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Fluke DSP-4100 User Manual

Cableanalyzer dsp-4000 series
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Advanced Test Equipment Rentals
www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832)
DSP-4000 Series
CableAnalyzer
Users Manual
July 2001, Rev. 1, 5/03
© 2000-2003 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in USA.
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

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  • Page 1 ® Advanced Test Equipment Rentals www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832) DSP-4000 Series  CableAnalyzer Users Manual July 2001, Rev. 1, 5/03 © 2000-2003 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in USA. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
  • Page 2 Fluke Networks authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end- user customers only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke Networks. Warranty support is available only if product is purchased through a Fluke Networks authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable international price.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Powering the Test Tool ..................2-4 Using the Menus ....................2-4 Using the Link Interface Adapters ............... 2-5 Formatting the Memory Card (DSP-4100/4300) ..........2-6 Quick Configuration..................... 2-8 Results within Accuracy Range ................2-9 Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling ................ 2-10 Saving Test Reports .....................
  • Page 4 Editing the Report Identification ................2-36 Setting Up Cable IDs.................... 2-37 Viewing the Cable ID Configuration and Memory Status ........2-40 Storing Plot Data with Saved Autotest Results (DSP-4100/4300) ....... 2-40 Selecting a Length Unit..................2-40 Selecting a Numeric Format................. 2-41 Setting the Date and Time ..................
  • Page 5 Contents (continued) Return Loss (RL) ....................3-21 RL@REMOTE ....................3-23 PSNEXT (Power Sum NEXT) and PSNEXT@REMOTE ........3-23 PSELFEXT (Power Sum ELFEXT) ..............3-23 PSACR (Power Sum ACR) and PSACR@REMOTE ......... 3-23 Autotest on Coaxial Cabling ..................3-23 Autotest Results for Coaxial Cabling ................3-25 Characteristic Impedance ..................
  • Page 6 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling................. 4-16 Running a Single Test on Coaxial Cabling ............4-16 Single Test Results for Coaxial Cabling .............. 4-18 Monitoring Network Activity..................4-19 Identifying Hub Port Connections................4-22 Monitoring Impulse Noise................... 4-22 Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold ...............
  • Page 7 Contents (continued) Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) ..............7-19 NVP and Length Measurements ................7-20 NVP Calibration....................7-20 High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR)........... 7-20 Reflections from Opens..................7-21 Reflections from Shorts..................7-22 Reflections from Other Anomalies ..............7-22 Cable Termination....................7-23 Interpreting the HDTDR Plot................
  • Page 8 Power ........................8-21 Environmental Requirements ................8-21 Electromagnetic Compatibility................8-21 Input Ratings ......................8-22 Certification and Compliance................8-23 Test Results Memory for the DSP-4100/4300 ............. 8-23 Test Results Memory for the DSP-4000 .............. 8-24 Dimensions......................8-24 Weight ........................8-24 Display ......................... 8-24 Warranty.......................
  • Page 9 List of Tables Table Title Page 2-1. International Electrical Symbols ................. 2-1 2-2. Key Functions for the Menu System ................2-4 2-3. Quick Configuration Settings..................2-8 2-4. Main Unit Features...................... 2-19 2-5. Remote Connectors and Features ................2-22 2-6. Status Indications from the Remote ................2-43 2-7.
  • Page 10 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual viii...

  • Page 11: List Of Figures

    List of Figures Figure Title Page 1-1. Standard Accessories....................1-5 2-1. Attaching a Link Interface Adapter................2-6 2-2. Inserting and Removing the Memory card ..............2-7 2-3. The Asterisk and Test Tool Accuracy ................. 2-9 2-4. Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link ..............2-12 2-5.
  • Page 12 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 4-6. Typical Connections for Monitoring Impulse Noise ........... 4-24 5-1. Connections for Printing Test Reports ................ 5-4 6-1. Connections for Self-Calibration................. 6-2 7-1. Twisted Pair Cable Construction................. 7-2 7-2. EIA/TIA RJ45 Connections ..................7-3 7-3. Coaxial Cable Construction..................7-4 7-4.

  • Page 13: Introduction

    A guide to using this manual. Contacting Fluke Networks Visit the Fluke Networks web site at www.flukenetworks.com. Send email to support@flukenetworks.com . To order accessories or get the location of the nearest Fluke Networks distributor or service center, call: • USA: 1-888-99-FLUKE (1-888-993-5853) •...

  • Page 14: Registration

    • Model DSP-4000 stores at least 500 text-based test reports in nonvolatile memory. Model DSP-4100 stores at least 250 grapical test reports on a removable memory card. Model DSP-4300 stores at least 250 graphical test reports on a removable memory card or in internal memory.
  • Page 15 (Standard with DSP-4300; optional with other models.) • Tone generator lets you use an inductive pickup device, such as the Fluke Networks 140 A-Bug Tone Probe, to identify cables in a LAN installation. • Optional link interface adapters let you test additional types of LAN cabling.

  • Page 16: Standard Accessories

    • The following link interface adapters: ◊ With the DSP-4000 and DSP-4100: 2 DSP-LIA011 Basic Link Adapters for Cat 5E and 2 DSP-LIA012 Channel Adapters for Cat 6 ◊ With the DSP-4000PL: 2 DSP-LIA101 Permanent Link Adapters for Cat 6 and 2 DSP-LIA012 Channel Adapters for Cat 6 ◊...
  • Page 17 LinkWare Software CD DSP-4000 Calibration Module DSP-LIA012 DSP-LIA011 (2 with DSP-4000, (2 with DSP-4000 DSP-4000 Series DSP-4000PL and DSP-4100) Getting Started Guide and DSP-4100; 1 with DSP-4300) Nickel-Metal Hydride DSP-LIA013 (2) Battery Pack DSP-LIA101 (1 with DSP-4300) (2 with DSP-4000PL...

  • Page 18: Using This Manual

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Using This Manual Warning Before using the test tool, carefully read "Safety and Operational Information" at the beginning of Chapter 2. Except where noted, the information in this manual applies to all DSP-4000 Series test tools. If you are familiar with the general features, functions, and operation of LAN cable testers and want to start testing cables immediately, proceed as follows: 1.
  • Page 19 Introduction Using This Manual If you have never used a LAN cable tester and want to learn about cable testing and troubleshooting before you use the test tool, proceed as follows: 1. Read Chapter 7, “Basic Cable Testing,” to learn the basics of LAN cable characteristics, testing, and interpreting test results.
  • Page 20 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual...

  • Page 21: Getting Started

    Chapter 2 Getting Started Chapter 2 provides the following information: • Safety and cautions to observe when using the test tool. • Instructions for getting started quickly with the test tool. • Detailed information on the test tool’s features. • Detailed instructions on configuring the test tool.
  • Page 22 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Warning To avoid possible fire, electric shock, personal injury, or damage to the test tool • If this product is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection provided by the product may be impaired. •...
  • Page 23 Getting Started Read First: Safety and Operational Information Caution To avoid disrupting network operation and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results • Except when monitoring network activity, never connect the test tool to an active network. Doing so may disrupt network operation. •...

  • Page 24: Quick Start

    Test Adapters, refer to the Fiber Test Adapter users manual. Note New features may be available with software upgrades. Visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades. Powering the Test Tool Before powering the test tool or remote with the NiMH battery pack, charge the battery for about 3 hours.

  • Page 25: Using The Link Interface Adapters

    Optional link interface adapters that provide additional functions are available from your Fluke Networks dealer. Visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com for the most recent information on optional adapters. Figure 2-1 shows how to attach a link interface adapter. Self-calibration is not required when you change adapters.

