D-Link DES-3326 User Manual page 62

24-port NWay Ethernet Switch User's Guide
for the packet lifetime to expire for BPDU packets that were
forwarded based on the old topology. The forward delay timer is
used to allow the network topology to stabilize after a topology
change. In addition, STP specifies a series of states a port must
transition through to further ensure that a stable network
topology is created after a topology change.
Each port on a switch using STP exists is in one of the
following five states:
Blocking – the port is blocked from forwarding or
receiving packets
Listening – the port is waiting to receive BPDU packets
that may tell the port to go back to the blocking state
Learning – the port is adding addresses to its forwarding
database, but not yet forwarding packets
Forwarding – the port is forwarding packets
Disabled
management messages and must return to the blocking
state first
A port transitions from one state to another as follows:
From initialization (switch boot) to blocking
From blocking to listening or to disabled
From listening to learning or to disabled
From learning to forwarding or to disabled
From forwarding to disabled
From disabled to blocking
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– the port
Switch Management and Operating Concepts
only responds to network