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Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch 04-0053-01 User Manual

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SmartSwitch ATM Switch
User Guide
35 Industrial Way
Rochester, NH 03866
USA
(603) 332-9400
Part Number 04-0053-01 Rev. A
Order Number 9033002

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Summary of Contents for Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch 04-0053-01

  • Page 1 SmartSwitch ATM Switch User Guide 35 Industrial Way Rochester, NH 03866 (603) 332-9400 Part Number 04-0053-01 Rev. A Order Number 9033002...
  • Page 2 Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, and software described in this manual are subject to change without notice.
  • Page 3 Le present appareil numerique n’emet pas de bruits radioelectriques depassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques de la class A prescrites dans le Reglement sur le brouillage radioelectrique edicte par le ministere des Communications du Canada. SmartSwitch ATM Switch User Guide iii...
  • Page 4 Manufacturer: Legal Repersentative in Europe: iv SmartSwitch ATM Switch User Guide 89/336/EEC 73/23/EEC Cabletron Systems, Inc. 35 Industrial Way P. O. Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03866 SmartSwitch ATM switches Mr. J. Solari Cabletron Systems, Limited...
  • Page 5 Do not use optical instruments to view the laser output. The use of optical instruments to view laser output increases eye hazard. When viewing the output optical port, you must remove power from the network adapter. watts. or 8x10 SmartSwitch ATM Switch User Guide v sr-1.
  • Page 6 Reconnect cable and check for proper mating. If problems remain, gently wipe out optical port with a DRY fiber port cleaning swab and repeat step 1. To avoid contamination, replace port caps on all fiber optic devices when not Warning in use. vi SmartSwitch ATM Switch User Guide...
  • Page 7 SmartSwitch ATM switches meet the safety requirements of UL 1950, CSA C22.2 No. 950, EN 60950, IEC 950, and 73/23/EEC. SmartSwitch ATM switches meet the EMC requirements of FCC Part 15, EN 55022, CSA C108.8, VCCI V-3/93.01, EN 50082-1, and 89/336/EEC. SmartSwitch ATM Switch User Guide vii...

  • Page 8: Revision History

    REVISION HISTORY Document Name: SmartSwitch ATM Switch User Guide Document Part Number: 04-0053-01 Rev. A Document Order Number: 9033002 Author: Bruce Jordan Editor: Ayesha Maqsood Illustrator: Mike Fornalski Date Revision >ÀV…Ê£™™™ " viii SmartSwitch ATM Switch User Guide Description Initial release...

  • Page 9: Table Of Contents

    SmartSwitch ATM Switch Differences........
  • Page 10 Connecting to Local Switch Client Through a PVC ....... . .
  • Page 11 Table of Contents Troubleshooting Congestion ............9-4 9.4.1 Diagnosing Congestion .
  • Page 12 Table of Contents SmartSwitch ATM User Guide...
  • Page 13 Routes needed for a second IISP switch ........
  • Page 14 List of Figures xiv SmartSwitch ATM User Guide...

  • Page 15: List Of Tables

    List of Tables LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1 ELAN Join Policies............. . . 2-12 Table 6-1 Traffic descriptor type number explanation .
  • Page 16 List of Tables SmartSwitch ATM User Guide...

  • Page 17: Introduction

    INTRODUCTION Welcome to the SmartSwitch ATM User Guide. This manual provides instructions and information about switch use, maintenance, and problem solving for all SmartSwitch ATM switches. These include • SmartSwitch 2500 Workgroup and Backbone ATM switches • SmartSwitch 6A000 ATM switch modules •...

  • Page 18: Smartswitch Atm Switch Differences

    • Soft PVPs (all SmartSwitch ATM switches support soft PVCs) • BUS logical multicasting • Switch redundancy and automatic fail-over • Network clocking Note It is clearly stated within the text of this User Guide whether a particular feature is supported only by the SmartSwitch 6500.

  • Page 19: Ip Over Atm And Lane

    : 90.1.1.1 NetMask(255.0.0.0) : 255.255.255.0 MTU(9180) SmartSwitch # The example above creates a client on the switch, designates the client as the ARP server for the VLAN ), and assigns the client an IP address and subnet mask. ServerType local...
  • Page 20 IP over ATM VLAN is functional by pinging from one end device to another. To make certain that all end devices are registered with the ARP server, you can inspect the switch’s ARP table using command. For example, if three end devices with IP addresses 90.1.1.2, 90.1.1.3, and 90.1.1.4 are...

  • Page 21: Default Atm Addressing For Ip Over Atm

    IP Over ATM and LANE If configured devices fail to join the VLAN, see Chapter 4, "Routing." Section 4.3. Note Also, see Chapter 9, "Troubleshooting." 2.1.1 Default ATM Addressing for IP over ATM ATM SmartSwitches provide a default format for ATM addresses used by IP over ATM. SmartSwitch 2500 family ATM switches and SmartSwitch 6500 switches use Note different methods for producing the default netprefix.

  • Page 22: Creating An Emulated Lan

    Creating an Emulated LAN CREATING AN EMULATED LAN This section describes the steps for implementing an Emulated LAN (ELAN) on your SmartSwitch ATM switch. If LANE services are to be reached through a virtual port on an ATM Note SmartSwitch, this switch must be a SmartSwitch 6500. Only the SmartSwitch 6500 supports logical multicasting.
  • Page 23 LAN Emulation as the connection type, assigning the device an IP address that corresponds to the subnet of the switch’s client, and indicating that you want the device to either always prompts you with a subnet mask that is...