  • Page 26: Formatting The Memory Card (Dsp-4100/4300)

    Figure 2-1. Attaching a Link Interface Adapter Formatting the Memory Card (DSP-4100/4300) Autotest results you save on a DSP-4100 or DSP-4300 test tool are stored on a removable memory card. One 16 MB card is included with the test tool.
  • Page 27 Getting Started Quick Start Inserting the card Removing the card Push button to eject card oy79f.eps Figure 2-2. Inserting and Removing the Memory card To see the status of the memory card, press the Memory softkey that appears on several of the Autotest displays or select Memory Card Configuration in the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode.

  • Page 28: Quick Configuration

    Store Plot Data Enable this setting to store plot data (from tests such as attenuation, (DSP-4100/4300) return loss, and NEXT) with Autotest results saved on a DSP-4100 or DSP-4300 test tool. Length Units Select meters or feet as the unit for length measurements.

  • Page 29: Results Within Accuracy Range

    Getting Started Quick Start To change any of the settings shown in Table 2-3, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2. If the setting you want to change is not on the first Setup screen, press $ Page Down to see additional Setup screens.

  • Page 30: Autotest On Twisted Pair Cabling

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling Autotest performs all of the tests necessary to determine if the cabling you are testing meets the test standards specified for your LAN installation. The following tests apply to twisted pair cabling: •...

  • Page 31: Saving Test Reports

    Getting Started Quick Start 1. Attach the appropriate link interface adapters to the main and remote units. Refer to the table in the Appendix. 2. Turn the remote’s rotary switch to ON. 3. Connect the remote to the far end of the cable link. For channel testing, connect using the network equipment patch cord.
  • Page 32 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Test equipment cord Test equipment Basic Link LIA cord Basic Link LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy68f.eps Figure 2-4. Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link 2-12...
  • Page 33 Getting Started Quick Start Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy03f.eps Figure 2-5. Typical Test Connections for a Channel 2-13...
  • Page 34 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Work Area Telecommunications closet Work Area Consolidation point (optional) Patch panel Horizontal Permanent cabling link adapter Telecommunications outlet Permanent link adapter TALK Test tool Remote oy84f.eps Figure 2-6. Typical Test Connections for a Permanent Link 2-14...

  • Page 35: Using The Talk Mode

    Getting Started Quick Start Using the Talk Mode The Talk mode allows two-way voice communication over twisted pair or fiber cable (Fiber Test Adapters are required for fiber cable). Two-way communication over twisted pair cable requires two good wire pairs. Note The Talk mode is disabled during cable tests.

  • Page 36: Autotest On Coaxial Cabling

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Coaxial Cabling The following tests are run during an Autotest on coaxial cabling: • Impedance • Resistance • Length • Anomaly detection (Results shown only if anomalies are detected.) To run an Autotest on coaxial cabling, refer to Figure 2-7 and proceed as follows: 1.
  • Page 37 Getting Started Quick Start For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER EXIT FAULT TALK INFO SAVE TEST ENTER MONITOR SINGLE SETUP Test Tool TEST AUTO PRINT TEST SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy04f.epc Figure 2-7. Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cabling 2-17...

  • Page 38: Main Unit Features

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Main Unit Features Figure 2-8 shows the features on the main unit and Table 2-4 explains their functions. DSP-4100/4300 Side Plate DSP-4000 Side Plate EXIT FAULT TALK INFO SAVE TEST ENTER MONITOR SINGLE SETUP TEST AUTO...

  • Page 39: Main Unit Features

    Getting Started Main Unit Features Table 2-4. Main Unit Features Item Feature Description Rotary Switch Selects the test tool’s modes. Starts the highlighted test or restarts the test last run. Automatically provides more specific information on the cause of an Autotest failure. Exits the current screen without saving any changes you made.
  • Page 40 Connection for the ac adapter/charger supplied with the test tool. Eject button (DSP-4100/4300) Button for ejecting the memory card. Memory card slot Slot for the memory card used for saving Autotest (DSP-4100/4300) results on a DSP-4100 or DSP-4300 test tool. 2-20...

  • Page 41: Remote Features

    Getting Started Remote Features Remote Features Figure 2-9 shows the features on the remote unit, and Table 2-5 explains their functions. PASS TESTING FAIL TALKING LOW BATTERY TALK oy06f.eps Figure 2-9. Remote Features 2-21...

  • Page 42: Remote Connectors And Features

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 2-5. Remote Connectors and Features Item Feature Description RS-232C serial port A DB9P connector for loading software updates. 2.5 mm phone jack Connection for the headset supplied with the test tool. AC adapter/ Connection for the ac adapter/charger supplied with the test charger jack tool.

  • Page 43: Link Interface Adapter Features

    Getting Started Link Interface Adapter Features Link Interface Adapter Features DSP-LIA012 DSP-LIA011 DSP-LIA101 DSP-LIA013 oy71f.ep DSP-LIA011 Shielded Cat 5E twisted pair cable with a shielded Cat 5E RJ45 cable and plug plug for testing basic link installations. DSP-LIA012 jack Shielded RJ45 jack for testing channel installations. Latch and 60-pin Latch and connector for attaching the LIA to a DSP-4000 Series connector...

  • Page 44: Permanent Link Interface Adapters (Dsp-4000Pl/4300)

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Permanent Link Interface Adapters (DSP-4000PL/4300) Caution To avoid damaging the adapter and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results, never pinch, kink, or crush the adapter’s cable. Never use the cable as a handle to pick up the DSP test tool.

  • Page 45: Changing The Personality Module (Dsp-4000Pl/4300)

    Changing the Personality Module (DSP-4000PL/4300) You can change the personality module to make the adapter compatible with a certain manufacturer’s jack. Visit the Fluke Networks website for the most recent list of available personality modules. Replace the module as follows (refer to Figure 2-12): 1.

  • Page 46: Strap And Bail

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Strap and Bail The test tool and the remote have a strap and a bail. Figure 2-13 shows how to attach the strap and open the bail. oy07f.eps Figure 2-13. Attaching the Strap and Opening the Bail Rotary Switch The following paragraphs summarize the modes you can select with the rotary switch on the main unit.

  • Page 47: Autotest

    For a list of the tests and limits associated with common standards, see the document provided on the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com. • Headroom: Reports the worst-case margin for a parameter determined by selected test standard.

  • Page 48: Single Test

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual • Attenuation: Measures the attenuation of each cable pair. • DC Resistance: Measures the loop resistance of each cable pair. • ACR: Calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk for all combinations of cable pairs. • RL (Return Loss): Measures signal loss due to signal reflections in the cabling.

  • Page 49: Monitor

    Set up the tester to automatically generate cable IDs. • On DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 test tools, you can set the test tool to save attenuation, return loss, NEXT, and FEXT plots as part of Autotest reports when those tests are required by the selected test standard.

  • Page 50: Print

    Run a self-test to verify proper operation of the test tool, link interface adapter, and remote. • On DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 test tools, you can view the status of the memory card and format the card. • View version information for the main and remote units.

  • Page 51: Turning On The Test Tool

    Getting Started Turning On the Test Tool Turning On the Test Tool To turn on the test tool, turn the rotary switch from OFF to any one of the available modes. The power-up screen, which appears for about 3 seconds, shows the software, hardware, and test standards versions for the main and remote units.

  • Page 52: Performing A Self-Test

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Performing a Self-Test The self-test verifies that the test tool, link interface adapters, and remote are operating properly. To run the self-test, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. Turn the remote on. 2.

  • Page 53: Noise Test

    Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Noise Test The test tool periodically checks for excessive electrical noise on the cabling under test. Noise sources include nearby electrical equipment and transmitters and live network transmissions on adjacent cables. If excessive noise is detected, the test tool displays Noise Detected and automatically attempts to filter the noise to meet published accuracy specifications.

  • Page 54: Adjusting The Display Contrast

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual When the backlight time-out is enabled, the backlight timer starts counting down after all tests are complete or after the last key entry or movement of the rotary switch. To restart the backlight timer while the backlight is on, press any key (except the backlight key) or turn the rotary switch to a new mode.

