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Debugging
181
Dumps
A common tool of debugging is the memory "dump". This is a print-out (or display) of the
contents of selected locations in the memory. A typical use is to dump areas of the ICOM
containing data so that the actual contents at some point during execution can be compared
with the expected contents. All of this is in the hope that the comparison yields differences
which give a clue as to the source of the difficulties being encountered.
This tool is provided through the IDUMP statement which has the form -
-.- .,-,!
!
!-.... , .
{I
t'
} [ .
{I
ti
} [.
] ]
1. UUi'ir-'
oca Ion
,
oca on
, ...
This statement can be placed in a program to be executed (perhaps as the result of a branching
IBREAK statement) or it can be executed from the keyboard (perhaps during a pause caused by
stepping or IBREAK).
Any number of {Iocation}s can be specified. They can take a number of forms. The simplest
is-
{address}
Thus, IDUMP {address} prints the contents of {address} to the current system printer. The
contents are printed in their octal representation.
{location} can specify a whole range of addresses by using the form -
{address} Tel {address}
With this form, the IDUMP statement prints the contents of all addresses starting with the first
and ending the last specified {address}.
If
the second address is numerically smaller than the
first, then a "wrap-around" through the end of memory into the top of memory is taken. For
example, if you execute-
IOUMP 1????6 TO 1
then the contents of four addresses would be printed - those for 177776, 177777,0, and 1, in
that order. Again, the contents are printed in their octal (base-B) representation.
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