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ThermoVision™ Sentinel Operator’s manual Publ. No. 1 557 544 Revision a121 Language English (EN) Issue date October 6, 2005...
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ThermoVision™ Sentinel Operator’s manual Publ. No. 1 557 544 Rev. a121 – ENGLISH (EN) – October 6, 2005...
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FLIR Systems or this warranty will not apply. FLIR Systems will, at its option, repair or replace any such defective product free of charge if, upon inspection, it proves to be defective in material or workmanship and provided that it is returned to FLIR Systems within the said one-year period.
Table of contents System description ......................... Packing list ............................Connecting system components ....................Important notes ........................Connection overviews ......................3.2.1 Imager ........................3.2.2 Power Box (PB) ..................... Typical system overview ........................ Mechanical installation ........................Remote Control (RC) ........................Display symbology ......................... General information ......................
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10 Maintenance & cleaning ........................ 10.1 Camera body, cables & accessories ..................10.2 Lenses ........................... 11 Technical support ........................... 12 Technical specifications ......................... 12.1 System specifications ......................12.2 Thermal imager specifications ..................... 12.3 Video camera specifications ....................12.4 List of relevant documents ....................12.5 Diagnostic tools ........................
System description The ThermoVision™ Sentinel from FLIR Systems is a high performance thermal imaging system that incorporates the latest in uncooled detector technology. The ThermoVision™ Sentinel contains a 320 × 240 uncooled microbolometer focal plane detector array. The ThermoVision™ Sentinel features a dual field-of-view (WFOV = 20° × 15°, NFOV = 5°...
The ThermoVision™ Sentinel and its accessories are normally delivered in a hard transport case which typically contains the items below. On receipt, inspect all items and check them against the delivery note. Any damaged items must be reported to the local FLIR Systems representative immediately. Description Part Number Qty.
Connecting system components Important notes Please note the following: Always disconnect the system from the mains supply before connecting or discon- ■ necting any cables. The connectors should be sealed with the protective caps when not in use. ■ Publ. No. 1 557 544 Rev. a121 – ENGLISH (EN) – October 6, 2005...
3.2 – Connection overviews Connection overviews 3.2.1 Imager 10597403;a1 Figure 3.1 Main system connector Figure 3.2 Explanations of callouts Callout Explanation Cable designation: System cable ■ Part Number: 194 796 (15 m / 49 ft.) or 194 797 (61 m / 200 ft.) ■...
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3.2 – Connection overviews 10597503;a1 Figure 3.3 J3 internal service connector. Note that the outer housing must be removed to access the J3 internal service connector. Figure 3.4 Explanations of callouts Callout Explanation Cable designation: RS-232 cable (local supplier), or Remote Control (RC) cable ■...
3.2 – Connection overviews 3.2.2 Power Box (PB) 10597603;a1 Figure 3.5 Connecting cables to Power Box (PB) Figure 3.6 Explanations of callouts Callout Explanation Cable designation: Video cable ■ Part Number: 908 929 ■ Function: Connecting from external video monitor to the J7 connector on the ■...
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3.2 – Connection overviews Callout Explanation Cable designation: RS-232 cable (local supplier), or Remote Control (RC) cable ■ Part Number: 1 195 367 (applies only to cable including Remote Control (RC)) ■ Function: Either connecting a desktop or laptop computer to the J5 connector ■...
Mounting plates with a different hole layout can be made by custom order at FLIR Systems AB Imaging Sweden. SEE ALSO: For more information about mounting plates, see section 12.13 – Basic dimensions – Imager;...
Display symbology General information The ThermoVision™ Sentinel system operates in a number of modes. Each mode is a combination of settings and functions designed to assist the operator in performing a particular task. In addition to the operating modes, there are also a number of controls that can be used to optimize the system’s performance, or enhance system operation.
7.2 – System display & symbols System display & symbols 7.2.1 System display 10700103;a1 Figure 7.1 System display The symbology actually displayed is mode and function dependent, and can be re- moved from the display by using the Declutter feature if desired. The display is shown with all of the symbology activated (DECLUTTER mode is not active).
