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Cabletron Systems DLE52-MA User Manual

802.1q vlan
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802.1Q VLAN
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  • Page 1 802.1Q VLAN Title Page User’s Guide 9032664...
  • Page 3 NOTICE Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice. IN NO EVENT SHALL CABLETRON SYSTEMS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS MANUAL OR...
  • Page 4 Notice 802.1Q VLAN User’s Guide...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    FIGURES ...v PREFACE ... vii CHAPTER 1 VIRTUAL LOCAL AREA NETWORKS Defining VLANs ... 1-1 Types of VLANs... 1-3 1.2.1 802.1Q VLANs ... 1-3 1.2.2 Other VLAN Strategies ... 1-3 Benefits and Restrictions... 1-3 VLAN Terms ... 1-4 CHAPTER 2 VLAN OPERATION Description...
  • Page 6 Contents 3.4.2 Changing the VLAN to FID Association ...3-11 3.4.3 Renaming a VLAN...3-11 3.4.4 Deleting a VLAN...3-12 3.4.5 Enabling VLANs ...3-12 3.4.6 Disabling VLANs ...3-13 3.4.7 Changing the Forwarding Mode ...3-13 3.4.8 Paging Through the VLAN List...3-14 Port Assignment Configuration Screen ...3-14 3.5.1 Changing the Port Mode ...3-16 3.5.2...

  • Page 7: Figures

    Example of a VLAN ... 1-2 Inside the Switch ... 2-4 Switch Management Without VLANs ... 3-1 Switch Management with VLANs ... 3-2 802.1Q VLAN Screen Hierarchy ... 3-4 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu Screen ... 3-6 Device/VLAN Configuration Screen ... 3-8 Port Assignment Configuration Screen ...
  • Page 8 Figures 802.1Q VLAN User’s Guide...

  • Page 9: Preface

    PREFACE Welcome to DIGITAL’s 802.1Q VLAN User’s Guide. This guide introduces and describes DIGITAL’s implementation of the IEEE 802.1Q draft standard for 802.1Q Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) technology, and the VLAN Local Management screens used to configure DIGITAL’s products used in 802.1Q VLAN environments. USING THIS GUIDE This guide serves as a supplement to the Local Management chapter of the DIGITAL’s user’s guides for devices that support 802.1Q VLANs.

  • Page 10: Document Conventions

    Preface DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS The following conventions are used throughout this document: Note symbol. Calls the reader’s attention to any item of NOTE information that may be of special importance. In Local Management sections, Bold type indicates fields, field values, and commands that can be highlighted or selected by the user. In Local Management sections, keystrokes are shown in UPPERCASE.
  • Page 11 • A description of any action(s) already taken to resolve the problem (e.g., changing mode switches, rebooting the unit, etc.) • A description of your network environment (layout, cable type, etc.) • Network load and frame size at the time of trouble (if known) •...
  • Page 12 Preface 802.1Q VLAN User’s Guide...

  • Page 13: Chapter 1 Virtual Local Area Networks

    CHAPTER 1 VIRTUAL LOCAL AREA NETWORKS This chapter introduces the concepts of Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) and discusses the central concepts of IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. This chapter also contains information on how to contact DIGITAL for additional support related to VLANs. DEFINING VLANs A Virtual Local Area Network is a group of devices that function as a single Local Area Network segment (broadcast domain).

  • Page 14: Example Of A Vlan

    Chapter 1: Virtual Local Area Networks Building One Building Two trunk MultiSwitch 700 MultiSwitch 700 Member of Sales Network Member of Finance Network 2664-01 Figure 1-1 Example of a VLAN In this example, the Sales and Finance workstations have been placed on two separate VLANs.

  • Page 15: Types Of Vlans

    TYPES OF VLANs There are a number of different strategies for creating Virtual Local Area Networks, each with their own approaches to defining a station’s membership in a particular VLAN. 1.2.1 802.1Q VLANs An 802.1Q VLAN switch determines the membership of a data frame by examining the configuration of the port that received the transmission or reading a portion of the data frame’s tag header.

