Page 1 Users Guide This is a hypertext-enabled document. All references to page numbers are live links. Just click on the page number, and the document will go there automatically!
Page 2 Third-Party Products Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Korg assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products. Manual Version: 10/19/01 Copyright 1999-2001 Korg Inc. All rights reserved.
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Contents Introduction................1 OASYS PCI ..........................2 About This Manual ........................4 Using the OASYS PCI ............5 Instant Gratification ......................6 What are...? ..........................8 User Interface & Shortcuts ....................11 Using Multis ..........................13 Using Programs & Patches ....................19 Using Effects .........................23 Using Modulation ........................30 Using Samples &...
Page 4 OASYS PCI...
Page 5: Introduction
Introduction Introduction OASYS PCI...
Page 6: Oasys Pci
Incredible effects processing The OASYS PCI starts with all of the effects of the award-winning Korg Trinity workstation, and builds from that foundation. Effects can be used to process the onboard synthesizer, tracks from digital audio programs, and live audio inputs, and can be used on channel inserts, as sends, and on output busses.
Page 7 Introduction OASYS PCI Designed to collaborate with your CPU You can use your favorite PowerPC or Pentium-based effects plug-ins, such as VST, MAS, and DirectX plug-ins, simultaneously with OASYS PCI effects and synthesizers. Complete automation via MIDI Every parameter in the OASYS PCI can be modulated via standard MIDI controllers, allowing easy automation of mixing, synthesis, and effects from any MIDI sequencer.
Page 8: About This Manual
Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer. To search through the FAQ, start by opening the document named “OASYS PCI_faq_index.htm.” In addition to the FAQ installed with the OASYS PCI software, the latest version can always be found at the Korg website, at http://www.korg.com. OASYS PCI...
Page 9: Using The Oasys Pci
Using the OASYS PCI Using the OASYS PCI OASYS PCI...
Page 10: Instant Gratification
MIDI controller (keyboard, guitar, etc.) is connected to your computer, and is set to transmit on MIDI channel The Korg preset Multis respond to MIDI channel 1, and play from the card’s analog outputs.
Page 11 Using the OASYS PCI Instant Gratification The window will close. Since you closed the main Mixer window, the Multi will close as well. If you’ve changed anything, a message will appear asking if you’d like to save your changes; press the Don’t Save button (MacOS) or the No button (Windows).
Page 12: What Are
Patch slots. Unlike normal Programs, Effects-Only Programs can be used on any type of input, including Audio Inputs, Streams, or even other Programs. In the Korg factory voicing, they will be placed in the Programs section of the folder named “Korg FX Programs.”...
Page 13 OASYS PCI Patches. OASYS PCI recognizes 16- bit and 24-bit samples in a number of different formats, including AIFF, WAV, Sound Designer II (on MacOS only), and Korg’s proprietary .kes format. For more information, see “Using Samples & Multisamples” on page 35.
Page 14 What are...? Using the OASYS PCI You don’t interact directly with the OASYS PCI Engine itself; instead, you control it via the OASYS PCI Editor and any audio and/or MIDI software being used. OASYS PCI...
Page 15: User Interface & Shortcuts
Using the OASYS PCI User Interface & Shortcuts User Interface & Shortcuts Wherever possible, the OASYS PCI supports standard user interface concepts. There are buttons to push, sliders to drag, numerical ﬁelds to type in, and so on. There are a few items and concepts which bear mentioning, as discussed below. Volume faders Double-clicking on a volume fader in a Mixer Channel, Send Bus, or Output Bus will set the fader to 0dB (unity gain), a value of 111.
Page 16 User Interface & Shortcuts Using the OASYS PCI • Key and velocity zones in the Program Edit and Channel Parameters windows. • MIDI controller selections A-H in the Preferences window. • High, low, and base keys in the Multisample Edit window. To edit these parameters from MIDI, ﬁrst select the parameter.
Page 17: Using Multis
Using the OASYS PCI Using Multis Using Multis Opening a Multi Select Open… from the File menu. The standard ﬁle open dialog will appear. Select the Multi that you want to open, and press OK. The selected Multi ﬁle will be opened. You can also open a Multi by double-clicking on a Multi ﬁle in the Finder.
Page 18 Patch slots. Unlike normal Programs, Effects-Only Programs can be used on any type of input, including Audio Inputs, Streams, or even other Programs. In the Korg factory voicing, they will be placed in the Programs section of the folder named “Korg Effects.”...
Page 19 Using the OASYS PCI Using Multis The Effects-Only Program will replace any previously loaded Insert Effects. Note that unlike normal Programs, loading an Effects-Only Program will not change the input to the Channel. If the Channel already contained a Program, the original Program’s Patches will play through the new Effects.
Page 20 Using Multis Using the OASYS PCI Cumulative Program and Patch high/low key windows Patch key window: C4 to G9 Program Patch Program key window: C-1 to A6 Result Resulting key window: C4 to A6 Creating layers To layer Programs in a Multi: In the Mixer window, set the Mixer Channels containing the Programs to use the same MIDI channel.
Page 21 You can create velocity splits using as many different Programs as you like. Auditioning Multis through a speciﬁc Output Bus All of Korg’s factory preset Multis are set to use the Analog output as the Master Output Bus. If you’d like to audition these Multis through another output, such as S/PDIF or ADAT 1-2, you can do so by setting up the Preferences as described below.
Page 22 Unlike all other OASYS PCI ﬁle types, you can save Multis almost anywhere on disk (except in the Korg folders); they do not need to go into a special folder. For more information on saving ﬁles, see“Working With Files” on page 55.
