Summary of Contents for Princeton Instruments Activity Tracker
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4411-0039-CE Version 6.B January 24, 2005 *4411-0039-CE*...
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The information in this publication is believed to be accurate as of the publication release date. However, Princeton Instruments does not assume any responsibility for any consequences including any damages resulting from the use thereof. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
Grounding and Safety ....................... 13 Precautions........................14 Repairs ..........................14 Cleaning..........................14 Princeton Instruments Customer Service................15 Chapter 2 Installation Overview ................17 Chapter 3 System Setup ..................19 Unpacking the System ...................... 19 Checking the Equipment and Parts Inventory ..............19 System Requirements .......................
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout..............63 Exposure ........................... 63 Array Readout........................67 Digitization ........................76 Chapter 7 MicroMAX DIF Camera (Double Image Feature) ......77 Introduction........................77 Timing Modes........................78 Tips and Tricks ......................... 84 Chapter 8 TTL Control..................87 Introduction........................
Chapter 1 Introduction Introduction The Princeton Instruments MicroMAX system is a high-speed, low-noise CCD camera system designed for demanding imaging applications and is an optimal system for use in fluorescence microscopy applications such as high-resolution immunofluorescence, FISH or GFP imaging. The MicroMAX system incorporates a compact camera head, cooled CCD, advanced exposure-control timing, video output, and sophisticated readout capabilities.
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Camera Introduction: The function of the camera is to collect very low intensity light and convert the energy into a quantitative, electronic signal (photo-electrons) over a two dimensional space. To do this, light from the subject is focused onto a CCD array, which accumulates photoelectrons for the exposure time.
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Chapter 1 Introduction Controller Data Conversion: The controller accepts the analog data and converts it to digital data using specially designed, low-noise electronics supporting scientific grade 12- or 16-bit Analog to Digital (A/D) converters. The standard MicroMAX Controller enables both high-speed and high-precision readout capabilities.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B About this Manual Manual Organization This manual provides the user with all the information needed to install a MicroMAX camera and place it in operation. Topics covered include a detailed description of the camera, installation, cleaning, specifications and more. Note: The general identifier "ST-133"...
Chapter 1 Introduction Appendix D, Virtual Chip Mode describes how to set up and use the Virtual Chip option, a special fast-acquisition technique. Appendix E, Repumping the Vacuum explains how to restore the 1 MHz or 100kHz/1MHz round head camera's vacuum if that vacuum has deteriorated over time.
• Repairs Repairs must be done by Princeton Instruments. If your system hardware needs repair, contact Princeton Instruments Customer Service. Please save the original packing material so you can safely ship the system to another location or return it for repairs.
Do not allow any other material to touch the optical surfaces. Princeton Instruments Customer Service Refer to the contact information located on page 162 of this manual.
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The list and diagrams below briefly describe the sequence of actions required to hookup your system and prepare to gather data. Refer to the indicated references for more detailed information. This list assumes that the application software is Princeton Instruments WinView/32. Action Reference 1.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Action Reference 13. Turn on the computer and begin running WinView/32. WinView/32 manual 14. Enter the hardware setup information or load the defaults from the Chapter 4 Operation, controller. page 42 or page 46 15.
During the unpacking, check the system components for possible signs of shipping damage. If there are any, notify Princeton Instruments and file a claim with the carrier. If damage is not apparent but camera or controller specifications cannot be achieved, internal damage may have occurred in shipment.
® • High speed PCI serial card (or an unused PCI card slot). Computers purchased from Princeton Instruments are shipped with the PCI card installed if High speed PCI was ordered. • Minimum of 32 Mbytes of RAM for CCDs up to 1.4 million pixels. Collecting multiple spectra at full frame or high speed may require 128 Mbytes or more of RAM.
Chapter 3 System Setup USB 2.0 Protocol: • AT-compatible computer with Pentium 3 or better processor and runs at 1 GHz or better. • Windows 2000 (with Service Pack 4), Windows XP (with Service Pack 1) or later operating system. •...
Note: WinView/32 (versions 2.6.0 and higher) do not support the ISA interface. Setting up a PCI Interface A Princeton Instruments (RSPI) high speed PCI card must be installed in the host computer if the communication between computer and controller uses the TAXI TTL IN/OUT protocol (i.e., the Interface Control Module installed in the ST-133 has a 9-pin...
Chapter 3 System Setup To Install a PCI Serial Buffer Card in the Host Computer: 1. Review the documentation for your computer and PCI card before continuing with this installation. 2. To avoid risk of dangerous electrical shock and damage to the computer, verify that the computer power is OFF.
Large data sets and/or long acquisition times may be subject to data overrun because of host computer interrupts during data acquisition. • USB 2.0 is not supported by the Princeton Instruments PC Interface Library (EZ- DLLS). • Some WinX (WinView and WinSpec) 2.5.X features are not fully supported with USB 2.0.
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ST-133. Then, turn the ST-133 on before turning on the host computer. 3. At bootup, Windows will detect the Princeton Instruments USB2 Interface hardware (i.e., the USB 2.0 Interface Control module). You may be prompted to enter the directory path(s) for the apausbprop.dll and/or the apausb.sys...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B the "Windows" directories shown below. Refer to the Table 2 below for the file locations. Windows USB INF USB Properties DLL USB Device Driver Name Version Filename Located in Located in Located in "Windows"/System32 "Windows"/System32/Drivers "Windows"/INF directory...