  • Page 16: Vlan Terms

    Chapter 1: Virtual Local Area Networks (FIDs) security can be implemented to enable or prevent users from one or more VLANs from communicating with each other. One or more VLANs can be assigned to a FID so that all the users that are members of the VLANs of a FID can communicate with each other regardless of their VLAN affiliation.
  • Page 17 VLAN Terms Configuration screen. By default a VLAN is assigned to the FID that matches its VLAN ID. Tag Header (VLAN Tag) Four bytes of data inserted in a frame that identifies the VLAN/frame classification. The Tag Header is inserted into the frame directly after the Source MAC address field.
  • Page 18 Chapter 1: Virtual Local Area Networks a 1Q Trunk port has all VLANs in its Port VLAN List and is configured to transmit all frames as tagged frames. A 1Q Trunk drops all incoming frames that do not have a VLAN tag. 1D Trunk A connection from a switch that passes only untagged traffic.

  • Page 19: Chapter 2 Vlan Operation

    This chapter describes the operation of a VLAN switch and discusses the operations that a VLAN switch performs in response to both normal and VLAN-originated network traffic. DESCRIPTION The 802.1Q VLAN operation is slightly different than the operation of traditional switched networking systems. These differences are due to the importance of keeping track of each frame and its VLAN association as it passes from switch to switch or from port to port within a switch.

  • Page 20: Configuration Process

    Chapter 2: VLAN Operation CONFIGURATION PROCESS A VLAN requires a series of configuration steps in order to begin operating. DIGITAL’s VLAN aware MultiSwitch 700s default to operate in the 802.1Q VLAN mode. However, further configuration is necessary to establish multiple logical networks. The actual steps involved in VLAN configuration using Local NOTE Management are presented in Chapter 3, VLAN...

  • Page 21: Customizing The Vlan Forwarding List

    VLAN Switch Operation 2.3.3 Customizing the VLAN Forwarding List Once the ports that will participate in the VLAN have been associated with a VLAN ID (PVID), the VLAN Forwarding List can be customized. By assigning a PVID to a port, that port is automatically placed in the VLAN Forwarding List with a frame type of untagged.

  • Page 22: Receiving Frames From Vlan Ports

    Chapter 2: VLAN Operation Figure 2-1 depicts the inside of a switch with six ports, numbered one through six. The switch has been configured to associate VLAN A and B with FID 2, VLAN C and D with FID 3, and VLAN E with FID 4. Port 6 has been classified as a 1Q Trunk Port.

  • Page 23: Forwarding Decisions

    The switch will now make a forwarding decision on the frame, as described in Section 2.4.2, Forwarding Decisions. Tagged Frames In this example, the switch receives a tagged frame from Port 4. The switch examines the frame and notices the frame is tagged for VLAN C. This frame may have already been through a VLAN aware switch, or originated from a station capable of specifying a VLAN membership.
  • Page 24 Chapter 2: VLAN Operation For example, assume that a frame is received by the switch depicted in Figure 2-1. This frame is a unicast untagged frame received on Port 3. The frame is then classified for VLAN C. The switch then makes its forwarding decision by comparing the destination MAC address to its filtering database.

  • Page 25: Chapter 3 Vlan Configuration

    VLAN CONFIGURATION This chapter describes how to set up the switch for local or remote management, and the VLAN Local Management screens used to create and configure VLANs in a MultiSwitch 700. MANAGING THE SWITCH The switch may be managed locally via a terminal connected to the COM port, or remotely (SNMP or Telnet sessions) from a management station connected to a switch port that is a member of the same VLAN as the switch’s Host Data Port.

  • Page 26: Switch With Vlans

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3.1.2 Switch with VLANs If the switch is to be configured for multiple VLANs, it may be desirable to configure a management-only VLAN. This allows a management station connected to the management VLAN to manage all ports on the switch and make management secure by preventing management via ports assigned to other VLANs.
  • Page 27 b. Set the FID so the Management VLAN has its own number to make the VLAN secure. In this example, the FID is 3 and no other VLAN should be assigned to this FID. This keeps the new VLAN from sharing its filtering database with other VLANs in the switch.