Page 23: Using Programs & Patches
Using the OASYS PCI Using Programs & Patches Using Programs & Patches Creating a new Program To create a new program: In the desired Mixer Channel, set the Input Type to Program. A new Program, named Untitled, will appear in the Input Slot. All of its parameters will be set to default values, and both Patch slots will be empty.
Page 24 Using Programs & Patches Using the OASYS PCI Program edits are stored within the Multi All edits to a Program, including all parameters in the Program Edit and Patch and Effect Control Panel windows, are stored within the Multi. If you are editing a Program to use in a speciﬁc Multi, there’s no need to save the Program as a separate ﬁle to disk;...
Page 25 Using the OASYS PCI Using Programs & Patches Creating splits and layers of Patches within a Program The two Patches in a Program can be layered together, or split by key and/or velocity ranges. Note that Programs can also be split and layered within a Multi, which interacts with the Patch key and velocity ranges as shown below.
Page 26 Don’t save into the Korg and Korg FX Programs folders The Korg and Korg FX Programs folders are reserved for Korg’s own use, so don’t save your own sounds in these folders. If you do, the sounds may be deleted when you update or re-install the OASYS PCI software.
Page 27: Using Effects
Patch slots. Unlike normal Programs, Effects-Only Programs can be used on any type of input, including Audio Inputs, Streams, or even other Programs. In the Korg factory voicing, they will be placed in the Programs section of the folder named “Korg Effects.”...
Page 28 Using Effects Using the OASYS PCI Effects-Only Programs can only be used on Mixer Channels Effects-Only Programs can only be used on Mixer Channels; they cannot be loaded directly into Send Busses or Output Busses. As a workaround, you can load an Effects-Only Program onto a Mixer Channel, and then copy the individual Effects onto the desired Send Bus or Output Bus.
Page 29 Using the OASYS PCI Using Effects Sending a Stream to a Send Bus To send a Stream to a Send Bus: In your digital audio software, assign one or more audio tracks to a Stream output. Some digital audio software includes a mixer with send busses, and allows the send busses to be assigned directly to an output.
Page 30 Using Effects Using the OASYS PCI Add the desired Effects to the Output Bus. If you want to hear all of the OASYS PCI sounds through a single stereo pair, press the To Master button for the Output Bus. This will route the Output Bus to the Master output. Creating chains of more than four Effects Output Bus Effects come after the Effects in the Mixer Channels and Send Buses.
Page 31 Using the OASYS PCI Using Effects Using OASYS PCI effects along with CPU effects (VST, MAS, etc.) You can use your favorite PowerPC-based effects plug-ins, such as VST or MAS, simultaneously with OASYS PCI effects and synthesizers. In general, we recommend that the use of effects should follow the signal ﬂow, with signals originating in the CPU, being processed by host-based effects, and then being processed through OASYS PCI effects.
Page 32 Using Effects Using the OASYS PCI This also means that you don’t have to worry about keeping track of which Multis and Programs use which Effects. Once you add an Effect to a Multi or Program, its parameters are copied into the Multi or Program, and are separated from the Effect ﬁle on the disk.
Page 33 Don’t save into the Korg and Korg FX Programs folders The Korg and Korg FX Programs folders are reserved for Korg’s own use, so don’t save your own sounds in these folders. If you do, the sounds may be deleted when you update or re-install the OASYS PCI software.
Page 34: Using Modulation
Using Modulation Using the OASYS PCI Using Modulation Built-in modulation routings Fixed Modulation Paths Many Patches and Effects offer built-in modulation paths for certain parameters. Sometimes, these modulation paths will be “hard wired,” meaning that the amount of modulation can be altered, but the source of the modulation is ﬁxed. For instance, a ﬁlter envelope might be hard-wired to control the ﬁlter cutoff.
Page 35 Using the OASYS PCI Using Modulation You don’t need to do anything to save the new modulation routing; the edits take affect immediately. Modulating on/off parameters You can control on/off parameters, such as buttons, from any MIDI controller. A value of 0 will turn the button off; any value of 1 or greater will turn the button on. Why don’t the knobs move? When you modulate parameters using MIDI controllers, you’ll hear the changes, but you won’t see the knobs moving.
Page 36 Using Modulation Using the OASYS PCI Enabling SysEx To enable sending and receiving of System Exclusive parameter messages: Select Preferences from the Edit menu. The OASYS PCI Preferences window will appear. Press the MIDI/Global tab. The MIDI/Global parameters will appear. Make sure that the Send MIDI Parameter Change Messages and Receive MIDI Parameter Change Messages checkboxes are enabled.
Page 37 Using the OASYS PCI Using Modulation The Control Panel changes will be recorded as SysEx messages in the record- enabled track. When you are ﬁnished, switch back to the sequencer and stop recording. Play back the sequence to hear the recorded automation. If you have enabled “Update Control Panel from MIDI,”...
Page 38 Using Modulation Using the OASYS PCI Mixer parameter MIDI Controller # Notes Scales channel volume. When Expression is set to 127, channel volume is set Expression by the Volume controller (#7). When Expression is below 127, channel volume is reduced. 0 is off (not muted);...
Page 39: Using Samples & Multisamples
That’s it! The new Multisample will be assigned to the PCM Patch. NOTE: Only Patches designed to play PCM can use Multisamples. This includes all of the Patches in the Korg/Patches/PCM folder, for instance. Editing a Multisample To edit a Multisample: Open the Control Panel for the PCM Patch containing the Multisample.
