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Glossary
TCP/IP
(Transmission
Control
Protocol/Internet
Protocol)
Service Provider
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address. This establishes a connection to the responsible DNS
(Domain Name Server), where a scan is made for the IP address
which is currently allocated to this hostname. The IP address is
transferred back to the remote computer which now uses it as the
destination address. This now leads to exactly the desired local
computer.
Basically, all Internet addresses are based on this system: first, a
connection is established to the DNS in order to ascertain the IP
address assigned to this hostname. Once this has taken place, the
connection to the desired remote site, which can be any Internet
presence, is established with this "referenced" IP address.
Network protocols which are used for the connection of two
computers in the Internet.
IP is the basic protocol.
UDP is based on IP and sends individual packets. These may
arrive at the recipient in a different order to that in which they were
sent, or they can even be lost.
TCP serves to protect the connection and, for example, ensures
that the data packets are forwarded in the correct order to the
application.
UDP and TCP, in addition to the IP addresses, include port
numbers between 1 and 65535, by means of which the different
services are distinguished.
UDP and TCP form the basis for a number of other protocols, e.g.
HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol), HTTPS (Secure Hyper Text
Transfer Protocol), SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), POP3
(Post Office Protocol, Version 3), DNS (Domain Name Service).
ICMP is based on IP and contains control messages.
SMTP is an e-mail protocol based on TCP.
IKE is an IPsec protocol based on UDP.
ESP is an IPsec protocol based on IP.
On a Windows PC the WINSOCK.DLL (or WSOCK32.DLL) takes
over the handling of both these protocols.
(# datagram)
A company or institution which provides users with access to the
Internet or an online service.
SINAUT MD740-1
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