  • Page 55: Selecting A Test Standard And Cable Type

    Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Selecting a Test Standard and Cable Type The test standard and cable type you select determine which standards are used and which tests are run during cable testing. The test tool is equipped with information for all the common test standards and cable types.

  • Page 56: Editing The Report Identification

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Editing the Report Identification The report identification includes a custom header (your company name, for example), an operator name, and a site name. These items appear on saved Autotest reports. You can view and edit this information as follows: 1.

  • Page 57: Setting Up Cable Ids

    Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Setting Up Cable IDs The cable identification (cable ID) is the name you assign to the Autotest results you save. You can create a cable ID each time you save an Autotest, or you can use IDs generated as follows: •...
  • Page 58 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Determining a Range of Cable IDs for the Auto Sequence Function Use the following guidelines when determining a range of cable IDs to use with the auto sequence function. • Cable IDs can contain a maximum of 18 letters, numbers, and special characters (such as -, #, and spaces).
  • Page 59 Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Enabling and Configuring the Auto Sequence Function 1. Determine the range of cable names you want to use for your Autotests. (Refer to the previous section.) 2. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 3. Use D to highlight the auto increment setting; then press ! Choice. 4.

  • Page 60: Viewing The Cable Id Configuration And Memory Status

    PC and printed with LinkWare Software. The DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 can save the results of at least 250 Autotests on a 16 MB memory card when plot data is included. More results can be saved if plot data is not included.

  • Page 61: Selecting A Numeric Format

    Getting Started Configuring the Test Tool Selecting a Numeric Format The test tool displays decimal fractions with a decimal point separator (0.00) or a comma separator (0,00). To change the numeric format, proceed as follows: 1. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2.

  • Page 62: Setting The Power-Down Timer

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Setting the Power-Down Timer To extend battery life, you can set the power-down timer to automatically switch the test tool to a low-power mode after a selected period of inactivity. You can also disable the power-down timer. When the test tool switches to low-power mode, the display goes blank.

  • Page 63: Remote Lights, Messages, And Audible Tones

    Getting Started Remote Lights, Messages, and Audible Tones Remote Lights, Messages, and Audible Tones The remote indicates various states by flashing light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and emitting audible tones, as described in Table 2-6. Table 2-6. Status Indications from the Remote Status Remote Indications Power on self-test passed.

  • Page 64: Battery Status

    VOLTAGE IS TOO LOW TO OPERATE. You might need to charge the battery for a short time before the remote will operate. INTERNAL DATA STORAGE BATTERY Have the lithium battery replaced at a Fluke VOLTAGE IS LOW. Networks Service Center. 2-44...

  • Page 65: Battery Status Display

    Getting Started Battery Status Display Battery Status Display To see the charge level of the main unit’s NiMH battery, turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS; then select Battery Status. To see the charge level of the remote’s battery, connect the remote to the main unit; then use ! to toggle the display.
  • Page 66 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 2-46...

  • Page 67: Autotest

    Autotest Softkeys Note New features may be available with software upgrades. Visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com or contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on upgrades. The following softkey functions are active on various Autotest screens. ! or @ View Result: ! shows the results of the last Autotest run.
  • Page 68 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling The procedures for an Autotest on shielded and unshielded twisted pair cabling are the same. The test tool tests shield continuity if shielded cable was selected and the shield test enabled when the cable type was selected in SETUP. To run the Autotest on twisted pair cabling, refer to Figures 3-1 through 3-3 and proceed as follows: 1.

  • Page 69: Autotest On Twisted Pair Cabling

    Autotest Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Test equipment cord Test equipment Basic Link LIA cord Basic Link LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy68f.eps Figure 3-1. Typical Test Connections for a Basic Link...
  • Page 70 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy03f.eps Figure 3-2. Typical Test Connections for a Channel...
  • Page 71 Autotest Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling Work Area Telecommunications closet Work Area Consolidation point (optional) Patch panel Horizontal Permanent cabling link adapter Telecommunications outlet Permanent link adapter TALK Test tool Remote oy84f.eps Figure 3-3. Typical Test Connections for a Permanent Link...

  • Page 72: Link Performance Grade Result (Headroom)

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Link Performance Grade Result (Headroom) When an Autotest is complete, the display shows the overall result (pass or fail) and the headroom value. Headroom is the smallest difference found between the NEXT measurements and their limits. This number serves as a figure of merit that reflects the overall performance of the link.

  • Page 73: Automatic Diagnostics

    Autotest Automatic Diagnostics Automatic Diagnostics If an Autotest fails, you can press F to see more specific information on the cause of the failure. Figure 3-4 shows examples of automatic diagnostics displays for a NEXT failure and an open pin failure. The arrow in the diagram at the top of the display shows the location of the failure.

  • Page 74: Autotest Results For Twisted Pair Cabling

    Tests not applicable to the selected test standard are not run or displayed. For a list of the tests and limits associated with common test standards, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com. Wire Map Test The wire map test tests and displays the wire connections between the near and far ends of the cabling on all four pairs.
  • Page 75 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Table 3-1. Wire Map Displays (continued) Display Wire Map (only affected pairs shown) Description Condition Crossed wires A wire in the 1,2 pair is crossed with a wire in the 3,6 pair. Wiring does not form a recognizable circuit.

  • Page 76: Resistance

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Resistance The resistance test measures the dc loop resistance for each cable pair. The resistance results screen displays the resistance, limit, and pass/fail result for each cable pair. A PASS result means that the measured resistance is less than the limit.

  • Page 77: Propagation Delay And Delay Skew

    Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delays are the times taken in nanoseconds for a test pulse to travel the length of each cable pair. Delay skews are the differences in propagation delays between the shortest delay, which is displayed as 0 ns, and the delays of the other cable pairs.

  • Page 78: Attenuation (Insertion Loss)

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Attenuation (Insertion Loss) The attenuation test measures the loss of signal strength over the length of the cabling. The first attenuation results screen shows the cable pairs tested, the worst-case attenuation margin found, and a PASS or FAIL result for each pair. To see detailed results for the cable pairs, use D U to highlight a cable pair, then press @ View Result.
  • Page 79 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Pressing # View Plot produces the attenuation plot screen. Figure 3-5 describes an example of the screen. oy10c.eps The cable pair relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between frequency scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot.

  • Page 80: Next Test

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NEXT Test The NEXT test measures the crosstalk between cable pairs at the near end of the cabling. This crosstalk value is expressed as the difference in amplitude (in dB) between the test signal and the crosstalk signal. NEXT is measured from both ends of the cabling over a frequency range defined by the selected test standard.
  • Page 81 Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Pressing # View Plot produces the NEXT plot screen. Figure 3-6 describes an example of the screen. oy11c.eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot.

  • Page 82: Next@Remote

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NEXT@REMOTE The NEXT@REMOTE test and its results are identical to the NEXT test described above, except that the NEXT@REMOTE measurements are taken from the remote end of the cabling. ELFEXT Test The ELFEXT (equal level far-end crosstalk) test calculates the ratio of FEXT to attenuation for each cable pair.

  • Page 83: Items On The Elfext Results Screen

    Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Table 3-4. Items on the ELFEXT Results Screen Item Description Pairs The pairs used in calculating the ELFEXT result. The pair not listed as the Atten. Pair produced the FEXT used in the ELFEXT calculation Atten.
  • Page 84 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Pressing # View Plot produces the ELFEXT plot screen. Figure 3-7 describes an example of the screen. oy76c.eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz. Use U D to switch between scales. To switch to the next lowest or highest range, use L R to move the cursor beyond the left or right side of the plot.