Page 40 Using Samples & Multisamples Using the OASYS PCI Play a note on a MIDI controller. When selected, the parameters of the selected Key Range’s are shown at the top of the window. The Key Range’s box and the range on the keyboard are both hilighted in light blue, and the base key is shown in red.
Page 41 Using the OASYS PCI Using Samples & Multisamples MIDI editing To edit the High Key via MIDI: Hold down the command key (MacOS) or shift-left-bracket “[” (Windows) on your computer keyboard. Notice that the High Key parameter becomes selected. While holding the key(s) on your computer keyboard, play a note on your MIDI controller.
Page 42 Importing AIFF, WAV, and Sound Designer II Samples OASYS PCI can use 16-bit and 24-bit samples in a number of different formats, including AIFF, WAV, and Korg’s proprietary .kes format. Additionally, Sound Designer II format samples are supported on MacOS only.
Page 43 Using Samples & Multisamples The new Samples will appear in the Catalog under the Samples tab. You can now use them in Multisamples just as you would the Korg factory samples. Stereo Samples OASYS PCI supports both split and interleaved stereo samples. Split stereo samples must have ﬁle names ending in -l (left) and -r (right), before the 3-character ﬁle...
Page 44 Using Samples & Multisamples Using the OASYS PCI Korg factory “.kes” samples cannot be edited Note that Korg’s proprietary .kes sample ﬁles are encrypted, and so they cannot be opened in external editors. Editing using the Show Parameter menu and on-screen sliders You can choose one parameter, such as volume or pan, to be displayed for all of the ranges simultaneously.
Page 45 Don’t save into the Korg and Korg FX Programs folders The Korg and Korg FX Programs folders are reserved for Korg’s own use, so don’t save your own sounds in these folders. If you do, the sounds may be deleted when you update or re-install the OASYS PCI software.
Page 46: Using Audio Programs
Using Audio Programs Using the OASYS PCI Using Audio Programs The OASYS PCI is designed for seamless use with all MacOS and Windows ASIO-or MME-compatible digital audio programs, such as Acid, Cakewalk Pro Audio, Sonar, and Metro, Cool Edit Pro, Cubase VST, Digital Performer, Logic Audio, Peak, SAW, Sound Forge, Spark, Studio Vision Pro, and Vision DSP.
Page 47 Using the OASYS PCI Using Audio Programs Sound Manager programs and ASIO If OASYS PCI is selected in the Sound control panel, you can still use it with ASIO programs. However, Sound Manager programs and ASIO programs cannot use OASYS PCI simultaneously. To free OASYS PCI for use by Sound Manager, you must either quit the ASIO program, or switch the ASIO hardware to something other than OASYS PCI.
Page 48 Using Audio Programs Using the OASYS PCI Whenever an audio program is running, be sure to set the sample rate from within the audio program, as opposed to using the OASYS PCI Editor preferences settings. Otherwise, the audio program may not know that the sample rate has changed.
Page 49 Using the OASYS PCI Using Audio Programs Analog L-R, S/PDIF L-R, ADAT 1-2, ADAT 3-4, ADAT 5-6, and ADAT 7-8 These selections allow you to route audio directly to the OASYS PCI outputs, without passing through the mixer. For more information, see “Routing audio directly to the OASYS PCI outputs,”...
Page 50 Using Audio Programs Using the OASYS PCI In the OASYS PCI Editor’s Send Busses window, set the Send Bus’s input to the Stream you selected in Step 1. The audio channel will now be routed to the OASYS PCI Send Bus. Routing audio directly to the OASYS PCI outputs You can route up to 12 channels of audio from the digital audio program directly to the OASYS PCI’s outputs, without passing through the OASYS PCI mixer.
Page 51 Using the OASYS PCI Using Audio Programs In the digital audio program, select the desired inputs and record as usual. Recording OASYS PCI synthesizers and effects In addition to recording from the audio inputs, you can also record the output of the OASYS PCI mixer directly into any ASIO or MME digital audio program.
Page 52 Using Audio Programs Using the OASYS PCI Note that you can also use the main mixer to set up effects for monitoring, such as reverb on a vocal. For more information, see “Record monitoring with effects,” below. To access the monitor mixer settings: From the digital audio program, open the OASYS PCI ASIO control panel/Audio Settings window.
Page 53 Using the OASYS PCI Using Audio Programs the effects, as described under “Recording OASYS PCI synthesizers and effects,” on page 47. OASYS PCI...
Page 54: Using Sound Manager (Macos)
Using Sound Manager (MacOS) Using the OASYS PCI Using Sound Manager (MacOS) The Apple Sound Manager controls the basic sound input and output for the computer as a whole, including system alert beeps, speech input and output, game sounds, and so on. The Sound Manager also allows add-on hardware, such as the OASYS PCI, to be used in place of the computer’s built-in sound input and output.
Page 55 Using the OASYS PCI Using Sound Manager (MacOS) Different versions of the Sound control panel display the choices in different ways. In some versions of the control panel, you will see an OASYS PCI icon. In other versions, you will simply see a text entry, as shown below. Select OASYS PCI.
Page 56 Using Sound Manager (MacOS) Using the OASYS PCI Select “Sound Out” from the menu, or select the “Output” tab. Different versions of the Sound control panel use either a menu or tabs for navigation. When you select “Sound Out” or “Output,” the Output page appears. An on- screen instruction reads, “Choose a device.”...
Page 57 Using the OASYS PCI Using Sound Manager (MacOS) Select OASYS PCI. When you click on the OASYS PCI selection, it will become hilighted. The OASYS PCI will now be used for output from Sound Manager-compatible programs. The Sound control panel also includes an output volume setting. Select “Volumes”...
