Page 1 3Com V7122 SIP VoIP ® ™ Gateway User Manual Version 4.2 http://www.3com.com Part Number 900-0181-01 Rev AA Published June 2004...
Page 2 LICENSE.TXT or !LICENSE.TXT. If you are unable to locate a copy, please contact 3Com and a copy will be provided to you.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
VCX V7122/SIP Rear Panels 27 VCX V7122/SIP Front Panel LED Indicators 33 Reader's Notes 35 3: S HAPTER OFTWARE NSTALLATION Installation Package 37 VCX V7122/SIP Initialization 37 Quick Setup Procedure 38 BootP/DHCP and TFTP Procedures 40 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 4 End Points Data Sheet 90 Prefix to IP Routing Table 91 E1/T1 Parameters Sheet 92 Using Call Progress Tones 92 Format of the Call Progress INI File 93 Default Template for Call Progress Tones 94 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 5 Diagnostics Overview 131 VCX V7122/SIP Gateway Alarms and SNMP Traps 131 LED Visual Indicator Status and Alarms 131 SNMP Traps 132 VCX V7122/SIP Self-Testing 133 SysLog Support 133 Overview 133 SysLog Operation 134 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 6 C: D RTP/RTCP/T.38 P PPENDIX EFAULT LLOCATION Reader's Notes 160 D: DTMF, F PPENDIX ODEM RANSPORT ODES DTMF/MF Relay Settings 161 Fax/Modem Settings 161 Configuring Fax Relay Mode 161 Configuring Fax/Modem ByPass Mode 162 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 7 RODUCTS Register Your Product to Gain Service Benefits 173 Solve Problems Online 173 Purchase Extended Warranty and Professional Services 173 Access Software Downloads 174 Contact Us 174 Telephone Technical Support and Repair 174 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 8 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 9: About This Guide
Date Published nor can it accept responsibility for errors or omissions. See “Appendix G: Obtaining Support for Your 3Com Products” for details on how to register your product and get support from 3Com. How to Use This Guide This book covers these topics:...
Page 10: About Thi Guide
Information that alerts you to potential personal injury or death. Hexadecimal notation is indicated by 0x preceding the number. Related Documentation The following documents are available on the 3Com Partner Access website for the 3Com VCX V7122 VoIP Gateway: VCX V7122/SIP Release Notes, Version 4.2...
Page 11 Please include the following information with your comments: Document title Document part number (usually found on the front page) Page number Your name and organization (optional) Example: 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User’s Manual Page 25 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 12 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 13: Chapter 1: Overview Of The Vcx V7122
V7122 Introduction The 3Com VCX V7122/SIP (Session Initialization Protocol) VoIP Gateway provides excellent voice quality and optimized packet voice streaming over IP networks. The VCX V7122/SIP Gateway enables voice, fax, and data traffic to be sent over the same IP network.
Page 14 VCX V7122/SIP Front View Figure 1 VCX 7122/SIP Rear View Figure 2 Figure 3 illustrates typical VCX V7122 2000/SIP Gateway applications over VoIP Network 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 15 Figure 3 PSTN Telephone E1/T1 PRI/ VCX V7122 SIP Proxy Router Router Service Node IP Network VCX V7122 VCX V7122 Router Router E1/T1 PRI/ E1/T1 PRI/ PBX - Branch A PBX - Branch B 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 16: Vcx V7122/Sip Gateway Key Features
Compact, rugged 19-inch rack mount unit, one U high (1.75 in. or 44.5 mm), with two CompactPCI (cPCI) slots. Optional cPCI slot for third-party CPU board. TP-1610 hot-swap cPCI board. Optional dual redundant AC power supply. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 17: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 18 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 19: Chapter 2: Hardware Installation
Hardware Installation Procedure General The VCX V7122/SIP Gateway comprises a single 3Com CompactPCI board and a 19-inch 1U chassis with an optional dual AC or single DC power supply. The cPCI board is a high- density, hot-swappable, compactPCI resource board with a capacity of up to 480 ports, supporting all necessary functions for voice, data, and fax streaming over IP networks.
