Related Manuals for Camille Bauer PQ3K
Summary of Contents for Camille Bauer PQ3K
- Page 1 Device handbook PQ3K / PQ5K Operating Instructions PQ3K / PQ5K (2019-06) Dranetz Headquarters 1000 New Durham Road Edison, New Jersey 08817 USA (800) 372-6832 (US & Canada) +1-732-287-3680 (International) Dranetz.com...
- Page 2 Legal information Warning notices In this document warning notices are used, which you have to observe to ensure personal safety and to prevent damage to property. Depending on the degree of danger the following symbols are used: If the warning notice is not followed death or severe personal injury will result.
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Page 3: Table Of Contents
3. Device overview ............................. 6 3.1 Brief description ........................6 3.2 Available measurement data ....................6 4. Mechanical mounting ............................ 7 4.1 PQ3K ............................7 4.2 PQ5K ............................8 5. Electrical connections ........................... 9 5.1 General safety notes ......................9 5.2 Terminal assignments of the I/O extensions .............. - Page 4 7.8.2 Events ................................60 7.8.3 PQ events............................... 61 7.8.4 PQ statistic..............................63 7.8.5 Micro SD card (PQ3K only).......................... 67 7.9 Data export of PQDIF files ....................68 7.9.1 Provision of PQ data............................68 7.9.2 Accessing PQDIF files ..........................69 7.9.3 Evaluation of the PQDIF files ........................
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Page 5: Introduction
Service and maintenance personnel Planners Scope This handbook is valid for all hardware versions of the PQ3K / PQ5K. Some of the functions described in this document are available only if the necessary optional components are included in the device. Required knowledge A general knowledge in the field of electrical engineering is required. -
Page 6: Safety Notes
A full parameterization of all functions of the device is possible directly at the device or via web browser. The PQ3K/PQ5K fulfills all requirements of a class A device in accordance with the power quality standard IEC 61000-4-30 Ed.3. -
Page 7: Mechanical Mounting
This may be done by providing an enclosure (e.g. case, cabinet) or using a room accessible to qualified personal only and compliant with local fire safety standards. 4.1 PQ3K ► The PQ3K is designed for panel mounting Dimensional drawing PQ3K: See section 10... -
Page 8: Pq5K
Demounting of the device The demounting of the device may be performed only if all connected wires are out of service. Remove all plug-in terminals and all connections of the current and voltage inputs. Pay attention to the fact, that current transformers must be shortened before removing the current connections to the device. -
Page 9: Electrical Connections
The national provisions have to be observed in the installation and material selection of electric lines, e.g. in Germany VDE 0100 “Erection of power installations with nominal voltages up to 1000 V“! Nameplate of a PQ3K with Ethernet interface ... -
Page 10: Terminal Assignments Of The I/O Extensions
Caution! General hazard point. Read the operating instructions. General symbol: Power supply General symbol: Input General symbol: Output CAT III Measurement category CAT III 5.2 Terminal assignments of the I/O extensions 5.2.1 PQ3K Function Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 1.1: 51,52,53 2.1: 61,62,63 2 relay outputs 1.2: 55,56,57... -
Page 11: Pq5K
5.2.2 PQ5K Function Option 1 Option 2 1.1: X1.1 / X1.2 / X1.3 2.1: X3.1 / X3.2 / X3.3 2 relay outputs 1.2: X2.1 / X2.2 / X2.3 2.2: X4.1 / X4.2 / X4.3 1.1: X2.2(+) / X2. 3(-) 2.1: X4.2(+) / X4.3 (-) 2 analog outputs 1.2: X2.1(+) / X2. -
Page 12: Inputs
You may have to remove first the plug-in terminals to get access to the screw terminals of the current inputs. 5.4 Inputs All voltage measurement inputs must originate at circuit breakers or fuses rated 5 Amps or less. This does not apply to the neutral connector. You have to provide a method for manually removing power from the device, such as a clearly labeled circuit breaker or a fused disconnect switch in accordance with IEC 60947-2 or IEC 60947-3. - Page 13 Single-phase AC mains Direct connection If current I or voltage U does not need to be measured, connection of IN and PE can be omitted. Maximum permissible rated voltage (UL listed) 300V to ground! With current transformer If current I does not need to be measured, the corresponding transformer can be omitted.
