Appendices; About Midi - Korg ER-1mkII Owner's Manual

Rhythm synthesizer
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8.Appendices

8. Appendices

About MIDI

1. MIDI channels
Similarly to a television, data can be received when the channel
of the receiving device matches the channel on which the data
is being transmitted.
The transmit/receive channel of the ER-1
Channel setting in MIDI mode.
2. Note-on/off
When you strike a key pad, the note number assigned to that
pad and a velocity value will be transmitted as a Note-on mes-
sage [9n, kk, vv] (n: channel, kk: note number, vv: velocity). On
the ER-1
II, the vv: velocity value is determined by the Ac-
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cent level. When you release a pad, a note-off message [8n, kk,
vv] is transmitted. However, most devices do not transmit note-
off velocity, and neither does the ER-1
messages for a note number assigned to a part are received,
that part will sound.
Note-on/off messages are transmitted and received on the MIDI
channel that you specify in MIDI mode.
3. Switching patterns
When you switch patterns, Program Change message and Bank
Select messages [Bn, 00, mm] (control change #00), [Bn, 20, bb]
(control change #32) (mm: bank number upper byte, bb: bank
number lower byte, together allowing 16,384 banks to be se-
lected) will be transmitted.
If a Program Change is received on the MIDI channel of the ER-
II, patterns will be switched within the same group (e.g.,
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from A01 to A02). After a Bank Select has been received, the
next-received Program Change will be able to switch to a pat-
tern of a different group (e.g., from A01 to C01).
Transmission and reception of Program Change messages can
be controlled by the MIDI mode MIDI Filter setting.
Bank Select
Program Change
MSB
LSB
00
00
00
01
4. Using NRPN messages to edit
NPRN (Non Registered Parameter No.) messages are messages
to which manufacturers are free to assign their own functions.
On the ER-1
II, NRPN messages are assigned to all knobs and
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keys of the Synthesizer section other than Motion Seq. and De-
lay Type.
To edit, first use NRPN (LSB) [Bn, 62, rr] and NRPN (MSB) [Bn,
63, mm] (control change #98 and 99) (rr, mm: lower and upper
bytes of the parameter no.) to select the parameter. Then trans-
mit Data Entry (MSB) [Bn, 06, mm] and Data Entry (LSB) [Bn,
26, vv] (control change #06 and 38) (mm, vv: upper and lower
bytes of the value, together expressing 16,384 steps) to set the
value. The ER-1
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Data Entry message.
42
II is set by the MIDI
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II. When note-on/off
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Pattern number
0...127
A01...b64
0...127
C01...d64
II uses only the MSB value (128 steps) of the
5. If "stuck notes" occur
If for some reason a note fails to stop sounding, you can usually
switch modes to stop the sound. If a note played via MIDI fails
to stop, you can simultaneously press the Shift key and the Stop/
Cancel key to perform a MIDI Reset.
6. About synchronization
Two or more sequencers can be connected via MIDI and made
to playback in synchronization. Messages used for synchroni-
zation (realtime messages) include Timing Clock [F8], Start [FA],
Continue [FB], and Stop [FC]. In a synchronized system, one
synthesizer (the master) will transmit these messages, and the
other sequencer(s) (the slave(s)) will receive these messages. The
slave devices will playback according to the tempo specified by
the Timing Clock messages transmitted by the master. Twenty-
four Timing Clock messages are transmitted for each quarter
note. When the ER-1
II's Global mode parameter Clock is set
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to INT, it will be the master device, and will transmit these
realtime messages. When Clock is set to EXT, it will be the slave
device, and will receive these realtime messages. However even
when Clock is set to EXT, the ER-1
to its own internal clock if no Timing Clock messages are being
received. The Start message specifies when playback will be-
gin. When the Start/Pause key is pressed on the master device,
it will transmit a Start message. Slave devices that receive this
Start message will synchronize to the Timing Clock messages
subsequently received, and will begin playback from the be-
ginning. If the Start/Pause key is pressed on the master devices
when it is paused, the master will transmit a Continue mes-
sage. When a slave device receives the Continue message, it
will resume playback from the point where it is currently
stopped. If the Stop key is pressed during playback, the master
will transmit a Stop message. Slave devices will stop playback
when they receive a Stop message.
7. Synchronization in Song mode
In Song mode, the ER-1
II can transmit and receive Song Se-
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lect and Song Position Pointer messages. When you switch
songs, a Song Select [F3 ss] message will be transmitted (ss: song
number, where one of 128 songs can be selected. On the ER-
1
II you can select 16 songs.) If the ER-1
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Select message in Song mode, it will switch songs. Transmis-
sion and reception of Song Select messages can be restricted by
the MIDI Filter settings of MIDI mode. If you change the cur-
rent position on the master device (i.e., the device whose Clock
is set to INT) when the song is stopped, a Song Position Pointer
message [F2 pp pp] will be transmitted. (pp: the number of MIDI
beats from the beginning of the song; i.e., the number of Timing
Clocks divided by six.) Song Position Pointer indicates the lo-
cation at which the sequencer is currently stopped. When Song
Position Pointer is received in Song mode by a slave device (i.e.,
a device whose Clock is set to EXT), it will change the location
at which its song is currently stopped to match the location of
the master. However on the ER-1
tern may be different, so the master and slave will not necessar-
ily be in the same location. When the Start/Pause key is pressed
on the master device, a Continue message is transmitted, and
the song will begin playback from the currently selected posi-
tion. When the slave device receives the Continue message, it
will synchronize to the Timing Clock messages and begin play-
back from the current point in the song. In the same way as
synchronizing the playback from the beginning of the song, you
II will operate according
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II receives a Song
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II, the length of each pat-
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