Page 20: Available Configurations
96 Channels on four T1 spans with Gateway-1 only 192 Channels on eight T1 spans with Gateway-1 only 384 Channels on 16 T1 spans with Gateway-1 and Gateway-2 Applicable Boards TP-1610, the board used for the VCX V7122/SIP Gateway. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 21: Unpacking
Check that there is no equipment damage. Check, retain, and process any documents. Notify 3Com of any damage or discrepancies. CAUTION: Installation and service of 3Com VCX V7122 Gateways must be performed only by authorized, qualified service personnel. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 22: Installation
E1/T1 Connections on each 50-pin Telco Connector Table 3 E1/T1 Number Tx Pins (Tip/Ring) Rx Pins (Tip/Ring) 1 – 8 9 – 16 27/2 26/1 29/4 28/3 31/6 30/5 33/8 32/7 35/10 34/9 37/12 36/11 39/14 38/13 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 23: Board Replacement
Proxy, Softswitch, or an application server. The following CPU boards were tested for compliancy with the VCX V7122/SIP chassis: Sun – CP2080 + PMC-233 (Ramix disk on board) Motorola – CPV5375-700-02 (with integral HDD) + CPTM-01 (RTM) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 24: Vcx V7122/Sip Front And Rear Panels
VCX V7122/SIP Front Panels There is a choice of front panels according to the number of channels. VCX V7122/SIP Front Panel Supporting up to 16 Trunks Figure 10 FAIL 1610 Series LINK ACT SWAP READY 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 25 RAI – Remote Alarm Indication Ethernet LEDs (for each line) LINK – Green -Link all OK ACT – Yellow Transmit/Receive PWR (Green) – Power On Swap Ready (Blue) – cPCI Board can be removed 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 26 VCX V7122/SIP Front Panel Supporting up to Eight Trunks Figure 11 FAIL 1610 Series LINK ACT SWAP READY 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 27: Vcx V7122/Sip Rear Panels
Rear panel with two RJ-48c connectors, shown in Table 8 on page 30, supporting up to two E1/T1 spans. Rear panel with one RJ-48c connector, shown in Table 9 on page 31, supporting one E1/T1 span. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 28 Figure 12 1610 Series Figure 12 Legend Table 6 cPCI Latch E1/T1 trunks 1 – 8 or 9 – 16 wired per Table 3 must be connected here Two Ethernet Ports, RJ-45 LAN connectors 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 29 VCX V7122/SIP Rear Panel with Eight RJ-48c Connectors for Eight Trunks Figure 13 1610 Series Ethernet Figure 13 Legend Table 7 cPCI Latch Eight E1/T-1 spans, RJ-48c trunk connectors Two Ethernet Ports, RJ-45 LAN connectors 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 30 VCX V7122/SIP Rear Panel with Four RJ-48c Connectors for Four Trunks Figure 14 1610 Series Ethernet Figure 14 Legend Table 8 cPCI Latch Four E1/T-1 spans, RJ-48c trunk connectors Two Ethernet Ports, RJ-45 LAN connectors 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 31 VCX V7122/SIP Rear Panel with Two RJ-48c Connectors for Two Trunks Figure 15 1610 Series Ethernet Figure 15 Legend Table 9 cPCI Latch Two E1/T-1 spans, RJ-48c trunk connectors Two Ethernet Ports, RJ-45 LAN connectors 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 32 VCX V7122/SIP Rear Panel with One RJ-48c Connector for One Trunk Figure 16 1610 Series Ethernet Figure 16 Legend Table 10 cPCI Latch Two E1/T-1 spans, RJ-48c trunk connectors Two Ethernet Ports, RJ-45 LAN connectors 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 33: Vcx V7122/Sip Front Panel Led Indicators
Auxiliary Indicator LEDs on the VCX V7122/SIP Front Panel Table 14 LED Name LED Color LED Function Green Power is supplied to the board SWAP READY Blue The cPCI board can now be removed The cPCI board was inserted successfully 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 34 Changing of the FAIL LED to red indicates a failure. In the correct VCX V7122/SIP operation, the E1/T1 LED lights green. Any other condition indicates failure, either in the E1/T1 cable, in the VCX V7122/SIP or at the remote side. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 35: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 36 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 37: Chapter 3: Software Installation
The INI file and other configuration files can be downloaded to the VCX V7122/SIP from a web browser through HTTP or using standard TFTP Server or the 3Com Configuration Utility. The Image software file Mediant.cmp is only used for software upgrade.
Page 38: Quick Setup Procedure
Quick Setup Procedure The 3Com VCX V7122/SIP Media Gateway is supplied with an integrated web server to be used to configure the device and monitor it during run time. This section describes how to set up the VCX V7122/SIP Media Gateway with basic parameters, using a standard web browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer (Version 5.0...
Page 39 In the Quick Setup screen set the Gateway’s new IP address, NAT IP address, subnet mask, and default Gateway IP address. Set the basic SIP Gateway Parameters, shown in Figure SIP Quick Setup Screen Figure 18 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 40: Bootp/Dhcp And Tftp Procedures
VCX V7122/SIP configuration or for a new software upgrade. The BootP Protocol enables network administrators to manage the configuration of the VCX V7122/SIP from a central configuration server, as such a BootP/DHCP server. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 41: Configuring The Tftp Server
TFTP Server IP address –TFTP and BootP servers are usually installed on the same host. However, when using the 3Com BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility or Microsoft DHCP server, it is possible to set the IP address of TFTP server (Boot server Host Name field), and in this case BootP and TFTP servers can run from different hosts.
Page 42: Using 3Com Bootp/Tftp Configuration Utility
Windows XP, Windows 98, or Windows NT/2000. With the 3Com BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility it is possible to use the integrated TFTP Server (part of the 3Com utility) or to install TFTP Server on a different host. The utility enables remote reset of the VCX V7122/SIP unit to trigger the initialization procedure (BootP and TFTP).