- Page 14 Three wire system, balanced load, current measurement via L1 Direct connection Maximum permissible rated voltage 300V to ground (520V ph-ph)! (UL listed) With current transformer (UL listed) With current and voltage transformers (UL listed) In case of current measurement via L2 or L3 connect the device according to the following table: Terminals I2(k)
- Page 15 Three wire system, unbalanced load Direct connection Maximum permissible rated voltage 300V to ground (520V ph-ph)! (UL listed) With current transformers (UL listed) With current and 3 single-pole isolated voltage transformers (UL listed) P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000 15/102...
- Page 16 Three wire system, unbalanced load, Aron connection Direct connection Maximum permissible rated voltage 300V to ground (520V ph-ph)! (UL listed) With current transformers (UL listed) With current and 3 single-pole isolated voltage transformers (UL listed) P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000 16/102...
- Page 17 Four wire system, unbalanced load Direct connection If current I or voltage U does not need to be measured, connection of IN and PE can be omitted. Maximum permissible rated voltage (UL listed) 300V to ground (520V ph-ph)! With current transformer If voltage U does not need to be measured, connection of PE can be omitted.
- Page 18 Split-phase ("two phase system"), unbalanced load Direct connection Maximum permissible rated voltage 300V to ground (600V ph-ph)! (UL listed) With current transformers (UL listed) With current and voltage transformer In systems without a primary neutral conductor a voltage transformer with a secondary center tap can also be used.
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Page 19: Power Supply
5.6 Relays When the device is switched off the relay contacts are de-energized, but dangerous voltages may be present. Relays are available for device versions with corresponding I/O extensions only. PQ3K PQ5K Option y 5.7 Digital inputs The device provides a standard passive digital input. In addition, depending on the device version, there may be 4-channel passive or active digital input modules available. -
Page 20: Digital Outputs
Open circuit voltage Short circuit current < 15 mA =800Ω ≥ 2 mA Current at R PQ3K PQ5K Option y Example with meter pulse and status inputs 5.8 Digital outputs The device has two standard digital outputs for which an external 12 / 24 VDC power supply is required. -
Page 21: Analog Outputs
0.01 mA Voltage drop < 3 V 5.9 Analog outputs Analog outputs are available for devices with corresponding I/O extensions only. See nameplate. Analog outputs may be remote controlled. PQ3K PQ5K Option y P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000 21/102... -
Page 22: Fault Current Detection
Use only transformers intended for this application, according to our current transformer catalog, or transformers that fulfill the above specification. Using transformers with divergent specifications may damage the measurement inputs. Connection PQ3K PQ5K Option y The current transformers including the conductor isolation must guarantee in total a reinforced or double insulation between the mains circuit connected on the primary side and the measuring inputs of the device. - Page 23 Example: Fault current monitoring in a TNS system Hints (1) If the current transformers for the fault current detection needs to be grounded on the secondary side this has to be done via the COM connector. (2) Note that all conductors have to pass through the opening of the residual current transformer in the same direction.
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Page 24: Temperature Inputs
Temperature monitoring with PTC sensors Monitoring the PTC response temperature Short circuit monitoring Serial connection of up to 6 single sensors or up to 2 triplet sensors Connection PQ3K PQ5K Option y P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000... -
Page 25: Modbus Interface Rs485
5.12 Modbus interface RS485 Via the optional Modbus interface measurement data may be provided for a superior system. However, the Modbus interface cannot be used for device parameterization. Rt: Termination resistors: 120 Ω each 1) One ground connection only. Rs: Bus supply resistors, 390 Ω... -
Page 26: Gps Time Synchronization
5.14 GPS time synchronization The optional GPS connection module serves for connecting a GPS receiver as a very accurate time synchronization source for the measurement device. The GPS receiver, available as an accessory, is used as outdoor antenna to process data from multiple GPS satellites simultaneously. GPS receiver Only use the receiver Garmin GPS 16x-LVS (article no. - Page 27 Connecting the GPS receiver Never connect the RJ45 socket of the connecting cable directly to a network device such as a router or switch. These devices could be damaged. The GPS receiver is plugged directly into the GPS connection module. The connection cable has a length of 5 m.
