Fluke Hart Scientific 7100 User Manual
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Fluke Hart Scientific 7100 User Manual

Fluke Hart Scientific 7100 User Manual

Calibration bath
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Hart Scientific
7100
Calibration Bath
User's Guide
Rev. 811001

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Summary of Contents for Fluke Hart Scientific 7100

  • Page 1 Hart Scientific 7100 Calibration Bath User's Guide Rev. 811001...
  • Page 2 Limited Warranty & Limitation of Liability Each product from Fluke Corporation’s Hart Scientific Division (“Hart”) is warranted to be free from de- fects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period is one year for the Calibration Bath.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents 1 Before You Start ......1 Symbols Used ......1 Safety Information .
  • Page 4 Back Panel......23 Lid ........25 Fluid Level Adapter .
  • Page 5 9.10 Probe Parameters ......46 9.10.1 R0 ........46 9.10.2 ALPHA .
  • Page 6 Figures Figure 1 Bath Assembly ......7 Figure 2 Semi-hermetic Compressor ..... . . 12 Figure 3 Front Panel .
  • Page 7 Tables Table 1 International Electrical Symbols ..... 1 Table 2 Table of Bath Fluids and Their Characteristics ... . . 32 Table 3 Proportional Band —...

  • Page 8: Before You Start

    1 Before You Start Symbols Used Before You Start Symbols Used Table 1 lists the International Electrical Symbols. Some or all of these symbols may be used on the instrument or in this manual. Table 1 International Electrical Symbols Symbol Description AC (Alternating Current) AC-DC...

  • Page 9: Safety Information

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Symbol Description Canadian Standards Association OVERVOLTAGE (Installation) CATEGORY II, Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010-1 re- fers to the level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided. Equipment of OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy-consuming equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation.
  • Page 10 1 Before You Start Safety Information period of 2 hours before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety re- quirements of the IEC 1010-1. If the product is wet or has been in a wet environment, take necessary measures to remove moisture prior to apply- ing power such as storage in a low humidity temperature chamber operat- ing at 50°C for 4 hours or more.

  • Page 11: Cautions

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide BATH FLUIDS • Fluids used in this bath may produce noxious or toxic fumes under certain circumstances. Consult the fluid manufacturer’s MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet). Proper ventilation and safety precautions must be observed. • The instrument is equipped with a soft cutout (user settable firmware) and a hard cutout (set at the factory).

  • Page 12: Authorized Service Centers

    Voltage Cut In: ±7.5% (213 - 247 VAC) Authorized Service Centers Please contact one of the following authorized Service Centers to coordinate service on your Hart product: Fluke Corporation, Hart Scientific Division 799 E. Utah Valley Drive American Fork, UT 84003-9775 Phone: +1.801.763.1600 Telefax: +1.801.763.1010...
  • Page 13 22 Jianguomenwai Dajie Chao Yang District Beijing 100004, PRC CHINA Phone: +86-10-6-512-3436 Telefax: +86-10-6-512-3437 E-mail: xingye.han@fluke.com.cn Fluke South East Asia Pte Ltd. Fluke ASEAN Regional Office Service Center 60 Alexandra Terrace #03-16 The Comtech (Lobby D) 118502 SINGAPORE Phone: +65 6799-5588 Telefax: +65 6799-5588 E-mail: antng@singa.fluke.com...

  • Page 14: Introduction

    2 Introduction Introduction The Hart Scientific 7100 is a very precise constant temperature bath. The bath is specially designed for low temperature applications. An innovative state of the art solid-state temperature controller has been incorporated which maintains the bath temperature with extreme stability. The controller uses a microproces- sor to execute the many operating functions.

  • Page 15: Specifications And Environmental Conditions

    3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions Specifications Specifications and Environmental Conditions Specifications Operating Range –100°C to 110°C (–148°F to 230°F) Set-point Accuracy ±1°C Stability ±0.008°C at –100°C (methanol) Uniformity ±0.005°C at –100°C (methanol) Tank Capacity 4.8 gal. (18 liters) Work area 3.8"...
  • Page 16 7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide • pressure: 75kPa–106kPa • mains voltage within ±10% of nominal • vibrations in the calibration environment should be minimized • altitude does not effect the performance or safety of the unit...

  • Page 17: Quick Start

    4 Quick Start Unpacking Quick Start CAUTION: READ SECTION 6 ENTITLED BATH USE before placing the bath in service. Incorrect handling can damage the bath and void the war- ranty. This section gives a brief summary of the steps required to set up and operate the 7100 bath.