Page 58 Using Sound Manager (MacOS) Using the OASYS PCI 11. Select the desired OASYS PCI channels in the Input Selection and Output Selection menus. You can also change these as necessary, whenever you like. 12. Set the Clock Source/Sample Rate and Analog Input and Output Trims as desired.
Page 59: Working With Files
OASYS PCI Patches. OASYS PCI recognizes mono and stereo 16-bit and 24-bit samples in a number of different formats, including AIFF, WAV, and Korg’s proprietary .kes (mono) and .k2s (stereo) formats. Additionally, Sound Designer II samples are supported on MacOS only.
Page 60 Don’t save into the Korg and Korg FX Programs folders The Korg and Korg FX Programs folders are reserved for Korg’s own use, so don’t save your own sounds in these folders. If you do, the sounds may be deleted when you update or re-install the OASYS PCI software.
Page 61 Using the OASYS PCI Working With Files PCI users can add the sounds simply by dragging the main folder (e.g. “John Smith Analog Collection”) into the OASYS PCI folder. Cross-platform considerations All OASYS PCI ﬁles can be used on both MacOS and Windows computers, as long as you are careful to observe the following: Naming conventions.
Page 62 (Multis may be stored anywhere on disk, including the OASYS PCI folder if desired.) Within the main OASYS PCI folder are folders for sound libraries, such as the Korg factory sounds and optional sound packages from Korg and third parties, or user projects, such as “TV Series Third Season Cues.”...
Page 63 Using the OASYS PCI Working With Files File and folder organization OASYS PCI...
Page 64: Managing Resources
Managing Resources Using the OASYS PCI Managing Resources The OASYS PCI provides a large amount of DSP processing power. However, as with all things in the world, that power is ﬁnite. Here are some hints to help you to optimize the system’s resources. In addition, please see the HTML FAQ for extensive information on optimizing MacOS and Windows for use with audio and MIDI.
Page 65 Using the OASYS PCI Managing Resources Via ASIO, you can record up to 12 channels (six stereo) simultaneously, all in the digital domain. If you're using OASYS PCI with another audio program, use ADAT, S/PDIF, or analog I/O. For more information, see“Recording OASYS PCI synthesizers and effects” on page 47.
Page 66 Managing Resources Using the OASYS PCI Disable meters If things are running very tight with CPU processing power, you can disable meters entirely. To do this: Select Disable Meters from the File menu. If you pull down the File menu again, you’ll notice that the item’s name has changed to Enable meters.
Page 67 Using the OASYS PCI Managing Resources Closing any unnecessary windows will reduce the CPU processing load. Turn off File Sharing (MacOS) File Sharing can greatly increase the time that it takes to load Multis, or to add Effects and Programs to a Multi. It also reduces the amount of CPU processing power available to both the OASYS PCI and digital audio programs.
Page 68 Managing Resources Using the OASYS PCI Short delays Delay Effects with a maximum time of 680ms or less use long circular memory, as shown in the Resource Monitor’s detailed view (for more details, see page 105). This memory is shared with other delay-based Effects, such as choruses and ﬂangers.
Page 69: Reference
Reference Reference OASYS PCI...
Page 70: Mixer
Mixer Reference Mixer The Mixer is the heart of the OASYS PCI. It’s made up of 12 channels, each of which can process a Program, an Audio Input, or a Stream (from a digital audio program). Each channel includes volume, pan/balance, MIDI channel assignment, output bus assignment, four insert effects, and access to any two of the four effects sends.
Page 71 Reference Mixer Mixer Double-clicking on the Program name brings up the Program Edit page, as described on page 86. Command-double-clicking on the Program Name brings up the Control Panels for the Program’s Patches, as described on page 92. OASYS PCI...
Page 72 Mixer Reference You can copy Programs from one channel to another using drag-and-drop, or by using the Edit menu cut, copy, and paste commands. You can delete a Program from a channel by using the Edit menu cut command, or by pressing the Delete key.
Page 73 Reference Mixer Vol (Volume) 0-127. Volume adjusts the volume of the mixer channel, after the insert effects. 111 is the default, and is equal to 0dB (unity gain). Double-clicking the fader will set it to 111. Volume responds to controller #7 on the selected MIDI channel. The MIDI Expression controller (#11) also controls volume.
Page 74 Mixer Reference Note that Solo affects only the mixer, and does not affect audio sent directly to the audio outputs from a digital audio program. Solo responds to controller #90 on the selected MIDI channel. 0 is off (not soloed), and any value between 1 and 127 is on (soloed).
Page 75 Reference Mixer Bypassing Effects To bypass a single Effect, click on the slot number to the left of the Effect name. When bypassed, the Effect name will be grayed out. To re-enable the Effect, just click the slot number again. You can also bypass the Effect by using the Bypass button in the Effect Control Panel.
Page 76 Mixer Reference Pre/Post buttons A and B respond to MIDI controllers #92 and #94, respectively. 0 is Post, and any value between 1 and 127 is Pre. Post-fader send Send Send Volume Output Input Inserts Channel Volume Pre-fader send Send Send Volume Output...
Page 77 Reference Mixer Overall audio block diagram Switch: Record from inputs or from mixer outputs Analog L In ADAT 8 In Monitor Mixer Analog L Analog L Assign ADAT 8 ADAT 8 Multi Mixer Program 1 Output Analog L Final Output Summation Channels Busses...