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Page 28: Commissioning
6. Commissioning Before commissioning you have to check if the connection data of the device match the data of the plant (see nameplate). If so, you can start to put the device into operation by switching on the power supply and the measurement inputs. -
Page 29: Parametrization Of The Device Functionality
6.1 Parametrization of the device functionality A full parameterization of all functions of the device is possible directly at the device or via web browser. See: Configuration (7.5) 6.2 Operating LED (PQ5K only) The operating LED shows the present device state. Procedure LED display ... - Page 30 b) Phasor verification: The phasor diagram shows a technical visualization of the current and voltage phasors, using a counter-clockwise rotation, independent of the real sense of rotation. The diagram is always built basing on the voltage of the reference channel (direction 3 o’clock) Correct installation (expectation) ...
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Page 31: Ethernet Installation
6.4 Ethernet installation 6.4.1 Settings Before devices can be connected to an existing Ethernet network, you have to ensure that they will not disturb the normal network service. The rule is: None of the devices to connect is allowed to have the same IP address than another device already installed The device can be equipped with multiple Ethernet interfaces whose network settings can be configured independently. - Page 32 For a direct communication between device and PC both devices need to be in the same network when the subnet mask is applied: Example 1 decimal binary 192.168. 1.101 11000000 10101000 00000001 01100101 IP address 11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000 255.255.255.224 Subnet mask xxxxx variable range...
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Page 33: Connection Of The Standard Interface
10/100 MBit/s, full / half duplex, Auto-negotiation Protocols: http, https, Modbus/TCP, NTP Functionality of the LED's PQ3K PQ5K LED left: Switched on as soon as a network connection exists (link) LED right: Flashes during communication with the device (activity) -
Page 34: Connection Of The Iec61850 Interface
Mode: 10/100 MBit/s, full / half duplex, auto-negotiation Protocols: IEC61850, NTP Functionality of the LED's PQ3K PQ5K LED green: On if a network connection (link) exists, flashes during communication 6.4.4 Connection of the PROFINET interface The RJ45 sockets X1 and X2 serve for direct connecting Ethernet cables. Both ports are equivalent and internally connected via a switch. -
Page 35: Mac Addresses
For uniquely identifying Ethernet connections in a network, a unique MAC address is assigned to each connection. Compared to the IP address, which may be modified by the user at any time, the MAC address is static. Standard Ethernet interface PQ3K PQ5K IEC61850 Ethernet interface PQ3K... -
Page 36: Resetting The Communication Settings Of The Pq5K
The features of the IEC61850 interface are described in a separate document: >> IEC61850 interface SINEAX AMx000/DM5000, PQx000, CENTRAX CUx000 This document is available via: >> http://www.camillebauer.com/PQ3K-en http://www.camillebauer.com/PQ5K-en 6.6 PROFINET IO interface The PROFINET interface provides a cyclical process image, which can be freely assembled by the user. -
Page 37: Parameterization Of The Device
& drop. There are three models available that represent the different designs of the whole device series. The selection shown above is for example suited for the devices AM2000, AM300 and PQ3K, which have the same design (panel 144x144mm) and support the same measured values. P10 Rev A... - Page 38 Further steps during parameterization are: Assigning a unique device name via DCP protocol Assigning an IP address to the device, normally an automatic procedure Assembly of the cyclical process image (see below), maximum of 62 measurements Integration in the topology of the complete system Because these steps are device independent and do rely on the used tool only, further details are not given here.
