Battery Charge Voltages Too High; Battery Unable To Deal With Equalization; Battery Old Or Faulty - Victron energy SmartSolar MPPT 150/45 Manual

MPPT solar charger manual
The solar charger automatically detects the battery voltage on first install and after the self-detection is disabled. This can become
a problem if a solar charger that came out of a 24V system is now used in an 12V system.
In that scenario it will not detect that the system has changed and will keep charging with 24V battery charge voltages, while the
connected battery is a 12V battery and the 12V battery will be overcharged.
Some background on why this is: In the very early days, the solar charger would always automatically detect the battery voltage,
but this was problematic in case the battery was disconnected often, for example by a BMS. This feature has since been changed
to detect the voltage only once on first install.
To check the "battery voltage" setting use the VictronConnect App or a connected display. If set incorrectly, set it to the correct
battery voltage.

9.4.2. Battery charge voltages too high

If the battery charge voltages are set too high this will cause the batteries to overcharge.
Check if all the battery charge voltages (absorption and float) are set correctly.
The charge voltages have to match the recommended voltages as stated in the battery manufacturers documentation.

9.4.3. Battery unable to deal with equalization

During equalization the battery charge voltage will be quite high and if the battery is unsuitable to be equalized, the battery will be
overcharged.
Not all batteries can be charged with equalization voltages. Check with the battery manufacturer if the battery you are using
needs a periodic equalizing charge.
Generally speaking, sealed batteries and lithium batteries cannot be equalized.

9.4.4. Battery old or faulty

A battery that is at the end of its service life or has been damaged by incorrect use, can be prone to being overcharged.
A battery contains a number of cells that are connected in series. When a battery is old or has been damaged, a likely scenario is
that one of these cells is not operational anymore.
When the faulty battery is charged, the damaged cell will not accept charge and the remaining cells will receive the broken cell's
charge voltage and thus will be overcharged.
To fix this, replace the battery. In case of multiple battery system replace the whole battery bank. It is not recommended to mix
batteries of different ages in one battery bank.
It is hard to tell what has exactly happened to a battery during its lifetime. The solar charger will keep 30 day of battery voltage
history. If the system also contains a battery monitor, or if the system is connected to VRM, the battery voltages and the cycle
history of the battery can be accessed This will give a complete picture of the battery history and it can be determined if the
battery is near the end of its service life or has been abused.
VictronConnect app showing BMV battery monitor history
Page 49 Troubleshooting and Support