Page 78: Send Busses
Send Busses Reference Send Busses The four Send Busses are useful for effects which are heard along with the original signal, such as reverbs, delays, and so on. (This is as opposed to inline effects, such as compressors, eqs, distortion, etc., which are more appropriate for use as Mixer Channel insert effects.) The Send Busses also allow multiple Mixer Channels to share the same effects, which helps to optimize the DSP resources of the system.
Page 79 Reference Send Busses Input Trim 0-127. The Input Trim allows you to adjust the gain into the Send Bus without altering each channel send individually. For instance, let’s say that the Send Bus has a reverb which is overloading on input, and 5 channels are routed to the Send Bus. You could scale back each of the 5 channels individually, one by one–or, instead, just reduce the overall send amount.
Page 80 Send Busses Reference Bypassing Effects To bypass an Effect, click on the slot number to the left of the Effect name. When bypassed, the Effect name will be grayed out. To re-enable the Effect, just click the slot number again. You can also bypass the Effect by using the Bypass button in the Effect Control Panel.
Page 81 Reference Send Busses With width at minimum, the Send Bus output is a mono signal heard at the exact position set by Pan. With width at maximum, the output is wide stereo, centered around the Pan position. Width responds to controller #8 on the selected MIDI channel. When this is set to 0, the channel is mono;...
Page 82: Output Busses
Output Busses Reference Output Busses Each pair of audio outputs has a corresponding Output Bus, and all audio going from the Mixer to an audio output pair goes through an Output Bus ﬁrst. Output Busses include insert effects, a volume fader, and mute and solo controls. Mixer Channels and Send Busses are routed to Output Busses.
Page 83 Reference Output Busses Output Busses example Audio Program Direct Output ADAT 1-2 Mixer Output Audio Channel Output ADAT 1-2 ADAT 1-2 Mixer Output Audio Channel Output ADAT 3-4 ADAT 3-4 Send Bus 1 Effects 1-4 Output Bus insert effects let you apply EQ, compression, and other overall effects to groups of tracks.
Page 84 Output Busses Reference If no Effect is selected for a slot, the signal will pass through unaltered, and the slot will simply show “(none).” You can copy Effects from one slot to another by using drag-and-drop, or by using the Edit menu’s cut, copy, and paste commands. To delete an Effect, use the Edit menu’s cut command, or press the Delete key.
Page 85 Reference Output Busses Volume responds to controller #7 on the selected MIDI channel. Mute On, Off. Mute silences the Output Bus. Mute responds to controller #89 on the selected MIDI channel. 0 is off (not muted), and any value between 1 and 127 is on (muted). Solo On, Off.
Page 86 Output Busses Reference Also, other Output Busses can be summed into the Master Bus, using the To Master button, as described above. Default Master Output Bus preferences The Preferences window “Master Output Bus” parameter allows you to set a default Master Bus, which is used whenever you create a new Multi. You can also use the Preferences window “Reset Master Output Bus When Opening Multis”...
Page 87: Channel Parameters
Reference Channel Parameters Channel Parameters The Channel Parameters page allows you to set various parameters for the Programs used in the Multi. Aside from the Input Type and Program/Audio Input parameters, all of the settings on this page apply to Programs only. Ch (Channel Number) This column shows the Mixer Channel number for reference, and is not user- editable.
Page 88 Channel Parameters Reference Off means that the channel is unused, allowing the OASYS PCI Engine to optimize the Mixer (for more information, see “Managing Resources” on page 60). Note that all of the parameters on this page, except for the Program/Audio Input select, apply only to Programs.
Page 89 Reference Channel Parameters Low Key/High Key C-1 to G9. These are the high and low MIDI notes to which the Program will respond. When selected, you can set them by playing notes on your MIDI controller. The Low Key and High Key parameters act in addition to any key windows assigned to Patches in the Program.
Page 90: Program Edit
Program Edit Reference Program Edit Programs are the basic sounds of the OASYS PCI, and must be placed on a Mixer Channel to be played. They play one or two Patches, which can be layered or split by key and velocity ranges. They also have up to four Insert Effects, which appear in the Mixer Channel.
Page 91 Reference Program Edit To add a Patch to a Program: Drag a Patch from the Catalog onto the desired Patch slot. (MacOS Only: Alternatively, you can select the Patch slot and then double-click the name of the Patch in the Catalog.) For more information on using the Catalog, please see the section titled “Catalog”...
Page 92 Program Edit Reference Scale This selects the scale used by the Patch. Scales allow each individual MIDI note to be tuned as desired. For more information, see “Scales,” on page 137. Low/High Key and Velocity All of the key and velocity windowing parameters, including Low Key, High Key, Low Velocity, and High Velocity, act in addition to the windows assigned to the Program in a Multi.
Page 93 Reference Program Edit High Velocity 1 to 127. This is the highest MIDI velocity to which the Patch will respond. All notes with velocities above the High Velocity will be ignored. When this parameter is selected, you can set it by playing on your MIDI controller. Voice Allocation Polyphonic, Poly Physical, Poly Retrig, Poly Reuse, Mono Legato, Mono Retrig, Unison.
Page 94 Program Edit Reference notes are not re-triggered; the envelopes will continue to evolve as if the original note was still held down. This is good for imitating the phrasings of wind instruments, or analog lead synthesizers, and is generally the preferred mode for MIDI wind controllers.
Page 95 Reference Program Edit As another example, let’s say that the Unison Detune is still set to 24, but Voices is set to 4: Voice Detune Voice one will still be detuned down by 12 cents, voice two will be detuned down by 4 cents, voice three will be detuned up by 4 cents, and voice 4 will be detuned up by 12 cents.