7.2 – System display & symbols 7.2.2 In-depth explanations of symbols 7.2.2.1 NFOV (narrow field-of-view) reticle The NFOV reticle is displayed when the system is in the WFOV (wide field-of-view), and provides an indication of the area viewed when the NFOV is selected. 7.2.2.2 Crosshair reticle The crosshair reticle shows the center of the current field-of-view.
7.2 – System display & symbols Zooming in ■ Zooming out ■ Focus far ■ Focus near ■ Frozen ■ Zoom box ■ Adjusting ■ 7.2.2.9 Declutter function At times the operator may want to remove all the symbology from the image. The system is capable of two levels of symbology display: Declutter none (all symbology is displayed normally as defined from the Setup →...
Operation Checking the system by using the Remote Control (RC) The ThermoVision™ Sentinel is usually controlled from a host computer. However, it can also be controlled locally – at the imager unit site or in a training center – by using a remote control.
8.2 – On-screen menus NOTE: The action to be performed is the one that is displayed in the menu. For example, if the feature Narrow FOV is listed, the system is currently using the WFOV and the selection will zoom in on the target. If the system is already using NFOV, the feature would be listed as Wide FOV.
8.2 – On-screen menus 8.2.3 Image menu 8.2.3.1 When IR is selected 10342903;a1 Figure 8.1 Image menu when IR is selected The Image menu is used to define appearance of the system video display. The up/down arrow buttons are used to move between the different menu features; pressing the ENTER button will activate the currently highlighted feature, and then exit the MENU mode.
8.2 – On-screen menus 8.2.3.1.5 Narrow FoV/Wide FoV Changes the current field-of-view in use from Wide FoV (normal) to Narrow FoV (zoomed), or back. 8.2.3.1.6 Man. level/span When selected, level & span values are locked, and a dialog box is shown at the bottom left of the display.
8.2 – On-screen menus SEE: For information, see section 8.2.3.1.1 – Declutter on page 17. 8.2.3.2.2 Auto focus Choosing this function executes a momentary auto-focus adjustment. Due to the risk of mechanical wear, continuous auto-focus is not provided. 8.2.3.2.3 Change FoV This is the same function as when IR is selected.
8.2 – On-screen menus ENTER button is used to open a dialog box. Within the dialog boxes, the up/down arrow buttons are used to move between the features while the left/right arrow buttons are used to adjust system settings or values. Pressing the ENTER button will accept any changes made and then exit the MENU mode, or press C to exit without making any changes to the current settings 8.2.4.1...
8.2 – On-screen menus Label Explanation Nuc button NUC / AF = When pressing the NUC button for ■ less than 1 second, the camera performs an image calibration. When pressing and holding the NUC button for more than 1 second, the camera performs an auto-focus sequence.
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8.2 – On-screen menus 8.2.4.2.1 When IR is selected 10700003;a1 Figure 8.6 Setup – Symbology dialog box Label Explanation Data field The Data field option affects the two lines of infor- mation presented at the bottom of the display. Three choices are available: Normal (both lines are shown) ■...
8.2 – On-screen menus Label Explanation NFOV brackets The NFOV brackets selection controls the presen- tation of the NFOV reticule that is displayed when the system is in the WFOV (and is used to provide an indication of the area viewed when the NFOV is selected).
8.2 – On-screen menus 8.2.4.4 Date & Time 10056003;a1 Figure 8.8 Setup – Date & Time dialog box The system time and date is set from within the Setup – Date & Time dialog box. The format that the information is presented in depends on the settings made in the Local Adaptions dialog box.
8.2 – On-screen menus 8.2.4.5 Maintenance 10058803;a2 Figure 8.9 Setup – Maintenance dialog box The Setup – Maintenance dialog boxis used to define system constants such as the system password (if used), and the protocol. Label Explanation Run diag tool Yes or No Baudrate 1200 bps...
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8.2 – On-screen menus Label Explanation Protocol ■ TASS ■ PELCO D (NOTE: By default, a ThermoVision™ ■ Sentinel system is shipped without PELCO D protocol. The customer must specifically re- quest PELCO D protocol.) Protocol is selectable to 5X0, TASS or PELCO D. The 5X0 protocol is also used in the ThermaCAM™...