  • Page 85: Acr

    Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling The ACR test calculates the ratio of attenuation to crosstalk (ACR) for each combination of cable pairs. ACR is expressed as the difference (in dB) between the measured NEXT and attenuation values. ACR is calculated using values obtained from the NEXT and attenuation tests.
  • Page 86 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Pressing # View Plot produces the ACR plot screen. Figure 3-8 describes an example of the screen. oy12c.eps The cable pairs relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz of the ACR test. Use U D to change the frequency scale. The ACR level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position.

  • Page 87: Acr@Remote

    Autotest Autotest Results for Twisted Pair Cabling ACR@REMOTE The ACR@REMOTE test is identical to the ACR test, except that the ACR values are calculated using NEXT@REMOTE values. Return Loss (RL) The RL test measures the difference between a test signal’s amplitude and the amplitude of signal reflections returned by the cabling.
  • Page 88 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Pressing # View Plot produces the RL plot screen. Figure 3-9 describes an example of the screen. oy13c.eps The cable pair relevant to the plot. Frequency range in MHz of the RL test. Use U D to change the frequency scale. The RL level, frequency, and margin at the cursor’s position.

  • Page 89: Rl@Remote

    Autotest Autotest on Coaxial Cabling RL@REMOTE The RL@REMOTE test is identical to the RL test, except that the RL values are measured from the remote end of the cabling. PSNEXT (Power Sum NEXT) and PSNEXT@REMOTE The PSNEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined NEXT from the other pairs.
  • Page 90 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER EXIT FAULT TALK INFO SAVE TEST ENTER MONITOR SINGLE SETUP Test Tool TEST AUTO PRINT TEST SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy04f.eps Figure 3-10. Autotest Connections for Coaxial Cabling 3-24...

  • Page 91: Autotest Results For Coaxial Cabling

    Autotest Autotest Results for Coaxial Cabling 1. Attach a channel link interface adapter to the main unit. 2. Turn off any PC nodes connected to the cabling you are testing. 3. If you want the Autotest to report cabling length, remove the terminator from the far end of the cabling.

  • Page 92: Resistance

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Resistance The resistance test measures the loop resistance of the cabling and the terminator. If a terminator is not connected or if the cabling is open, the resistance value is reported as OPEN. If the cabling or the terminator is shorted, the resistance value is reported as near 0 Ω.

  • Page 93: Saving Autotest Results

    The test tool stores worst-case margins and worst-case values for most frequency-dependant tests. A DSP-4100 or DSP-4300 test tool with STORE PLOT DATA enabled can store at least 250 Autotests in graphical format on a 16 MB memory card, depending on the standard used.
  • Page 94 On a DSP-4000 test tool, pressing S saves the new report with the duplicate name, but with the current date and time. The DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 test tools do not let you save reports with duplicate IDs. On any model, pressing $ Edit I.D.

  • Page 95: Saving Results With Auto Sequence Enabled

    Autotest Saving Autotest Results Saving Results with Auto Sequence Enabled The following steps assume you have already enabled the auto sequence function and entered a start ID and end ID, which define the range of cable IDs available. See “Setting Up Cable IDs” in Chapter 2 for details. 1.

  • Page 96: Saving Results With Downloaded Cable Ids (Dsp-4300)

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual If you try to save an Autotest after the last ID in the range has been used, the list of saved reports shows that no IDs are available (all are marked with a “$”). To save additional results, set up a new range of IDs in SETUP, or use the ! Edit or @ New softkey as described above to create a new ID for each additional Autotest.

  • Page 97: If Memory Is Full

    To save additional test results, you must delete one or more test reports from memory (in SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode) or, for a DSP-4100 or DSP-4300 test tool, put a new memory card in the test tool. Remove the memory card from a DSP-4300 test tool to save additional results in internal memory.

  • Page 98: The Autotest Report

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual The Autotest Report With LinkWare software you can upload reports to a PC for viewing and printing. Figures 3-12 and 3-13 show examples of reports generated with LinkWare software. You can send Autotest reports directly to a serial printer or edit the report’s identification information in the PRINT mode.
  • Page 99 Autotest The Autotest Report oy82f.bmp Figure 3-12. Autotest Report in Tabular Format 3-33...
  • Page 100 Test Standard: TIA Cat 6 Basic Link Standards Version: 4.06 Software Version: 4.06 Cable Type: UTP 100 Ohm Cat 6 NVP: 69.0% Fault Anomaly Threshold: 15% FLUKE DSP-4100 S/N: 1234567 LIA081 Shield Test: N/A FLUKE DSP-4100SR S/N: 0000001 LIA081 Wire Map...

  • Page 101: Running Individual Tests

    Chapter 4 Running Individual Tests Chapter 4 provides the following information: • Instructions for running Single Tests on twisted pair cabling. • Descriptions of the test results produced by the HDTDX analyzer and HDTDR test. • Instructions for running Single Tests on coaxial cabling. •...

  • Page 102: Scanning Function

    Press $ Continue Test to run the selected test. Note The DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 test tools are compatible only with DSP-4100SR and DSP-4300SR remote units, respectively. The DSP- 4100 and DSP-4300 remotes are not compatible with DSP-100,...

  • Page 103: Remote Requirements For Cable Tests

    Running Individual Tests When to Use a Remote Unit Table 4-1. Remote Requirements for Cable Tests Test Remote Unit Autotest Required. Wire Map Required. NEXT, Recommended for NEXT; required for NEXT@REMOTE. NEXT@REMOTE ELFEXT Required. Test available only in Autotest mode. Length Optional.

  • Page 104: Running A Single Test On Twisted Pair Cabling

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cabling To run a test as a Single Test, refer to Figure 4-1 and proceed as follows: Note For instructions on running the HDTDR test or HDTDX analyzer, see the later sections on those topics in this chapter. 1.
  • Page 105 Running Individual Tests Running a Single Test on Twisted Pair Cabling Telecommunications Work Area closet Horizontal cross-connect Transition Wall outlet outlet Horizontal cabling Patch cord Patch cord from PC from hub Channel LIA Channel LIA TALK Smart Remote Test Tool oy08f.eps Figure 4-1.

  • Page 106: The Hdtdx Analyzer

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual The HDTDX Analyzer The HDTDX (High-Definition Time Domain Crosstalk) analyzer displays the locations where crosstalk occurs on the cabling under test. The HDTDX test uses very short (2 ns) test pulses, which help the test tool resolve smaller crosstalk problems, resulting in more accurate distance-to-fault measurements and better definition of faults on plots.

  • Page 107: Hdtdx Analyzer Results

    Running Individual Tests The HDTDX Analyzer If the test tool does not detect a remote, the following message appears: NO REMOTE DETECTED. HDTDX Analyzer Results When the HDTDX analyzer test is complete, the HDTDX analyzer results screen appears. Table 4-2 describes the items on the analyzer screen. Table 4-2.

  • Page 108: Hdtdx Analyzer Plot

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual HDTDX Analyzer Plot To view a HDTDX analyzer plot for a set of cable pairs, use D U to highlight the pairs, then press # View Plot to see the plot screen for the pairs. Figure 4-2 describes an example of a HDTDX analyzer plot.

  • Page 109: The Hdtdr Test

    Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test The HDTDR Test The HDTDR (High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry) test helps you locate sources of return loss on cabling by reporting the locations of signal reflections caused by impedance anomalies. The test is run from both ends of the cabling (if the remote is used) for improved visibility of far-end anomalies.

  • Page 110: Effects Of Termination On Hdtdr Results

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 4-3. Effects of Termination on HDTDR Results Cable Type Listed Results Show the Following Plotted Results Show the Termination Following Displays the message No Remote Twisted pair All reflections are shown. Detected. Results show the two with no remote largest reflections greater than or equal...

  • Page 111: Running The Hdtdr Test On Twisted Pair Cabling

    Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test Running the HDTDR Test on Twisted Pair Cabling To run the HDTDR test on twisted pair cabling, proceed as follows: 1. Disconnect any PCs from the link you are testing. 2. Attach twisted pair link interface adapters to the main and remote units. 3.