Page 96: Control Panel
Control Panel Reference Control Panel General The Control Panel allows you to edit the parameters of Patches and Effects. Each Patch and Effect has its own Control Panel, speciﬁcally designed for the Patch or Effect’s particular features. This means that the Control Panel may contain completely different parameters, depending on which Patch or Effect is being edited.
Page 97 Reference Control Panel For ﬁne control, you can increment and decrement the knob’s value using the up and down arrows on the keyboard. You can also type directly into the numeric ﬁeld. Sliders. For ﬁne control of slider values, you can increment and decrement by using the up and down arrows on the keyboard.
Page 98 Control Panel Reference When a modulation routing is assigned, the name of the modulated Control Panel parameter will be underlined and colored red. For more information, see “Modulation Palette,” on page 97. Modulation Sources None. No modulation will be applied. Velocity.
Page 99 Reference Control Panel Mod Wheel+AT. This is the sum of Mod Wheel and Aftertouch. Mod Wheel+AT/2. This is similar to Mod Wheel+AT, but the affect of Aftertouch is cut in half. Pitchbend. This is MIDI Pitchbend, exactly as received, prior to scaling. Pitchbend Scaled.
Page 100 Control Panel Reference Keyboard Tracking Linear +127 +127 +127 -127 -127 -127 MIDI Note MIDI Note MIDI Note Left Lin Left Exp Left Log +127 +127 +127 -127 -127 -127 MIDI Note MIDI Note MIDI Note Right Lin Right Exp Right Log +127 +127...
Page 101: Modulation Palette
Reference Modulation Palette Modulation Palette The Modulation Palette allows you to create up to two modulation paths for each Patch or Effect Control Panel parameter. You can open the Modulation Palette by clicking on the name of a Control Panel parameter.
Page 102 Modulation Palette Reference Conversely, when the Amount is set to -100, a MIDI modulation value of 127 will take the parameter all the way to the minimum value, even if the Control Panel knob or slider is at its very highest setting. OASYS PCI...
Page 103: Multisample Edit
You can open the Multisample editor by double-clicking on a Multisample in a Patch Control Panel. OASYS PCI can use 16-bit and 24-bit samples in a number of different formats, including AIFF, WAV, and Korg’s proprietary .kes format. Additionally, Sound Designer II format samples are supported on MacOS only. Key Ranges A Multisample divides the keyboard into one or more Key Ranges, as shown by the boxes drawn above the keyboard.
Page 104 Multisample Edit Reference The parameters for the selected Key Range are shown at the top of the window, including an assigned Sample, high key, low key, and base key, Exclusive Group assignment, and offsets for volume, pan, tuning, cutoff, and decay. You can assign Key Ranges across all 128 MIDI notes.
Page 105 Reference Multisample Edit Low Key C-1 to G9. This is the lowest MIDI note of the Key Range. When this parameter is selected, you can set it by playing a note on your MIDI controller. Holding down the option key (MacOS) or shift-left-bracket “[” (Windows) on your computer keyboard will also select this parameter, after which you can set it by playing a note on your MIDI controller.
Page 106 Multisample Edit Reference This parameter serves as an offset to any tuning set in the Patch containing the Multisample. Some Patches may not support this offset. Volume -100 to +100. This is the volume offset for the selected Key Range. This parameter serves as an offset to any volume set in the Patch containing the Multisample.
Page 107 Reference Multisample Edit Group settings for all Multisamples are controlled by the top Multisample. The Exclusive Group parameters for all other Multisamples will be grayed out. Exclusive Group settings not available in some Patches Some Patches may not support Exclusive Group functionality. If a Multisample is placed in such a Patch, all Exclusive Group parameters will be grayed out.
Page 108 Samples page) to select your preferred editor. Korg’s factory samples cannot be edited Note that Korg’s proprietary .kes sample ﬁles are encrypted, and so they cannot be opened in external editors. When a .kes sample is selected, the Open Sample in Editor button will be grayed out.
Page 109: Resource Monitor
Reference Resource Monitor Resource Monitor To process and synthesize audio, the OASYS PCI uses DSP and host (PowerPC) processing power, DSP and host memory, and DSP busses. This page can give you an idea of how much of these resources are being used. The Resource Monitor can display either a summary or a detailed report, as set in the Preferences window (described on page 114).
Page 110 Resource Monitor Reference Summary is the default view for the Resource Monitor. Detailed view The Detailed view shows a large amount of speciﬁc resource usage information, and is intended primarily for developers interested in the low-level workings of the system. OASYS PCI...
Page 111 Reference Resource Monitor If the Preferences window Resource Monitor parameter is set to Detailed, this section of the window will display the following meters for each DSP. Processor. This shows the amount of cycles used on the DSP, and is the main indication of the amount of DSP processing power being used.
Page 112: Catalog
OASYS PCI folder. Within the main OASYS PCI folder are folders for sound libraries, such as the Korg factory sounds and optional sound packages from Korg and third parties, or user projects, such as “TV Series Third Season Cues.”...
Page 113 Reference Catalog Center panel When a folder is selected in the left-most panel, the folders within its Programs, Patches, Effects, Multisamples, or Samples folder (depending on which tab is selected) will be shown in the middle panel. These folders will generally be sound categories, such as pianos, basses, synth pads, reverbs, delays, and so on.
Page 114 Catalog Reference Programs, Patches, Effects, Multisamples, and Samples tabs The tabs select which ﬁle type the Catalog will show. List of ﬁles and folders The outline view works just like the Finder’s “View by Name” option. Folders appear with a folder icon, with an arrow to the left of the icon. When the arrow is pointing to the right, the folder is closed, and its contents are hidden.