Page 43: Other Tftp And Bootp Servers
Tones and E1/T1 CAS Configuration Files”). Set the Boot file name in the BootP Server, or in the web browser Network settings page to ramxxx.cmp -fb;Mediant.ini. Other network parameters stay unchanged (such as the 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 44 -fb parameter. In this case, the new software is downloaded directly to RAM, and not permanently stored into flash. Upgrade Procedure Using the 3Com Configuration Utility To upgrade the software using the 3Com BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility, follow these steps: Install the 3Com BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility.
Page 45 In the Services menu, choose Clients. The Client Configuration screen opens, as shown Figure 21. The parameter fields displayed on the right side of the screen constitute the VCX V7122/SIP software profile configuration. The parameter fields are all blank when a client is not found. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 46 13 To permanently store the new image file in the unit’s flash memory, add the –fb suffix to boot file name, such as ram.cmp -fb. After entering the file names, click Apply & Reset. 14 The following status messages display in the 3Com BootP/TFTP Server main screen: 3Com Configuration Utility - Client Found...
Page 47: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 48 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 49: Chapter 4: Profile , Operation , And Configuration
EuroISDN, NT TE calls) Configuration of numbering plan and type for IP ISDN calls Interworking of PSTN to SIP release causes Interworking of ISDN to diversion number (defined in IETF draft-levy-sip-diversion-05.txt) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 50: Supported Sip Features
DTMF out of band transfer using INFO method (draft-choudhuri-sip-info-digit-00.txt). SIP URL: sip:phonenumber@IPaddress (such as 122@10.1.2.4, where 122 is the phone number of the source or destination) or sip:phone_number@domainname, such as 122@myproxy.com. Reliable UDP transport, with retransmissions. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 51: Vcx V7122/Sip Gateway Features
The Gateway monitors connection with a proxy using keep-alive messages (OPTIONS). ProxyName Proxy domain name used in SIP SIPgw Request-URI. If this parameter is not specified, the proxy IP address is used instead in SIP URI. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 52 (from the INI file) and the remote set. The local coders are the preferred ones, and if the first local coder is included in the remote SDP response, then it is selected, otherwise next local coder is tested for match. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 53 IP calls. This feature enables users to differentiate incoming IP calls and apply routing and number manipulation rules, based on the trunk group from where the call arrived. When using Trunk groups the ChannelList parameter is ignored. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 54: Trunk To Trunk Routing Example
23, describes SIP messages exchanged between VCX V7122/SIP Gateway and an VCX V7111 8FXS Gateway during a simple call. The VCX V7111 8FXS has the phone number 8000 and calls the VCX V7122 with the phone number 1000: 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 55 4000 RTP/AVP 8 96 a=rtpmap:8 pcma/8000 a=rtpmap:96 telephone-event/8000 a=fmtp:96 0-15 a=ptime:20 F2 10.8.201.10 ==> 10.8.201.108 Trying SIP/2.0 100 Trying Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacsiJkDGd From: <sip:8000@10.8.201.108>;tag=1c5354 To: <sip:1000@10.8.201.10> Call-ID: 534366556655skKw-8000--1000@10.8.201.108 CSeq: 18153 INVITE Content-Length: 0 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 56 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacRKCVBud From: <sip:8000@10.8.201.108>;tag=1c5354 To: <sip:1000@10.8.201.10>;tag=1c7345 Call-ID: 534366556655skKw-8000--1000@10.8.201.108 CSeq: 18154 BYE Supported: 100rel,em Content-Length: 0F7 10.2.37.10 ==> 10.2.37.20 200 OK F7 10.8.201.10 ==> 10.8.201.108 200OK SIP/2.0 200 OK Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.8.201.108;branch=z9hG4bKacRKCVBud From: <sip:8000@10.8.201.108>;tag=1c5354 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 57: Sip Authentication Example
According to the sub-header present in the WWW-Authenticate header the correct REGISTER request is formed. Since the algorithm used is MD5, we use: The user name from the INI file: VCX V7111 8FXS-3Com The realm return by the proxy: 3com.com The password from the INI file: 3Com...