  • Page 18: Power

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide TOP VIEW OF COMPRESSOR Adjust HARDWARE ADJUSTED FOR SHIPPING Adjust BACK OF BATH HARDWARE ADJUSTED FOR OPERATION Figure 2 Semi-hermetic Compressor tion5 for detailed instructions for proper installation of the bath. Be sure to place the bath in a safe, clean and level location. Fill the bath tank with an appropriate fluid.

  • Page 19: Setting The Temperature

    4 Quick Start Setting the Temperature Setting the Temperature In the following discussion and throughout this manual a button around the word SET, UP, EXIT or DOWN indicates the panel button while the dotted box indicates the display reading. Explanation of the button or display reading are to the right of each button or display value.
  • Page 20 7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide The bath heats or cools until it reaches the new set-point temperature. Set the heater switch to position “HIGH” to allow the bath to more quickly reach a higher temperature. The “HIGH” setting may be necessary to reach and control at some temperatures.

  • Page 21: Installation

    5 Installation Bath Environment Installation CAUTION: READ SECTION6 ENTITLED BATH USE before placing the bath in service. Incorrect handling can damage the bath and void the war- ranty. This bath is not designed to be portable. Therefore, moving the bath once it has been installed should be kept to a minimum.

  • Page 22: Bath Preparation And Filling

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Bath Preparation and Filling The 7100 Bath is not provided with a fluid. Various fluids are available from Hart Scientific and other sources. Depending on the desired temperature range, any of the following fluids, as well as others, may be used in the bath: •...
  • Page 23 5 Installation Power BROWN – 230 VAC, 60 Hz (50 Hz) line 1 BLUE – 230 VAC, 60 Hz (50 Hz) line 2 GREEN/YELLOW – Ground NOTE: Units are specific to line frequency. They are either 50 or 60 Hz NOT BOTH.

  • Page 24: Bath Use

    6 Bath Use General Bath Use CAUTION: READ THIS SECTION BEFORE PLACING THE BATH IN SERVICE The information in this section is for general information only. It is not de- signed to be the basis for calibration laboratory procedures. Each laboratory will need to write their own specific procedures.

  • Page 25: Calibration Of Multiple Probes

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide the same time. However, stem effect from different types of probes is not to- tally eliminated. Even though all baths have horizontal and vertical gradients, these gradients are minimized inside the bath work area. Nevertheless, probes should be inserted to the same depth in the bath liquid.

  • Page 26: Parts And Controls

    7 Parts and Controls Front Control Panel Parts and Controls Front Control Panel The following controls and indicators are present on the controller front panel (see Figure 3 below): (1) the digital LED display, (2) the control buttons, (3) the bath on/off power switch, (4) the control indicator light, (5) the heater power switch, and (6) the cooling power switch.

  • Page 27: Refrigeration Controls

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide SET – Used to display the next parameter in a menu and to set parameters to the displayed value. DOWN – Used to decrement the displayed value of settable parameters. UP – Used to increment the displayed value. EXIT –...

  • Page 28: Back Panel

    7 Parts and Controls Back Panel Desired Bath Temp. Expansion Valve Pres- Cooling sure Power Switch °C °F PSIG Position –35 –31 –40 –40 –45 –49 HIGH –50 –58 HIGH –55 –67 HIGH –60 –76 HIGH –65 –85 HIGH –70 –94 HIGH –75...

  • Page 29: Figure 4 Back Panel

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Figure 4 Back Panel 6) If the bath is supplied with a GPIB IEEE-488 interface, the interface ca- ble is attached to the back of the bath at the connector labelled “IEEE-488”. 7) The terminal box holds the wires for connecting the bath to AC power. The bath requires 230 VAC (±10%), 60 Hz, 20 A.

  • Page 30: Lid

    7 Parts and Controls WARNING: Extreme caution must be maintained to prevent harm to the user or the surrounding environment. Do not exceed a 120°C fluid temper- ature for draining. The valve could be damaged if 120°C is exceeded. Insulate the container from the floor or other objects that may be damaged by high temperatures as required.

  • Page 31: Fluid Level Adapter

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide 1) The access hole in the lid may be used for filling the bath and inserting devices into the bath. Normally this hole should be covered to insulate the bath. Covers may be purchased separately from Hart Scientific. 2) The motor on the lid drives the stirrer on the standard lid and the pump on the optional pump lid.

  • Page 32: General Operation

    8 General Operation Bath Heat Transfer Fluid General Operation Bath Heat Transfer Fluid Many fluids will work with 7100 bath. Choosing a fluid requires consideration of many important characteristics of the fluid. Among these are temperature range, viscosity, specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, electri- cal resistivity, fluid lifetime, safety, and cost.