Chapter 3 System Setup Figure 6. Hardware Wizard: PVCAM dialog box To Run the Application Program: 1. Verify that the ST-133 is turned on. 2. Start the application software (WinView/32). 3. Select Hardware… from the Setup menu and on the Controller/CCD (this page may be labeled Controller/Detector or Controller/Camera) tab page, check the Use PVCAM checkbox .
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Mounting the Lens The MicroMAX camera is supplied with the lens mount specified when the system was ordered, normally either a screw-type C-mount lens or a bayonet type F-mount lens, allowing a lens of the corresponding type to be mounted quickly and easily. C-mount lenses simply screw clockwise into the threaded lens mount at the front of the camera.
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Chapter 3 System Setup advantage of the higher Quantum Efficiency (QE) of the CCD at longer wavelengths (contact factory for current CCD specifications). Another feature to exploit is the high resolution offered by cameras with exceptionally small pixel sizes (6.7 µm for MicroMAX:1300Y, 1300YHS, and 1300YHS-DIF or 8.3µm for MicroMAX:782Y and 782YHS).
F-mount nose. Princeton Instruments DOES NOT advise using an F-mount to secure the camera to a bottom port of an inverted microscope due to possible failure of the locking mechanism of the F-mount.
25 mm Princeton Instruments supplied External shutter (typically an Entrance slit shutter) 25 mm Princeton Instruments Internal shutter 35 mm Princeton Instruments Internal shutter (requires 70 V Shutter option) 40 mm Princeton Instruments Internal shutter (supplied with LN camera having a 1340 × 1300 or larger CCD) * Shutter settings 0, 3, and 6-9 are unused and are reserved for future use.
Chapter 3 System Setup To Select the Shutter Setting: SHUTTER CONTROL 1. Verify that the Controller power is OFF. 2. Refer to Table 4 when looking at the rear of the Controller. SETTING REMOTE 3. If the setting is not correct, press the "-" or the "+" button until the correct setting is displayed in the Figure 9.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Connecting the Detector-Controller Cable Turn the Controller power OFF (OFF = 0, ON = |) before connecting or disconnecting Caution the Detector-Controller cable. To Connect the Detector-Controller Cable: 1. Verify that the Controller power is OFF. 2.
We advise that you place a clear warning sign on the power button of your arc lamp reminding all workers to follow this procedure. While Princeton Instruments has taken great care to isolate its sensitive circuitry from EMF sources, we cannot guarantee that this protection will be sufficient for all EMF bursts.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B enclosure of the camera. Fins on the round head camera shell radiate the heat outward to the surrounding atmosphere. The fan inside the rectangular head camera draws air through the vents in the camera shell, blows it through the internal fins, and exhausts it back into the atmosphere through the vents.
Each CCD has its own dark charge pattern, unique to that particular device. Every device has been thoroughly tested to ensure its compliance with Princeton Instruments' demanding specifications. 2. The baseline can be adjusted by using the F and S Zero pots located on the rear panel of the controller.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Medium requires four electrons to generate one ADU. If the gain is set to Medium and the images or spectra do not appear to take up the full dynamic range of the CCD array, you may want to change the gain setting to High. If the CCD array appears to be flooded with light, you may want to change the setting to Low.
Chapter 4 Operation camera. This video output also makes possible archiving an experiment on a VCR, producing hardcopy data on a video printer, or even implementing autofocusing stages. Note: If more than one device is connected to the video output, the last device is the one that should to be terminated in 75Ω.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Note: With a 16-bit A/D converter (not a standard option), the composite video output is disabled during data acquisition. In post-acquisition processing the WinView/32 ROI (Region of Interest) capability allows any portion of an acquired image to be displayed on the computer monitor. Again, note that the described video output behavior applies specifically for the WinView/32 software only.
Chapter 4 Operation Detector-Controller Interface cable (TAXI or USB 2.0) 110/220 Camera Detector Serial Com 110/220 or USB 2.0 Controller Microscope Computer EXPERIMENT Figure 13. Standard System Connection Diagram Assumptions The following procedure assumes that 1. You have already set up your system in accordance with the instructions in Chapter 3.
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Getting Started 1. If you haven’t already done so, install a lens on the camera. The initial lens settings aren’t important but it may prove convenient to set the focus to approximately the anticipated distance and to begin with a small aperture setting. In the case of operation with a microscope, review "Mounting to a Microscope", beginning on page 28, and mount the camera on the microscope.
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Chapter 4 Operation will light and there will be a locked indication at the computer monitor, indicating that temperature lock has been established. Note that some overshoot may occur. This could cause temperature lock to be briefly lost and then quickly re-established. If you are reading the actual temperature reported by the application software, there may be a small difference between the set and reported temperature when lock is established.
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Note: If you are using WinView/32 (or WinSpec/32 in Imaging Mode) and a video monitor for focusing, select the mode from the Video Focus… Acquisition menu. Then select a short exposure time (0.1 s), an Intensity Scaling setting of 4096, and 2x Zoom.