Page 58 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.1.1.200 From: <sip: 122@10.1.1.200>;tag=1c23940 To: <sip: 122@10.1.1.200> Call-ID: 654982194@10.1.1.200 Cseq: 1 REGISTER Date: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 09:34:42 GMT Server: Columbia-SIP-Server/1.17 Content-Length: 0 Contact: <sip:122@10.1.1.200>; expires="Thu, 26 Jul 2001 10:34:42 GMT"; action=proxy; q=1.00 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 59 Contact: <122@10.1.1.200:>; expires="Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT"; action=proxy; q=0.00 Expires: Thu, 26 Jul 2001 10:34:42 GMT 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 60: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 61: Chapter 5: Provisioning
Using the INI file resets all unspecified parameters to their default values. The Channel Parameters define the DTMF, fax, and modem transfer modes. See “Appendix D: DTMF, Fax, and Modem Transport Modes” for a detailed description of these modes. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 62: Basic, Logging And Web Parameters
DHCP server. The DHCPEnable is a special Hidden parameter. Once defined and saved in the flash memory, it is used even if it does not appear in the INI file. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 63 1 = Enable SysLog SysLog) DisableRS232 0 = RS-232 serial port is enabled (default) 1 = RS-232 serial port is disabled For VCX V7122/SIP, the parameter must be set to 1 to disable the serial port. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 64 (Network Settings>SNMP Manager IP) For example: SNMPManagerIP = 10.2.1.10 DisableSNMP 0 = SNMP is enabled (default) (Network/Settings>Enable 1 = SNMP is disabled SNMP) HTTPport HTTP port used for Web management (default = 80) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 65: E1/T1 Configuration Parameters
F = J1 - Japan (ESF with CRC6 and JT) Selects the framing method to be used for E1/T1 spans. FramingMethod_x Same as FramingMethod for a specific Trunk ID (x = 0 – 7). (Framing Method) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 66 T1_HKT_ISDN = 20 /* Hong Kong - HKT over T1 E1_QSIG = 21 /*Basic call only T1_QSIG = 23 /*Basic call only ProtocolType_x Same as ProtocolType for specific Trunk ID (x = 0 – 7). (Protocol Type) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 67 2 = use HDB3 line code (for E1 trunks only) Use to select B8ZS or AMI for T1 spans, and HDB3 or AMI for E1 spans. LineCode_x Same as LineCode for a specific Trunk ID (x = 0 – 7). (Line Code) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 68 D-channel that is used if the primary D- channel fails. The other NFAS trunks contain only 24 B-channels without a signaling D-channel. Applicable only for T1 ISDN protocols. Backup trunk is not supported for DMS PRI variants. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 69 (Trunk Settings>Line Built Out 1 = -7.5 dB Loss) 2 = -15 dB 3 = -22.5 dB Selects the line build out loss to be used for T1 trunks. N/A for E1 trunks. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 70 1 = Swap between DNIS and Redirect numbers for ISDN incoming Redirect and Called Numbers) calls. Incoming ISDN call that includes redirect number (sometimes referred as original called number) uses this number instead of the called number. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 71 Using the Number Manipulation tables enables configuration of the Numbering Plan and Type on a per call basis, according to destination (or source) number. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 72 (Protocol Definition>MFCR2 operator or subscriber and subscriber priority. The parameter range Category) is 1 – 15, defining one of the R2 MFC tones. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 73: Channel Parameters
T.38 standard FaxRelayRedundancyDepth 0 – 2 (default = 0) (Fax Relay Redundancy Depth) Number of repetitions to be applied to each fax relay payload when transmitting to network (applicable for T.38 and FRF.11 relays) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 74 (V21 Modem Transport Type) 2 = Modem Bypass V22ModemTransportType 0 = Transparent (V22 Modem Transport Type) 2 = Modem Bypass, (default) V23ModemTransportType 0 = Transparent (V23 Modem Transport Type) 2 = Modem Bypass, (default) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 75 (RFC 2833 Payload Type) Range: 96 – 99, 106 – 127; Default = 96 The 100 – 105 range is allocated for 3Com proprietary usage. Cisco uses payload type 101 for RFC 2833. The same payload type should be used for receive and for transmit.
Page 76: Sip Configuration Parameters
19, where there are parameters shown in brackets they refer to the format in the Embedded Web Server The following table provides details on how to use and configure the SIP Gateway parameters. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 77 Applicable only for a single Gateway registration, if AuthenticationMode = Password Password used for BASIC/DIGEST authentication process with a proxy. (Password) Cnonce String used by the SIP Server and client to provide mutual authentication (free format, that is, Cnonce = 0a4f113b). (Cnonce) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 78 NetCoder7_2 NetCoder 7.2 Kbps NetCoder8 NetCoder 8.0 Kbps NetCoder8_8 NetCoder 8.8 Kbps This parameter can appear up to 5 times. SipT1Rtx Timer T1 value for retransmission in ms (SIP T1 Retransmission SipT1Rtx = 500 Timer [ms]) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 79 1 = Remove PSTN prefix (defined in the routing table) from a telephone number of an incoming IP call, before forwarding it to PSTN Applicable only if number manipulation is performed after call routing for IP Tel calls (RouteModeIP2Tel = 0). 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 80 1 = For Tel IP incoming call, Trunk Group ID is added as a prefix to Prefix) destination phone number. Applicable only if Trunk group ID is defined. Used to define various routing rules. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 81 ISDN parameter is configured differently). CAS Gateways play ringback tone to PSTN. PlayRBTone2IP 0 = Do not play (default) (Play Ringback Tone to IP) 1 = The Gateway plays ringback tone to IP after sending SIP 183 session progress response 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 82 48 – 71 for the third span, and 72 – 95 for the fourth span. Starting from version 4.2 Beta it is recommended to use the TrunkGroup parameter instead of ChannelList. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 83 1 = The Gateway responds to a Re-INVITE message with Referred To header to initiates a Call Transfer EnableHold 0 = Hold service disabled (default) (Enable Hold) 1 = Hold service is enabled, held tone is played to holding party 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 84 If the proxy is not responding or if there is a failure in the LAN network, all E1/T1 trunks are automatically put out of service by sending a remote alarm (such as AIS) or service disconnection message for T1 PRI trunks. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 85: Loading Call Progress Tones And E1/T1 Cas Configuration Files
1. CASfilename – This is the name of the file containing specific CAS protocol definition (such as E_M_WinkTable.dat). These files are provided by 3Com to support various types of CAS signaling. CASfilename_x – It is possible to download up to eight different CAS files (x= from 0 through 7), by repeating the CASFileName parameter.