8.2 – On-screen menus Label Explanation IR/TV video swap Yes or No If Yes is selected the active video signal is swapped between the two video outputs on the pan/tilt head when the operator toggles between IR and TV. If two monitors are used (one for IR and one for TV) this means that the images move between the monitors, instead of only moving the indicator for active channel between the monitors.
Adverse weather conditions Built-in heaters ThermoVision™ Sentinel is designed and manufactured to meet strict specifications and can be used under the most demanding weather conditions that may occur in field situations. Apart from the protection by design – such as sealings and encapsu- lation —...
Maintenance & cleaning 10.1 Camera body, cables & accessories The camera body, cables and accessories may be cleaned by wiping with a soft cloth. To remove stains, wipe with a soft cloth moistened with a mild detergent solution and wrung dry, then wipe with a dry soft cloth. NOTE: Do not use benzene, thinner, or any other chemical product on the camera, the cables or the accessories, as this may cause deterioration.
(US / North American customers only) ■ imagingsweden.support@flir.se ■ For telephone numbers to FLIR Systems Imaging offices, see the back cover of this manual. Publ. No. 1 557 544 Rev. a121 – ENGLISH (EN) – October 6, 2005...
Technical specifications 12.1 System specifications Dimensions (H x W x D) 254 × 220 × 320 mm (10 × 8.7 × 12.6") Weight 6.7 kg / 14.76 lb. Power 18–32 VDC Peak current 2 A, <0.5 sec, without heaters ■ 5.5 A, with heaters ■...
12.5 – Diagnostic tools 12.5 Diagnostic tools NOTE: Subject to change without further notice. 12.5.1 General The processing unit in the ThermoVision™ Sentinel comprises a built-in system of tests that the operator can initiate. The dialog boxes below show the tests that can be performed and an example of a result.
12.6 – Troubleshooting guide 12.6 Troubleshooting guide The following table is a guide for actions taken to correct simple operational faults that may occur during normal use of the ThermoVision™ Sentinel. Symptom Action No image appears on the screen at power on, or Check the video cable connecting the imager to the picture is distorted or continually scrolling.
12.7 – Overview & location of connectors 12.7 Overview & location of connectors 12.7.1 Connectors on Power Box (PB) 10370703;a1 Figure 12.3 Connectors on Power Box (PB) Figure 12.4 Connectors on Power Box (PB) – explanations Name Type Function Location 23-pin MIL C 38999 Main system connector Power Box (PB)
12.7 – Overview & location of connectors 12.7.2 Connectors on imager unit 10371003;a1 Figure 12.5 Location of connectors (enclosure removed): J1 main system connector and J3 internal service connector Figure 12.6 Connectors on imager unit – explanations Name Type Function Location 23-pin MIL C 38999 Main system cable con-...
12.8 – Pin configuration 12.8.2.2 J3 – Internal service connector 10342503;a1 Figure 12.8 J3 pin configuration. NOTE: The outer housing must be removed to access the J3 internal service connector. NOTE: This connector is normally not used by the operator, but reserved for uploading software upgrades, patches, bug fixes etc.
History of infrared technology Less than 200 years ago the existence of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum wasn't even suspected. The original significance of the infrared spectrum, or simply ‘the infrared’ as it is often called, as a form of heat radiation is perhaps less obvious today than it was at the time of its discovery by Herschel in 1800.
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effect reaches a maximum, and that measurements confined to the visible portion of the spectrum failed to locate this point. 10398903;a1 Figure 13.2 Marsilio Landriani (1746–1815) Moving the thermometer into the dark region beyond the red end of the spectrum, Herschel confirmed that the heating continued to increase.
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10399103;a1 Figure 13.3 Macedonio Melloni (1798–1854) Thermometers, as radiation detectors, remained unchallenged until 1829, the year Nobili invented the thermocouple. (Herschel’s own thermometer could be read to 0.2 °C (0.036 °F), and later models were able to be read to 0.05 °C (0.09 °F)). Then a breakthrough occurred;...
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10399003;a2 Figure 13.4 Samuel P . Langley (1834–1906) The improvement of infrared-detector sensitivity progressed slowly. Another major breakthrough, made by Langley in 1880, was the invention of the bolometer. This consisted of a thin blackened strip of platinum connected in one arm of a Wheatstone bridge circuit upon which the infrared radiation was focused and to which a sensitive galvanometer responded.