Chapter 4 Operation setscrews as shown in Figure 14. To change the focus setting, proceed as follows. Loosen the setscrews with a 0.050" Allen wrench. Do not remove the screws; loosen them just enough to allow the lens mount to be adjusted. Rotate the lens mount as required to bring the focus within range of the lens focus adjustment.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B it is possible to use a broadband source such as tungsten for the alignment. If this is the case, use a wavelength setting of 0.0 nm for alignment purposes. Assumptions The following procedure assumes that 1.
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Chapter 4 Operation • Use PVCAM: 100 kHz or 1 MHz systems only. If you are using the USB 2.0 interface, verify that the box is checked. • Controller type: ST-133 • Controller version: 3 or higher • Camera type: Select the array installed in your detector. MicroMAX:512FT = EEV 512×512 FT CCD57 MicroMAX:512BFT = EEV 512×512 FT CCD57 MicroMAX:782Y = PID 582×782...
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Experiment Setup Timing tab page (Acquisition|Experiment Setup…): • Timing Mode: Free Run • Shutter Control: Normal • Safe Mode vs. Fast Mode: Safe Focusing The mounting hardware provides two degrees of freedom, focus and rotation. In this context, focus means to physically move the detector back and forth through the focal plane of the spectrograph.
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Chapter 4 Operation 5. Next adjust the rotation. You can do this by rotating the detector while watching a live display of the line. The line will go from broad to narrow and back to broad. Leave the detector rotation set for the narrowest achievable line. Alternatively, take an image, display the horizontal and vertical cursor bars, and compare the vertical bar to the line shape on the screen.
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Chapter 5 Timing Modes The Princeton Instruments MicroMAX system has been designed to allow the greatest possible flexibility when synchronizing data collection with an experiment. The chart below lists the timing mode combinations. Use this chart in combination with the detailed descriptions in this chapter to determine the optimal timing configuration.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B computer controls when each frame is taken. After each frame is received, the camera sends the Stop Acquisition command to the camera, instructing it to stop acquisition. Once that frame is completely processed and displayed, another Start Acquisition command is sent from the computer to the camera, allowing it to take the next frame.
Chapter 5 Timing Modes Safe Mode Fast Mode Start Start Computer programs Computer programs camera with exposure camera with exposure and binning parameters and binning parameters STARTACQ issued from STARTACQ issued from computer to camera computer to camera Cleans performed Cleans performed 1 frame collected 1 frame collected...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Shutter opens Shutter remains open for preprogrammed exposure time System waits while shutter closes Figure 16. Free Run Timing Chart (part of the chart in Figure 15) Other experimental equipment can be synchronized to the detector by using the output signal (software-selectable SHUTTER or NOTSCAN) from the connector on the back of the ST-133.
Chapter 5 Timing Modes first readout. In multiple-shot experiments this is easily overcome by simply discarding the first frame. In the PreOpen Shutter mode, on the other hand, shutter operation is only partially synchronized to the experiment. As soon as the controller is ready to collect data, the shutter opens.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B subtracted, providing that it does not saturate the CCD. As with the Normal Shutter mode, accurate background subtraction may not be possible for the first frame. Also note that, in addition to signal from ambient light, dark charge accumulates during the “wait”...
Chapter 5 Timing Modes possible. The amount of smearing is a function of the signal duration compared to the single vertical shift time. Note: If EXT SYNC is still active at the end of the readout, the hardware will interpret this as a second sync pulse, and so on.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B If operating without a shutter, the actual exposure time is set by the period of the sync signal. There is one exception, if the programmed exposure time is less than the readout time, then the actual exposure time is simply equal to t , the readout time (marked by NOTSCAN low).
Chapter 5 Timing Modes Shutter actual exposure time NOTSCAN External Sync (negative polarity shown) cleans acquisition Figure 23. Frame Transfer where t > t Shutter actual exposure time NOTSCAN External Sync (negative polarity shown) cleans acquisition Figure 24. Frame Transfer where Pulse arrives after Readout Interline Operation Operating Modes It is important to note that an interline chip can operate in either of two operating modes,...
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B of the exposure time and no further accumulation occurs (the imaging cells are switched off). The accumulated charge on each storage cell is transferred out of the CCD array, amplified, and sent to the controller as an analog signal, where it is digitized prior to transfer to the computer.
Chapter 5 Timing Modes duration of the experiment so that, during each frame, the data acquired during the previous frame is read out. Shutter actual exposure time 50ns min.pulse between frames NOTSCAN External Sync (negative polarity shown) cleans acquisition Figure 25. Overlapped Mode where t <...
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Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout Before each image from the CCD array appears on the computer screen, it must first be read, digitized, and transferred to the computer. Figure 28 is a block diagram of the image-signal path. Incoming photons Controller Camera Up/down integrator...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Unintensified, uncoated CCDs can withstand direct exposure to relatively high light levels, magnetic fields and RF radiation. They are easily cooled and can be precisely temperature controlled to within a few tens of millidegrees. Because CCD arrays, like film and other media, are always sensitive to light, light must not be allowed to fall on the array during readout.
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Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout Note that NOTSCAN is low during readout, high during exposure, and high during shutter compensation time. Since most shutters behave like an iris, the opening and closing of the shutter will cause the center of the CCD to be exposed slightly longer than the edges. It is important to realize this physical limitation, particularly when using short exposures.
