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LUBRICANT
SAE Classification
n the SAE classification, oils differ on the basis of their
I
viscosity, and no other qualitative characteristic is taken
into account.
The first number refers to the viscosity when the engine
is cold (symbol W = winter), while the second considers
viscosity with the engine at régime.
The criteria for choosing must consider, during winter, the
lowest outside temperature to which the engine will be subject
and the highest functioning temperature during summer.
Single-degree oils are normally used when the running
temperature varies scarcely.
Multi-degree oil is less sensitive to temperature changes.
International specifications
They define testing performances and procedures that the lubricants need to successfully respond to in several engine testing and
laboratory analysis so as to be considered qualified and in conformity to the regulations set for each lubrication kind.
A.P.I
: ( American Petroleum Institute )
MIL
: Engine oil U.S. military specifications released for logistic reasons
ACEA
: European Automobile Manufacturers Association
Tables shown on this page are of useful reference when buying a kind of oil.
Codes are usually printed-out on the oil container and the understanding of their meaning is useful for comparing different brands
and choosing the kind with the right characteristics.
Usually a specification showing a following letter or number is preferable to one with a preceding letter or number.
An SF oil, for instance, is more performing than a SE oil but less performing than a SG one.
PETROL
A1 = Low-viscosity, for frictions reduction
A2 = Standard
A3 = High performances
LIGHT DUTY DIESEL ENGINES
B1 = Low-viscosity, for frictions reduction
B2 = Standard
B3 =High performances (indirect injection)
B4 = High quality (direct injection)
API
MIL
KD 702_1003_1404 Workshop Manual_cod. ED0053029340_1° ed_
ACEA Regualtions - ACEA Sequences
API / MIL Sequences
DIESEL
CH-4 CG-4 CF-4
CF-2
CF CE CD CC SC SD SE SF SG
CORRENTI
CURRENT
Maintenance - Recommended oil type - Refilling
-
-
-
-
-
40
35
30
25
20
15
SAE 10W*
SAE- Grade
HEAVY DUTY DIESEL ENGINES
E1 = OBSOLETE
E2 = Standard
E3 = Heavy conditions (Euro 1 - Euro 2 engines )
E4 = Heavy conditions (Euro 1 - Euro 2 - Euro 3 engines )
E5 =High performances in heavy conditions (Euro 1 - Euro 2 - Euro
3 engines )
L- 46152 D / E
OBSOLETI
OBSOLETE
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
10
5 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
SAE 20W*
SAE 30*
SAE 40*
SAE 10W-30**
SAE 10W-40**
SAE 10W-60**
SAE 15W-40 **
SAE 15W-40 **
SAE 20W-60 **
SAE 5W-30 ***
SAE 5W-40 ***
SAE 0W-30 ***
* Mineral base
** Semi-synthetic base
*** Synthetic base
PETROL
SH
SJ
SL
4
+
+
+
+
35
40
45
50
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