  • Page 28: Summary Of Vlan Local Management

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration No matter how many switches are connected, a management station connected to any port on the same Management VLAN can be used to remotely manage any DIGITAL’s 802.1Q switch in the network as long as the Host Data Port of all the switches are members of the same Management VLAN.

  • Page 29: 802.1Q Vlan Configuration Menu Screen

    802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu Screen It may also be helpful to sketch out a diagram of your VLAN strategy. The examples provided in Chapter 4 may be useful for a depiction of the planning process. Access Local Management as described in your device user’s guide. Perform all required initial setup operations.
  • Page 30 Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration To access the 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu screen from the module, device, or chassis specific Configuration Menu screen, use the arrow keys to highlight the 802.1Q VLAN CONFIGURATION MENU item and press ENTER. The 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu screen, Figure 3-4, displays.
  • Page 31 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu Screen PORT ASSIGNMENT CONFIGURATION The Port Assignment Configuration screen displays a list of ports and enables the user to assign a Port VLAN ID (PVID) to each port. The screen also allows the user to change the operational mode of a port. Refer to Section 3.5 for additional information.

  • Page 32: Device/Vlan Configuration Screen

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration DEVICE/VLAN CONFIGURATION SCREEN The Device/VLAN Configuration screen enables the user to define operating characteristics for the switch and enables the user to add, name, delete, enable, and disable VLANs, and assign VLANs to FIDs. The screen will display up to eight VLANs simultaneously. To access the Device/VLAN Configuration screen from the 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu screen, use the arrow keys to highlight the DEVICE/VLAN CONFIGURATION menu item and press ENTER.
  • Page 33 Device/VLAN Configuration Screen The following defines each field of the Device/VLAN Configuration screen: Forward Default VLAN Out All Ports (Toggle) Allows the Administrator to assign or remove the default VLAN from the Port VLAN List for all ports. When set to YES, the default VLAN is added to the Port VLAN List of all ports that do not already include it.
  • Page 34 Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration VLAN Name - lower part of screen (Modifiable) Used to assign or change names of VLANs. The VLAN Name (with up to 32 characters) is an optional attribute of a VLAN, and is not required for VLAN operation.

  • Page 35: Changing The Vlan To Fid Association

    8. Press the SPACE bar to select ADD for a defined VLAN. Press ENTER. The new VLAN will be added to the VLAN list. The message “VLAN ADDED” displays in the Event Message Line in the upper left-hand corner of the screen. The VLAN will not be saved to the switch until the configuration is saved.

  • Page 36: Deleting A Vlan

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3. Type a name of up to 32 ASCII characters in the VLAN Name field. Press ENTER. If the name is valid, the Event Message Line in the upper left hand corner of the screen displays “VLAN # UPDATED”, where # represents the entered VLAN name.

  • Page 37: Disabling Vlans

    3.4.6 Disabling VLANs To disable a VLAN, proceed as follows: 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the Admin Status field of the selected VLAN. 2. Press the SPACE bar to toggle the field to display Disabled. 3. Use the arrow keys to highlight the SAVE command at the bottom of the screen.

  • Page 38: Paging Through The Vlan List

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3.4.8 Paging Through the VLAN List To display additional VLANs that do not display in the current VLAN List as shown on the screen, use the NEXT or PREVIOUS commands located at the bottom of the screen, as follows: The NEXT and PREVIOUS fields will only display if there are NOTE further VLAN List entries to page through.
  • Page 39 Module Type: xxxxx-xx Slot Number: xx Port Port Mode [1D TRUNK] [1Q TRUNK] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] [HYBRID] SAVE Figure 3-6 Port Assignment Configuration Screen The following defines each field of the Port Assignment screen: Port (Read-Only) Lists the port numbers of the interfaces of the current module.