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Page 39: Validity Of Measurements
This description can be downloaded via one of the following sources: Homepage: http://www.camillebauer.com/PQ3K-en http://www.camillebauer.com/PQ5K-en USB stick with software and documentation, no.156‘027 (optional) If invalid measurements are used in the process image, their values are always zero. -
Page 40: Simulation Of Analog / Digital Outputs
6.7 Simulation of analog / digital outputs To check if subsequent circuits will work properly with output values provided by the device, using the service menu Simulation all analog or digital / relay outputs may be simulated. This is done by either entering analog output values or selecting discrete states for the digital outputs / relays. -
Page 41: Secure Communication Using Https
Before HTTPS communication can be used a root certificate needs to be installed. The user can either use a Camille Bauer certificate or its own customer certificate. This may be selected when activating https communication via the Settings of the Security system in the item Web Security. -
Page 42: Whitelisting Clients
Agree to install the certificate when the below security warning appears: Customer certificate Upload your certificate and private key via the Settings of the Security system in the item Web Security. 6.8.3 Whitelisting clients It is possible to define an IP address list of up to 10 clients allowed to have access to the device. -
Page 43: Operating The Device
For the PQ3K the valid functionality of the keys is then shown in a help bar. 7.2 Selecting the information to display PQ3K PQ5K For devices with display, information selection is performed via menu. -
Page 44: Measurement Displays And Used Symbols
7.3 Measurement displays and used symbols For displaying measurement information, the device uses both numerical and numerical-graphical measurement displays. Examples Measurement information 2 measured quantities 4 measured quantities 2x4 measured quantities 2x4 measured quantities with min/max Graphical measurement display Further examples P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000 44/102... - Page 45 (H1) Fundamental component only I, II, III, ø Quadrants Average (of RMS values) Examples PQ3K: Meters with tariff and quadrant PQ5K: User mean values, trend PQ5K: User mean values, last value information P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000 45/102...
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Page 46: Resetting Measurement Data
7.4 Resetting measurement data Minimum and maximum may be reset during operation. The reset may be performed in groups using the service menu. Group Values to be reset Min/max values of voltages, currents and frequency Min/max values of Power quantities (P,Q,Q(H1),D,S); min. load factors Min/max values of power mean-values, bimetal slave pointers and free selectable mean-values Maximum values of harmonic analysis: THD U/I, TDD I, individual harmonics U/I All imbalance maximum values of voltage and current... - Page 47 Meters | Meter logger: Selection of the reading interval Limit values: Selection of up to 12 quantities to monitor, limit values for ON/OFF Digital inputs: Debounce time (minimum pulse width), pulse rate and polarity of the digital inputs ...
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Page 48: Configuration Via Web Browser
7.5.2 Configuration via web browser It’s recommended to use either Google Chrome or Firefox as browser. Internet Explorer works with limitations only (partly missing texts, firmware updates not possible) For configuration via web browser use the device homepage via http://<ip_addr>. The default IP address of the device is 192.168.1.101. - Page 49 Loading / saving configuration files The user can save the present device configuration on a storage media and reload it from there. The storage or load procedure varies depending on the used browser. Loading a configuration file from a storage media The configuration data of the selected file will be directly loaded into the device.
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Page 50: Pq Monitoring
7.6 PQ monitoring Power quality monitoring provides both a statistical evaluation, allowing an assessment of compliance with standards (e.g. EN 50160) or supply contracts, as well as records of events in the grid (e.g. power voltage dips). This facilitates the analysis of causes and effects. Conformity reports may also be created directly via the website of the device. -
Page 51: Pq Statistic
7.6.2 PQ statistic Power quality (PQ) is assessed by a comparison between the PQ parameters measured by the device and the limits of a contract agreed upon. The assessment period is usually at least one week to consider possible variations between weekdays and weekends. Via its website the device can perform an assessment of the measured PQ parameters in accordance with the following standards: ... -
Page 52: Alarming
