Hioki RM3545A-1 Instruction Manual
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Hioki RM3545A-1 Instruction Manual

Resistance meter
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RM3545A-1
RM3545A-2
RESISTANCE METER
Read carefully before use.
Keep for future reference.
When using the instrument for the first
time
Safety Information
Part Names and Functions
Basic Measurements
Oct. 2023 Edition 1
RM3545EA961-00
Troubleshooting
p.7
Maintenance and Service
p.16
Error Displays
p.45
HIOKI RM3545E961-00
Instruction Manual
[600656000]
p.299
p.312
EN

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Summary of Contents for Hioki RM3545A-1

  • Page 1 RM3545A-1 RM3545A-2 Instruction Manual RESISTANCE METER Read carefully before use. Keep for future reference. When using the instrument for the first Troubleshooting time Safety Information Maintenance and Service p.299   Part Names and Functions p.16 Error Displays p.312 ...
  • Page 2 Learn more about product Specifications (p.263) specifications Troubleshoot a problem Troubleshooting (p.301) Learn more about resistance Appendix (p.319) measurement Communications Command Instruction Manual (PDF) Learn more about The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from communications commands Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ RM3545E961-00 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 3 Comparison with the Previous Products The following table provides comparisons between the previous products (RM3545 series) and the current products (RM3545A-1, RM3545A-2). Available: , Not available: − RM3545 series Specifications, RM3545A-1 RM3545A-2 functions RM3545 RM3545-01 RM3545-02 Minimum measurement 10 mΩ...

  • Page 4: Table Of Contents

    ..............44 4.13 Maintaining Measurement Precision (Self-Calibration) ........ 94 Basic Measurements 4.14 Increasing the Precision of the 100 MΩ Range (100 MΩ Range High-precision Checking the Measurement Target ..46 Mode) ..........98 Selecting the Measurement Range ..48 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 5 Connecting D/A Output ....181 Disabling and Enabling Key Operations D/A Output Specifications ....182 ............130  Disabling key operations (key-lock function) ..............130  Re-enabling key operations (key-lock cancel) ..............131 Enabling or Disabling the Key Beeper ............132 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 6 10.2 USB Interface ........233 ............287  Configuring communications ....233 12.6 Z3003 Multiplexer Unit ..... 293  Installing the USB driver ......234   General specifications ......293 Connecting the USB cable ......234  Measurement specifications ....296 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 7 14.12 Measuring Contact Resistance..345 14.13 JEC 2137 Induction Machine-compli- ant Resistance Measurement..347 14.14 Making Your Own Measurement Leads, Making Connections to the Multiplexer ........348 14.15 Checking Measurement Faults..350 14.16 Using the Instrument with a Withstanding Voltage Tester ..351 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 8: Introduction

    Introduction Introduction Thank you for choosing the Hioki RM3545A-1, RM3545A-2 Resistance Meter. To ensure your ability to get the most out of this instrument over the long term, please read this manual carefully and keep it available for future reference.

  • Page 9: Verifying Package Contents

    Hioki distributor or reseller. Confirm that these contents are provided. Main body  RM3545A-1, RM3545A-2 Resistance Meter (RM3545A-2 is provided with multiplexer slots.) Included accessories  Power cord (p.31)  Z2001 Temperature Sensor ...

  • Page 10: Options

    The options listed below are available for the instrument. To purchase any of the options, contact your autho- rized Hioki distributor or reseller. Options are subject to change. Check Hioki’s website for the latest information. For more information about the measurement leads, see “14.17 Measurement Leads (Options)” (p.352).
  • Page 11 Options  9642 LAN Cable  Z5038 0 ADJ Board  L1002 USB Cable (A-B type)  L9637 RS-232C Cable (9-pin to 9-pin, 3.0 m, crossover cable, double shield) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 12: Symbols And Abbreviations

    Indicates that the product complies with standards imposed by EU directives. Indicates that the product is subject to the Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) in EU member nations. Dispose of the product in accordance with local regulations. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 13 Indicates the minimum display unit (in other words, the smallest digit that can have Digit a value of 1) for a digital measuring instrument. Limit values for digit errors are (resolution) expressed using digits. See: “Example accuracy calculations” (p.274) (this instrument) See: “Example accuracy calculations” (p.297) (when using Z3003) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 14: Safety Information

    Failure to do so could cause the operator to experience an electric shock. Moreover, it could cause serious events such as heat generation, fire, and an arc flash due to a short-circuit. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 15: Precautions For Use