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B For signal levels low enough to be readout-noise limited, longer exposure times, and therefore longer signal accumulation in the CCD, will improve the S/N ratio approximately linearly with the length of exposure time. There is, however, a maximum time limit for on-chip averaging, determined by either the saturation of the CCD by the signal or the loss of dynamic range due to the buildup of dark charge in the pixels (see below).
Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout Array Readout In this section, a simple 6 × 4 pixel CCD is used to demonstrate how charge is shifted and digitized. As described below, two different types of readout are available. Full frame readout, for full frame CCDs, reads out the entire CCD surface at the same time. Frame transfer operation assumes half of the CCD is for data collection and half of the array is a temporary storage area.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B is the second row moved into the shift register. The order of shifting in our example is therefore A1, B1, C1, D1, A2, B2, C2, D2, A3..After charge is shifted out of each pixel the remaining charge is zero, meaning that the array is immediately ready for the next exposure.
Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout Frame Transfer The MicroMAX fully supports frame transfer readout. Operation in this mode is very similar to the operation of video rate cameras. Half of the CCD is exposed continuously, raising the exposure duty cycle to nearly 100%. The other half of the CCD is masked to prevent exposure, and it is here that the image is “stored”...
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Interline In this section, a simple 6 × 3 pixel interline CCD is used to demonstrate how charge is shifted and digitized. As described below, two different types of readout, overlapped and non-overlapped can occur. In overlapped operation, each exposure begins while the readout of the previous one is still in progress.
Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout Empty Readout Register. Exposure Image has been shifted to storage cells, first has ended and image is being line has been shifted to Readout Register, transferred to storage cells. and second exposure begins. Charge from first cell has been After first image is read out,storage cells are shifted to the Output Node.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Part 4 of Figure 33 illustrates the situation at the end of the readout. Both the imaging and storage cells are empty. In Free Run operation, the imaging cells will be switched back on immediately, allowing charge accumulation to begin.
Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout The readout time is approximately given by: = [N · N · (t )] + (N · t where is the smaller dimension of the CCD is the larger dimension of the CCD. is the time needed to shift one pixel out of the shift register is the time needed to digitize a pixel is the time needed to shift one line into the shift register CCD Array...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Binning On-Chip Binning Binning is the process of adding the data from adjacent pixels together to form a single pixel (sometimes called a super-pixel), and it can be accomplished in either hardware or software. Rectangular groups of pixels of any size may be binned together, subject to some hardware and software limitations.
Chapter 6 Exposure and Readout The readout rate for n × n binning is approximated using a more general version of the full resolution equation. The modified equation is: On-Chip Binning for Interline Binning is the process of adding the data from adjacent cells together, and it can be accomplished in either hardware or software.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Software Binning One limitation of hardware binning is that the shift register pixels and the output node are typically only 2-3 times the size of imaging pixels as shown in Table 10. Consequently, if the total charge binned together exceeds the capacity of the shift register or output node, the data will be corrupted.
Chapter 7 MicroMAX DIF Camera (Double Image Feature) Supported by WinView/WinSpec Version 2.5 when the communication protocol is TAXI (PCI), this feature is not supported when the protocol is USB 2.0. Introduction This chapter describes operation of the MicroMAX DIF system. Both the Controller and a MicroMAX Interline camera must have factory modifications installed for DIF operation.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B ESABI: Allows two fast images of equal duration to be acquired. Unlike the IEC and EEC modes, in the ESABI mode, two pulses are applied to the Ext. Sync. connector. Each initiates a separate acquisition, allowing the user to set the time between acquisitions by externally adjusting the time between the two applied pulses.
Chapter 7 MicroMAX DIF Camera exposure. In Free Run operation, the time that remains low will typically be in the range of 400 to 600 ns. READY 400 ns EXPOSURE Figure 36. Free Run Mode Timing Diagram Example: Figure 37 shows an experiment where the rising edge of the signal is used to trigger a DG-535 Delay Generator, which provides the required delay and triggers a laser source, Q switch, or other device.
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Summary of Free Run Timing mode Allows user to capture single images. • Requires that the switch, if present on the back of the camera, be set to INACTIVE. • Uses Exposure Time set via software Experiment Setup. •...
Chapter 7 MicroMAX DIF Camera READY 200 ns EXT. SYNC. ~200 ns Image1 Image 2 Images 5 µs 5 µs NOTSCAN Mechanical Shutter 8 ms 8 ms >200 ns Laser Output Laser 1 Laser 2 Figure 39. Timing Diagram for Typical IEC Measurement Figure 40 illustrates the interconnections that might be used for such an experiment with two lasers.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Example 2: As shown in Figure 42, the signal from the controller can be used to trigger the controller by connecting it back into the EXT SYNC connector. At the same time, it can be used to trigger a DG-535. EXT SYNC Delay Generator READY...
Chapter 7 MicroMAX DIF Camera first image exposure time. The controller signal goes low when the camera is ready to begin imaging. Figure 43 illustrates an EEC timing example. READY 200 ns EXT. SYNC. (A) Image 1 Image 2 Images sync NOTSCAN Mechanical...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B READY 200 ns 200 ns trig trig EXT. SYNC. (A) Image 1 Image 2 Images No Signal Integration NOTSCAN Mechanical Shutter 8 ms 8 ms Figure 44. ESABI Timing Example: Image Exposure time = t set in software Note: The input trigger pulse, t , must be shorter than the exposure time t...
