low and high speed and (V3.7) %] [current%] optionally maximum current level. Without current%: torque%: 10..130 (128), default 100...
  • Page 49 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG DRIVE [power%] Set default power usage level and optional auto power adjustment [autopower_ref] and kickdown parameters for driving. [autopower_min%] [kickdown_threshold] power%: 10..100, default 100 [kickdown_compzero] autopower_ref: 0..250, default 0/-1=off autopower_min%: 0..100, default 0/-1=none kickdown_threshold: 0..250, default 35 (= Feature #1)
  • Page 50 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG RECUP [neutral%] Set maximum recuperation power levels for neutral braking and [brake%] [autopower_ref] footbraking + optionally automatic level adjustment by BMS [autopower_min%] limit. neutral%: 0..100, default 18 (T45: 21) brake%: 0..100, default = neutral% autopower_ref: 0..250, default 0/-1=off...
  • Page 51 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG TSMAP [DNB] [t1% Change one or multiple torque scaling map(s) (power level per [@s1]] [t2%[@s2]] [t3% speed lookup tables). [@s3]] [t4%[@s4]] DNB: select the maps to change (may be any combination): D = Drive, N = Neutral braking, B = Footbraking t1%: level at 33 kph, 0..100, default D=100 N/B=100...
  • Page 52 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG RAMPS [start‰] Set rates of torque demand changes (higher means faster). [accel%] [decel%] start‰: 1..250, default 40 (T45: 30) [neutral%] [brake%] accel%: 1..100, default 25 (T45: 21) decel%: 0..100, default 20 neutral%: 0..100, default 40...
  • Page 53 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG BRAKELIGHT V3.6: command has been excluded from default firmware build due to ROM space issues. Reset brake light controls to default (disabled). CFG RESET [slot#] Reset all currently active macro settings to their default values, meant to provide a clean start for a new profile.
  • Page 54 CFG OP – or by just switching the Twizy off and on again and waiting for ~10 seconds. On switch-on, the OVMS will check if the Twizy is still in pre-operational state and will automatically switch back to operational if needed.
  • Page 55 #15 to 1+4+8 = 13. Profile management While there are three driving profiles in the SEVCON, the OVMS does not use them. This is due to two limitations: a) the SEVCON profiles only cover a subset of the parameters controllable by the OVMS (i.e.
  • Page 56 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG LOAD [slot#] Load a profile slot into the current working set. slot#: 0..3, 0=factory default config, 1..3=custom profile If you omit the slot number, the command will reload the current profile from the last save (or defaults), thus discarding any changes made to the working set.
  • Page 57 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Command Function CFG GET [slot#] V3.7: Get (download) a complete profile base64 encoded. A base64 encoded profile is a text string that contains all macro command parameters and that can be copied & transmitted easily.
  • Page 58 That's where the OVMS SimpleConsole comes in. It can look like this: OVMS SimpleConsole for immediate profile access Unfortunately this is not yet available at Fasttech.
  • Page 59 Using the OVMS App to access profiles The OVMS App currently lacks driving profile functionality. On the other hand it has a "Homelink" control for sending buttons labeled 1-3, while the Twizy has no Homelink device. So we hijack the Homelink function for switching profiles.
  • Page 60 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Example profiles Here are some profiles as examples and/or starting points for your own experiments: #1 Power #2 Eco #3 Ice POWER 130 110 120 130 115 107 SPEED 110 111 110 111...
  • Page 61 The command will first read and output the old value before trying to write the new value. ATT: the OVMS cannot store any backup values! Save/copy the old value to be able to restore it later on! CFG WRITEO index_hex Write-only CANopen SDO object (i.e.