    Failure to do so could increase the internal temperature, resulting in bodily injury, fire, or damage to the instrument. 50 mm or more 10 mm or more 50 mm or more Rear • The instrument can be used with the stand (p.19). • This instrument can be rack mounted (p.354). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 16 Use of the instrument in a residential setting such as a neighborhood could interfere with reception of radio and television broadcasts. If you encounter this issue, take steps as appropriate to address it. Precautions for shipping Store the instrument packaging material after opening the instrument. Use the original packaging when ship- ping the instrument. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 17  Never attempt to measure the internal resistance of a bat- tery. The instrument will sustain damage. To measure the internal resistance of a battery, use a Hioki battery tester, etc.  When the instrument is used in a way that connects to a withstanding voltage tester via switching relays, construct a testing line bearing the following in mind.
  • Page 18 • Since the instrument uses DC current for measurement, it may be affected by thermal EMF, resulting in a measurement error. If so, use the offset voltage compensation (OVC) function. See: “4.8 Compensating for Thermal EMF Offset (OVC Function)” (p.83) and “14.10 Effect of Thermal EMF” (p.342) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 19 Precautions for Use HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 20: Overview

    2.6 Ω Measurement cables can be extended easily, even when using the 1 A measurement current range. *2. Route resistance is the total of all resistance components downstream from the instrument (wiring resistance + contact resistance). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 21 Monitor and test functions Provides robust support for line develop- ment by allowing you to check communi- Example of command monitor Example of EXT. I/O test cations and EXT. I/O on the screen. screen screen HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 22 (22) TERM B6 (SOURCE) Resolver (23) TERM B6 (SENSE) (24) TERM A6 (SOURCE) (25) TERM A6 (SENSE) (26) TERM B7 (SOURCE) (27) TERM B7 (SENSE) (28) TERM A7 (SOURCE) (29) TERM A7 (SENSE) SW1002 Switch Mainframe SW1001 Switch Mainframe HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 23: Part Names And Functions

    Red light: Standby state (while power is supplied) Green light: Power on keys to F4) Selection of settings displayed on the screen. ― MENU Displays the Settings screen or switches the pages. ― COMP.OUT terminal Connect the L2105 LED Comparator Attachment. p.108 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 24 Moves among items shown on the screen. ― Cancels the settings displayed on the screen. ― ENTER Confirms the settings displayed on the screen. ― Allows manual measurement when using the external p.217 trigger [EXT] setting. SPEED Switches the measurement speed. p.50 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 25 TEMP. SENSOR Connect the Z2001 Temperature Sensor. p.34 EXT. I/O MODE NPN/PNP Allows you to change the type of PLC to be connected with p.187 switch the EXT. I/O connector. Left: Current sink (NPN) Right: Current source (PNP) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 26 With the stand closed Be sure to close all the way, without stopping part- way. Stand  Do not subject the instrument to excessive force from above when the stands are extended. Doing so could damage the stands. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 27: Measurement Process

    • Using the printer (p.251) • Using USB, RS-232C, or LAN (p.231) Connect the measurement leads to the • Using the EXT. I/O (p.185) measurement target (p.52) • Using D/A Output (p.181) When finished measuring, turn the power off (p.43) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 28: Screen Organization And Operation Overview

    CONTACT TERM.B - - - - - - - Not measured, or broken connection in mea- surement target* To treat current faults (when the SOURCE wiring is open) as over-range events, change the current fault output mode setting. (p.60) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 29 Change Lower limit digits. values. value Accept the setting with the or cancel with the key. (3) Panel Save/Load screen Select a panel number. Perform action with an F key. Return to the Measurement screen with the key. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 30 Set the measurement conditions by channel. [CH-]: Changes (decreases) the channel. [CH+]: Changes (increases) the channel. < Setting values > Make the value editable with the key. Move among Change values. digits. Accept the setting with the key or cancel with the key. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 31 1.5 Screen Organization and Operation Overview List of settings RM3545A-1 Screen Setting and key Overview Measurement screen COMP Comparator function p.99 PANEL Saving and loading panels ― AUTO Measurement ranges p.48 ▲▼ (RANGE) SPEED Measurement speed p.50 Measurement screen (P.1/2)
  • Page 32 EXT. I/O TEST EXT. I/O test p.227 Communications Inter- INTERFACE Interface settings p.232 face Setting screen (IF) SPEED Communications p.231 DATA OUT CMD MONITOR PRINT INTRVL PRINT COLUMN Printing p.251 STAT CLEAR BIN Setting screen BIN measurement settings p.109 (BIN) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 33 Zero adjustment settings p.169 Individual channels’ zero 0 ADJ adjustment status Multiplexer Individual channels’ measure- Basic Measurement ment speed screen RANGE Individual channels’ range (MUX2) UPP/REF Individual channels’ comparator p.163 LOW/% settings Individual channels’ PASS con- PASS ditions HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 34 Load zero adjustment values p.124 CONTRAST Set the contrast p.134 BACK LIGHT Set the contrast brightness p.135 POWER FREQ Set the power frequency p.133 CLOCK Clock settings p.136 RESET Reset the instrument p.137 ADJUST Adjust the instrument p.362 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 35 SPEED Communications p.231 DATA OUT CMD MONITOR PRINT INTRVL PRINT COLUMN Printing p.251 STAT CLEAR BIN Setting screen BIN measurement settings p.109 (BIN) *1. When using the multiplexer, the selected channel number will be displayed next to “MEAS.” HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 36: Measurement Preparations