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Chapter 7 MicroMAX DIF Camera Background subtraction allows you to automatically subtract any constant background in your signal. This includes both constant offsets caused by the amplifier system in the controller as well as time-dependent (but constant for a fixed integration time) buildup of dark charge.
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This connector provides 8 TTL lines in, 8 TTL lines out and an input control line. Figure 45 illustrates the connector and Table 12 lists the signal/pin assignments. Princeton Instruments WinView/32 software packages incorporate WinX32 Automation, a programming language that can be used to automate performing a variety of data acquisition and data processing functions, including use of the TTL IN/OUT functions.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Table 11 illustrates this coding for decimal values 0 through 7. Obviously this table could easily be extended to show the coding for values all the way to 255. IN/OUT 8 IN/OUT 7 IN/OUT 6 IN/OUT 5 IN/OUT 4 IN/OUT 3...
Chapter 8 TTL Control Pin # Assignment Pin # Assignment IN 1 IN 2 IN 3 IN 4 IN 5 IN 6 IN 7 IN 8 EN/CLK Reserved (future use) OUT 2 OUT 1 OUT 4 OUT 3 OUT 6 OUT 5 OUT 8 OUT 7...
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B • Shielded Metalized hood (Radio Shack part no 276-1536A). • BNC connector(s) type UG-88 Male BNC connector (Radio Shack part no 278-103). Example Suppose you needed to build a cable to monitor the line TTL OUT 1. One approach would be to build a cable assembly as described in the following paragraphs.
Chapter 9 System Component Descriptions MicroMAX Camera CCD Array: MicroMAX offers a choice of CCD technologies to improve quantum efficiency (QE) and blue/green sensitivity. Arrays are available in full-frame, interline, and frame-transfer formats. Thinned, back-illuminated devices have a higher QE across the entire visible spectrum and far superior sensitivity in the blue/ green region than front-illuminated CCDs.
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B forced air. CCD temperature is controlled and monitored by via the host computer and the ST-133 Controller. Shutter: Rectangular head cameras are available with an internal 25 mm shutter. A shutter drive signal is available at the Remote shutter connector on the rear of the ST-133 Controller or on the rear of the camera.
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Chapter 9 System Component Descriptions The fan is always in operation and air cooling of both the Peltier and the internal electronics takes place continuously. The fan is designed for low-vibration and does not adversely affect the image. For the fan to function properly, free circulation must be maintained between the rear of the camera and the laboratory atmosphere.
ST-133 Controller Electronics: The Model ST-133 is a compact, high performance CCD Camera Controller for operation with Princeton Instruments cameras. Designed for high speed and high performance image acquisition, the ST-133 offers data transfer at speeds up to 5 megapixel per second, standard video output for focusing and alignment.
Chapter 9 System Component Descriptions Always turn the power off at the Controller before connecting or disconnecting any cable that interconnects the camera and controller or serious damage to the CCD may result. WARNING This damage is NOT covered by the manufacturer’s warranty. TTL IN/OUT TEMP LOCK...
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B The descriptions of the rear panel connectors are keyed to the accompanying figure. Depending on your system, either the TAXI or the USB 2.0 Interface Control Module will be installed in the second from the left slot (as you face the rear of the ST-133). In Figure 47, the TAXI module is shown in that position.
25 mm Princeton Instruments supplied External shutter (typically an Entrance slit shutter) 25 mm Princeton Instruments Internal shutter 35 mm Princeton Instruments Internal shutter (requires 70 V Shutter option), supplied with rectangular head camera having 1300 × 1340 CCD 40 mm Princeton Instruments Internal shutter * Shutter settings 0, 3, and 6-9 are unused and are reserved for future use.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Selecting the wrong shutter setting will result in improper functioning of the shutter and WARNING may cause premature shutter failure. Shutter NOTSCAN = Exposure Time = Readout Time = Shutter Compensation Time Shutter Type Compensation Time NONE 200 nsec...
Application Software The Princeton Instruments WinView/32 software package provides comprehensive image acquisition, display, processing, and archiving functions so you can perform complete data acquisition and analysis without having to rely upon third-party software. WinView/32 provides reliable control over all Roper Scientific...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B PVCAM is the standard software interface for cooled CCD cameras from Roper Scientific. is a library of functions that can be used to control and acquire data from the camera when a custom application is being written. For example, in the case of Windows, PVCAM is a dynamic link library (DLL).
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Do not attach or remove any cables while the MicroMAX system is powered on. WARNING! Introduction The following issues have corresponding troubleshooting sections in this chapter. Page 102 Baseline Signal Suddenly Changes Page 102 Changing the ST-133's Line Voltage and Fuses Page 103 Controller is Not Responding Page 103...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Baseline Signal Suddenly Changes If you observe a sudden change in the baseline signal, you may have excessive humidity in the vacuum enclosure of the camera. Turn off the controller and have the camera repumped before resuming normal operation.
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Controller Is Not Responding If this message pops up when you click on OK after selecting the "Interface Type" during (under the WinView/32 menu), the system has not been Hardware Setup Setup able to communicate with the Controller. Check to see if Controller has been turned ON and if the interface card, its driver, and the interface cable have been installed.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Detector loses Temperature Lock The internal temperature of the camera is too high. This might occur if the operating environment is particularly warm or if you are trying to operate at a temperature colder than the specified limit.