  • Page 24: Atm Addressing For Lan Emulation

    Your ELAN is now operational. Additional ELANs can be created in the same way. Note While it is possible for a single ELAN on an ATM SmartSwitch to support multiple subnets, in general, switch performance is best (and management easiest) when the “One-subnet-per-ELAN” rule is observed. 2.2.1...
  • Page 25 IP Over ATM and LANE Creating an Emulated LAN The LECS address is constructed from: netprefix + CPU MAC address + selector byte of 01 For example netprefix = 39:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:14:41:89 chassis MAC address = 00:20:D4:14:41:80 then, default LECS address = 39:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:14:41:80:00:20:D4:14:41:80:01 The LES and BUS have the same ATM address.

  • Page 26: Elans Across Multiple Switches

    ELANs Across Multiple Switches ELANs can exist within a single switch, or they can span multiple switches. When an ELAN spans multiple switches, it’s important that all switches within the group use the same LECS (see note, below). The general rule is: “Within an administrative domain (a group of switches with related ELANs), there should be one and only one LECS.”...

  • Page 27: Switch Clients

    VLAN connection to the ATM SmartSwitch’s CPU (Here, we use the term VLAN to mean any type of “virtual LAN,” whether LANE or IP over ATM.). This CPU connection appears as if the switch is an end station on the virtual LAN.
  • Page 28 Creating an Emulated LAN Use the command to create an LES on switch SW2: add leselan SW2 # add leselan ELANNumber(0) ELANName(ELAN001) ConnectMethod(SVC) ELANType(802.3) Multipoint(YES) MTU(1516) ErrorLogEnable(NO) MinimumTDEnable(NO) ForwardPeakCellRate(0) BackwardPeakCellRate(0) Distribute(PROXY) BUSATMAddress(39:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:14:41:80:00:20:D4:14:41:81:02): — Created by add buselan SW2 # Use the...

  • Page 29: Elan Join Policies

    LECS. Finally, the LECS is created. If needed, all three ELAN services can exist on separate switches. For example, the BUS can exist on one switch (use command), the LES can exist on another switch (use the...
  • Page 30 Creating an Emulated LAN If the default ELAN (ELAN 0) has been deleted, the client is dropped. Note By using ELAN join policies, clients attempting to join LANE services can be assigned to specific ELANs. Table 2-1 lists the ELAN join policies that can be configured on an ATM SmartSwitch. Table 2-1 ELAN Join Policies Policy No.
  • Page 31 IP Over ATM and LANE Use the command to create ELAN join policies. The following is an example of creating an add lecselanpolicy ELAN join policy based on the By Packet Size policy. SmartSwitch # add lecselanpolicy PolicyIndex() Type() ELAN Policy Type (Values from 1 to 7 representing, in order, the policies BestEffort, byATMAddress, byMacAddress, byRouteDescriptor, byLANType, byPacketSize and byELANName).

  • Page 32: Lane Over Wan Circuits

    Creating an Emulated LAN In the following example, a client is identified by its ATM address and IP address, and associates it with ELAN number SmartSwitch # add lecselanlec AtmAddress() MACAddress/RouteDesc() Layer3Address[IP]() ELANNumber(0) TLVSet() SmartSwitch # If the currently defined ELAN policies use either Best Effort or By ATM Address and/or By IP Address, the client with the ATM address and IP address specified above will be assigned to ELAN 1.

  • Page 33: Figure 2-1 Single Pvp Connection Between Clients And Lane Services

    BUS understands that all requests are coming from a particular port. Accordingly, the BUS replies over that port, and it is up to the switch at the other end of the PVP connection to sort out which reply belongs to which client (see Figure 2-2).

  • Page 34: Using Lnni

    LANE services across an ATM WAN using multiple PVPs and if client join requests for the same ELAN are received over different PVPs, you must use a SmartSwitch 6500 as the LANE services switch.

  • Page 35: Figure 2-3 Lnni Redundant Lecss On Same Network

    Running multiple LECSs, alleviates the bottleneck of a single LECS supporting all clients on all ELANs. Under LNNI, a client requesting a call setup is serviced by the LECS, LES and BUS on the switch that it’s directly connected to, leaving other SmartSwitch ATM switches free to service the call setups from their directly attached clients (see Figure 2-4).

  • Page 36: Figure 2-4 Lnni Call Set Up Load Sharing

    For example, In Figure 2-5, Clients A, B, and C are assigned to the LES/BUS of the switch to which each is physically attached. Client D’s switch is not running an LES/BUS under LNNI, and is assigned to an LES/BUS on some other switch.