  • Page 33: Thermal Conductivity

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide 8.1.4 Thermal Conductivity Thermal conductivity measures how easily heat flows through the fluid. Ther- mal conductivity of the fluid affects the control stability, temperature unifor- mity, and temperature settling time. Fluids with higher conductivity distribute heat more quickly and evenly improving bath performance.

  • Page 34: Cost

    8 General Operation Bath Heat Transfer Fluid always the lower of the two. The closed cup represents the contained vapors in- side the tank and the open cup represents the vapors escaping the tank. Oxygen and an ignition source will be less available inside the tank. Environmentally hazardous fluids require special disposal according to applica- ble federal or local laws after use.

  • Page 35: Halocarbon 0.8

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide approximately 95% methanol and 5% water by volume or approximately 93% methanol and 7% water by weight. The viscosity is quite acceptable from –80°C up. A mixture of 50/50 methanol and water provides a non-flammable solution capable of attaining –40°C.

  • Page 36: Fluid Characteristics Charts

    8 General Operation Bath Heat Transfer Fluid 8.1.11 Fluid Characteristics Charts Table 2 and Figure 7 on pages 32 and 33 have been created to provide help in selecting a heat exchange fluid media for your constant temperature bath. The charts provide both a visual and numerical representation of most of the physi- cal qualities important in making a selection.

  • Page 37: Table 2 Table Of Bath Fluids And Their Characteristics

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Table 2 Table of Bath Fluids and Their Characteristics Fluid Lower Upper Thermal Thermal (# = Hart Part No.) Temperature Temperature Flash Viscosity Specific Specific Heat Conductivity Expansion Resistivity Ω-cm ) Limit* Limit* Point (centistokes) Gravity (cal/g/°C) (cal/s/cm/°C)

  • Page 38: Stirring

    8 General Operation Stirring –100°C 0°C 100°C 200°C 300°C 400°C 500°C 600°C Silicone Oil FL 302°C 10 CS 5017 Silicone Oil FL 280°C 10 CS 5014 Silicone Oil FL 232°C 10 CS 5013 Silicone Oil FL 211°C 5012 10 CS Silicone Oil FL 133°C 5010...

  • Page 39: Power

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Power Power to the bath is provided by an AC mains supply of 230 VAC (±10%), 60 Hz, 20 A (50 Hz optional). Power to the bath passes through a filter to prevent switching spikes from being transmitted to other equipment. To turn on the bath switch the control panel power switch to the ON position.

  • Page 40: Temperature Controller

    8 General Operation Temperature Controller and limit the life of the system. The first stage must run several minutes before the seond stage starts. The second stage is cooled by the first via the heat exchange of the cascade condenser. The refrigerant is ethylene (cp grade) and propane (cp grade). The system is statically charged.
  • Page 41 7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide equipped with a separate thermocouple temperature monitoring circuit that shuts off the heater if the temperature exceeds the cut-out set-point. The controller allows the operator to set the bath temperature with high resolu- tion, set the cut-out, adjust the proportional band, monitor the heater output power, and program the controller configuration and calibration parameters.

  • Page 42: Controller Operation

    9 Controller Operation Bath Temperature Controller Operation This section discusses in detail how to operate the bath temperature controller using the front control panel. Using the front panel key switches and LED dis- play the user may monitor the bath temperature, set the temperature set-point in degrees C or F, monitor the heater output power, adjust the controller propor- tional band, set the cut-out set-point, and program the probe calibration param- eters, operating parameters, serial and IEEE-488 interface configuration, and...

  • Page 43: Figure 8 Controller Operation Flowchart

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Display Secondary Functions Temperature EXIT Display Power EXIT Reset Cutout EXIT Cutout Active EXIT Set Proportional Band Select Setpoint EXIT Set Cutout Temp. EXIT EXIT Adjust Setpoint Adjust Vernier EXIT EXIT Set Scale °C/°F EXIT Configuration Menu EXIT EXIT...

  • Page 44: Temperature Set-Point

    9 Controller Operation Temperature Set-point Cut-out reset function rESEt ? Press “SET” once more to reset the cut-out. Reset cut-out The display is also switched to the set temperature function. To return to dis- playing the temperature press the “EXIT” button. If the cut-out is still in the over-temperature fault condition the display continues to flash “cut-out”.

  • Page 45: Set-Point Value

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Press “SET” to accept the new selection and access the set-point value. Accept selected set-point memory 9.3.2 Set-point Value The set-point value may be adjusted after selecting the set-point memory and pressing “SET”. The set-point value is displayed with the units, C or F, at the left.