Therefore, we recommend replacement of the USB 2.0 interface module with our TAXI interface module and Princeton Instruments (RSPI) PCI card. If this is not the case and data overruns continue to occur, contact Technical Support (see page 162 for contact information).
Demo, High Speed PCI, and PCI(Timer) are Choices on Hardware Wizard:Interface dialog If there is an installed Princeton Instruments (RSPI) high speed PCI card in the host computer and you want to operate a camera using the USB 2.0 interface, the PVCAM.INI file (created by RSConfig.exe) must exist and the USB 2.0 supported camera must be [Camera_1].
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting At this point, you will need to run the RSConfig.exe program: 1. If you have not already done so, close WinView/32. 2. Make sure the ST-133 is connected to the host computer and that it is turned on. 3.
USB 2.0 and have opened WinView/32 without having first turned on the ST-133. They will also be deactivated if you have installed a camera being run under USB 2.0 and a Princeton Instruments high speed PCI card was also detected when RSConfig.exe was run.
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Figure 57. RSConfig dialog box: Two Camera Styles 5. Using Notepad or a similar text editor, open PVCAM.INI, which is located in the Windows directory (C:\WINNT, for example). If the contents of the file look like: Change the headings so the contents now look like: [Camera_1] [Camera_2] Type=1...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Error 129: Indicates that the problem is with the PVCAM.INI file. Close WinView/32, run RSConfig, make sure the ST-133 is on, reopen WinView, and begin running the Hardware Wizard. Error 183: Indicates that the ST-133 is off. If you are running the Hardware Wizard when this message appears, click on OK, turn on the ST-133, and, on the PVCAM dialog box, make sure Yes is selected and then click on Next.
Most often, all that's required is a program that will read and report the address and interrupt assignments for each PCI device in the computer. One such program available from Princeton Instruments' Technical Support department is called PCICHECK. When the program is run, it reports the address and interrupt assignments for the first PCI device it finds.
There are no operating considerations that are unique to the PCI Serial card. The card can easily accept data as fast as any Princeton Instruments system now available can send it. The incoming data is temporarily stored in the card’s memory, and then transferred to the main computer memory when the card gains access to the bus.
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting Removing/Installing a Plug-In Module The ST-133 Controller has three plug-in slots. The Analog/Control module (leftmost slot when the controller is viewed from the rear) and the Interface Control module (either a TAXI or a USB 2.0 compatible module in the middle slot) are always provided. For MicroMAX systems, the third slot is covered with a blank panel.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B To Install a Module: Installing a module is a bit more complex because you first have to be sure the locking screws are aligned correctly. The following procedure is suggested. 1. Verify that the Controller has been turned OFF. 2.
Appendix A Specifications CCD Arrays Spectral Range Typically: 370-900 for MicroMAX:512BFT 350-1000 for MicroMAX:1024B and 1024BFT 400-1000 for MicroMAX:782Y and 782YHS 430-1050 for MicroMAX:512FT, 1024, and 1024FT 300-1080 for MicroMAX:1300Y, 1300YHS, and 1300YHS-DIF Types The following list is not necessarily current. Other chips may also be available. Contact the factory for up-to-date information.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Temperature Control Setting Mechanism: Temperature is set by the application software. Display: The actual temperature can be displayed at the computer by the application software. Range: At 25° ambient, the MicroMAX camera will typically lock to: •...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Programmable Interface TTL I/O at DB25 connector. There are eight input bits and eight output bits as described in Appendix B. A/D Converter Converter range: 12 bits Readout Rate: Fast, 1 MHz (alternatively 500 kHz); Slow, 100 kHz. Contact factory for information on other A/D converters.
Appendix B Outline Drawings Detectors C-MOUNT (1.00-32 THREAD) 4.63 4.63 0.500 COOLING AIR INLET TYPICAL BOTH SIDES OPTIONAL TRIPOD COOLING AIR OUTLET MOUNT KIT TYPICAL BOTH SIDES (2550-0312) DB-25 MALE GAIN SWITCH ACCESS TO CONTROLLER 2.41 3.16 2.25 0.94 1.14 ALLOW 1.5”...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B F-MOUNT (2 3/8” - 20 THREAD NIKON ADAPTER SHOWN 4.63 4.63 NIKON F-MOUNT 0.50 COOLING AIR INLET TYPICAL BOTH SIDES COOLING AIR OUTLET OPTIONAL TRIPOD TYPICAL BOTH SIDES MOUNT KIT (2550-0312) DB-25 MALE GAIN SWITCH ACCESS TO CONTROLLER 3.16 0.94...
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Appendix B Outline Drawings Figure 63. Rectangular Camera Head: Spectroscopy Mount with Shutter...
Appendix C Kinetics Mode Kinetics operation requires that the Kinetics option has been installed in the Controller. Introduction Kinetics mode uses the CCD to expose and store a limited number of images in rapid succession. The time it takes to shift each line (or row) on the CCD is as short as a few hundred nanoseconds to few microseconds, depending on the CCD.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Kinetic Timing Modes Kinetics mode operates with three timing modes: Free Run, Single Trigger, and Multiple Trigger. Figure 70. Hardware Setup dialog box Figure 71. Experiment Setup dialog box Free Run In the Free Run Kinetics mode, the controller takes a series of images, each with the Exposure time set through the software (in WinView32, the exposure time is set on the Experiment Setup|Main tab page).