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by infrared search beams. Since this involved the risk of giving away the observer’s position to a similarly-equipped enemy observer, it is understandable that military interest in the image converter eventually faded. The tactical military disadvantages of so-called 'active’ (i.e. search beam-equipped) thermal imaging systems provided impetus following the 1939–45 war for extensive secret military infrared-research programs into the possibilities of developing ‘passive’...
Theory of thermal imaging 14.1 Introduction The subjects of infrared radiation is still new to many who will use an infrared camera. In this section the theory behind thermal imaging will be given. 14.2 The electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is divided arbitrarily into a number of wavelength re- gions, called bands, distinguished by the methods used to produce and detect the radiation.
14.3 – Blackbody radiation middle infrared (3–6 μm), the far infrared (6–15 μm) and the extreme infrared (15–100 μm). Although the wavelengths are given in μm (micrometers), other units are often still used to measure wavelength in this spectral region, e.g. nanometer (nm) and Ångström (Å).
14.3 – Blackbody radiation If the temperature of blackbody radiation increases to more than 525 °C (977 °F), the source begins to be visible so that it appears to the eye no longer black. This is the incipient red heat temperature of the radiator, which then becomes orange or yellow as the temperature increases further.
14.3 – Blackbody radiation Planck’s formula, when plotted graphically for various temperatures, produces a family of curves. Following any particular Planck curve, the spectral emittance is zero at λ = 0, then increases rapidly to a maximum at a wavelength λ and after passing it approaches zero again at very long wavelengths.
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14.3 – Blackbody radiation 10399403;a1 Figure 14.5 Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928) The sun (approx. 6 000 K) emits yellow light, peaking at about 0.5 μm in the middle of the visible light spectrum. At room temperature (300 K) the peak of radiant emittance lies at 9.7 μm, in the far infrared, while at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K) the maximum of the almost insignificant amount of radiant emittance occurs at 38 μm, in the extreme infrared wavelengths.
14.3 – Blackbody radiation 14.3.3 Stefan-Boltzmann's law By integrating Planck’s formula from λ = 0 to λ = ∞, we obtain the total radiant emittance (W ) of a blackbody: This is the Stefan-Boltzmann formula (after Josef Stefan, 1835–1893, and Ludwig Boltzmann, 1844–1906), which states that the total emissive power of a blackbody is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature.
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14.3 – Blackbody radiation or less wavelength dependent, the subscript λ is used to imply the spectral depen- dence of their definitions. Thus: The spectral absorptance α = the ratio of the spectral radiant power absorbed by ■ λ an object to that incident upon it. The spectral reflectance ρ...
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14.3 – Blackbody radiation For highly polished materials ε approaches zero, so that for a perfectly reflecting λ material (i.e. a perfect mirror) we have: For a graybody radiator, the Stefan-Boltzmann formula becomes: This states that the total emissive power of a graybody is the same as a blackbody at the same temperature reduced in proportion to the value of ε...
14.4 – Infrared semi-transparent materials 10327303;a3 Figure 14.9 Spectral emissivity of three types of radiators. 1: Spectral emissivity; 2: Wavelength; 3: Blackbody; 4: Graybody; 5: Selective radiator. 14.4 Infrared semi-transparent materials Consider now a non-metallic, semi-transparent body – let us say, in the form of a thick flat plate of plastic material.
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Index – T System info command: 27 System information dialog box: 27 system time symbol: 12, 13 technical support: 30 telefax number: iv telephone number: iv tests built-in: 35 theory of thermography: 56 thermograph: 53 thermographic theory: 56 thermometrical spectrum: 52 thermos bottle: 54 ThermoVision™...
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A note on the production of this manual This manual was produced using XML – Extensible Markup Language. For more information about XML, point your browser to: http://www.w3.org/XML/ Customers interested in the history & theory of markup languages may also want to visit the following sites: ▪...
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FLIR Systems, Inc. 16 Esquire Road Middle East Office North Billerica, MA 01862 SWEDEN UB Building, Suite 108 FLIR Systems AB Imaging Sweden P .O. Box 35021 PH: +1 978.901.8000 Rinkebyvägen 19 Dubai PH: +1 800.GO.INFRA P .O. Box 3 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES FX: +1 978.901.8885...
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