  • Page 112: Hdtdr Results Screen

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual HDTDR Results Screen When the HDTDR test is complete, the HDTDR results screen appears. Table 4-4 describes the items on the screen. Table 4-4. Items on an HDTDR Results Screen (Twisted Pair Results) Item Description Pair The cable pair relevant to the results.
  • Page 113 Running Individual Tests The HDTDR Test oy21c.eps The cable pair relevant to the results. The peak value as reported on the results screen. The distance along the cabling under test. The 0 at the left of the scale represents the location of the main test tool.

  • Page 114: Single Test Results For Twisted Pair Cabling

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cabling The Single Test results for twisted pair cabling are identical to those displayed by an Autotest, with exceptions noted in the following paragraphs. Tests not required by the selected test standard produce a Warning result when measured values exceed the test’s limits.

  • Page 115: Impedance

    Running Individual Tests Single Test Results for Twisted Pair Cabling Impedance The impedance test and results are identical to the Autotest version. See “Impedance” in Chapter 3 for details. Attenuation (Insertion Loss) The attenuation test and results are identical to the Autotest version. See “Attenuation”...

  • Page 116: Single Tests For Coaxial Cabling

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling The Single Test mode on the rotary switch allows individual execution of the coaxial cabling tests available in the Autotest mode. The HDTDR test is also available as a Single Test for coaxial cabling. The coaxial cable tests available as Single Tests produce results displayed in the same format as displayed in the Autotest mode.
  • Page 117 Running Individual Tests Single Tests for Coaxial Cabling For Length Test, remove far-end Terminator Channel LIA BNC “T” Connector DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER EXIT FAULT TALK INFO TEST ENTER SAVE MONITOR SINGLE SETUP Test Tool TEST AUTO PRINT TEST SPECIAL FUNCTIONS oy22f.eps Figure 4-4.

  • Page 118: Single Test Results For Coaxial Cabling

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Single Test Results for Coaxial Cabling The Single Test results for coaxial cabling are identical to those displayed by an Autotest, with exceptions noted as follows. Impedance Identical to Autotest version. See “Impedance” in Chapter 3 for details. Resistance Identical to Autotest version.

  • Page 119: Monitoring Network Activity

    10BASE-T or 100BASE-TX twisted pair cabling. This feature lets you identify active cabling and provides some information on network activity. If you want to troubleshoot active networks, contact your Fluke Networks representative for information on LAN diagnostic tools.
  • Page 120 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Notes To extend battery life, use the ac adapter/charger when monitoring network traffic for extended periods. While monitoring network traffic, the test tool’s automatic power-down function is disabled. The Monitor jack does not support the Talk mode. 1.

  • Page 121: Items On The Traffic Monitor Screen

    Running Individual Tests Monitoring Network Activity Table 4-5. Items on the Traffic Monitor Screen Item Description Utilization Percentage of the network’s transmission bandwidth used over the last 1 Last 1 second. Utilization includes correct frames, collisions, and jabber. The percentage indicates the current traffic density. second Utilization The average of all the 1-second utilization percentages since the start of the...

  • Page 122: Identifying Hub Port Connections

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Identifying Hub Port Connections The hub port locator helps you determine which port a cable is connected to at a hub. The locator sends a link pulse to the hub, causing the port’s LED to blink. To identify a hub port connection, proceed as follows: 1.

  • Page 123: Changing The Impulse Noise Threshold

    Running Individual Tests Monitoring Impulse Noise Changing the Impulse Noise Threshold You can set the impulse noise threshold to a value from 10 mV to 500 mV in increments of 10 mV. The default noise threshold value is 270 mV. To change the noise threshold, proceed as follows: 1.
  • Page 124 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual RJ45 Jack Wall Outlet DSP-4000 CABLE ANALYZER Patch Panel DSP-4000 SMART REMOTE Test Tool EXIT PASS FAULT TALK TESTING INFO FAIL TEST ENTER SAVE TALKING MONITOR SINGLE SETUP TEST LOW BATTERY AUTO PRINT TEST SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Smart Remote TALK...

  • Page 125: Noise Test Results

    Running Individual Tests Monitoring Impulse Noise Noise Test Results As the noise test runs, the displayed test results are updated every second after the first 10-second sample period. Table 4-6 describes the items on the screen. Table 4-6. Items on the Noise Monitor Screen Item Description Impulse...

  • Page 126: Determining Hub Port Capabilities

    4. Use D to highlight HUB Port Capabilities; then press E. Using the Tone Generator If you have an inductive pickup device, such as a Fluke Networks 140 A-Bug Tone Probe, you can use the test tool’s tone generator to identify twisted pair and coaxial cable runs and connections.

  • Page 127: Viewing And Printing Saved Reports

    Chapter 5 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Chapter 5 provides the following information: • Instructions for viewing, deleting, and renaming test reports saved in the test tool’s memory. • Instructions for sending saved test reports to a serial printer. Viewing, Renaming, and Deleting Test Reports To view test reports, delete test reports, or rename the cable identification given on a saved report, proceed as follows: 1.

  • Page 128: Printing Test Reports

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Note for Models DSP-4100/4300 You cannot view results saved on a memory card if they were created using a different test standards version than is present in the test tool. To view these results, use LinkWare  software to upload them to a PC.

  • Page 129: Configuring The Serial Port

    The pin configuration for the cable provided and for Fluke’s 9-to 25-pin adapter is given in “Specifications” in Chapter 8. Refer to your printer’s manual for specifications on...

  • Page 130: Printing

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Printing To send a report through the test tool’s serial port directly to a serial printer, refer to Figure 5-1 and proceed as follows: Test Tool oy25f.eps Figure 5-1. Connections for Printing Test Reports 1. Remove any cables connected to the connectors at the top of the test tool. 2.
  • Page 131 Viewing and Printing Saved Reports Printing Test Reports • Selected Autotest Reports: Displays the SELECT AUTOTEST REPORTS screen where you can select the reports you want to print, as follows: 1. Use # Page Up, $ Page Down, and D U to highlight a report label.

  • Page 132: If The Printer Does Not Respond

    See the online help or “Getting Started” under Help on the LinkWare menu for details. LinkWare software is included with the tester. You may also download LinkWare software from the Fluke Networks website.

  • Page 133: Calibrating The Test Tool

    To ensure maximum accuracy of test results, perform the self-calibration every 30 days. Fluke Networks recommends factory calibration once a year to ensure that the test tool meets or exceeds the published accuracy specifications. To return a unit to Fluke Networks for calibration, call an authorized Fluke Networks Service Center for return instructions.
  • Page 134 Check the main unit, remote unit, and the calibration module for damaged connectors. If the self calibration continues to fail, send the main and remote units and the cable adapters to the nearest Fluke Networks service center. See “Service Center Repair” in Chapter 8 for details.

  • Page 135: Calibrations And Custom Test Standards

    Regular calibration helps eliminate false fail results and helps ensure that test results represent the link’s actual performance. Fluke Networks recommends that you use the DSP-PLCAL kit to calibrate your adapters after the first 40 hours of use. Thereafter, calibrate the adapters at least every 6 months.

  • Page 136: Configuring A Custom Test

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 9. When the displayed length matches the known length of the cable, press S to store the new NVP value and return to the main Special Functions menu. To exit the screen without saving the new NVP value, press e. If the message CABLE FAULT DETECTED appears, verify that the selected cable type is correct, check the cable for proper pin connections, or calibrate with a different cable.
  • Page 137 Calibrations and Custom Test Standards Configuring a Custom Test During the configuration process, you can abandon the changes you have made by pressing ! Abort. To reset a parameter back to the default value, highlight the parameter; then press @ Set to Default. To reset all of the parameters back to default values, highlight the test standard on Page 1 of the configuration screens;...
  • Page 138 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual...