  • Page 40: Changing The Port Mode

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration FID (Read-Only) Displays the FID associated with the VLAN ID. This field updates as the associated VLAN ID field is changed. VLAN Name (Read-Only) The name that is associated with the current VLAN ID. If a name was not assigned to a VLAN, “NOT DEFINED”...

  • Page 41: Assigning A Vlan Id

    3. When the desired operational mode for the port is displayed, use the arrow keys to highlight the SAVE command at the bottom of the screen. 4. Press ENTER. The message “SAVED OK” displays. 3.5.2 Assigning a VLAN ID The Port Assignment Configuration screen also enables the user to set each port’s VLAN ID (PVID) by stepping through a list of all configured VLANs.

  • Page 42: Paging Through The Port List

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3.5.3 Paging Through the Port List To display additional ports that do not display in the current screen, use the NEXT or PREVIOUS commands at the bottom of the screen, as follows: The NEXT and PREVIOUS fields will only display if there are NOTE further Port List entries to page through.
  • Page 43 Module Type: xxxxx-xx Slot Number: xx Port: [002] SAVE Figure 3-7 Port Filtering Configuration Screen The following defines each field of the Port Filtering Configuration screen: VLAN ID (Read-Only) Displays the VLAN ID of the VLANs that are configured to have their frames transmitted out the port selected in the Port # field.

  • Page 44: Displaying Vlan Ids Associated With A Port

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration Filter Using VLAN Lists (Toggle) Used to filter out (drop) frames that are classified, via their VLAN tag, as belonging to a VLAN that is not on the Port VLAN List and prevent them from being forwarded by the switch. This field toggles between YES and NO.

  • Page 45: Selecting The Type Of Filtering For A Port

    3.6.2 Selecting the Type of Filtering for a Port A port can be set to filter out received frames according to its Port VLAN List. This keeps them from being transmitted and drops all untagged frames from being transmitted. To set this type of filtering, proceed as follows: 1.
  • Page 46 Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration To access the VLAN Forwarding Configuration screen from the 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu screen, use the arrow keys to highlight the VLAN FORWARDING CONFIGURATION menu item and press ENTER. The VLAN Forwarding Configuration screen, Figure 3-8, displays.

  • Page 47: Viewing Current Vlan Ports

    VLAN ID (Selectable) The identification of the VLAN under examination. This screen displays the list of ports currently configured to transmit frames for the VLAN ID in this field. VLAN Name (Read-Only) The name associated with the VLAN ID. ADD/DELETE (Toggle) Swaps the action taken to add or delete a port from the VLAN Forwarding List.

  • Page 48: Adding Forwarding List Entries

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3.7.3 Adding Forwarding List Entries To add a port to the VLAN Forwarding List, proceed as follows: 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the VLAN ID field. Use the SPACE bar or BACKSPACE to step to the desired VLAN ID and VLAN Name.

  • Page 49: Changing The Frame Format

    5. Press ENTER. The message “SAVED OK” displays. The port is deleted from the VLAN Forwarding List of the selected VLAN. 3.7.5 Changing the Frame Format To change the frame format for a port, proceed as follows: 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the Port field. Step through the available ports by pressing the SPACE bar or BACKSPACE.
  • Page 50 Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3. Use the arrow keys to highlight the VLAN ID field. Assign a number to a new VLAN by typing the number “2” in the VLAN ID field. 4. Use the arrow keys to highlight the FID field. In this example we will assign the new VLAN to FID 2 by typing the number “2”...

  • Page 51: Walkthrough Stage One

    Module Type: xxxxx-xx Slot Number: xx VLAN ID VLAN ID: 1 FID: 2 SAVE Figure 3-9 Walkthrough Stage One It is now time to assign a port to this new VLAN. 9. Use the arrow keys to highlight the RETURN command at the bottom of the screen.