  • Page 37: Figure 2-5 How Lnni Handles Elan Join Requests

    Figure 2-5 How LNNI handles ELAN join requests Setting up LNNI LECs The procedure for setting up LNNI on a SmartSwitch ATM switch is performed by executing the following basic steps: • Shut down all LANE services — LECS, LES and BUS •...
  • Page 38 — On SW1, LECSID will be zero command, specifying a different LECSID for SW2 — On SW2, LECSID will be one -1, indicates that the LECS is not used on this switch. The on switches participating in LNNI that are LECID ”).
  • Page 39 Error Logging : NO Min TD Negotiation : NO SW1 # elan1 : elan1 ) on SW2: : elan1 command to obtain the ATM address of the LECS on that switch Creating an Emulated LAN SmartSwitch ATM User Guide 2-21...
  • Page 40 SW2 # The LECSs on switch SW1 and SW2 are now configured for LNNI and are running redundantly. If, for example, LANE services goes down on SW1, its clients can rejoin the ELAN by registering with LANE services on SW2.
  • Page 41 — Two LECS’ are running redundantly for ELAN 1 ( On switch SW3, enter the stop lecs to make sure the LECS is not running on this switch. SW3 # stop lecs Confirm(y/n)?:y NOTICE - 'LECS' ***** LECS shutdown *****...
  • Page 42 LES with the appropriate ARP information. On SW3, use the command to activate the switch’s LES and BUS. start les SW3 # start les NOTICE - 'ZLESSRV' ***** LES started ***** SW3 # Once the LES/BUS is started, it registers with each LECS running LNNI on the network.
  • Page 43 SW1 # In this example, show lecsserverlist whether the server is associated with the LECS on the switch on which the executed. If the server is associated with this switch’s LECS (SW1), associated with an LECS on a different switch, is entered on SW1.
  • Page 44 Creating an Emulated LAN IP Over ATM and LANE 2-26 SmartSwitch ATM User Guide...

  • Page 45: Pnni Routing

    Default Node ID = level + child node’s peer group level (see note) + 39 + nine zero (00) bytes + last three bytes of chassis MAC address + switch MAC address with 127 summed with the last byte + zero (00) byte...
  • Page 46 127 summed with the last byte + byte containing node index starting at zero (0) for the first node Use the command to view SmartSwitch ATM switch PNNI node parameters. For example: show pnninode SmartSwitch # show pnninode NodeIndex(1)

  • Page 47: Multi-Level Pnni Topology

    Select one (or more) ATM SmartSwitch within each peer group as the Peer Group Leader (PGL). • Add a higher-level PNNI node to each PGL switch. This higher-level node represents its peer group as a Logical Group Node (LGN) within the next highest (parent) peer group. Connectivity between the peer groups is established within the parent peer group.

  • Page 48: Figure 3-1 Physical Connectivity For Multi-Peer Group Example

    Console: You will have to reboot for the new node configuration to take effect. SWA1 # Reboot the switch, and repeat the process for switches SWA2 and SWA3. 3-4 SmartSwitch ATM User Guide SWA3...
  • Page 49 =========================================================================== 206.61.237.20 206.61.237.19 SWA3 # Select switch SWA3 to be the PGL of group A and switch SWB3 to be the PGL of group B. Use the command to add a second, higher-level, node to switch SWA3: add pnninode SWA3 # add pnninode...
  • Page 50 ParentNodeIndex(0) InitTime(15) OverrideDelay(30) ReElectTime(15) SWB3 # Use the show pnnipglelection the PGLs of their respective peer groups. For example, on switch SWA3, enter the following: SWA3 # show pnnipglelection NodeIndex(1) PGL Election Information ================================================================================ Node Index Leadership Priority : 205...

  • Page 51: Physical Connections Between Peer Groups

    PNNI Routing Connectivity is now established between the two peer groups. For example, if LANE services are running on a switch within peer group A, LANE clients can exist in group B. The clients in group B will traverse the link between the two groups, find the LANE server in group A, and join the ELAN.

  • Page 52: Figure 3-3 Adding A Third Pnni Node For Next Level Connectivity

    Multi-level PNNI Topology Add a third node (at level 64) to either switch SWA3 or SWB3. Use the command to designate the switch’s second node (not third) as the set pnnipglelection PGL for the parent peer group, and specify the third node as the parent node of the second.

  • Page 53: Managing Parallel Pnni Links

    By default, parallel links are considered to have equal capabilities with regard to call set ups. For example, if a second link is added between switch SWA3 and switch SWB3 (from the example above), this parallel link can be seen using the...

  • Page 54: Aggregation Tokens

    Continuing with the earlier example of multi-level topologies, add a second physical PNNI link between peer groups A and B by physically connecting switch SWA2 to switch SWB2. By setting the aggregation token of this physical link to a value different from the physical link connecting switches SWA3 and SWB3, a second logical link appears within the parent group.

  • Page 55: Pnni Link Timing

    PNNI Routing The physical connection from switch SWA2 to switch SWB2 is now advertised as a second logical link within the parent peer group (see Figure 3-4). Level 72 SWA1 SWA2 Aggregation Token = 0 Figure 3-4 Aggregation token values and parallel links 3.3.2...
  • Page 56 However, certain time-sensitive implementations of PNNI may require that link fail occur either immediately or after a period of time longer than three seconds. Use the for the SmartSwitch ATM switch to assume a link has failed. For example, two SmartSwitch ATM switches are connected with parallel PNNI links. To configure the switches to...