Page 115: File Menu
Reference File Menu File Menu New creates a new Multi, and opens the new Multi’s Mixer window. New Program New Program creates a new Program, and opens its Program Edit window. When created in this way, the new Program will not be assigned to a Mixer Channel, so to play it, you need to save it to disk and then load it into the Mixer in the normal way.
Page 116 File Menu Reference Connect/Disconnect This command controls the connection between the OASYS PCI Editor and the OASYS PCI Engine. It switches between Connect and Disconnect, depending on the current state of the connection. Connect causes the OASYS PCI Editor to hook up to the OASYS PCI Engine. If the OASYS PCI Engine is not already running, it will start up.
Page 117: Edit Menu
Reference Edit Menu Edit Menu Undo This command undoes the last edit action. When possible, the command will show the action to be undone, such as “Undo Cut.” The cut command deletes the selected Program, Patch, Effect, or numeric value, and places it on the clipboard.
Page 118: Windows Menu
Windows Menu Reference Windows Menu Catalog This opens the Catalog palette, as described on page 108. Modulation Palette This opens the Modulation Palette window, as described on page 97. Resource Monitor This opens the Resource Monitor window, as described on page 105. If the window is already open, it is brought to the foreground.
Page 119: Preferences
Reference Preferences Preferences The Preferences window can be opened by selecting “Preferences…” from the Edit menu (as described on page 113). When you make a change in the Preferences window, it does not take effect immediately. After you have set the preferences as desired, press the window’s “Save”...
Page 120 Preferences Reference Remember. With this setting, the Catalog will be opened at startup if it was open the last time the OASYS PCI Editor was closed. Host Processing Synthesis and Effects algorithms predominantly use the onboard DSPs, but also sometimes use the main CPU, the “host,” for some non-audio functions, such as non-audio-rate LFOs.
Page 121 Reference Preferences Reset Master Output Bus When Opening Multis On/Off. When this is enabled, a newly opened Multi’s Master Output Bus will be changed to the default, as set above, regardless of the setting saved in the Multi. Use this feature if you always want to audition sounds through a speciﬁc Output Bus.
Page 122 Preferences Reference The OASYS PCI can appear as a MIDI device to OMS- and FreeMIDI-compatible programs, or can be used directly via the Macintosh serial ports. OMS. The OASYS PCI will use the Open Music System. Select this option for use with Vision, Studio Vision Pro, Logic Audio, Cubase VST, Cakewalk Metro, and other OMS-compatible applications.
Page 123 Reference Preferences Printer. The OASYS PCI will send and receive MIDI from the Printer port. Interface Speed (MacOS) This parameter only applies when the MIDI System parameter, above, is set to Serial. 1x. This is the normal MIDI interface speed. Fast.
Page 124 Preferences Reference Off. When MIDI Parameter Changes Update Control Panel is disabled, incoming System Exclusive Parameter Change messages will update parameter values, but will not move the knobs, sliders, etc. on the Control Panel. Update Mixer Windows From MIDI On. Incoming MIDI controller messages will move the knobs, sliders, and buttons on the Mixer, as well as updating the parameter values.
Page 125 Reference Preferences VERY IMPORTANT: The sample rate affects the processing power available to the OASYS PCI. You’ll get about 8% more processing power for synthesizers and/or effects at 44.1kHz than at 48kHz. 44.1 kHz. The internal sample rate will be set to 44.1kHz. Also, the S/PDIF sample rate information will be set to 44.1kHz.
Page 126 Preferences Reference Sample Editor On the Multisample Edit page, there is a button named Open Sample In Editor. When this button is pressed, the current Sample will be opened in a sample editing program, such as Spark, Peak, Wavelab, etc. This preference selects which program to use.
Page 127: Asio Control Panel/Audio Settings
Reference ASIO Control Panel/ Audio Settings ASIO Control Panel/ Audio Settings MacOS control panel NOTE: To view the window at full resolution, zoom in to 200%. This window can be accessed via the OASYS PCI Editor’s Edit menu Audio Settings… command, via the Windows Wave Device Settings window’s Audio Settings…...
Page 128 ASIO Control Panel/ Audio Settings Reference Windows 95/98/ME control panel NOTE: To view the window at full resolution, zoom in to 200%. General ASIO ASIO stands for “Audio Stream Input/Output,” and is a method for communicating audio between software and I/O hardware. The OASYS PCI offers multichannel audio support for all ASIO-compatible digital audio software, including Cakewalk Metro, Cool Edit Pro, Cubase VST, Digital Performer, Logic Audio, Vision DSP and Studio Vision Pro, and more.
Page 129 Reference ASIO Control Panel/ Audio Settings These output routing and volume settings affect only the monitor mixer; they do not have any affect on audio recorded into or played back from the digital audio program. Programs which support ASIO 2.0 can automatically control the monitor mixer’s levels and output routings, matching the volume and output settings of record- enabled tracks.
Page 130 ASIO Control Panel/ Audio Settings Reference In general, it’s best to leave the Input Level set to 0dB, and attenuate only when necessary to avoid digital clipping. If you’re using an external mixer, you may ﬁnd it more convenient to reduce the output level of the mixer. Output Level MUTE, -72.1 dB to 0dB.
Page 131 Reference ASIO Control Panel/ Audio Settings NOTE: The Audio Buffer Size affects only the CPU input-to-output latency–the amount of time that it takes to route audio from the OASYS PCI inputs, through a CPU-based digital audio program (and that program's CPU-based real-time effects), back to the OASYS PCI outputs.