7.7 Alarming The device supports an alarming concept independent of power quality events. Depending on the user requirements, simple or more advanced monitoring tasks may be realized. The most important objects are limit values on base quantities, the monitoring of fault-current, monitoring functions and the summary alarm. -
Page 53: Monitoring Fault-Currents
7.7.2 Monitoring fault-currents Each (optional) fault current module provides two channels for monitoring residual or fault current. For each of the channels an alarm and a pre-warning limit can be defined, which can be used as follows: … Activating a summary alarm when the alarm limit is violated, or a breakage occurs (2mA input only) …... -
Page 54: Temperature Monitoring
7.7.3 Temperature monitoring Each (optional) temperature module provides two channels for temperature monitoring. Used for Pt100 measurement Up to 2 limit values Short circuit and wire / sensor breakage monitoring Used for PTC monitoring Monitoring the PTC response temperature ... -
Page 55: Monitoring Functions
7.7.4 Monitoring functions By means of monitoring functions the user can define an extended condition monitoring, e.g. for triggering an over-current alarm, if one of the phase currents exceeds a certain limit value. The states of all monitoring functions …will be shown in the alarm list (“Events” via main menu) …build a summary alarm state Logic inputs Up to three states of limit values, fault-current or temperature monitoring, logic inputs or other monitoring... -
Page 56: Summary Alarm
7.7.5 Summary alarm The summary alarm combines the states of all monitoring functions MFx to a superior alarm-state of the overall unit. For each monitoring function you may select if it is used for building the summary alarm state. If at least one of the used functions is in the alarm state, the summary alarm is also in the alarm state. If an optional failure-current monitoring is present, the detection of an alarm state or a breakage of the measurement line (2mA inputs only) activates directly the summary alarm. -
Page 57: Data Recording
7.8 Data recording The data logger provides long-term recordings of measurement progressions, events and PQ statistics. The recording is performed in endless mode (oldest data will be deleted, as soon as the associated memory is full). Group Data type Request ... - Page 58 The selection of the mean-value quantity to display can be performed via choosing the corresponding register. Three different kind of displays are supported: Daily profile: Hourly mean-values will be shown, independently of the real averaging time Weekly profile ...
- Page 59 Displaying the chronology of meter contents The chronology of meters is available via the menu Energy and is divided in two groups: Pre-defined meters User-defined meters From the difference of two successive meter readings the energy consumption for the dedicated time range can be determined.
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Page 60: Events
Data export as CSV file the time range of the data to export can be selected. A CSV (Comma separated value) file will be generated. This can be imported as a text file to Excel, with comma as a separator. The same file contains data for all quantities of the respective group. -
Page 61: Pq Events
7.8.3 PQ events Configuration of the events to record See 7.6 Display of PQ event recordings (locally) Recorded events are available in the form of a logbook, mains signaling events are stored in a separated list. Each detected event is entered into the PQ event list with the time of its occurrence, the remaining voltage and the duration of the event. - Page 62 Restriction of the quantities to display on the local display The user can adapt the displayed information to its needs. Once the graphic is displayed, the setting window for the selection of the quantities to display is entered by pressing <OK>. Voltage display Current display Mixed display...
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Page 63: Pq Statistic
7.8.4 PQ statistic From the PQ statistic it is very easy to see whether the limits of the monitored criteria are respected or not. Each criterion is represented by a bar, which itself may be composed of multiple color components: Requirement fulfilled Missing data Requirement not fulfilled... - Page 64 Display of PQ statistic (locally) Selection via Main menu | PQ statistic The PQ statistic is always displayed for the past seven days. Another time range cannot be selected. The standard to be used for the assessment of the statistic can be changed by selecting the entry “Standard”.
- Page 65 Creating a conformity report via the device website – PQ-Easy Report a conformity report in PDF format can be created. 1. Select assessment period: At least 1 week 2. Select standard which conformity needs to be proven 3. Select content of report (3 levels) 4.
- Page 66 Example of a conformity report a) Overview b) Details c) Events P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000 66/102...