  • Page 46: Temperature Scale Units

    9 Controller Operation Temperature Scale Units New vernier setting 0.00090 Next press “EXIT” to return to the temperature display or “SET” to access the temperature scale units selection. Access scale units Temperature Scale Units The temperature scale units of the controller may be set by the user to degrees Celsius (°C) or Fahrenheit (°F).

  • Page 47: Secondary Menu

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide New units selected Un= F Press “SET” to accept the new selection and resume displaying the bath temperature. Set the new units and resume temperature display Secondary Menu Functions which are used less often are accessed within the secondary menu. The secondary menu is accessed by pressing “SET”...

  • Page 48: Figure 9 Bath Temperature Fluctuations At Various Proportional Band Settings

    9 Controller Operation Proportional Band tom of the proportional band the heater output is 100%. At the top of the pro- portional band the heater output is 0. Thus as the bath temperature rises the heater power is reduced, which consequently tends to lower the temperature back down.

  • Page 49: Proportional Band - Fluid Table

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide tional band settings for optimum performance with a variety of fluids at se- lected temperatures. The proportional band adjustment may be accessed within the secondary menu. Press “SET” and “EXIT” to enter the secondary menu and show the heater power.

  • Page 50: Cut-Out

    9 Controller Operation Cut-out To accept the new setting and access the cut-out set-point press “SET”. Press- ing “EXIT” exits the secondary menu ignoring any changes just made to the proportional band value. Accept the new proportional band setting Cut-out As a protection against software or hardware fault, shorted heater triac, or user error, the bath is equipped with an adjustable heater cut-out device that shuts off power to the heater if the bath temperature exceeds a set value.

  • Page 51: Controller Configuration

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide To change the cut-out set-point press “UP” or “DOWN”. Decrement display New cut-out set-point CO= 95C To accept the new cut-out set-point press “SET”. Accept cut-out set-point The next function is the configuration menu. Press “EXIT” to resume display- ing the bath temperature.

  • Page 52: Alpha

    9 Controller Operation Operating Parameters 9.10.2 ALPHA This probe parameter refers to the average sensitivity of the probe between 0 –1 and 100°C. Normally this is set for 0.00385°C 9.11 Operating Parameters The operating parameters menu is indicated by, Operating parameters menu Press “SET”...

  • Page 53: Sample Period

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide The baud rate parameter is indicated by, Serial baud rate parameter BAUd Press “SET” to choose to set the baud rate. The current baud rate value will then be displayed. Current baud rate 1200 b The baud rate of the bath serial communications may be programmed to 300,600,1200, or 2400 baud.

  • Page 54: Linefeed

    9 Controller Operation IEEE-488 Parameters Serial duplex mode parameter dUPL Press “SET” to access the mode setting. Current duplex mode setting dUP=FULL The mode may be changed using “UP” or “DOWN” and pressing “SET”. New duplex mode setting dUP=HALF 9.12.4 Linefeed The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode.

  • Page 55: Calibration Parameters

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Current IEEE-488 interface address Add= 22 Adjust the value with “UP” or “DOWN” and then use “SET” to set the address to the displayed value. New IEEE-488 interface address Add= 15 9.14 Calibration Parameters The operator of the bath controller has access to a number of the bath calibra- tion constants namely CTO, B0, BG, H, and L.

  • Page 56: Digital Communication Interface

    10 Digital Communication Interface Serial Communications Digital Communication Interface If supplied with the option, the 7100 bath is capable of communicating with and being controlled by other equipment through the digital interface. Two types of digital interface are available — the RS-232 serial interface and the IEEE-488 GPIB interface.

  • Page 57: Wiring

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide 10.1.1 Wiring The serial communications cable attaches to the bath through the DB-9 connector at the back of the instrument. Figure 10 shows the pin-out of this connector and sug- gested cable wiring. To elim- inate noise, the serial cable should be shielded with low resistance between the con-...

  • Page 58: Duplex Mode

    10 Digital Communication Interface IEEE-488 Communication (optional) measurements transmitted from the serial interface. If the sample rate is set to 5, the bath transmits the current measurement over the serial interface approxi- mately every five seconds. The automatic sampling is disabled with a sample period of 0.

  • Page 59: Ieee-488 Interface Address

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide “SET” to enter the IEEE-488 parameter menu. The IEEE-488 menu contains the IEEE-488 address parameter. 10.2.1.1 IEEE-488 Interface Address The IEEE-488 address is prompted with “AddrESS”. Press “SET” to program the address. The default address is 22. Change the device address of the bath if necessary to match the address used by the communication equipment by pressing “UP”...

