Water Chemistry Terms - Master Spas jet Away Owner's Manual

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WATER CHEMISTRY TERMS YOU SHOULD KNOW
Before jumping into the Spa Water Maintence, here are some terms to help you.
1. Parts per million, or ppm:
2. Average size spa:
3. Total Alkalinity:
4. pH or potential hydrogen:
5. Shocking:
6. Sequestering:
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or spa chemical readings. Best described as any one million like items of equal
size and make up, next to one unlike item , but of equal size. This would be
one part per million.
What is it? The national spa and pool institute (NSPI)
states; 350 to 400 U.S. gallons is average. As a general rule, chemical dosages
are the same for any spa between 100 and 500 U.S. gallons. Spas over 500
U.S. gallons the dosage would be double. Under 100 U.S. gallons would be
on a case by case basis.
This is a measurement of the ability of the water to resist
changes in pH. Put another way, it is the water's ability to maintain proper
pH. Total alkalinity is measured in parts per million from 0 to 400 plus, with
80 to 150 ppm being the best range for spas. With low alkalinity, the pH will
flip, or change back and forth, and be hard to control. With high alkalinity it
becomes extremely difficult to change the pH.
water, or it is the measurement of the concentration of active hydrogen ions
in the water. The greater the concentration of active hydrogen ions, the lower
the pH. pH is not measured in parts per million, but on a scale from 0 to 14,
with 7 being the neutral. In spas when ever possible, a measurement between
7.2 and 7.8 is best. Whenever possible, it should be between 7.4 and 7.6.
With low pH, the results can be corroded metals, etched and stained plaster,
stained fiberglass or acrylic, eye / skin irritation, rapid chlorine or bromine
loss, and total alkalinity destruction. With high pH, the results can be cloudy
water, eye / skin irritation, scale formation, poor chlorine or bromine
efficiency.
This is when you add either extra chlorine (superchlorinate) by
raising the chlorine level above 8 ppm, or add a non-chlorine shock
(potassium monoperoxysulfate or potassium monopersulfate) to burn off
the chloramines or bromamines. A non-chlorine shock acts by releasing
oxygen in the water, which serves the same function as chlorine. The
advantage to using non-chlorine shock, is you can enter the water within 15
minutes after shocking. Using chlorine, you must wait until the total chlorine
reading is below 5 ppm. One thing to remember, a non-chlorine shock will
not kill bacteria or disinfect.
This can be defined as the ability to form a chemical complex
which remains in solution, despite the presence of a precipitating agent
(i.e. calcium and metals). Common names for sequestering chemicals are;
minquest, stain and scale control, metal-x, spa defender, spa metal gone, (etc.).
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This is a form of measurement used in most pool
This is a measurement of the active acidity in the
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