Page 86: The Ini File Structure
The values of file name strings should be placed between two inverted commas (‘…’). For example CallProgressTonesFileName = ‘cpusa.dat’. The parameter field is not case sensitive. The INI file should be ended with one or more carriage returns. The INI file name should not contain spaces. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 87: The Ini File Examples
;BurnCasFile = 1 Excel Utility for INI File Generation The Excel Utility enables easy generation of the VCX V7122/SIP and other 3Com Gateway INI files. To use the Excel utility, first install the Microsoft Office 2000 Excel application. Currently, the utility can be used to generate INI files only for SIP Gateways.
Page 88: General Data Sheet
General Data Sheet General Data Sheet Figure 24 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 89: Sip Parameters Sheet
SIP Parameters Sheet SIP Parameters Sheet Figure 25 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 90: End Points Data Sheet
End Points Data Sheet End Points Data Sheet Figure 26 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 91: Prefix To Ip Routing Table
Prefix to IP Routing Table Routing Table Data Sheet Figure 27 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 92: E1/T1 Parameters Sheet
Tones to be detected/generated by the VCX V7122/SIP Gateway. You can use either one of the configuration files supplied by 3Com, or construct your own file. The Call Progress Tones Configuration File used by the VCX V7122/SIP Gateway is a binary file (with the extension DAT).
Page 93: Format Of The Call Progress Ini File
Second Signal On Time [10 msec] – Signal On period (in 10 ms units) for the second cadence on-off cycle. Second Signal Off Time [10 msec] – Signal Off period (in 10 ms units) for the second cadence on-off cycle. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 94: Default Template For Call Progress Tones
For example, You can define an additional dial tone by appending the second dial tone definition lines to the tone INI file. The VCX V7122/SIP Gateway reports dial tone detection if either of the two tones is detected. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 95 Low Freq [Hz]=480 High Freq [Hz]=620 Low Freq Level [-dBm]=24 High Freq Level [-dBm]=24 First Signal On Time [10msec]=50 First Signal Off Time [10msec]=50 Second Signal On Time [10msec]=50 Second Signal Off Time [10msec]=50 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 96: Call Progress Tone Generation And Download Procedure
Call Progress Tone Generation and Download Procedure To generate and download of the Call Progress Tone file, follow these steps: Prepare the tone.ini file. Use the Download conversion utility to generate binary tone.dat file. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 97 Click Make file and then close the application. Edit the Mediant.ini file and add the following two lines: CallProgressTonesFilename = 'usa_tone.dat' BurnCallProgressTonesFile = 1 Save the usa_tone.dat and Mediant.ini files in TFTP folder. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 98 Set the boot file name in the BootP Server: Mediant.ini, or use a web browser (Network setting page). 10 Activate the BootP and TFTP Servers and reset the VCX V7122/SIP (see “Provisioning for SIP Operation”, describing VCX V7122/SIP provisioning). 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 99: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 100 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 101: Chapter 6: Device Management
MIBs (such as the IP MIB), VoIP-specific MIBs (such as RTP and Trunk) and a proprietary MIB (known also as 3Com MIB) enabling a deeper probe into the inner working of the Gateway. All the supported MIBs files are supplied as part of the release.
Page 102: Snmp Mib Objects
Discrete items by requiring a dot (.) extension to their names that uniquely distinguishes the particular value being referenced. The dot (.) extension is the instance number of an SNMP object. In the case of Discrete objects, this instance 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 103: Snmp Extensibility Feature
NOTIFICATION (Trap) are supported. Traps are received by an SNMP manager using a Network Interface. ACBoardMIB – This 3Com proprietary MIB contains objects related both to the configuration of the Gateway and channels as well as to run-time information. Through this MIB, you can set up the Gateway configuration parameters, reset the Gateway, and monitor the Gateway’s operational robustness and quality of service during run-time.
Page 104: Web Management
Web Management Overview The 3Com VCX V7122/SIP Media Gateway is supplied with an integrated web server to be used both for device configuration and for run-time monitoring. The 3Com Embedded Web Server enables users equipped with no more than a standard...