  • Page 57: Routing

    4 ROUTING ADDITIONAL ROUTING PROTOCOLS Along with PNNI, all ATM SmartSwitches support additional ATM routing protocols: • IISP — Use to connect with devices that do not support PNNI • UNI — Use to connect end stations (also to connect devices whose implementation of ILMI is incompatible with the ATM SmartSwitch) Both IISP and UNI routes are created and modified using the Note...

  • Page 58: Iisp Routing Considerations

    IISP Routes For IISP routes, always set the Note . This indicates that the route is external to the PNNI domain. external Note add atmroute the route. Metrics are created using the assigned to routes by metric tag numbers. By setting the appropriate administrative weights within metrics, it’s possible to create parallel load-sharing or fail-over routes.

  • Page 59: Figure 4-1 Iisp Route Across Pnni Domain

    In Figure 4-1 Switch A is an IISP device connected to the PNNI domain through Switch B. Switch A contains an LEC, which is a member of an ELAN whose LECS is on Switch C (within the PNNI domain). If the LEC on Switch A is to make contact with the LECS on Switch C, Switch A must contain an IISP route directly to switch C.

  • Page 60: Iisp Link Timing

    However, certain time-sensitive implementations may require that link fail occurs either immediately or after a longer period of time than three seconds. Use the SmartSwitch ATM switch to assume an IISP route has failed. For example, two SmartSwitch ATM switches are connected with parallel IISP links. To configure the switches to...

  • Page 61: Uni Routes

    Routing UNI ROUTES Use the command to create UNI routes. For example, connect an end station adapter (with MAC address add atmroute 00:11:22:33:44:55) to port of a SmartSwitch 6500. If the adapter does not support ILMI or its ILMI is incompatible with the SmartSwitch 6500, you must create a static UNI route between the adapter and port 6500.

  • Page 62: Uni Link Timing

    For example, a SmartSwitch ATM switch is connected to two UNI uplinks (one active, one standby) through two separate ports. One switch port is connected to the active UNI uplink and the other switch port is connected to the standby UNI uplink. To configure the switch to immediately recognize any lapse in traffic on the active UNI uplink...

  • Page 63: Route Metrics

    For a complete description of all Note ATM Switch Reference Manual. In the following example, a metric pair is created (with metric tag of 9), which specifies CBR as the Service Category, administrative weight of 200, Max Cell Rate of 1000 cells per second, and an Available Cell Rate of 750 cells per second.
  • Page 64 Route Metrics Create the outgoing member of the metric pair: SmartSwitch # add pnnimetric Executing this command : add PnniMetrics MetricsTag(1) TrafficDirection(Outgoing) ServiceCategory(UBR) GCAC_CLP(2) AdminWt(5040) MaxCellRate(NotUsed) AvailableCellRate(NotUsed) MaximumCellTransferDelay(NotUsed) CellDelayVariation(NotUsed) CellLossRatioForCLP=0(NotUsed) CellLossRatioForCLP=0+1(NotUsed) CellRateMargin(NotUsed) VarianceFactor(NotUsed) SmartSwitch # Create the incoming member of the metric pair: SmartSwitch # add pnnimetric Executing this command : add PnniMetrics MetricsTag(1)

  • Page 65: Ip Routing For Management

    Ethernet-based network management system (NMS). The connection is made by adding IP routes on the non-connected switches that specify a client on a connected switch as their gateway to the Ethernet. ATM SmartSwitch IP routing performance is inadequate for routing between Note VLANs.

  • Page 66: Figure 4-3 Ip Routing Through Sw1 For Connectivity To The Ethernet Network

    Figure 4-3 IP routing through SW1 for connectivity to the Ethernet network The NMS must also contain a route that specifies the Ethernet interface of the Note Ethernet connected switch as the gateway to the ELAN subnet. 4-10 SmartSwitch ATM User Guide command on SW2...

  • Page 67: Virtual Ports And Static Connections

    ATM SmartSwitches support Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs), both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint. Use PVCs to connect devices (that do not support SVCs) to a switch’s local client. Also, use PVCs to make connections through an ATM SmartSwitch between devices that support only PVCs.

  • Page 68: Point-To-Multipoint Pvcs

    PVC Connections For this example, we specify CBR as the traffic type, then take the remaining defaults. Enter the command to obtain the index number of the new traffic descriptor. In this example, the index trafficdescriptor number is two (2). SmartSwitch # show trafficdescriptor ======================================================================================== Traff...
  • Page 69 Virtual Ports and Static Connections Example: Create a point-to-multipoint connection between a broadcasting workstation on port workstations connected to ports to create two new traffic descriptors, one for the forward direction, the add trafficdescriptor other for the backward direction. For this example, for the forward traffic descriptor, we select UBR and accept the defaults.

  • Page 70: Connecting To Local Switch Client Through A Pvc

    The broadcasting workstation on port 5.1.3 Connecting to Local Switch Client Through a PVC All PVC connections to an ATM SmartSwitch local client use the CPU port. On a SmartSwitch 6500, this port is either depending on the slot in which the master TSM/CPU module resides. Because of the SmartSwitch 6500’s redundancy capability, the CPU port should always be designated as the active CPU in the event of fail-over.