  • Page 139: Basic Cabling Testing

    Chapter 7 Basic Cabling Testing Chapter 7 provides the following information: • A description of LAN cable construction • A description of channel, basic link, and permanent link configurations • Explanations of LAN cable tests • Explanations of the HDTDX and HDTDR analyzer tests and plots •...

  • Page 140: Twisted Pair Cable

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Cables are designed to perform best in specific applications. For example, power cables are designed to minimize power losses at frequencies of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. LAN cables are designed to minimize signal distortion at higher frequencies. Two types of cables are designed for use with LAN systems: twisted pair cable and coaxial cable.
  • Page 141 Basic Cabling Testing LAN Cable Construction Figure 7-2 shows the pin connections and wire colors for correct wiring to TIA 568A and 568B standards. 568A Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 7 Pin 8 Pair 3 Pair 1 Pair 4...

  • Page 142: Coaxial Cable

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Coaxial Cable Coaxial cable consists of a conductor surrounded first by an insulating material, then by a braided conductive sheath, as shown in Figure 7-3. In LAN applications, the sheath is electrically grounded and serves as a shield that protects the inner conductor from electrical noise.

  • Page 143: Basic Link Connections

    Basic Cabling Testing Basic Link Connections Basic Link Connections The cable links you test may or may not include equipment patch cables and extra transition connections in the telecommunications closet and work area. For example, cable installers are often responsible only for the permanent cabling installed between the closet and the first wall outlet in the work area.

  • Page 144: Channel Connections

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Channel Connections A channel includes the transition connectors and equipment patch cables added to a basic link segment. The channel should be tested from end to end to verify the performance of all the components. In this case, you use the equipment patch cables to connect your test tool to the channel, as shown in Figure 7-5.

  • Page 145: Permanent Link Connections

    Basic Cabling Testing Permanent Link Connections Permanent Link Connections Permanent link test connections are similar to basic link connections, except that the effects of the test equipment’s patch cables are excluded from the test results. When compared to the basic link and channel, this test configuration provides the most accurate characterization of the permanently installed section of the cabling.

  • Page 146: Attenuation (Insertion Loss)

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Attenuation (Insertion Loss) Attenuation is a decrease in signal strength over the length of a cable, as shown in Figure 7-7. Cable Signal Signal Receiver Source Loss oy30f.eps Figure 7-7. Attenuation of a Signal Attenuation is caused by a loss of electrical energy in the resistance of the cable wire and by leakage of energy through the cable’s insulating material.

  • Page 147: Noise

    Basic Cabling Testing Noise Noise Electrical noise is unwanted electrical signals that alter the shape of the signals transmitted on a LAN cabling. Figure 7-8 shows an example of how noise affects the shape of an electrical signal known as a sine wave. Signals that are severely distorted by noise can cause communication errors in a LAN.

  • Page 148: Characteristic Impedance

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual LAN cables act as antennas that can pick up noise from fluorescent lights, electric motors, electric heaters, photocopiers, refrigerators, elevators, and other electronic devices. Coaxial cable is far less susceptible to noise than twisted pair cable because it is shielded by a conductive sheath.

  • Page 149: Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities

    Basic Cabling Testing Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities Minimizing Impedance Discontinuities Characteristic impedance is usually altered slightly by cable connections and terminations. Sharp bends or kinks in LAN cable can also alter the cable’s characteristic impedance. Networks can operate with small discontinuities because the resulting signal reflections are small and are attenuated in the cable.

  • Page 150: Next

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NEXT The test tool measures NEXT (near-end crosstalk) by applying a test signal to one cable pair and measuring the amplitude of the crosstalk signals received by the other cable pairs. The NEXT value, expressed in decibels, is computed as the difference in amplitude between the test signal and the crosstalk signal measured at the same end of the cabling.
  • Page 151 Basic Cabling Testing FEXT and ELFEXT In cable, the inductive crosstalk component is very low. Most of the crosstalk is due to the capacitive component. Because the difference between the two components is nearly equal to the capacitive component, NEXT and FEXT are nearly the same in a cable.

  • Page 152: Locating Next And Elfext Problems

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems If the test tool reports a NEXT or ELFEXT failure on a cable pair, you can use the HDTDX analyzer to locate the source of the crosstalk problem. Like the HDTDR results, the HDTDX analyzer results are presented in both a list and a plot format.
  • Page 153 Basic Cabling Testing Locating NEXT and ELFEXT Problems The vertical scale represents the magnitude of the crosstalk detected. The crosstalk levels shown on the plot are adjusted to compensate for cable attenuation. Without this adjustment, the peak on the right side of the plot (farther from the test tool) would appear much smaller.

  • Page 154: Split Pairs And Next

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Split Pairs and NEXT A split pair occurs when one wire from a cable pair is twisted together with a wire from a different cable pair. Split pairs most frequently result from miswires at punchdown blocks and cable connectors. Figure 7-11 shows an example of split pair wiring.

  • Page 155: Minimizing Crosstalk

    Basic Cabling Testing Power Sum Values Minimizing Crosstalk Crosstalk problems are minimized by twisting together the two wires in each cable pair. Twisting the two wires together causes the electromagnetic fields around the wires to cancel out, leaving virtually no external field to transmit signals to nearby cable pairs.

  • Page 156: Propagation Delay And Delay Skew

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delay is the time it takes an electrical signal to travel the length of a wire. A wire pair’s delay depends on the pair’s length, twist rate, and electrical properties, such as the type of insulating material used around the copper conductors.

  • Page 157: Nominal Velocity Of Propagation (Nvp)

    Basic Cabling Testing Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP) NVP is the speed of a signal through a cable relative to the speed of light. In a vacuum, electrical signals travel at the speed of light. In a cable, signals travel slower than the speed of light.

  • Page 158: Nvp And Length Measurements

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual NVP and Length Measurements Length measurements depend directly on the NVP value entered for the selected cable type. To measure length, the test tool first measures the time it takes for a test pulse to travel the length of the cabling. The test tool then calculates cabling length by multiplying the travel time by the signal speed in the cable.

  • Page 159: Reflections From Opens

    Basic Cabling Testing High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR) Reflections from Opens An open, or break, in the cabling represents an abrupt increase in the cabling’s impedance. The impedance of an open is nearly infinite. In open cabling, a signal’s energy is not dissipated by a terminating impedance, so the signal bounces back towards the source.

  • Page 160: Reflections From Shorts

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Reflections from Shorts A short represents an abrupt decrease in the impedance between two conductors in a cable. A short is caused when the insulation surrounding a cable’s wires is damaged, allowing the wires to touch each other. The result is a near-zero impedance connection between the conductors.

  • Page 161: Cable Termination

    Basic Cabling Testing High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry (HDTDR) Cable Termination Because signal reflections can distort the shape of communication signals, the unused ends of cable segments must be terminated to prevent reflections. The terminating device is a resistor with a value equal to the cable’s characteristic impedance.
  • Page 162 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual A negative reflection percentage indicates that the polarity of the reflection is the opposite of the original signal. Negative reflections are caused by abrupt decreases in the cable’s impedance, such as those caused by mismatches in cable types or shorts on the cable.
  • Page 163 Basic Cabling Testing Figure 7-15 shows a plot of NEXT and attenuation limits, along with the resulting ACR plot. Notice that the ACR is lower where NEXT and attenuation values are near each other. 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 NEXT GOOD 30.0 GOOD 20.0...
  • Page 164 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual RL (return loss) is the difference between the power of a transmitted signal and the power of the signal reflections caused by variations in the cable’s impedance. A RL plot indicates how well a cable’s impedance matches its rated impedance over a range of frequencies.