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Page 67: Micro Sd Card (Pq3K Only)
7.8.5 Micro SD card (PQ3K only) Devices with data logger are supplied with a micro SD-Card, which provides long recording times. Activity The red LED located next to the SD card signals the logger activity. When data is written to the SD card the LED becomes shortly dark. -
Page 68: Data Export Of Pqdif Files
7.9 Data export of PQDIF files 7.9.1 Provision of PQ data The PQDIF files will be created periodically after midnight for the past day and provided in a hierarchical time structure (year, month, day), shown below for 2017/October /3rd. PQDIF files may also be generated manually via web interface. This is possible for the present day (data since midnight) or for days in the past. -
Page 69: Accessing Pqdif Files
7.9.2 Accessing PQDIF files You may access PQDIF files in two ways: a) Manual download via the Service | PQ data | Download PQ data: The desired file can be selected from the file structure according to chapter 7.9.1. b) Automatic download using the SmartCollect PM20 software (not included in the scope of delivery) 7.9.3 Evaluation of the PQDIF files For the analysis of the data of the PQDIF files either the SmartCollect PM20 software (not included in the scope of delivery) or a free tool with limited functionality, such as the PQDiffractor from Electrotek... -
Page 70: Timeouts
7.10 Timeouts Devices with display are designed for displaying measurements. So, any other procedure will be terminated after a certain time without user interaction and the last active measurement image will be shown again. Menu timeout A menu timeout takes effect after 2 min. without changing the present menu selection. It doesn’t matter if the currently displayed menu is the main menu or a sub-menu: The menu is closed, and the last active measurement image is displayed again. -
Page 71: Service, Maintenance And Disposal
8. Service, maintenance and disposal 8.1 Calibration and new adjustment Each device is adjusted and checked before delivery. The condition as supplied to the customer is measured and stored in electronic form. The uncertainty of measurement devices may be altered during normal operation if, for example, the specified ambient conditions are not met. -
Page 72: Technical Data
100 A, 5 x 1 s, interval 300 s 57.7…400 V Nominal voltage: (UL: 347V ), 100...693 V (UL: 600V Measurement max.: PQ3K: 480 V , 832 V (sinusoidal); PQ5K: 520 V , 900 V (sinusoidal) Measurement category: 600V CAT III ≤ U / 1.54 MΩ... - Page 73 Power Quality (IEC 62586-1) PQI-A FI2: Power Quality Instrument – Class A; Fixed installation; Type of device: Indoor environment with controlled temperature variations (2) Measurement cycle: 200 ms (50Hz: 10 cycles; 60Hz: 12 cycles) Flagging concept: Multiphase approach in accordance with IEC 61000-4-30 Certification: According to IEC62586-2 (standard for verifying compliance with IEC 61000-4-30) Certification body:...
- Page 74 PROFINET interface 2 temperature inputs PQ3K: Up to 3 extensions may be present in the device. Only one module can be equipped with analog outputs. PQ5K: Up to 2 extensions may be present in the device.
- Page 75 Digital outputs via plug-in terminals Nominal voltage: 12 / 24 V DC (30 V max.) Nominal current: 50 mA (60 mA max.) Fault current detection via plug-in terminals Number of channels 2; each channel provides two measurement ranges (2mA, 1A) Zero suppression Measurement <...
- Page 76 Mechanical attributes Housing material: Polycarbonate (Makrolon) Flammability class: V-0 acc. UL94, non-dripping, free of halogen Weight: 800 g (PQ3K), 600g (PQ5K) Dimensions: Dimensional drawings Vibration withstand (test according to DIN EN 60 068-2-6) P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000...
- Page 77 Protection class: II (protective insulation, voltage inputs via protective impedance) Pollution degree: Protection: Front: IP40, IP54 (PQ3K with sealing joint); Housing: IP30; Terminals: IP20 IP54 remark Sealing joint must be applied on the entire circumference of the housing; tested for CE compliance only.
- Page 78 Applied regulations, standards and directives IEC/EN 61010-1 Safety regulations for electrical measuring, control and laboratory equipment IEC/EN 61000-4-30 Ed.3 Power quality measurement methods IEC/EN 61000-4-7 General guide on harmonics and interharmonics measurements IEC/EN 61000-4-15 Flickermeter - Functional and design specifications IEEE 1159.3 Recommended Practice for the Transfer of Power Quality Data Power quality measurement in power supply systems –...
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Page 79: Dimensional Drawings
10. Dimensional drawings PQ3K PQ5K Dimensions All dimensions in [mm] P10 Rev A Device handbook LINAX PQ3000-PQ5000 79/102... -
Page 80: Annex
Annex A Description of measured quantities Used abbreviations Single phase system Split phase; system with 2 phases and center tap 3-wire system with balanced load 3-wire system with unbalanced load 3Lu.A 3-wire system with unbalanced load, Aron connection (only 2 currents connected) 4-wire system with unbalanced load A1 Basic measurements The basic measured quantities are calculated each 200ms by determining an average over 10 cycles at 50Hz or 12... - Page 81 Measurement ● ● √ √ √ √ √ √ Apparent power S ● ● √ √ Apparent power S1 ● ● √ √ Apparent power S2 ● ● √ Apparent power S3 ● ● √ √ √ √ √ √ Fundamental apparent power S(H1) ●...