  • Page 62: Error Codes

    – value of SDO was 5 = "operational mode" As there was no low level error, the pre-op mode switch was denied by the OVMS due to security constraints (i.e. no pre-op mode while Twizy is in normal drive mode).
  • Page 63 Note: if you switch to pre-operational mode for longer than about a second, the SEVCON will consider this an alert as well – the OVMS does not suppress this error code, so you can use this to test the alert function.
  • Page 64 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 To tell the OVMS to query a log and send the contents to the server, issue the command, QueryLog to let the OVMS reset one or all logs, send the command (see MSG/IP command section ResetLog and shell scripts for details).
  • Page 65 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 ,<BatteryVoltageMin>,<BatteryVoltageMax> ,<CapacitorVoltageMin>,<CapacitorVoltageMax> ,<MotorCurrentMin>,<MotorCurrentMax> ,<MotorSpeedMin>,<MotorSpeedMax> ,<DeviceTempMin>,<DeviceTempMax> n: 0 = Service/customer log, 1 = SEVCON log (read only) • Voltages: in 1/16 V, i.e. 917 = 57,313 V • Currents: in A • Speeds: in RPM (7250 = 80 kph) •...

  • Page 66: Lock Mode And Valet Mode Support

    OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Lock mode and Valet mode support Att: these functions need firmware CFG mode support and CAN write access. The Twizy has no native locks and valet mode, so we just implement our own ;-) There may be limited parking service use situations, but often you want to let someone do a short tour or test drive in your Twizy.
  • Page 67 / MSG cmd 21 Note: valet mode will not work if the OVMS is unplugged before reaching the trip length trigger! From the App, the PIN input will be used as the km parameter.

  • Page 68: Gps Track Logging

    2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 GPS track logging The Twizy OVMS will automatically send GPS records to the OVMS server. This is an extension to the standard location message of the framework: the records are history entries that will be kept for 24 hours, so you can retrieve a complete GPS track after your trip.

  • Page 69: Antenna Optimization

    Perl clients & shell scripts The perl clients are simple text clients for the OVMS server. They communicate with the server just the same way an App does, but are not limited by a graphical user interface. Think of it as an OVMS shell.
  • Page 70 The "rt_*logs.sh" scripts can be used to retrieve and/or reset the SEVCON event counters and logs. As these logs are not sent to the server by default, you first need to tell the OVMS module to do so by issueing:...

  • Page 71: Twizy Msg/Ip Commands

    Note: you can also reset specific logs or counters, see command description for more. Twizy MSG/IP Commands OVMS functions can generally be called via SMS or the OVMS network protocol ("MSG"). SMS are meant for humans, MSG primarily for software (Apps), but as MSG commands can be sent using the Perl client, they can also be useful for automated remote access and configuration.
  • Page 72 Internal command: send text alert on new battery alert status, normally not called by a user/client. BatteryStatus – – Request battery status update: OVMS sends current (last known) battery status by historical records RT-PWR-BattPack . These are not returned by the PWR-BattCell command call but must be retrieved separately using command code 32.
  • Page 73 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Function Code Parameters Results & Remarks which: 1 = Alerts (not resettable, do power cycle) 2 = Fault events 3 = System events 4 = Counters 5 = Min/max log 99 = all...

  • Page 74: Additional Charger Hardware Controls (V3.8.4)

    A counter measure can be to add an additional fan and switch that fan on as necessary. This can be done using the OVMS output port RB1, which is available at the expansion port on pin 18. (Note: CMOS signal level, low power, use a relay module or power transistor to actually provide power to the fan!) The OVMS monitors the charger temperature.

  • Page 75: Regenerative Brake Light Signal (V3.9.1)

    SOC >= 94% or topping off (CV phase), the additional charger is switched off. Regenerative Brake Light Signal (V3.9.1) Since version 3.9.1, the OVMS can generate a regenerative brake light signal itself, as an alternative to the SEVCON generated signal.
  • Page 76 OVMS: Renault Twizy User Guide 2019/05/02 RT3.9.1 Configuration As RAM is very tight on the V2.x, there is no option to control the acceleration smoothing. You still can configure the brake light on/off deceleration levels if the defaults don‘t fit for you, but that needs to be done on the tuning profile level by „CFG BRAKELIGHT <level_on>...

  • Page 77: Thanks To

    OVMS Twizy development by sending a donation to dexter@dexters-web.de – thank you! If you want to take part in the development in any way, please subscribe to the OVMS developers mailing list: http://lists.teslaclub.hk/mailman/listinfo/ovmsdev...

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