  • Page 165: Troubleshooting Basics

    Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting Basics Troubleshooting LAN cabling installations is most often required during cabling installation or modification. When cable is handled carefully and installed correctly, it usually operates trouble-free for years. A general rule for finding cabling faults is as follows: With very few exceptions, faults occur at cabling connections.

  • Page 166: Identifying Cabling Faults

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 7-1. Identifying Cabling Faults Test Failure Likely Causes of Failure Wire map: open Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks. Faulty connections. Cables routed to the wrong location. Wires broken by stress at connections. Damaged connector.
  • Page 167 Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics Table 7-1. Identifying Cabling Faults (continued) Wire Map Display Diagnostics Display (F) Plot Wire map display showing an open on wire 1 near the main unit. oy57i.bmp oy58i.bmp Wire map display showing a split pair on pairs 3,6 and 4,5. oy59i.bmp oy60i.bmp Wire map display showing...
  • Page 168 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table 7-1. Identifying Cabling Faults (continued) Test Failure Likely Causes of Failure Wire map: short Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks. Conductive material stuck between pins at a connection. Damage to cable insulation. NEXT or ELFEXT Excessive untwisting of pairs at connection.
  • Page 169 Basic Cabling Testing Troubleshooting Basics Table 7-1. Identifying Cabling Faults (continued) Wire Map Display Diagnostics Display (F) Plot Wire map display showing short between pins 1 and 3. oy64i.bmp oy65i.bmp NEXT test fails. oy66i.bmp oy67i.bmp Impedance anomaly is detected. HDTDR plot shows an impedance anomaly caused by a 150 Ω...
  • Page 170 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 7-32...

  • Page 171: Maintenance And Specifications

    Getting Software Upgrades Keeping your test tool’s software current gives you access to new features and the latest test standards. Software upgrades are available for free on the Fluke Networks website. See the online help in LinkWare for information on installing upgrades.

  • Page 172: Cleaning And Storage

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Cleaning and Storage Clean the test tool and remote with a soft cloth dampened with water or water and a mild soap. Caution To avoid damaging the display or the case, do not use solvents or abrasive cleansers. If you are storing the test tool or remote for an extended period of time, charge the NiMH battery pack before storing.

  • Page 173: Internal Lithium Backup Battery

    Removing the main battery pack for extended periods shortens the life of the lithium battery. When the lithium battery voltage is low, have the battery replaced at a Fluke Networks Service Center. See the later section “Service Center Repair” for shipping and warranty information.

  • Page 174: Troubleshooting The Test Tool

    Note any error number displayed. Turn the unit off, then turn it on again. Stored data may be lost. If the error occurs again, contact a Fluke Networks Service Center for assistance. Symptom 5: Test tool does not operate with ac adapter/charger connected.

  • Page 175: Replacement Parts

    Replacement Parts Table 8-2 lists the replacement parts for the test tool and the remote. Other parts may be available through a Fluke Networks service center. To order replacement parts, contact Fluke Networks as described in Chapter 1. Refer to the Fiber Test Adapters users manual for replacement parts for an optional fiber test adapter.

  • Page 176: Options And Accessories

    * You may also download this software from the Fluke Networks website. Note For a list of the optional link interface adapters currently available, refer to the sheet included with your test tool. Or, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com. Options and Accessories Table 8-3 lists the options and accessories available for the test tool.
  • Page 177 Maintenance and Specifications If the Test Tool Fails Table 8-3. Options and Accessories (cont.) Description Model Number DSP-FTA410S Fiber Test Adapter (multimode LED source, 850 nm and DSP-FTA410S 1300 nm) DSP-FTA420S Fiber Test Adapter (multimode LED source, 850 nm and DSP-FTA420S 1300 nm) DSP-FTA430S Fiber Test Adapter (singlemode laser source, 1310 nm and...

  • Page 178: Specifications

    “Calibrating the Test Tool” in Chapter 6, every 30 days. Notes All specifications for tests on twisted pair cabling apply to cable with 100 Ω of characteristic impedance. Contact Fluke Networks for information on measurement performance on cabling with characteristic impedance other than 100 Ω .

  • Page 179: Compatibility With Remotes And Link Interface Adapters

    Specifications Compatibility with Remotes and Link Interface Adapters The DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 test tools are compatible only with DSP-4100SR and DSP-4300SR remote units, respectively. The DSP-4100 and DSP-4300 remotes are not compatible with DSP-100, DSP-2000, or DSP-4000 test tools. The LIAs are not compatible with DSP-100 or DSP-2000 test tools.

  • Page 180: Cable Types Tested

    Thicknet (10BASE5; adapter required) Thinnet (10BASE2) RG-58, RG-58 foam, RG-59, RG-59 foam, RG-8, RG-8A/U, and RG-62. Note For availability of additional adapters that allow testing to other performance standards, different cabling types, or fiber optic cabling, contact Fluke Networks. 8-10...

  • Page 181: Test Standards

    Ethernet with twisted pair cabling IEEE 802.5 Token Ring, 4 Mb/s or 16 Mb/s Additional test standards are available. Contact Fluke Networks for information. Fiber optic test standards are supported when using the optional Fiber Test Adapters. See those products’ manuals for more information.

  • Page 182: Length

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Length Twisted Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Range 0 ft to 328 ft 328 ft to 2500 ft 0 ft to 328 ft 328 ft to 4000 ft (0 m - 100 m) (100 m - 762 m) (0 -100 m) (100 m - 1219 m) Resolution...

  • Page 183: Measurement Accuracy As Specified In Relevant Standards

    Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Measurement Accuracy as Specified in Relevant Standards Accuracies computed from the parameters in Table 8-4 are shown in Figures 8-2 through 8-7. Table 8-4. Performance Parameters Test Tool with Test Tool with Baseline DSP-LIA101 Permanent Category 6/Class E Parameter Test Tool Link Adapter...
  • Page 184 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Notes for Table 8-4 1. Verification of dynamic accuracy is required up to the specified range for NEXT loss and FEXT loss. 2. The dynamic accuracy is based on dynamic accuracy performance for insertion loss (attenuation) and NEXT loss, and is assumed to combine the dynamic accuracy for ELFEXT as specified.
  • Page 185 Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Channel Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Baseline Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link Typical Accuracy and Baseline Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Frequency (MHz) oy88.eps Figure 8-2. Attenuation (Insertion Loss) Measurement Accuracy for Channel Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link...
  • Page 186 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Channel Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Baseline Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link Typical Accuracy and Baseline Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Frequency (MHz) oy93.eps Figure 8-4. PSNEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link...
  • Page 187 Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Channel Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Channel Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Baseline Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2) Permanent Link Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Baseline Typical Accuracy (DSP-4x00) Frequency (MHz) oy91.eps Figure 8-6. PSELFEXT Measurement Accuracy for Channel Permanent Link Level III Accuracy (TIA-568-B.2)

  • Page 188: Hdtdr  Specifications For Cables <100 M (328 Ft)

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual HDTDX  Analyzer Specifications for Cables <100 m (328 ft) The following performance is typical for cables less than 100 m (328 ft): Distance accuracy: ±(1 ft (0.3 m) + 2 % distance) Distance resolution: 1 ft or 0.1 m HDTDR ...

  • Page 189: Lan Traffic Monitoring

    Hub port locator blinks the link LED on a 10BASE-T, 10/100BASE-TX, or 100BASE-TX hub. Tone Generator Generates a tone that can be detected by a tone probe, such as the Fluke Networks 140 A-Bug Tone Probe. The 2 kHz tone is generated on pair 1,2. Serial Interface...

  • Page 190: Pc Interface Cable

    Data Terminal Ready (always true) -----> Signal Ground <----> Not connected Request To Send (used only with hardware flow -----> control) Clear To Send <----- Not connected Table 8-6. 9-to 25-pin Adapter (available from Fluke Networks) 9-pin 25-pin Connector Connector Shell Shell 8-20...