  • Page 71: Pvp Connections

    PVP connections are supported only on the SmartSwitch 6500. However, because Note all ATM SmartSwitches support virtual ports, PVPs can be terminated using any SmartSwitch ATM switch. The SmartSwitch 6500 supports the creation of Permanent Virtual Path (PVP) connections. The basic process for creating a PVP is as follows: •...
  • Page 72 PVP Connections Use the command to turn off signaling and ILMI and to specify bits for VPIs on set portconfig port SmartSwitch # set portconfig PortNumber() PortAdminStatus(up) IlmiAdminStatus(up) SigType() SigRole(network) InterfaceType(private) MaxVpiBits(0) MaxVciBits(12) MaxSvcVpci(1) MinSvcVci(32) MaxVccs(8192) MaxSvpVpci(1) MaxVpcs(1) SmartSwitch # Use the command to create the pvp connection: add pvp...

  • Page 73: Connecting Pvps

    Physically connecting the PVP port to another PVP switch When connecting to another PVP switch, the VPI numbers assigned to the ports carrying the PVP on each switch must match. For example if a PVP exits switch 1 on port...

  • Page 74: Creating Virtual Ports

    Virtual Ports 5.3.1 Creating Virtual Ports Virtual ports are created on physical ports by first allocating a range of Virtual Path Identifiers (VPIs), and then distributing the VPIs among the virtual ports. The number of VPIs used depends on the number of virtual ports needed and the range of VPIs controlled by each virtual port.
  • Page 75 Virtual Ports and Static Connections For PNNI, the number of VPIs used by each virtual port should be one (1). For Note virtual UNI, the number of VPIs used by each virtual port should correspond to the number of VPIs on the user side of the UNI connection (For information on virtual UNI, refer to the ATM Forum specification for ILMI 4.0.).
  • Page 76 Virtual Ports Use the PortNumber MaxVpiBits ports. SmartSwitch # add port PortNumber() PortAdminStatus(up) IlmiAdminStatus(up) SigType(autoConfig) SigRole(other) InterfaceType(private) MaxVpiBits(0) MaxVciBits(10) MaxSvcVpci(1) MinSvcVci(32) MaxVccs(2048) TrafficDescriptorIndex() SmartSwitch # Our virtual port is now created, and uses just one VPI: the Base VPI ( The following is an example creates virtual port Use the command to turn off signaling and set the...

  • Page 77: Soft Pvc And Pvp Connections

    PVC and PVP connections between ports on separate switches that are separated by a PNNI network. Normally, PVCs and PVPs must be configured manually from switch-to-switch across the network. However, soft PVCs and PVPs need to be configured only at the source and target switches. The connection is then routed through the PNNI network.

  • Page 78: Making Soft Pvc And Pvp Connections

    Configure a target port and ATM target address on the target switch • Create a traffic descriptor to be used by the connection • Add a soft PVC (or PVP) on the source switch that specifies the port on the target switch as its end point 5.4.3 Creating a soft PVC The following is a step-by-step example of creating a soft PVC from port target switch.
  • Page 79 Virtual Ports and Static Connections Define a target ATM address to be used on the target switch. The target ATM address can be any address that is either eight (8) or twenty (20) bytes long and must not be identical to any address currently listed in the ATM routing table.
  • Page 80 PVC uses the first available vpi/vci pair it finds on the target switch. If switch to determine the vpi/vci pair used. Enter the command on the target switch to see the soft PVC and its current state: show spvc SmartSwitch # show spvc PortNumber(ALL)

  • Page 81: Creating A Soft Pvp

    MaxVpcs(3) Smart6500_1 # On the target switch, define a target ATM address. The target ATM address can be any address that is either eight (8) or twenty (20) bytes long and must not be identical to any address currently listed in the ATM routing table.
  • Page 82 Both soft PVCs and Soft PVPs use the Note target switch’s target ATM address. There is no separate “ command. Use the command to see the soft PVP port and ATM address on the target switch: show spvcaddress SmartSwitch # show spvcaddress PortNumber(ALL) TargetAddress()
  • Page 83 Virtual Ports and Static Connections Enter the command on the target switch to see the soft PVP and its current state: show spvp SmartSwitch # show spvp PortNumber(ALL) SourceVpi(0) ====================================================== Port Src VPI Leaf Ref Operation Status ====================================================== connected Total number of SPVCs = 1...
  • Page 84 Soft PVC and PVP Connections Virtual Ports and Static Connections 5-18 SmartSwitch ATM User Guide...

  • Page 85: Traffic Management

    ATM SmartSwitches have extensive abilities for managing traffic flow. Traffic management includes all operations performed by the ATM SmartSwitch that ensures optimum switch throughput, where throughput is based on rate of packet loss, available bandwidth, and traffic processing overhead. Under most conditions, an ATM SmartSwitch can efficiently and automatically manage switch traffic.
  • Page 86 Traffic Management Capabilities ATM SmartSwitch user data cells are classified according to the state of a cell loss priority (CLP) bit in the header of each cell. A CLP 1 cell has a lower priority than a CLP 0 cell and is discarded first. Source traffic descriptors can specify CLP 0 cell traffic, CLP 1 cell traffic, or the aggregate CLP 0+1 traffic.