    “2.2 Connecting the Power Cord” (p.31) “2.3 Connecting Measurement Leads” (p.32) “2.4 Connecting Z2001 Temperature Sensor or Thermometer with Analog Output (When using the TC or ΔT)” (p.34) “2.5 Installing the Multiplexer Unit” (p.41) “2.6 Turning the Power On and Off” (p.43) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 37: Pre-Operation Inspection

    Before use, inspect the instrument and verify that it’s operating properly.  Using test leads or an instrument that is damaged could result in serious bodily injury. If you discover any damage, replace with a Hioki-specified part. Inspection of included accessories and options Inspection points Remedy The power cord insulation is not torn.

  • Page 38: Connecting The Power Cord

    Ensure that the insulation on the cables are undamaged and that no bare  conductors are improperly exposed before use. Any damage to the instrument leads to electric shock. Contact your authorized Hioki dis- tributor or reseller.  Do not use a power supply that generates rectangular wave or pseudo-sine wave output (an uninterruptible power supply, DC/AC inverter, etc.) to power the instru-...

  • Page 39: Connecting Measurement Leads

    Failure to do so could cause a wire break in cables. IMPORTANT • When using this instrument, it is recommended to use Hioki-specified test leads. Using a lead other than the specified part could result in issues such as incomplete contact, preventing accurate mea- surement.
  • Page 40 SOURCE SENSE Black SENSE SOURCE SOURCE Black When clipping a small-gauge wire When clipping a large-gauge wire (Clip with the tip of the alligator clips.) (Clip with the back of the alligator clips, where there are no teeth.) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 41: Connecting Z2001 Temperature Sensor Or Thermometer With Analog Output (When Using The Tc Or Δt)

    It is not possible to accurately measure the temperature of the measurement target itself by placing the sensor in contact with the surface of the target. Use of an infrared thermometer to per- form correction is appropriate when there is a large temperature difference between the ambient environment and the measurement target. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 42 • Connect the temperature sensor by inserting Z2001 Temperature the plug all the way. Sensor • Do not connect anything to the TEMP.ANA- LOG INPUT terminal. Place the tip of the temperature sensor near the measurement target. Configure temperature measurement. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 43 P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the System Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [SYS] with the left and right cursor keys. Select [TEMP INPUT] and press [SENSOR]. Selection Thermistor sensor (Z2001) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 44 With a 50 Ω resistor connected, the reference voltage (V ) settings are 0.20 V (V and 1.00 V (V • When connecting the thermometer, do not connect anything to the TEMP.SENSOR terminal. Doing so may cause erroneous measured values to be displayed. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 45 Compatible wires: Single wire AWG28 ( 0.32 mm) to AWG22 ( 0.65 mm) Stranded wire AWG28 (0.08 mm ) to AWG22 (0.32 mm ø Strand diameter 0.12 mm or more Standard bare wire length: 9 mm to 10 mm HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 46 Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the System Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [SYS] with the left and right cursor keys. Select TEMP INPUT and press (ANLG-V). Selection Analog input HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 47 Reference temperature (T ): −99.9 to 999.9°C (default T : 0°C, T : 100°C) Return to the Measurement screen. The displayed value is calculated by the following expression. − − × (Input voltage) + − − Analog input voltage アナログ入力電圧 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 48: Installing The Multiplexer Unit

    (using antistatic devices such as a wrist strap) as well as wearing antistatic gloves are recommended.  When not using the multiplexer unit, store it using the packaging materials in which it was delivered. Failure to do so could damage the multiplexer unit. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 49 See: “Customizing channel pin allocation” (p.158) Removing a Multiplexer Unit After turning off the instrument’s main power switch and disconnecting all cords and leads, remove the Multiplexer Unit by reversing the above procedure and then attach the blank panel. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 50: Turning The Power On And Off