  • Page 52: Walkthrough Stage Two

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 11. Use the SPACE bar to step sequentially through the previously configured VLAN ID numbers. When the number 0002 (the new VLAN ID) is displayed, the FID field updates to 0002, and the VLAN Name field updates showing the name assigned to this VLAN, TEST VLAN.

  • Page 53: Walkthrough Stage Three

    For the purposes of this walkthrough, port 10 will be configured NOTE as the trunk port. 13. Use the arrow keys to highlight the Port Mode field for port 10. Use the SPACE bar or BACKSPACE key to step sequentially through the possible settings of the port until 1Q TRUNK is displayed.

  • Page 54: Walkthrough Stage Four

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration Press ENTER. The Device/VLAN Configuration screen, Figure 3-12, displays. Module Type: xxxxx-xx Slot Number: xx VLAN ID VLAN ID: 1 FID: 2 SAVE Figure 3-12 Walkthrough Stage Four 16. Use the arrow keys to highlight the Admin Status field of VLAN ID 2, the TEST VLAN.
  • Page 55 This effectively completes the configuration of a single VLAN, assigning it to a port, and configuring the switch to forward the frames received on that port to be forwarded with the VLAN information included in the frame. The Port VLAN List of any port on the device can also be checked at any time using the Port Filtering Configuration screen.

  • Page 56: Final Walkthrough Stage

    Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration Module Type: xxxxx-xx Slot Number: xx Port VLAN List VLAN ID 0001 0001 Port : [10] SAVE Figure 3-13 Final Walkthrough Stage This effectively completes the displaying of the Port VLAN List and the setting of the port filtering of all untagged frames. 3-32 MS 700 LOCAL MANAGEMENT Port Filtering Configuration...

  • Page 57: Examples

    This chapter provides examples of how VLAN aware MultiSwitch 700s can be configured to group users at the port level to create VLANs in existing networks. Each example presents a problem and shows how it is solved by configuring the switches using the VLAN Local Management screens.

  • Page 58: Solving The Problem

    Chapter 4: Examples 4.1.1 Solving the Problem To set up this switch, users will be assigned to two new VLANs, red stations to the Red VLAN, and blue stations to the Blue VLAN. The information below describes how the switch is configured to create these two VLANs and how users are assigned to them.

  • Page 59: Frame Handling

    4. Now that the ports have been assigned, the VLANs are enabled from the Device/VLAN Configuration screen. Figure 4-2 Switch Configured for VLANs The switch will now classify each frame received as belonging to either the Red or Blue VLANs. Traffic from one VLAN will not be forwarded to the members of the other VLAN, and all frames transmitted by the switch will be normal, untagged Ethernet frames.

  • Page 60: Example 2

    Chapter 4: Examples 3. Once the frame is classified, its destination MAC address is examined. The switch discovers that the frame is a broadcast, and treats it as it would any other unknown destination MAC address. The switch forwards the frame out all ports in the Red VLAN’s Forwarding List except for the one that received the frame.

  • Page 61: Example 2

    Redco User A Floor 4 Floor 3 Blue Industries Floor 2 Floor 1 User 802.1D Legacy Bridge 4.2.1 Solving the Problem To solve the problem in this example, the users are assigned to VLANs using Switch 4 and Switch 2 as shown in Figure 4-3. Redco users are assigned to the Red VLAN and Blue Industries users to the Blue VLAN.
  • Page 62 Chapter 4: Examples Switch 4 Switch 4 is set as follows: 1. On the Port Filtering Configuration screen, the Filter Using Port VLAN Lists is set to YES for ALL ports. This prevents tagged frames from being forwarded according to each Port VLAN List, preventing users on the Red VLAN from communicating with users on the Blue VLAN.

  • Page 63: Frame Handling

    Switch 2 Switch 2 is set as follows: 1. On the Port Filtering Configuration screen, the Filter Using Port VLAN Lists is set to YES for ALL ports. 2. Two VLANs are added to the list of VLANs in the Device/VLAN Configuration screen and assigned to a FID.