  • Page 87: Call Admission Control Policy

    Traffic Management A user-defined PVC must have user-defined traffic descriptors. For instance, if a video link over a PVC requires a peak cell rate of 8000 kb/s, create a traffic descriptor for CBR traffic that specifies 8000 as the peak cell rate. SmartSwitch # add trafficdescriptor TrafficType(UBR) TrafficDescriptorType(2)
  • Page 88 Traffic Management Capabilities Use the command show caceqbwallocscheme service. SmartSwitch # show caceqbwallocscheme PortNumber(ALL) =========================================================== Port# Alloc Scheme RTVBR NRTVBR =========================================================== 7B1.3 CPU.1 SmartSwitch # The CAC affects both physical and virtual ports as indicated in the example above Note is a virtual port).

  • Page 89: Queue Buffers

    Traffic Management 6.1.3 Queue Buffers ATM SmartSwitches perform buffering using a shared-memory architecture. Buffer space is divided into queues for each class of service. In turn, ports are allocated a portion of each of the service class queues. This allocation is controlled on a per-port basis by the Quality of service is defined on an end-to-end basis in terms of cell loss ratio, cell transfer delay, and cell delay variation.
  • Page 90 Traffic Management Capabilities • Queue 4 — Available Bit Rate (ABR) • Queue 5 — Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) If calls of a particular service class are being dropped on a particular port, use the command to raise the port’s queue Min threshold. For example, to change both the Min and Max amounts of buffer space used for CBR calls on port command to determine the current minimum threshold level: show porttrafficcongestion...

  • Page 91: Efci, Epd, And Rm Cell Marking

    6.1.4 EFCI, EPD, and RM Cell Marking To control switch congestion, ATM SmartSwitches implement standard resource management cell (RM-cell) marking, explicit forward congestion indicator cell marking (with backward RM cell marking), and early packet discard (EPD). These congestion control schemes are triggered when the number of cells within shared memory reaches user-definable thresholds.
  • Page 92 Traffic Management Capabilities Traffic Management 6-8 SmartSwitch ATM User Guide...

  • Page 93: Firmware Upgrades And Bootline Commands

    7 FIRMWARE UPGRADES AND BOOTLINE COMMANDS UPDATE FIRMWARE COMMANDS You can upgrade the operating firmware of an ATM SmartSwitch while the switch is running its current firmware. This procedure is known as a hot upgrade and is accomplished by the command.

  • Page 94: Bootline Commands

    Enter the command to start the ATM SmartSwitch. BOOTLINE COMMANDS This section describes the low-level bootline commands. Bootline commands are used for setting switch start-up behavior and for performing firmware downloads. Use the bootline commands to: • Set which copy of the boot load firmware is the default copy •...

  • Page 95: Accessing The Bootline Prompt

    Accessing the Bootline Prompt Bootline commands are executed from the bootline prompt. The bootline prompt is not part of the switch console, and is accessible only after a reboot and before the switch firmware is loaded. Consequently, the bootline commands can be used only through a terminal connection.

  • Page 96: Bootline Commands Explanations

    Displays revision numbers of both boot load images, the switch MAC address, and the file space (in hexadecimal) available for additional MAC addresses. Shows whether POST is set to run at switch start-up. Download Firmware: Downloads firmware images from a TFTP/Bootp server.

  • Page 97: Figure 7-1 Memory Locations Affected By The Bootline Commands

    Firmware Upgrades and Bootline Commands Table 7-1 Bootline commands (Continued) Command Action Switch to the redundant CSM: scsm Tells the SmartSwitch 6500 to transfer CSM mastership to the slave CSM. Switches CPU mastership to other swms TSM/CPU: Changes the slave TSM/CPU to the master.

  • Page 98: Upgrading Boot Load Firmware

    This insures that if a boot load upgrade fails, there is still one good boot load image to fall back on. Follow the steps below to upgrade the switch boot load firmware. Set up the TFTP/Bootp server software on a workstation.

  • Page 99: Upgrading Post Diagnostic Firmware

    Firmware Upgrades and Bootline Commands Changing the Default Boot Load Image Continuing with the example above, perform the following steps to set boot load image 0 back to being the default. Reboot the ATM SmartSwitch. When the following message appears “Preparing to run Default Primary Image: 1 Enter 0 or 1 to override and force one of these primary image sectors to run:”...

  • Page 100: Upgrading Switch Operating Firmware

    Programming downloaded image into POST Software section, please wait... New POST Software programmed successfully => Check whether the diagnostic download is successful by entering the the ATM SmartSwitch to run POST before starting the switch firmware. 7.2.5 Upgrading Switch Operating firmware Note...
  • Page 101 Firmware Upgrades and Bootline Commands Bootline Commands Validity checks of the Switch Software Downloaded file... All Validity checks OK Programming downloaded image into Switch Software section, please wait... New Switch Software programmed successfully => Start the ATM SmartSwitch by entering the command.
  • Page 102 Bootline Commands Firmware Upgrades and Bootline Commands 7-10 SmartSwitch ATM User Guide...

  • Page 103: Atm Filtering And Clocking

    8 ATM FILTERING AND CLOCKING PORT ATM ADDRESS FILTERS SmartSwitch ATM switches support ATM address filtering. Address filtering provides a way to control call setups through SVCs. Filtering is a process of stating whether entities with particular ATM source or destination addresses (or ranges of addresses) are admitted or denied access through a port or set of ports.