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Appendix C Kinetics Mode START ACQUIRE command from the software issent automatically when ACQUIRE or FOCUS is clicked on in the software. START ACQUIRE Exposure SHUTTER Signal Shift Shutter Shutter opening closing time time Readout NOTSCAN Signal Figure 72. Free Run Timing Diagram Single Trigger Single Trigger Kinetics mode takes an entire series of images with each External Trigger Pulse (applied at the Ext.
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B START ACQUIRE command from the software issent automatically when ACQUIRE or FOCUS is clicked on in the software. START ACQUIRE External Triggers Exposure SHUTTER Signal Shift Shutter Shutter opening closing time time Readout NOTSCAN Signal Figure 74.
Appendix D Virtual Chip Mode Fully supported by WinView/WinSpec Version 2.5 when the communication protocol is TAXI (PCI), this feature is not supported when the protocol is USB 2.0. Introduction Virtual Chip mode (a WinView/32 option) is a special fast-acquisition technique that allows frame rates in excess of 100 fps to be obtained.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B The table below shows the minimum exposure time per frame (msec/Frame) and the number of frames per second (FPS) for several ROIs. Note that these numbers are provided for the 1 MHz and the 100 kHz readout rates. 1 MHz 100 kHz (msec/Frame)
Appendix D Virtual Chip Mode Assumptions: • You are familiar with the WinView/32 software and have read the hardware manuals. • Masking is for a 47x47 pixel Virtual Chip with its origin at 1,1. System Connection Diagram: Detector-Controller Interface cable (TAXI or USB 2.0) 110/220 Camera...
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X direction. However, the set of choices for the Y-dimension has been pre- selected for optimal performance. Note that the origin point that Princeton Instruments uses for a CCD array is 1,1. •...
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Appendix D Virtual Chip Mode 11. Click on the Load Default Values button. This enters the default ROI values. These values are: Start pixels of 1,1; End pixels based on the Chip Y and Chip X dimensions; and Groups of 1. •...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Experimental Timing Triggering can be achieved through the software via the timing mode Software Trigger (selectable on the dialog box, tab page) or it can be Experiment Setup Timing Mode achieved via the input on the rear of the camera. Triggering from the Ext Sync Ext Sync input allows you to acquire a single image per TTL pulse.
Appendix D Virtual Chip Mode Chip X and Y Dimension entries. By default, the ROI origin is at 1,1 and the Group values are both 1. Download Virtual Chip Definition: Sends the virtual chip parameter values to the controller’s non-volatile memory. If a virtual chip definition is already stored there, you will be given an overwrite warning.
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Troubleshooting" on page 103). Notes: 1. To minimize outgassing, all Princeton Instruments detectors are vacuum baked at the factory. Nevertheless, new detectors will experience a higher outgassing rate than detectors that have been in operation for several months, and are more likely to require repumping.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Figure 78. Vacuum Connector Required for Pumping • Phillips screwdriver and a 3/16" nut driver, required to remove the back plate from the camera. Vacuum Pumpdown Procedure The instructions that follow are for a 1 MHz or 100kHz/1 MHz round head camera only. 1.
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Appendix E Repumping the Vacuum 7. Remove the vacuum system from the Vacuum Connector. While turning the top knob counterclockwise, remove the Vacuum Connector from the camera. Replace the back cover. Figure 80. Attaching the Vacuum Connector Figure 81. Opening the Camera to the Vacuum System...
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Appendix F Spectrometer Adapters Princeton Instruments offers a variety of spectrometer adapters for rectangular head (NTE) MicroMAX systems. The mounting instructions for these adapters are organized by spectrometer model, camera type, and adapter kit number. The table below cross- references these items with the page number for the appropriate instruction set.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Acton (NTE with or without shutter) Adapter (supplied with spectrometer) Spacer Plate (removed) Description Screw, 10-32 × 1/4, Button Head Allen Hex, Stainless Steel 2826-0127 Assembly Instructions 1. Make sure that the shipping cover has been removed from the detector port on the spectrometer.
Appendix F Spectrometer Adapters Chromex 250 IS (NTE with or without shutter) Description 2517-0901 Plate, Adapter-Female Screw, 10-32 × 3/4, Socket head, Stainless Steel, Hex, Black 2826-0283 2518-0107 Adapter-Male, HR320 Screw, 10-32 × 1/4, Button Head Allen Hex, Stainless Steel 2826-0127 Set Screw, 10-32 ×...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B ISA HR 320 (NTE with or without shutter) Remove spectrometer cover for these screws. Description 2518-0106 Adapter-Female, HR320 2826-0087 Screw, M5-10, Flat Head, Socket, Stainless Steel 2518-0107 Adapter-Male, HR320 Screw, 10-32 × 1/4, Button Head Allen Hex, Stainless Steel 2826-0127 Set Screw, 10-32 ×...
Appendix F Spectrometer Adapters ISA HR 640 (NTE with or without shutter) Description 2518-0203 Adapter-Female, HR640 Screw, M4-.7 × 14, Socket Head Cap, Stainless Steel 2826-0144 2518-0107 Adapter-Male, HR320 Screw, 10-32 × 1/4, Button Head Allen Hex, Stainless Steel 2826-0127 Set Screw, 10-32 ×...