Page 132 ASIO Control Panel/ Audio Settings Reference Through All Pressing this button sends all inputs to their corresponding outputs, so that ADAT 1 in goes to ADAT 1 out, ADAT 2 in to ADAT 2 out, and so on. All volumes are set to full, and all phases are set to normal.
Page 133: Wave Device Settings (Windows)
Reference Wave Device Settings (Windows) Wave Device Settings (Windows) NOTE: To view the window at full resolution, zoom in to 200%. General Through the OASYS PCI’s standard wave device driver, the card can be used by any standard Windows digital audio program. The OASYS PCI appears as six full- duplex stereo cards, one for each input/output pair, as well as four stereo output- only devices for the eight Streams.
Page 134 Wave Device Settings (Windows) Reference Clock Clock source When connecting multiple digital audio devices–such as the OASYS PCI, an ADAT system, and a S/PDIF device–it is important that the word clocks of the devices be locked together. If the clocks are not locked, the audio may be marred by pops and clicks.
Page 135 Reference Wave Device Settings (Windows) audio program must start recording or playback on each of them, one at a time. If left uncorrected, this would cause small offsets between the stereo pairs. The Synchronization settings solve this by creating a group of synchronized input and output pairs.
Page 136 Wave Device Settings (Windows) Reference Moving the slider to the top of its range provides the maximum output level; moving it to the bottom of its range will mute the output. The volume control is only active when the device’s Control Enable button is on. If your digital audio application provides its own volume controls, then the volume control provided here may be unnecessary, and you can save some CPU processing power by disabling it.
Page 137 Reference Wave Device Settings (Windows) If you are using the OASYS PCI with an application that already provides volume control, or if you have an external means of adjusting the playback volume, then you can get better performance from your PC by disabling the wave device volume/balance controls.
Page 138 Wave Device Settings (Windows) Reference Pressing the OK button saves all changes, and quits the Korg OASYS PCI Wave Device Settings program. Custom Synchronization NOTE: To view the window at full resolution, zoom in to 200%. As discussed under “Synchronization,” on page 130, each of the OASYS PCI’s stereo pairs of inputs and outputs appear as an independent wave device.
Page 139 Reference Wave Device Settings (Windows) When you are not recording, make sure that none of the Sync Rec buttons are turned on. If any of them are turned on, then playback will not be able to start. Sync Play Similarly, each of the output pairs has its own Sync Play button. If one or more of these is turned on, the OASYS PCI will not start playing or recording until all of the devices set to Sync Play have received the “start play”...
Page 140 Wave Device Settings (Windows) Reference Pressing the OK button returns you to the main Korg OASYS PCI Wave Device Settings window. Hardware Outputs This window shows the levels at the hardware outputs of the OASYS PCI, after the OASYS PCI Output Busses have been summed with the direct outputs from any audio programs.
Page 141: Scales
Each Patch in a Program may have its own Scale, as assigned on the Program Edit page (see page 86). Each Scale is stored as an individual ﬁle in the “Scales” folder, within the Korg section of the OASYS PCI folder.
Page 142 Scales Reference Cent values for ﬁne tuning must be integers in the range of -100 to +100. For positive values, the + sign is optional. C-1 cannot be ﬁne-tuned down. G9 can be tuned up, however. OASYS PCI...
Page 143: Midi System Exclusive Format
Each SysEx message has 13 bytes, as described below: 0: 0xf0 (SysEx header) 1: 0x42 (Korg manufacturer ID) 2: 0x3n (n = MIDI channel MOD 16 - no difference between A and B ports) 3: 0x55 (OASYS PCI Model ID)
Page 144 MIDI System Exclusive Format Reference 8: d (Parameter ID MSB) 9: e (Parameter value byte 0 (LSB)) - bits 0…6 of parameter value 10: f (Parameter value byte 1) - bits 7…13 of parameter value 11: g (Parameter value byte 2) - bits 14…20 of parameter value 12: h (Parameter value byte 3 (MSB)) - bits 21…23 of parameter value 13: 0xf7 (EOX end of SysEx message) Determining the Parameter ID and value range for a speciﬁc parameter...
Page 145: Index
Index Digital Performer - see the HTML FAQ DSP processing power, managing resources Analog Trims AppleTalk, turning off ASIO Edit Menu ASIO and Sound Manager 43, 50 Effects ASIO Control Panel Bypassing Effects Monitor Mixer Control Panel Specific ASIO programs - see the HTML FAQ Copying Effects Using ASIO Audio Programs Editing Effects...
Page 146 High/Low Key and Velocity Modulation In Multis Assignable Controllers A-H In Programs Creating a modulation routing List of Modulation Sources Mixer modulation routings Input Level (Analog) Modulation Palette 97, 99 Input Type parameter Summary of modulation possibilities Instant gratification Monitor Mixer Mono Legato voice allocation Mono Retrig voice allocation Keyboard splits and layers...
Page 147 MIDI System preference Recording see also the HTML FAQ OASYS PCI Synths & Effects 47, 126 Output Bus Record Source parameter Auditioning Multis through a specific bus Recording from audio inputs Default Master Output Bus preference Resource Monitor Master Output Bus Managing resources Output Busses window Preferences...
Page 148 To Master Affect on DSP processing power 61, 81 Unison voice allocation Unison Detune User interface conventions & shortcuts Velocity splits and layers In Multis In Programs Vision - see the HTML FAQ Voice Allocation Key Priority Voices parameter (number of voices) Affect on DSP processing power Voice Scaling parameter Volume...

Korg Soundlink DRS OASYS PCI User Manual

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