  • Page 104: Atm Address Filter Example

    Port ATM Address Filters 8.1.3 ATM Address Filter Example The following is an example of creating a filter, a filter set, and assigning the filter set to an incoming and outgoing port. Use the command to create filters on source and/or destination addresses add atmfilter SmartSwitch # add atmfilter FilterName(FILTER1)

  • Page 105: Filter Considerations Regarding Lane And Ip Over Atm

    1 from communicating with client 2. A filter is created and assigned to the port through which client 1 connects the SmartSwitch ATM switch. The filter denies client 1 access to client 2 by rejecting the call set up to client 2.

  • Page 106: Network Clocking

    The following is an example of network clocking configuration. It is assumed in this example that the SmartSwitch 6500 is connected through port to a service provider’s switch that produces a high-precision clocking signal. Use the command to specify the port through which the network clocking signal...

  • Page 107: Troubleshooting

    • If using PVCs, use show ipatmpvc IP addresses. to check whether static UNI routes are correct and whether to check if local switch clients are mapped to the correct end node SmartSwitch ATM User Guide 9-1...

  • Page 108: Troubleshooting Lan Emulation

    Troubleshooting LAN Emulation If working through these questions does not solve the problem, contact Cabletron Systems Customer Service. (see Appendix B, "Technical Support"). TROUBLESHOOTING LAN EMULATION You have configured an Emulated LAN and your network applications are not working. Use these questions and tests to help determine the cause of the problem.

  • Page 109: Troubleshooting Pnni Links

    Are all IISP routes correct? Does a new IISP route need to be added so devices can reach the LES and BUS? If working through these questions does not solve the problem, contact Cabletron Systems Customer Service. (see Appendix B, "Technical Support").

  • Page 110: Troubleshooting Congestion

    If the bandwidth of your ATM SmartSwitch begins to decrease, and if connections are being lost or packets are being dropped at a high rate, it’s possible that your switch is becoming congested. Congestion can occur on the port level, the global switch level, or both levels.

  • Page 111: Port Congestion

    Troubleshooting Table 9-1 Settings for Class of Service Queues (Continued) Service Class Recommended Settings rt-VBR Bandwidth* utilization less than 20%: Min = 16, Max = 1024 rt-VBR Bandwidth* utilization greater than 20%: Min = 128, Max = 4096 Nrt-VBR Min = 256, Max = 4096 Min = 256, Max = 8192 Min = 256, Max = 8192 *Use the...

  • Page 112: Events And Alarms

    Alarms do not always indicate switch faults. Alarms may also be informational events. For instance, “LECS Operational” is an example of an alarm that is not a switch fault, but is an activity that the user should know about immediately.

  • Page 113: Viewing Events And Alarms

    Both events and alarms are stored in shared RAM. However, the 40 most recent alarms are also stored in flash RAM. Storing these 40 alarms in flash RAM makes them persistent between reboots of the ATM SmartSwitch, and provides information about the state of the switch prior to reboot. Note Alarms are collected and stored in flash RAM in groups of four.

  • Page 114: Deleting Events And Alarms

    • Alarm ID — A unique ID assigned to the alarm • Time — Time of alarm, in switch up-time in hours, minutes, seconds, and milliseconds • Object — The object affected by the alarm (port, LEC, and so on) Alarm messages can be automatically displayed on the ATM SmartSwitch console.

  • Page 115: Saving Core Dumps

    Troubleshooting SAVING CORE DUMPS The ATM SmartSwitch core dump feature allows you to specify a local Ethernet host where, in the event of a system failure, the ATM SmartSwitch sends a copy of its memory. ATM SmartSwitch system memory is saved to two files, one containing CPU memory (core_cpu), the other common memory (core_cmn).
  • Page 116 SmartSwitch Start-up Code Cabletron Systems Inc. Copy the information displayed on the console and send it to your Cabletron customer support representative along with the core dump files. (See Appendix B, "Technical Support") 9-10 SmartSwitch ATM User Guide...

  • Page 117: Agent Support

    APPENDIX A AGENT SUPPORT This appendix briefly describes the support provided for managing an ATM SmartSwitch using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). MIB, SMI, MIB FILES AND INTERNET MIB HIERARCHY A MIB (Management Information Base) is the term used to represent a virtual store of management data on a device. Given the structure of management data, it can be operated upon (retrieved, created or modified) using the SNMP protocol.

  • Page 118: Csi Zeitnet Proprietary Mibs

    MIB, SMI, MIB Files and Internet MIB Hierarchy CCITT directory Figure A-1 Internet MIB hierarchy A.1.1 CSI ZeitNet Proprietary MIBs The location of some of ZeitNet proprietary MIBs in the Internet hierarchy is shown in Figure A-2. All nodes starting with “zn”...

  • Page 119: Relation Between Object Identifier And The Represented Value

    Agent Support atmForum CTRON znCommonMIB Figure A-2 CSI ZeitNet Private MIBs In Figure A-2, the ZeitNet proprietary group is identified by 1.3.6.1.4.1.1295; its subgroup, called znProducts, is identified by 1; and the first variable is znManagedObjects with a value of 2. Therefore, the object znManagedObjects has an object identifier of 1.3.6.1.4.1.1295.2.

