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Chapter 5 ENGINE OIL
Handling Engine Oil
Before filling the engine with engine oil, stop the engine and make sure there are no open flames and other fire
hazards near the engine. Leaked or spilled oil on hot surfaces or electrical components can cause a fire. Wipe off
any spilled oil immediately and thoroughly. After filling oil, securely close the filler cap.
When handling a large amount of engine oil more than the legally specified quantities, be sure to have the work per-
formed by a service station operated under the provision of the law. When removing oil from the engine or oil can,
use an oil pump. Do not siphon oil with a pipe using your mouth.
Be sure to close the cap on the oil can after use.
Keep oil in a well-ventilated place and out of direct sunlight.
Be sure to obtain the MSDS of the engine oil and follow the instructions of the MSDS.
Service Limits of Engine Oil
Engine oil degrades through the use and by lapse of time.
The quality of engine oil and the operating condition of the engine have influence on deterioration of the engine oil.
Change the engine oil in accordance with Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE. However, only if engine oil ana-
lyze result allows, oil replacement interval may be changed.
Refer to the following table for the determination of engine oil performance. If any of the following properties
exceeds the limit, replace the engine oil with new oil.
Properties
mm
Kinetic viscosity
@100°C
[212 °F]
Base number
mgKOH/g
Acid number
mgKOH/g
Water content
Vol %
Flash point
°C [°F]
(Open cup)
Pentane insolu-
Wt %
bles
Pentane Insoluble
Wt %
Coagulated
5-4
Table 5-2 Table of Engine Oil Properties
Standard
For main engine/
2
/s
main generator
For emergency
generator
2.0 or more by hydrochloric acid (HCL) method
1/2 of new oil or more by perchloric acid (PCA) method
+30 % or less rate of change from new oil
10 mm
2
/s [0.155 in
2
+30 % or less rate of change from new oil
-20 % or less rate of change from new oil
+3.0 of new oil or less
0.2 or less
180 [356] or higher
0.5 or less
3.0 or less
Test method
JIS K 2283
/s] or more
ISO 3107
ISO 2909
JIS K 2501
ISO 3771
JIS K 2501
ISO 3771
JIS K 2275
ISO 9029
JIS K 2265
ISO 3769
ISO 2719
Compliant to
ASTM D 893
Compliant to
ASTM D 893
:2007
:2003
:2003
:1996
:2007
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