Page 105: Security Preferences
To access the Embedded Web Server, follow these steps: Open any standard Web-browsing application such as Microsoft Internet Explorer (Version 5.0 and higher) or Netscape Navigator (Version 7.0 and higher). Some javascript applications are not supported by Netscape. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 106: Quick Setup Configuration Parameters
To configure the device’s parameters, you can either use the Quick Setup menu or go directly to Advanced Configuration and Protocol Management menus. Quick Setup provides a minimal set of Gateway configuration settings. Click the Quick Setup button. See, “Quick Setup Procedure”, on page 38. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 107: Protocol Management Menu
To access the device’s Protocol Management parameters from the main menu list on the left, click Protocol Management. The Protocol Management Parameters screen with the sub-menu bar on the top opens. Protocol Management Menu Figure 33 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 108: Protocol Definition
Supplementary Services Parameters. These parameters enable Call Hold/Unhold and Call Transfer services shown in Figure ISDN and CAS Parameters, shown in Figure Other Miscellaneous parameters, shown in Figure 40 General, Proxy Server and Authentication Parameters Figure 34 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 109 VoIP Coders Figure 35 Early Media Parameters Figure 36 Number of Manipulation and Routing Modes Figure 37 Supplementary Services Figure 38 ISDN and CAS Parameters Figure 39 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 110 Number Manipulation Tables Manipulation Tables define four manipulation tables used to modify destination and source numbers in IP Tel and Tel IP directions. Manipulation table for IP Tel calls is shown in Figure 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 111 On the sub-menu bar on the top, click Tel to IP Routing. The Tel to IP Routing screen opens. Define the appropriate routing rules (see the following figure). Click Submit. The Gateway updates automatically. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 112 On the sub-menu bar on the top, click IP to Trunk Routing. The IP to Trunk Routing screen opens. Define the appropriate routing rules (see the following figure). Click Submit. The Gateway updates automatically. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 113: Advanced Configuration Menu
To access the Advanced Configuration menu, follow these steps: To access the device’s Advanced Configuration parameters from the main menu list on the left, click Advanced Configuration. The Advanced Configuration Parameters screen with the sub-menu bar on the top opens. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 114 SNMP settings RTP settings, including RTP base UDP port and IP TOS and Precedence QOS parameters Ethernet LAN Status (monitor only) At the bottom of the screen, click Submit. The screen is refreshed. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 115 Input and Output voice gain, Jitter buffer characteristics, and Modem, Fax, and DTMF transport modes. These parameters apply to all Gateway ports. At the bottom of the screen, click Submit. The screen is refreshed. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 116 After a trunk is stopped; the Stop Trunk button in the bottom of the page disappears and Apply Trunk Settings and Apply to all Trunks buttons replace it. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 117 For CAS protocols, you must select CAS Protocol Type (T1 CAS or E1 CAS R2). In addition, You must download the correct signaling CAS.dat file using HTTP (“HTTP Download”) or using the TFTP procedure. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 118 After modifying any of the parameters, click Apply; the screen is refreshed. To commit the changes to the Flash memory, in the main menu on the left, click Reset and restart the system. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 119 Use the Browse button to locate the predefined INI file. Click Send File. The INI file is sent to the board; overwriting the previous one. A notification opens informing that the download was successful. Restart the Gateway. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 120 Click the Set Date & Time button. The date and time is set on the board accordingly. The screen is refreshed and a message opens indicating the wait to complete. Change Password To change the user name and/or password, follow these steps: 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 121: Status And Diagnostic Menu
To access the Status and Diagnostics menu, from the main menu list on the left, click the Status & Diagnostics button. The Status and Diagnostics screen with the sub-menu bar on the top opens. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 122 Selecting any channel provides detailed information on that channel, shown in Figure 55. Selecting each of the sub menus shows the active channel configuration of each section and the values of its relevant parameters. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 123 Trunk and Channel Status Color Indicator Key Figure 54 Channel Status Figure 55 Message Log The Message Log provides debug messages (similar to the syslog). It is useful in pursuing troubleshooting issues. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 124: Software Update Menu
Software Update Menu The Software Update screen offers two options for downloading current software update files: TFTP and HTTP. In addition the License screen is provided for users to enter their updated license keys. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 125 Figure 59 Enter the relevant values in the fields and click Reset, a dialog box opens to confirm the reset action; the server loads the ram.cmp, INI file and other configuration files (as 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 126 The License screen allows the user to enter an updated license key. To use the License screen, follow these steps: On the sub-menu bar on the top, click License. The License screen appears. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 127 License Screen Figure 61 In the New Key field, enter the updated license key supplied by 3Com. Click Add Key. The new key information overwrites the previous key installed on the computer. The new key is displayed in the Current Key field. Information about the key and software limitations is displayed in the Status field.
Page 128: Save Configuration
To access the Save Configuration menu, from the main menu list on the left, click Save Configuration. The Save Configuration screen is displayed. Click Save Configuration. The new information is saved to the Flash memory on the board. A message informing you that it has been saved appears. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 129: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 130 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 131: Chapter 7: Diagnostics
IAGNOSTICS Diagnostics Overview 3com provides the following diagnostic tools to identify an error condition and provide a solution or work around when using the VCX V7122/SIP Gateway. LED Indication of Gateway status, E1/T1 signals, LAN status, and cPCI status tools...