  • Page 60: Communication Commands

    10 Digital Communication Interface Power Control Functions Table 4 Communication Commands Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values Display Temperature Read current set-point s[etpoint] set: 9999.99 {C or F} set: 150.00 C Set current set-point to n s[etpoint]=n s=450 Instrument...

  • Page 61: Communication Commands Continued

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Table 5 Communication Commands continued Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values Set cutout to be reset cm[ode]=a[uto] cm=a automatically Serial Interface Menu Read serial sample setting sa[mple] sa: 9 sa: 1 Set serial sampling setting to n sa[mple]=n sa=0...

  • Page 62: Heater Control

    10 Digital Communication Interface Power Control Functions Table 6 Communication Commands continued Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values f3= n Set Expansion Valve 1 to off f3=0 Read Cooling Power f4:9 f4:1 Set Cooling Power f4=1/0 0 or 1 Set Cooling Power to low...

  • Page 63: Table 7 Serial Power Control Functions

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide The “F3” and “F5” commands control the cooling temperature or expansion valves. These valves adjust the cooling temperature which sets the cooling ca- pacity. Setting “F3” to 0 turns off valve 1 and setting “F3 to 1 turns on valve 1. Setting “F5”...

  • Page 64: Calibration Procedure

    11 Calibration Procedure Calibration Points Calibration Procedure In some instances the user may want to calibrate the bath to improve the tem- perature set-point accuracy. Calibration is done by adjusting the controller probe calibration constants R and ALPHA so that the temperature of the bath as measured with a standard thermometer agrees more closely with the bath set-point.

  • Page 65: Calibration Example

    7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide menu from the controller panel or by inquiring through the digital interface. The user should keep a record of these values in case they may need to be re- stored in the future. The new values R and ALPHA are computed by entering 0′...

  • Page 66: Figure 11 Sample Calibration Computations

    11 Calibration Procedure Calibration Example = 100.000 ALPHA = 0.0038500 = 30.00°C measured t = 29.843°C = 80.00°C measured t = 79.914°C Compute errors, = 29.843 - 30.00°C = -0.157°C = 79.914 - 80.00°C = -0.086°C Compute R − × −...

  • Page 67: Maintenance

    12 Maintenance Maintenance The calibration instrument has been designed with the utmost care. Ease of op- eration and simplicity of maintenance have been a central theme in the product development. Therefore, with proper care the instrument should require very little maintenance. Avoid operating the instrument in dirty or dusty environments.
  • Page 68 7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide plicable to all fluids used in the baths should be kept in close proximity to the instrument. • If the mains supply cord becomes damaged, replace it with a cord with the appropriate gauge wire for the current of the bath. If there are any questions, call an Authorized Service Center for more information.

  • Page 69: Troubleshooting

    13 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Troubleshooting This section contains information on troubleshooting and a wiring diagram. This information pertains to a number of bath models and certain specifics may not pertain to your model. 13.1 Troubleshooting In the event that the instrument appears to function abnormally, this section may help to find and solve the problem.
  • Page 70 7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Problem Causes and Solutions The heater indicator LED stays The display does not show “Cut-out” nor displays an incorrect bath red but the temperature does not temperature, and the controller otherwise appears to operate nor- increase mally.
  • Page 71 13 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Problem Causes and Solutions The controller display flashes The display flashs “Cut-out” alternately with the process “Cut-out” and the heater does temperature. not operate • If the process temperature displayed seems grossly in error, consult the following problem: ‘The display flashes “...
  • Page 72 7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Problem Causes and Solutions The displayed process tempera- Possible causes may be either a faulty control probe or erroneous ture is in error and the controller data in memory. remains in the cooling or the •...
  • Page 73 13 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Problem Causes and Solutions The controller shows that the out- Possible causes are an improper proportional band setting or the fluid put power is steady but the pro- being used. cess temperature is unstable • If the bath temperature does not achieve the expected degree of stability when measured using a thermometer, try adjusting the proportional band to a narrower width as discussed in Section 9.7, Proportional Band.
  • Page 74 7100 Calibration Bath User’s Guide Problem Causes and Solutions The bath does not achieve low Too much heating or not enough cooling can cause this problem. temperatures • Check that the control indicator glows green showing that the controller is attempting to cool. The heaters may be disabled as a test by temporarily removing the heater fuses.
  • Page 75 13 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Problem Causes and Solutions The controller does not maintain Note: Before performing the memory check,you need to record the controller parameters or parame- controller calibration parameters (found in the CAL menu of the instru- ters are reset each time the ment) and any user-adjusted parameters that you have changed power to the unit is removed (such as the programmable set points and proportional band).

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