- Page 82 Reactive power Most of the loads consume a combination of ohmic and inductive current from the power system. Reactive power arises by means of the inductive load. But the number of non-linear loads, such as RPM regulated drives, rectifiers, thyristor-controlled systems or fluorescent lamps, is increasing. They cause non- sinusoidal AC currents, which may be represented as a sum of harmonics.
- Page 83 Zero displacement voltage U Starting from the generating system with star point E (which is normally earthed), the star point (N) on load side is shifted in case of unbalanced load. The zero- displacement voltage between E und N may be determined by a vectorial addition of the voltage vectors of the three phases: = - (U...
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Page 84: A2 Harmonic Analysis
A2 Harmonic analysis The harmonic analysis is performed according IEC 61000-4-7 over 10 cycles at 50Hz or 12 cycles at 60Hz. If a measured quantity is available depends on the selected system. Measurement ● ● √ √ √ THD Voltage U1N/U ●... -
Page 85: A3 System Imbalance
A3 System imbalance Measured quantity ● √ √ √ √ UR1: Positive sequence [V] ● √ √ √ √ UR2: Negative sequence [V] ● √ U0: Zero sequence [V] ● ● √ √ √ √ U: Imbalance UR2/UR1 ● ● √... -
Page 86: A4 Mean Values And Trend
A4 Mean values and trend Measured quantity ● ● ● ● Active power I+IV 10s...60min. ● ● ● ● Active power II+III 10s...60min. ● ● ● ● Reactive power I+II 10s...60min. ● ● ● ● Reactive power III+IV 10s...60min. ● ●... -
Page 87: A5 Meters
A5 Meters Measured quantity ● ● ● ● ● ● Active energy I+IV, high tariff ● ● ● ● ● ● Active energy II+III, high tariff ● ● ● ● ● ● Reactive energy I+II, high tariff ● ● ● ●... -
Page 88: B Display Matrices
B Display matrices B0 Used abbreviations for the measurements Instantaneous values Name Measurement identification Unit Description Voltage system TRMS Voltage between phase L1 and neutral TRMS TRMS Voltage between phase L2 and neutral Voltage between phase L3 and neutral TRMS Voltage between phases L1 and L2 TRMS Voltage between phases L2 and L3... - Page 89 Name Measurement identification Unit Description Pst1N Short term flicker U1N, Averaging time 10min. 10min Pst2N Short term flicker U2N, Averaging time 10min. 10min Pst3N Short term flicker U3N, Averaging time 10min. 10min Pst12 Short term flicker U12, Averaging time 10min. 10min Pst23 Short term flicker U23, Averaging time 10min.
- Page 90 Minimum and maximum of instantaneous values Name Measurement identification Unit Description U_MM Minimum and maximum value of U TRMS Minimum and maximum value of U1N U1N_MM TRMS U2N_MM Minimum and maximum value of U2N TRMS U3N_MM Minimum and maximum value of U3N TRMS Minimum and maximum value of U12 U12_MM...
- Page 91 Mean-values, trend and bimetal current Name Measurement identification Unit Description (t2) (mu) Mean-value 1 (t2) (mu) Mean-value 2 …. …. (t2) (mu) (t2) (mu) Mean-value 11 (t2) (mu) Mean-value 12 TR_M1 (t2) (mu) Trend mean-value 1 TR_M2 (t2) (mu) Trend mean-value 2 ….
- Page 92 Graphical measurement displays Name Presentation Description Graphic of the power triangle consisting of: • Active, reactive and apparent power Px, Qx, Sx • Distortion reactive power Dx Px_TRIANGLE • Fundamental reactive power Qx(H1) • cos(φ) of fundamental • Active power factor PFx PF_MIN Graphic: Minimum active power factor PF in all 4 quadrants Cφ_MIN...
- Page 93 Graphic: Odd harmonics 3 up to 49 + Total Harmonic HO_IX Distortion of all currents Graphic: Odd harmonics 3 up to 49 + Total Harmonic HO_UX (as HO_IX) Distortion of all voltages Graphic: Even harmonics 2 up to 50 + Total Harmonic HE_IX (as HO_IX) Distortion of all currents...
