Perkins 4016-61 TRG Operation And Maintenance Manual page 39

SEBU8604
Some commercial oils that meet the API
classifications may require reduced oil change
intervals. To determine the oil change interval, closely
monitor the condition of the oil and perform a wear
metal analysis.
NOTICE
Failure to follow these oil recommendations can cause
shortened engine service life due to deposits and/or
excessive wear.
Total Base Number (TBN) and Fuel Sulfur
Levels for Direct Injection (DI) Diesel
Engines
The Total Base Number (TBN) for an oil depends on
the fuel sulfur level. For direct injection engines that
use distillate fuel, the minimum TBN of the new oil
must be 10 times the fuel sulfur level. The TBN is
defined by "ASTM D2896". The minimum TBN of the
oil is 5 regardless of fuel sulfur level. Illustration 27
demonstrates the TBN.
Illustration 27
(Y) TBN by "ASTM D2896"
(X) Percentage of fuel sulfur by weight
(1) TBN of new oil
(2) Change the oil when the TBN deteriorates to 50 percent of
the original TBN.
Use the following guidelines for fuel sulfur levels that
exceed 1.5 percent:
•
Choose an oil with the highest TBN that meets one
of these classifications: EMA DHD-1 and API CH-4.
• Reduce the oil change interval. Base the oil
change interval on the oil analysis. Ensure that the
oil analysis includes the condition of the oil and a
wear metal analysis.
Excessive piston deposits can be produced by an oil
with a high TBN. These deposits can lead to a loss
of control of the oil consumption and to the polishing
of the cylinder bore.
Operating Direct Injection (DI) diesel engines with fuel
sulphur levels over 0.5 percent will require shortened
oil change intervals in order to help maintain adequate
wear protection.
Table 19
Percentage of Sulfur in
the fuel
Lower than 0.5
0.5 to 1.0
Greater than 1.0
Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations
for Direct Injection (DI) Diesel Engines
The correct SAE viscosity grade of oil is determined
by the minimum ambient temperature during
cold engine start-up, and the maximum ambient
temperature during engine operation.
Refer to Table 20 (minimum temperature) in order
to determine the required oil viscosity for starting a
cold engine.
Refer to Table 20 (maximum temperature) in order
to select the oil viscosity for engine operation at the
highest ambient temperature that is anticipated.
Generally, use the highest oil viscosity that is
available to meet the requirement for the temperature
at start-up.
Table 20
g00799818
EMA LRG-1
Viscosity Grade
SAE 10W30
SAE 15W40
SAE 15W40
SAE 15W40
Synthetic Base Stock Oils
Synthetic base oils are acceptable for use in
these engines if these oils meet the performance
requirements that are specified for the engine.
Maintenance Section
NOTICE
Oil change interval
Normal
0.75 of normal
0.50 of normal
Engine Oil Viscosity
Ambient Starting
API CH-4
Temperatures below
−15 °C (5 °F) to
0 °C (32. °F) to
32 °C (89.5 °F)
Temperatures above
32 °C (89.5 °F)
39
Refill Capacities
Temperature
−15 °C (5 °F)
0 °C (32. °F)