Adobe AFTER EFFECTS 5.5 Help Manual page 142

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To reverse a layer's playback direction without reversing the order of its keyframes, use
time-remapping to reverse the layer (see "About time-remapping" on page 142).
About time-remapping
In After Effects you can easily expand, compress, play backwards, or freeze a portion of a
layer's duration using a process known as time-remapping. For example, if you are using
footage of a person tearing a movie ticket, you can play footage of the tearing, freeze the
motion as the ticket is torn halfway, and then play a few frames backwards to make the
ticket appear whole again.
Footage is usually displayed at a constant speed in one direction.
Time-remapping distorts time for a range of frames within a layer.
You can also time-remap layers containing audio or both audio and video. When you
apply time-remap to a layer containing audio and video, the audio and video remain
synchronized. You can remap audio files to gradually decrease or increase the pitch, play
audio backwards, or create a warbled or scratchy sound.
You can remap time in either the Layer window or the Timeline window. Remapping video
in one window displays the results in both windows. Each window provides a different
view of the layer duration:
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