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Page 94: B1 Display Matrices For Single Phase System
B1 Display matrices for single phase system Display menu Corresponding matrix U_MM Pst1N UNE_MAX F_MM I_MAX IN_MAX P_MAX Q_MAX S_MAX P_TRIANGLE Cφ_MIN PF_MIN I> 1.1 / 1.2 I> 2.1 / 2.2 I> 3.1 / 3.2 ϑ 1.1 / 1.2 ϑ 2.1 / 2.2 ϑ... -
Page 95: B2 Display Matrices For Split-Phase (Two-Phase) Systems
B2 Display matrices for split-phase (two-phase) systems Display menu Corresponding matrix U1N_MM Pst1N UD12 OD12 U2N_MM Pst2N UD1N OD1N U_MM UD2N OD2N UNE_MAX I1_MAX I2_MAX IN_MAX IPE_MAX P_MAX / P1_MAX For PQ5K Q_MAX / P2_MAX divided into S_MAX / Q1_MAX 2 images each F_MM / Q2_MAX P_TRIANGLE... -
Page 96: B3 Display Matrices For 3-Wire System, Balanced Load
B3 Display matrices for 3-wire system, balanced load Display menu Corresponding matrix U12_MM Pst12 UD12 OD12 U23_MM Pst23 UD23 OD23 U31_MM UR2R1 Pst31 UD31 OD31 F_MM UR21_MAX I_MAX P_MAX Q_MAX S_MAX P_TRIANGLE Cφ_MIN PF_MIN I> 1.1 / 1.2 I> 2.1 / 2.2 I>... -
Page 97: B4 Display Matrices For 3-Wire Systems, Unbalanced Load
B4 Display matrices for 3-wire systems, unbalanced load Display menu Corresponding matrix U12_MM Pst12 UD12 OD12 U23_MM Pst23 UD23 OD23 U31_MM UR2R1 Pst31 UD31 OD31 F_MM UR21_MAX I1_MAX I2_MAX I3_MAX IR2R1 IPE_MAX IR21_MAX P_MAX Q_MAX S_MAX P_TRIANGLE Cφ_MIN PF_MIN I> 1.1 / 1.2 I>... -
Page 98: B5 Display Matrices For 3-Wire Systems, Unbalanced Load, Aron
B5 Display matrices for 3-wire systems, unbalanced load, Aron Display menu Corresponding matrix U12_MM Pst12 UD12 OD12 U23_MM Pst23 UD23 OD23 U31_MM UR2R1 Pst31 UD31 OD31 F_MM UR21_MAX I1_MAX I2_MAX I3_MAX P_MAX Q_MAX S_MAX P_TRIANGLE Cφ_MIN PF_MIN I> 1.1 / 1.2 I>... -
Page 99: B6 Display Matrices For 4-Wire Systems, Unbalanced Load
B6 Display matrices for 4-wire systems, unbalanced load Display menu Corresponding matrix U1N_MM / U12_MM Pst1N UD1N UD12 OD1N OD12 U2N_MM / U23_MM Pst2N UD2N UD23 OD2N OD23 U3N_MM / U31_MM Pst3N UD3N UD31 OD3N OD31 F_MM / UR21_MAX UNB_UR2_UR1 I1_MAX / IN_MAX I2_MAX / IPE_MAX For PQ5K divided into... -
Page 100: C Logic Functions
C Logic functions The principal function of the logical gates is given in the following table, for simplicity shown for gates with two inputs only. older symbols function symbol truth table plain text ANSI 91-1984 DIN 40700 (alt) Function is true if all input conditions are fulfilled Function is true if at least one of the input... -
Page 101: Dfcc Statement
Camille Bauer. The correction of interference caused by such unauthorized modification, substitution or attachment will be the responsibility of the user. -
Page 102: Index
INDEX Basic measurements ..........78 Bimetal current ............84 earth fault monitoring ..........81 Alarming ............... 50 harmonic analysis ............ 82 Load factors ............. 80 mean values and trend ..........84 Commissioning ............. 28 meters ..............85 Configuration system imbalance ............ 83 menu ................
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