    Turning off the instrument with the main power switch Turn off ( ) the main power switch on the rear of the instrument. Power off Canceling the standby state Press the STANDBY key (the STANDBY key will change from red to green). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 51: Placing The Instrument In The Standby State

    If power to the instrument is cut off with the power switch in the on position (by a circuit breaker, etc.), the instrument will start up when power is restored, without any need to press the STANDBY key. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 52: Basic Measurements

    “3.1 Checking the Measurement Target” (p.46) “3.2 Selecting the Measurement Range” (p.48) “3.3 Setting the Measurement Speed” (p.50) “3.4 Connecting Measurement Leads to the Measurement Target” (p.52) “3.5 Checking Measured Values” (p.53) To customize measurement conditions, see “4 Customizing Measurement Conditions” (p.63). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 53: Checking The Measurement Target

    High Signal contacts Wire harnesses, connectors, relay contacts, switches Off * Power contacts Wire harnesses, connectors, relay contacts, switches High Fuses, resistors Low * Conductive paint, conductive rub- High Other, standard resistance mea- surement Heaters, electrical wires High HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 54 *3. When there is sufficient margin with regard to the allowable applied voltage, select on. IMPORTANT When measuring a commercial power supply transformer using an external trigger, measurement can- not be performed using the delay setting preset. Either make the delay adequately long or measure using the internal trigger (p.86). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 55: Selecting The Measurement Range

    See: “4.2 Switching Measurement Currents (100 mΩ to 100 Ω range)” (p.67) • When measuring delicate samples, make measurements with the low-power mode on. See: “4.1 Switching to Low-power Mode (LP)” (p.65) • Refer to “Measurement accuracy” (p.271) for information on each range measurement accuracy. Continued on next page HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 56 However, if there is chatter even when the contact check is enabled, it will not be possible to completely prevent a rush current. • When set to 2-wire with the multiplexer, ranges of 10 Ω and lower cannot be used. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 57: Setting The Measurement Speed

    • When OVC is on, integration is performed twice. When LP is on, OVC is fixed to on. • When using the SLOW2 measurement speed with LP on, the instrument will perform averaging with two iterations internally even if the averaging function is set to off. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 58 SLOW2 50 Hz 60 Hz 50 Hz 60 Hz LP1000 mΩ LP10 Ω LP100 Ω LP1000 Ω Shortest conditions Delay: 0 ms, OVC: Off, Averaging: Off, Self-calibration: MANUAL, Contact improvement: Off, Scaling: Off Measured value display switching: none HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 59: Connecting Measurement Leads To The Measurement Target

    Example with L2102 Place leads in contact with target. Example with L2104 SOURCE A SENSE A SENSE B SOURCE B The SENSE terminals are placed to the inside of the SOURCE terminals. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 60: Checking Measured Values

    Displaying temperature and pre-calculation measured values You can switch this part of the display to show nothing, the temperature, or the pre-calculation measured value. See: “Example displays” (p.54) Switch the function menu to P.1/3. [VIEW] Switch the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 61 (Value before REF% calculation: With REF% (Value before REF% calculation: With REF% comparator setting and scaling OFF) comparator setting and scaling ON) RS: Resistance measured value after scaling R: Resistance measured value (before relative calculation) (before relative calculation) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 62 If the interface type has been set to “printer”, you can print settings with Return to the Measurement screen. IMPORTANT When the scan function is set to auto or step, the list of measurement conditions and settings cannot be displayed. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 63: Confirming Measurement Faults

    When no measurement current flows from the SOURCE B terminal to the SOURCE A terminal See: “Current fault detection function” (p.58) (2) This fault is displayed when no measurement has been performed since the measure- ment conditions were changed. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 64 (Depends on output format - - - - - - - settings) (Depends on output format settings) Below lower limit LO output -OvrRng Above upper limit HI output +OvrRng No measurement data - - - - - - - HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 65 Regarding the reference values for route resistance that will result in a current fault, see “Reference values for route resistance (wiring resistance + contact resistance) that will result in a current fault” (p.59). When using current 1 A range, keep the route resistance low. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 66 You can verify that the unit’s internal route resistance is 1 Ω or less using the unit test. See: “7.6 Performing the Multiplexer Unit Test” (p.172) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 67 The Settings screen appears. Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. Select the desired current fault mode. Selection Current fault (default) Over-range Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 68: Holding Measured Values

    Hold operation is automatically canceled when the measurement leads are removed from the measurement target and then brought into contact with the measurement target again. You can also cancel hold operation by pressing or changing the range and measurement speed. When hold operation is canceled, the [HOLD] indicator will go out. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 69 3.5 Checking Measured Values HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 70: Customizing Measurement Conditions

