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1.4.
DEFINITIONS
4:2:2
The sampling ratio used in the HDTV digital video signal. For every 4 samples of luminance
there are 2 samples each of R-Y (Red minus Luminance) and B-Y (Blue minus luminance).
16x9
A wide screen television format such as HDTV in which the aspect ratio of the screen is 16
units wide by 9 high as opposed to the 4x3 of normal TV.
AES/EBU: (Sometimes abbreviated as AES) Refers to the digital audio standard (AES3-1992) set by
the Audio Engineering Society and European Broadcast Union and used by most forms of
digital audio from CDs to professional digital video.
Aspect Ratio: The ratio of width to height in a picture. Theatre screens generally have an aspect ratio
of 1.85 to 1, widescreen TV (16x9) is 1.77 to 1, and normal TV (4x3) is 1.33 to 1.
CCIR (International Radio Consultative Committee):
organisation is now known as ITU.)
CCIR-601: See ITU-R601.
Cliff effect:
(also referred to as the 'digital cliff') This is a phenomenon found in digital video systems
that describes the sudden deterioration of picture quality when due to excessive bit errors,
often caused by excessive cable lengths. The digital signal will be perfect even though one
of its signal parameters is approaching or passing the specified limits. At a given moment
however, the parameter will reach a point where the data can no longer be interpreted
correctly, and the picture will be totally unrecognisable.
Component analog: The non-encoded output of a camera, video tape recorder, etc., consisting of the
three primary colour signals: red, green, and blue (RGB) that together convey all necessary
picture information. In some component video formats these three components have been
translated into a luminance signal and two colour difference signals, for example Y, B-Y, R-
Y.
Component digital: A digital representation of a component analog signal set, most often Y, B-Y, R-
Y. The encoding parameters are specified by ITU-R709 for HDTV signals. SMPTE 274M
and SMPTE 296M specify the parallel interface.
Composite analog: An encoded video signal such as NTSC or PAL video that includes horizontal
and vertical synchronising information.
Composite digital:
A digitally encoded video signal, such as NTSC or PAL video that includes
horizontal and vertical synchronising information.
D1:
A component digital video recording format that uses data conforming to the ITU-R601
standard. Records on 19 mm magnetic tape. (Often used incorrectly to refer to component
digital video.)
D2:
A composite digital video recording format that uses data conforming to SMPTE 244M.
Records on 19 mm magnetic tape. (Often used incorrectly to refer to composite digital
video.)
OVERVIEW
HD9625DSK Instruction Manual
An international standards committee. (This
Revision 2.1.2
Page 1-3
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