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B JY TRIAX family (NTE without shutter) Flanged Spectrometer Mount Remove 4 screws Description 2518-1000 Adapter, TRIAX, NTE, 7377, 7376, 7413 Screw, 10-32 × 5/8, Socket Head, Stainless Steel, Hex, Black 2826-0191 Typically, the adapter is shipped already mounted to the camera. The following procedure is provided in case you have ordered a JY TRIAX adapter for a shutterless MicroMAX rectangular head (NTE) camera that you already own.
MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B SPEX 500M (NTE with or without shutter) Description 2517-0214 Adapter-Female, Spex 500m Screw, 1/4-20 × 0.51, Low Socket Head Cap, Black 2826-0170 2518-0223 Adapter-Male, Spex 500m Screw, 10-32 × 1/4, Flat Head Slot, Stainless Steel 2826-0134 Screw, 8-32 ×...
Large data sets and/or long acquisition times may be subject to data overrun because of host computer interrupts during data acquisition. • USB 2.0 is not supported by the Princeton Instruments PC Interface Library (Easy DLLS). • Some WinView/WinSpec 2.5.X features are not fully supported with USB 2.0.
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Feature Supported with USB 2.0 in Remarks WinX 2.5.X Macro Record Macros recorded for non- PVCAM cameras may have to be re-recorded to function TTL I/O Table 19. Features Not Supported under USB 2.0...
Declarations of Conformity This section of the MicroMAX manual contains the declarations of conformity for MicroMAX systems. MicroMAX systems encompass RTE (round thermoelectrically-cooled) and NTE (rectangular thermoelectrically-cooled) camera heads and their associated controllers.
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY ROPER SCIENTIFIC (PRINCETON INSTRUMENTS) 3660 QUAKERBRIDGE ROAD TRENTON, NJ 08619 Declare under our sole responsibility, that the product MicroMAX SYSTEM With RTE/CCD CAMERA, To which this declaration relates, is in conformity with general safety requirement for electrical...
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DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY We, , ROPER SCIENTIFIC (PRINCETON INSTRUMENTS) 3660 QUAKERBRIDGE ROAD TRENTON, NJ 08619, Declare under our sole responsibility that the product ST-133 1 MHz HIGH POWER CONTROLLER w/NTE CAMERA HEAD, To which this declaration relates, is in conformity with general safety requirement for electrical...
Instruments will repair or replace, at its sole option, any defective parts, without charge to you. You must deliver the entire product to the Princeton Instruments factory or, at our option, a factory-authorized service center. You are responsible for the shipping costs to return the product to Princeton Instruments.
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Basic Limited One (1) Year Warranty. Vacuum Integrity Limited 24 Month Warranty Princeton Instruments warrants the vacuum integrity of all our products for a period of up to twenty-four (24) months from the date of shipment. We warrant that the detector head will maintain the factory-set operating temperature without the requirement for customer pumping.
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(1) year limited warranty and/or any other warranty, expressed or implied. 3. All warranty service must be made by the Princeton Instruments factory or, at our option, an authorized service center. 4. Before products or parts can be returned for service you must contact the Princeton Instruments factory and receive a return authorization number (RMA).
Index Cables (cont.) USB 2.0 64-pin DIN connector 94, 114 Calibration, spectrometer A/D converters suitable light sources specifications Camera AC power requirements back panel Accessories, alignment of connector Acton adapter instructions Actual exposure time 57, 60 introduction to Adapter instructions mounting considerations Acton 1/4"...
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Connectors EMF spike ST-133, AUX Output Environmental conditions ST-133, Detector ESABI timing mode ST-133, External Sync Exposure ST-133, NOTREADY image intensifier ST-133, NOTSCAN shutter ST-133, Serial COM Exposure and Readout ST-133, TTL In/Out 89, 96 Exposure time ST-133, USB 2.0 actual...
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Index Frame transfer (cont.) Lens Coupled Intensifier (LCI) readout Lens mount housing smearing Lens mounting timing Lenses, installation and removal Frames/Interrupt Line voltage selection (ST-133) Free Run procedure DIF camera selector drum experiments best suited for Frame transfer Macintosh II support Overlapped mode Memory allocation timing...
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Power input module (ST-133) Shutter Power requirements compensation time 52, 64, 117 Power switch and indicator drive selector Preopen Shutter mode effect of physical limitations on exposure 65 Princeton Instruments USB2 driver exposure installation external Procedures SHUTTER signal synchronization adapter installation lifetime...
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Index Shutter Power connector Timing modes 51, 52 SHUTTER signal Continuous Cleans Signal-to-noise ratio, on-chip integration 66 DIF camera Smearing table of frame transfer cameras Trap, vacuum interline CCDs Trinocular mount microscopes Smearing in interline operation TTL In/Out connector 89, 96 Software binning TTL In/Out pin assignments Software Trigger...
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MicroMAX System User Manual Version 6.B Warnings (cont.) Warranties (cont.) window removal x-ray detector Xenon and Hg arc lamps your responsibility Warranties Website image intensifier detector Well normal wear item disclaimer Well capacity one year restrictions on hardware binning one year on refurbished/discontinued table of products WinView...
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