Page 132: Snmp Traps
E1/T1 cable, in the VCX V7122/SIP or at the remote side. SNMP Traps 3COM VoIPLib supports Trunk MIB traps according to RFC 2495. For documentation on SNMP event errors, go to the IETF web site at URI http://www.ietf.org/rfc/ and open RFC 2495.
Page 133: Vcx V7122/Sip Self-Testing
This number is known as the Priority and represents both the Facility and Severity. The Priority number consists of one, two, or three decimal integers. Example <37> Oct 11 16:00:15 mymachine su: 'su root' failed for lonvick on /dev/pts/8 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 134: Syslog Operation
SysLog Operation Sending the SysLog Messages The 3Com SysLog client, embedded in the firmware of the VCX V7122/SIP, sends error reports/events generated by the VCX V7122/SIP unit application to a SysLog Server, using IP/UDP protocol. 3Com does not provide a SysLog Server. Examples of SysLog Servers...
Page 135: Solutions To Possible Problems
Check if BootP Server replied to the Gateway at restart. It is seen in the log of BootP Server. Try to restart BootP Server. Check the MAC address of the Gateway in BootP Server. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 136 INI file before it began. INI file corrupted Check INI file syntax. BootP reply Other BootP Servers contain MAC Check that only your BootP Server contains VCX from wrong address of Gateway V7122/SIP MAC address. BootP Server 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 137: Possible Voice Problems
Check that packet period in remote side is 20 ms. (with G.711) Check that the correct µ-law or A-law compression is in use. No voice There is no match in codecs Change codec definition. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 138: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 139: Chapter 8: Specifications
G.711 PCM at 64 Kbps µ-law/A-law G.723.1 MP-MLQ/ ACELP at 6.3/5.3 Kbps G.726/G.727 16 – 40 Kbps ADPCM and E-ADPCM G.729A CS-ACELP at 8 Kbps NetCoder at 6.4 – 9.6 Kbps, 800 bps increments (3Com proprietary coder) Silence G.723.1 Annex A Suppression G.729 Annex B...
Page 140 Two 50-pin female Telco connectors (DDK 57AE-40500-21D) or 8 RJ-48c – 16 connectors for trunks 1 – 8 only Ethernet 1 and 2 Two 10/100 Base-T, RJ-45 shielded connectors AC Power Standard IEC320 Appliance inlet Dual version fully redundant 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 141 NEBS Level 3: GR-63-Core, GR-1089-Core, Type 1 and 3. Approved for DC powered version. Complies with ETS 301019; ETS 300019-1, -2, -3. (T 1.1, T 2.3, T3.2). Approved for AC or DC powered versions. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 142 E1/T1 status LEDs LAN status Gateway status (Fail, ACT, Power, and Swap Ready) SysLog events Supported by SysLog Server, per RFC 3164 IETF standard. SNMP MIBs and Supported by any MIB browser/SNMP manager. Traps 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 143: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 144 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 145: Appendix A: Boot P/Tftp Configuration Utility
ONFIGURATION TILITY Introduction The 3Com BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility enables easy configuration and provisioning of 3Com products. It contains BootP and TFTP servers with specific adaptations to 3Com requirements. Key Features Internal BootP server supporting hundreds of entities Internal TFTP server...
Page 146: Specifications
To install the BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility, unzip the TP3.810.exe file and navigate to the BootP *.exe file. The installation procedure is facilitated by prompts. After completing the procedure, open Start>Programs>BootP; the BootP/TFTP Server main screen opens. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 147: Logging Screen
Logging Screen The 3Com BootP/TFTP Configuration Utility main screen (Figure 62 on page 149) includes the Log line, printed per BootP request with the following parameters: Hardware (MAC) address Status (found or not found in cache) Date and Time Assigned IP address (if found) Client name Clicking on Log line shows all BootP reply parameters or enables entry to a new entity.
Page 148: Template Window
Template Window The Template Window (Figure 65 on page 154) enables you to add, modify, or delete templates. The template includes: Subnet. Gateway, TFTP server BootFile INI file Server IP 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 149: Window Details
Filter Unknown Clients Button – This button filters all BootP requests that are not in the client configuration list. Reset Button –This button opens a dialog box, where you can enter an IP of a client. The program sends a reset command to that client. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 150: Preferences Window
MAC filled out. You must only fill in the remaining fields. Preferences Window In the Preferences window, Figure 63, BootP and TFTP configuration parameters are defined. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 151 Gateway is installed behind a Firewall that blocks BootP broadcast requests. In a typical application, this feature can be disabled by entering 0 in this field. When selected, several BootP replies are sent to the Gateway immediately after the remote reset command. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 152: Client Configuration Window
Client Name – Free text for client description. Template – The template to be used for this client. When a template is selected, its parameters override all of the previous parameters. IP, Subnet, Gateway – Normal IP parameters. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 153: Templates Window
Templates window, which provides a fast way to configure a number of clients that have the same parameters (except for the IP address). To use the Templates window, create a template, and then apply the template to the client by selecting it. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 154 Templates Window Figure 65 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 155: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 156 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 157: Appendix B: Rtp/Rtcp Payload Types
PPENDIX AYLOAD YPES RTP Payload Types are defined in RFC 1889 and RFC 1890. 3Com has added new payload types to enable advanced use of other coder types. These types are reportedly not used by other applications. See the VCX V7122/SIP Release Notes for the supported coders.