  • Page 191: Power

    Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Power Main unit and remote: NiMH battery pack, 7.2 V, 3500 mAh Typical NiMH battery life: 8 to 10 hours Charge time: 4 hours AC adapter/charger, USA version: Linear power supply; 108 V ac to 132 V ac input;...

  • Page 192: Input Ratings

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual 100 120 Temperature (deg F) Temperature (deg C) = Storage (-20˚ C to 60˚ C) = Normal Operation (0˚ C to 45˚ C) oy40f.eps Figure 8-8. Operating Environment Specifications Input Ratings A DSP-4000 Series test tool and remote are designed to measure unpowered cables.

  • Page 193: Certification And Compliance

    Examples include household, office, and laboratory appliances. Test Results Memory for the DSP-4100/4300 The 16 MB multimedia card stores the results of at least 250 Autotests with plot data included. More results can be stored if plot data is not included. The exact number of Autotests you can store depends on the number of tests run by the selected test standard.

  • Page 194: Test Results Memory For The Dsp-4000

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Test Results Memory for the DSP-4000 512 KB nonvolatile RAM stores results from at least 500 Autotests. More storage may be available depending on the number of tests run by the selected test standard. LinkWare software lets you upload Autotest results to a PC. 1 MB Flash EPROM allows firmware and test standard updates.

  • Page 195: Tests Supported By Lias

    Appendices Appendix Title Page Tests Supported by LIAs...............A-1 Glossary ....................B-1...
  • Page 197 Appendix A Tests Supported by LIAs Table A-1 shows the test standards supported by the standard link interface adapters. For a list of the optional link interface adapters available, visit the Fluke Networks website at www.flukenetworks.com.

  • Page 198: A-1. Tests Supported By Standard Link Interface Adapters

    DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Table A-1. Tests Supported by Standard Link Interface Adapters DSP-LIA012 and DSP-LIA011 DSP-LIA013 DSP-LIA101 Standard or Test Basic Link Channel Permanent Link TIA Cat 3, 5, and 5E Basic and Permanent Link TIA Cat 3, 5, 5E, and 6 Channel TIA Cat 6 Permanent Link Class E Permanent Link TIA TSB-75 MUTO Link...
  • Page 199 Appendix B Glossary 10BASE2 An IEEE Standard for Thin Coax Ethernet networks: 10 Mb/s transmission, baseband signaling, 185 meters per coax segment. Also known as Thinlan, Thinnet, or Cheapernet. 10BASE-T An IEEE Standard for unshielded twisted pair Ethernet networks: 10 Mb/s transmission, baseband signaling, unshielded twisted pair cable.
  • Page 200 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Anomaly A location on network cabling where the cabling’s impedance changes abruptly. Attenuation (Insertion Loss) A reduction in the strength of a signal. Attenuation is usually expressed in decibels. Auto-Negotiation The ability of a network device to determine the capabilities of a far end device, then select settings for optimal communication.
  • Page 201 Glossary Baud Rate Baud Rate A measure of data transmission speed. Baud rate is the number of times per second that a signal changes states. If only one bit is encoded in each signal change, baud rate is the same as bits per second. If more than one bit is encoded in each change, the baud rate is lower than the bits per second rate.
  • Page 202 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Category 3 A cabling standard for UTP voice-grade cable specified be the EIA/TIA 568 standard for use at speeds up to 10 Mbps. Category 4 A cabling standard specified by EIA/TIA 568 for use at speeds up to 20 Mbps. Category 5 A cabling standard specified by EIA/TIA 568 for use at speeds up to 100 Mbps.
  • Page 203 Glossary Crossed Pair Crossed Pair A wiring error in twisted pair cabling where a pair on one end of the cable is wired to a different pair in the connector on the other end of the cable. Crosstalk Unwanted signal transfer between adjacent cable pairs. Crosstalk occurs because electrical signals passing through a cable pair create an electromagnetic field that transmits the signal to nearby pairs.
  • Page 204 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Equal Level Far End Crosstalk (ELFEXT) The difference between the FEXT and the attenuation of the disturbed wire pair (in dB). Good cabling performance corresponds to high ELFEXT values, which result when FEXT is much higher than attenuation. Ethernet A local area network protocol using Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD).
  • Page 205 Glossary HDTDX HDTDX  High-definition time domain crosstalk. The HDTDX analyzer locates sources of NEXT along cabling. This measurement technique is patented by Fluke Networks. Horizontal Cabling The cabling between a telecommunications outlet and a horizontal cross-connect. Horizontal Cross-Connect A group of connectors, such as a patch panel or punch-down block, that allows equipment to be cross-connected with patch cords or jumpers.
  • Page 206 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Level I, Level II, Level IIE, and Level III Accuracy Levels of performance requirements for field testing of installed, unshielded twisted pair cable links. Level I is acceptable for testing channels. Level II has tighter limits and is preferred for testing basic links.
  • Page 207 Glossary Plenum Cable Plenum Cable Cable certified for installation in air ducts and open spaces over suspended ceilings without conduit. Plenum cable is fire resistant and does not emit toxic fumes when burned. Propagation Delay The time required for an electrical signal to travel the length of a cable. PSELFEXT Power sum ELFEXT.
  • Page 208 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual Runt Packet An Ethernet data packet that is shorter than the valid minimum packet length of 64 bytes. Runt packets are usually caused by a collision. Shielded Screened Twisted Pair (SsTP) Twisted pair cable in which each pair is wrapped in a metallic sheath, and the entire bundle is wrapped by an overall shield.
  • Page 209 Glossary Star Topology Star Topology A network design in which each node is connected to a central hub. Terminator A resistor connected to the end of a coaxial cable. The terminator, which is intended to match the characteristic impedance of the cable, eliminates signal reflections by dissipating signals in the cable.
  • Page 210 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual B-12...
  • Page 211 Index results screen items, 3-12 test for twisted pair, 3-12 —$— Audible tones, enabling/disabling, 2-42 $ (auto sequence), 2-38 Auto increment, 2-37 $ (edit report identification), 2-36 status, 2-40 Auto sequence, 2-38 —3— saving Autotests, 3-29 3 dB rule, 3-21 status, 2-40 Automatic diagnostics, 3-7 display examples, 7-27...
  • Page 212 2-40 Fault info. See Automatic diagnostics selecting downloaded list, 2-39 Cable type Fault Info key, 3-7 selecting, 2-35 Fluke Networks, contacting, 1-1 selecting, quick start, 2-8 Frequency, 350 MHz, 2-35 Calibration Front panel factory, 6-1 main unit, 2-19...
  • Page 213 Index (continued) interpreting the plot, 7-14 selecting, quick start, 2-8 results screen items, 4-7 Link. See Basic link running the analyzer, 4-6 Link interface adapter Headroom, 3-6 basic use, 2-5 Hub port capabilities, 4-26 features, 2-23 Hub port locator, 4-22 status, 2-6 tests supported by adapters, A-2 Link performance grade, 3-6...
  • Page 214 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual monitoring impulse noise, 4-22 —Q— Noise test, 2-33 Quick configuration, 2-8 Numeric format selecting, 2-41 —R— selecting, quick start, 2-8 Reflection causes of reflections, 7-20 determining cable NVP, 6-3 length test result message, 3-26 explanation of NVP, 7-19 Registration, 1-2 Remote —O—...
  • Page 215 Index (continued) Self test selecting, quick start, 2-8 failure, 8-3 Time, 2-41 how to run, 2-32 Tone generator, 4-26 Self-calibration, 6-1 Top level pass* indication, 2-9 Serial port Traffic monitor, 4-19 cable for printer interface, 5-3 Troubleshooting configuring for printing, 5-3 finding cabling faults, 7-27 connection for printing, 5-4 troubleshooting the test tool, 8-3...
  • Page 216 DSP-4000 Series Users Manual...

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