D-Link NetDefendOS User Manual page 130

• -6
When the destination is specified as an FQDN, NetDefendOS will only request an IPv4 address
from the resolving DNS server and will use that as the destination address. This option must
be used if an IPv6 address is to be requested from the DNS server and used as the destination
address.
gw-world:/> traceroute server.example.com -6
Alternatively, the IPv6 address could be entered directly after the traceroute command.
• -maxhops
This specifies the maximum value for the time-to-live parameter of the packets sent.
gw-world:/> traceroute server.example.com -maxhops=20
The default value is 30.
Maxhops is important because if NetDefendOS gets no response from a router within the set
timeout (the default is 1 second) then it will continue to send ICMP ping messages with an
increasing time-to-live value until the maxhops limit is reached.
• -count
This specifies how many attempts are made for each hop.
gw-world:/> traceroute server.example.com -count=1
The default value is 3.
• -size
This specifies how large the payload is that is sent. The payload is made up of random data.
gw-world:/> traceroute server.example.com -size=128
The default value is 32.
• -nodelay
This specifies that each query is to be sent as fast as possible.
gw-world:/> traceroute server.example.com -nodelay
The default is that this is disabled.
The number of traceroute ICMP messages specified by the -count parameter are first sent
continuously with no delay. Then there is a fixed delay of one second before the next set of
messages are sent with an incremented time-to-live value. By specifying -nodelay, the one
second delay is removed and the sets of messages are sent continuously with no delay
between them. This continuous packet stream can simulate a denial-of service (DOS) attack.
• -starthop
This specifies what time-to-live (TTL) value to start with and therefore at which hop to start.
gw-world:/> traceroute server.example.com -starthop=3
The default value is 1.
• -stop
Chapter 2: Management and Maintenance
130