  • Page 120: Supported Protocols

    MIB, SMI, MIB Files and Internet MIB Hierarchy znManagedObjects Figure A-3 Cabletron ATM SmartSwitch object identifier example A.1.3 Supported protocols All ATM SmartSwitches support Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Both the SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c formats of the protocol are supported. A.1.4 Supported SMI Formats Cabletron Zeitnet proprietary MIBs are defined using SNMPv2c format of the SMI.
  • Page 121 Lan Emulation Configuration Server Info SSCOP Configuration Event table Alarm table Proprietary extensions to atmTrafficDescrParamTable CAC Statistics Group Hardware Characteristics of the Switch Group Table of I/O Slots Table of CPU Ports Table of I/O Modules Extensions to znPortTable Cabletron Enterprise-specific Container MIB...

  • Page 122: Atm Smartswitch Mib Support

    MIB, SMI, MIB Files and Internet MIB Hierarchy A.1.6 ATM SmartSwitch MIB Support The ATM SmartSwitch is shipped with the following MIBs: • MIB II (RFC 1213) • Interface Table MIB (RFC 1573) • AToM MIB (RFC 1695) • AToM2 MIB •...

  • Page 123: Managing An Atm Smartswitch

    Note that the ATM SmartSwitch itself, is not reachable through ATM until a client for the switch is created and participates as a member of a VLAN or ELAN. Your NMS uses that switch client’s address to access and manage the switch.

  • Page 124: Default Community Strings

    Community: Sets the community strings for the ATM SmartSwitch • TrapCommunity: Specifies the NMS to which traps are sent • MyNMAddr: Specifies the IP address through which the switch is managed • TrustedNMS:Specifies the IP address of the NMS allowed to perform the following commands: update firmware...

  • Page 125: Technical Support

    Cabletron offers several support and service programs that provide high-quality support to our customers. For technical support, first contact your place of purchase. If you need additional assistance, contact Cabletron Systems, Inc. There are several easy ways to reach Cabletron Customer Support and Service.

  • Page 126: Hardware Warranty

    Cabletron offers an out-of-warranty repair service for all our products at our Santa Clara Repair Facility. Products returned for repair will be repaired and returned within 5 working days. A product sent directly to Cabletron Systems, Inc. for repair must first be assigned a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number. A product sent to Cabletron Systems, Inc., without an RMA number displayed outside the box will be returned to the sender unopened, at the...

  • Page 127: Index

    INDEX accessing the boot load prompt ... 7-3 address filters ... 8-1 example... 8-2 address masking ... 8-2 administrative weight ... 3-9 agent support ... A-1 aggregation tokens ... 3-10 alarm categories ... 9-7 alarms ... 9-6 deleting ... 9-8 allocating queue buffers ...
  • Page 128 add spvcaddress ...5-13, add spvp ... 5-16 trafficdescriptor... 6-3 create portfilterset ... 8-2 reboot ... 7-2 set caceqbwallocscheme ... 6-4 cacserviceclassbw... 6-4 coredump... 9-9 eventdisplay... 9-7 linkmonitortimeout... 3-12, 4-4, set lnniinfo ... 2-20 set lnnistatus...2-20, set networkclock ... 8-4 pnniinterface... 3-10 set pnnipeergroupid ...
  • Page 129 ATM addressing BUS... 2-5 creating an ELAN default ELAN... 2-4 distributed LANE ELAN join policies ... 2-5 starting the switch clients LANE ...2-1, ATM address filters over PVPs tunneling LANE over WAN LANE service... 2-4 distributed LECID ... 2-20 default ...2-20...
  • Page 130 LES/BUS connectivity... 2-19 LES/BUS load sharing ...2-17 LGN... 3-3 link timing 3-11, 4-4, LNNI ...2-16 configuring... 2-19 distributed LES/BUS servers... 2-22 full-mesh topology...2-19 LANE service redundancy... 2-16 LECID... 2-20 LECS... 2-16 LES/BUS ... 2-23 load sharing... 2-17 locally attached LES ...
  • Page 131 ... 9-5 available VPIs... 5-2 MaxVpiBits ... 5-2 soft ... 5-11 PVCs ... 5-1 backward traffic descriptor... 5-3 connecting to local switch client creating ...5-1, point-to-multipoint... 5-2 point-to-point traffic descriptor... 5-1 ... 3-7 available MaxVpiBits... 5-5 running ILMI soft ... 5-11 PVPs ...5-5...
  • Page 132 5-13 configuring... 5-15 connections ... 5-12 creating ... 5-12 destination type... 5-14 MaxVpiBits... 5-14 target ATM address ... 5-13 target switch... 5-13 target VPI/VCI... 5-14 SPVC target... 5-14 SPVP ...5-11 add spvcaddress ... 5-16 adding an SPVP ... 5-16 connections ...
  • Page 133 ... 7-8 upgrades ... 7-1 upgrading boot load firmware... 7-6 changing default boot load image... 7-7 POST diagnostics ... 7-7 switch operating firmware ... 7-8 unsuccessful update ... 7-1 update firmware... 7-1 Upgrading and Changing Firmware... 7-1 VCI... 5-2 viewing alarms ...

This manual is also suitable for:

Smartcell 6a000Smartswitch 2500Smartswitch 6500Smartswitch 9a100Smartswitch 6a000

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