Page 158: 3Com Defined Payload Types
NetCoder 8.8 Kbps NetCoder 9.6 Kbps Transparent PCM DTMF relay per RFC 2833 DTMF relay (non standard) Fax Relay Different packet rates Fax Bypass Modem Bypass RFC2198 (Redundancy) Same as channel’s voice coder 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 159: Appendix C: Default Rtp/Rtcp/T.38 Port Allocation
6060 6061 6062 6070 6071 6072 6000 + 10(n-1) 6001 + 10(n-1) 6002 + 10(n-1) 6950 6951 6952 7190 7191 7192 7910 7911 7912 8390 8391 8392 9830 9831 9832 10790 10791 10792 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 160: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 161: Appendix D: Dtmf, Fax , And Modem Transport Modes
UseT38orFRF11.) Configuring Fax Relay Mode When FaxTransportType= 1 (relay mode), then when fax is detected the channel automatically switches from the current voice coder to answer tone mode, and then to fax 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 162: Configuring Fax/Modem Bypass Mode
V.34 fax machine support is available only in bypass mode (fax relay is not supported) when the channel is configured in one of the following configurations: FaxTransportMode = 2 (Bypass) V34ModemTransportType = 2 (Modem bypass) 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 163 In order to use V.34 fax in Relay mode (T.38), you must configure: FaxTransportMode = 1 (Relay) V34ModemTransportType = 0 (Transparent) V32ModemTransportType = 0 V23ModemTransportType = 0 V22ModemTransportType = 0 V21ModemTransportType = 0 This configuration forces the V.34 fax machine to work in T.30 mode. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 164: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 165: E: Vcx V7122 Clock Settings
TDMBusLocalReference = # (Trunk index: from 0 through 7, default = 0) To configure the TDM Bus Clock Source parameter from a web browser, it is needed to enter after Gateway IP address the string TDMBusSettings, such as http://10.8.8.101/TDMBusSettings. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 166: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 167: Onfiguration
To configure the Windows NT DHCP server, follow these steps: After starting the system, DHCP Manager opens: Scope Menu Figure 66 Select Add Reservations from the Scope menu; the Add Reserved Clients screen opens. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 168 Add Reserved Clients Figure 67 Enter the IP address you want to provide to the 3Com Gateway. The IP address reservation should be inside your DHCP scope. Enter the hardware MAC address, 12 digits, from your 3Com Gateway. Enter Client name; it can be any free text.
Page 169 Active Leases Select Screen Figure 68 The Active Leases screen opens the following selection box: Active Leases Selection Box Figure 69 Click Properties. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 170 The file ram.hex is a loadable software image file. The file ram.cmp is a compressed version of the ram.hex, enabling faster download and reduced file size. The ram.cmp is the only version that can be burned to the flash memory. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 171 Reservation screen under Active Options, as the following figure shows: Active Options Figure 72 12 Select the 003 Router field and click Value. 13 Edit the IP Address Array in the IP Address Array Editor screen. 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 172: Reader's Notes
Reader's Notes 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...
Page 173: Register Your Product To Gain Service Benefits
To take advantage of warranty and other service benefits, you must first register your product at: http://esupport.3com.com/ 3Com eSupport services are based on accounts that are created or that you are authorized to access. Solve Problems Online 3Com offers these support tools: 3Com Knowledgebase —...
Page 174: Access Software Downloads
3Com as a separately ordered product. Separately orderable software releases and licenses are listed in the 3Com Price List and are available for purchase from your 3Com reseller.
Page 175 To send a product directly to 3Com for repair, you must first obtain a return materials authorization number (RMA). Products sent to 3Com without authorization numbers clearly marked on the outside of the package will be returned to the sender unopened, at the sender's expense.
Page 176: Om Products
English speakers in Latin America, send e-mail to: lat_support_anc@3com.com US and Canada — Telephone Technical Support and Repair All locations: Network Jacks; Wired or Wireless Network Interface Cards: 1 847-262-0070 All other 3Com products: 1 800 876 3266 3Com VCX V7122/SIP VoIP Gateway User Manual...

3Com VCX V7122 SIP User Manual

Chapter 1: Overview of the VCX V7122

Chapter 2: Hardware Installation

Chapter 3: Software Installation

Chapter 4: Profile , Operation , and Configuration

Chapter 5: Provisioning

Chapter 6: Device Management

Chapter 7: Diagnostics

Chapter 8: Specifications

Appendix A: Boot P/Tftp Configuration Utility

Appendix B: Rtp/Rtcp Payload Types

Appendix C: Default Rtp/Rtcp/T.38 Port Allocation

Appendix D: Dtmf, Fax , and Modem Transport Modes

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