  • Page 64: Bridge 1 Broadcasts Frames

    Chapter 4: Examples Redco User A Floor 4 Figure 4-4 Bridge 1 Broadcasts Frames 2. Switch 4 receives the frame from Bridge 1 and immediately classifies it as belonging to the Red VLAN. After the frame is classified, Switch 4 checks the Destination Address and, upon discovering that it is a Broadcast Destination Address, forwards the frame out all ports in the Red VLAN Forwarding List excluding Port 1, which received the frame.

  • Page 65: Transmitting To Switch 4

    Redco Bridge 1 User A Red VLAN Floor 4 Floor 3 Blue Industries Bridge 3 Blue VLAN Floor 2 Figure 4-5 Transmitting to Switch 4 3. When Switch 2 receives the tagged frame on its Port 2, it checks the frame’s VLAN Tag Header and determines that the frame is classified as belonging to the Red VLAN, and that the frame is a broadcast frame.

  • Page 66: Transmitting To Bridge 4

    Chapter 4: Examples Floor 3 Blue Industries Floor 2 Figure 4-6 Transmitting to Bridge 4 4. The File Server responds with a unicast frame to User A. All switches between the File Server and User A have an entry in their respective Source Address Tables identifying which port to use for forwarding the frame to User A, MAC address “Y”...

  • Page 67: Example 3

    EXAMPLE 3 This final example illustrates the use of a 1D Trunk to connect a device to a network of 802.1Q VLAN switches. In this example, illustrated in Figure 4-7, a merger has taken place between Redco and Blue Industries, the companies in the previous example.

  • Page 68: Solving The Problem

    Chapter 4: Examples The Green, Inc. Network Administrators want to continue to separate normal network traffic between the Blue and Red VLANs, and create a new isolated VLAN for Green, Inc. users. All divisions in the facility are to have equal access to the Mail Server on the first floor. 4.3.1 Solving the Problem Much of the existing network configuration can remain as it was for...

  • Page 69: Frame Handling

    Switch 1 Switch 1 is set as follows: 1. On the Port Filtering Configuration screen, the Filter Using Port VLAN Lists is set to YES for ALL ports. 2. The Forward Default VLAN Out All Ports is set to YES using the Device/VLAN Configuration screen.

  • Page 70: Bridge 1 Broadcasts Frames

    Chapter 4: Examples 2. Switch 4 receives the frame and classifies this new untagged frame as belonging to the Red VLAN. Since the frame is a broadcast, it is forwarded to any ports that are classified as eligible to receive Red VLAN frames.

  • Page 71: Switch 2 Forwards To 1Q Trunk

    Floor 3 Floor 2 Figure 4-9 Switch 2 Forwards to 1Q Trunk 4. When Switch 1 receives the tagged broadcast frame, it also examines the tag and classifies the frame as belonging to the Red VLAN. This broadcast frame is then sent to all ports eligible to receive Red VLAN frames.
  • Page 72 Chapter 4: Examples Switch 1 checks the Filtering Database for the MAC address of User B. User B’s MAC address is located, and Port 2 is identified as User B’s location. The frame is then checked for eligibility and frame format for Port 2.
  • Page 73 Numerics 1D Trunk 1-6, 3-16, 4-11 1Q Trunk 1-5, 3-16, 4-4 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu screen 3-5 Chapters organization vii Configuration 2-2 Conventions viii Default VLAN 1-5 Device/VLAN Configuration screen 3-8 Examples 4-1 FID. See Filtering Database ID Filtering Database 1-5 Filtering Database ID 1-4 Forwarding list 1-5 adding entries 3-24...
  • Page 74 Index Screens 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu 3-5 Device/VLAN Configuration 3-8 Port Assignment Configuration 3-14 Port Filtering Configuration 3-18 VLAN Forwarding Configuration 3-21 Station 2-1 Switch 2-1 Tag 1-5 Tag Header 1-5 Tagged frame 1-5, 2-5 Untagged frame 1-5, 2-4 VLAN Index-2 assigning ports 2-2 components 2-1...

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