    Switching Measurement Currents p.67 When you wish to perform measurement while Low-Power Mode (LP) p.65 minimizing the effect on the contact surface state When you wish to detect contact defects and Contact Check Function p.90 measurement cable breaks HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 71 Judge measured values Comparator Function p.99 Classify measurement results BIN Measurement Function p.109 Perform statistical calculations on measured Statistical Calculations Function p.112 values Perform temperature rise test Temperature Conversion Function p.118 (ΔT) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 72: Switching To Low-Power Mode (Lp)

    • When low-power mode is set to on, the contact improvement function is set to off. • When low-power mode is set to on, the contact check default setting is off. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 73 The Settings screen appears. Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. Select the low-power mode, as needed. Selection Low-power mode Normal resistance measurement (default) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 74: Switching Measurement Currents (100 Mω To 100 Ω Range)

    • Shield the measurement cable (connect the shielding to the instrument’s GUARD terminal). • Twist the measurement cables together. • Shield the measurement target (connect the shielding to the instrument’s GUARD terminal). • Decrease the measurement speed or use the averaging function. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 75 However, if there is chatter even when the contact check is enabled, it will not be possible to completely prevent a rush current. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 76: Performing Zero Adjustment

    • When using the multiplexer, zero adjustment can be performed by scanning all channels. See: “7.5 Zero adjustment (When a Multiplexer Unit Has Been Installed)” (p.169) Allow the instrument to warm up for 60 minutes before performing zero adjustment. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 77 Press the board symmetrically about the “+” mark on the center of the zero adjustment board. Insert the pins on the SENSE side (with the line) into the larger diameter side of the elongated holes. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 78 Improper wiring Performing zero adjustment Switch the function menu to P.2/3. Display the confirmation mes- sage for performing zero- adjustment. Perform zero adjustment and return to the Measurement screen. Cancel zero adjustment and return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 79 Cancels zero adjustment for all ranges. Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 80 The confirmation message is dis- played. Confirm the message and cancel zero adjustment. Canceling zero adjustment The message is displayed and zero- adjustment is canceled. Cancel zero adjustment and return to the previous screen. Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 81: Stabilizing Measured Values (Averaging Function)

    (Non-Free-Run), a mean average is :READ? used. For more information about communications commands, see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ Average (of measurements D1 to D6) with Averaging Samples set to 2. 1st Sample...
  • Page 82 Move the cursor to the digit you wish to set with the left and right cursor keys. Change the value with the up and Setting range: 2 to 100 times (default: 2 times) down cursor keys. Accept Cancel) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 83: Correcting For The Effects Of Temperature (Temperature Correction [Tc])

    Setting ΔT to on causes TC to be turned off automatically. Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 84 Change the value with the up and down cursor keys. Accept Cancel) Return to the Measurement screen. Setting range Reference temperature : −10.0 to 99.9°C (default: 20°C) Temperature coefficient : −99999 to 99999 ppm/°C (default: 3930 ppm/°C) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 85: Correcting Measured Values And Dis- Playing Physical Properties Other Than Resistance Values (Scaling Function)

    PR1000 µΩ 0.000 000 µ 00.000 00 µ 000.000 0 µ 0000.000 µ 00.000 00 m 000.000 0 m 0000.000 m PR10 mΩ 00.000 µ 000.000 µ 0000.000 µ 00.000 00 m 000.000 0 m 0000.000 m 00.000 00 PR100 mΩ 000.000 µ 0000.000 µ 00.000 00 m 000.000 0 m 0000.000 m 00.000 00 000.000 0 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 86 Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. Enable (disable) the scaling function. Selection Enables the scaling function Disables the scaling function (default) Return to the Measure- ment screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 87 Multiply by 1/10. Clear value. It is not possible to set the exponent (E+3, etc.) directly. Use to multiply by 10 or 1/10 as nec- essary. Accept Cancel) Setting range: 0 to ±9×10 (maximum resolution: 1 nΩ, default: 0) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 88 • If the calculation result is negative, the displayed value will be negative. Example: If you set an offset of −50 mΩ for the 100 mΩ range → If you measure 30 mΩ, −20 mΩ will be displayed. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 89: Changing The Number Of Measured Value Digits

    • If the number of of full scale digits is less than the setting, the number of full scale digits will be used. For more information about of full scale, see “Basic specifications” (p.264). • Changing the number of digits will not change the number of digits for measured values acquired with communications commands. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 90: Compensating For Thermal Emf Offset (Ovc Function)

    The OVC function is automatically turned on for all ranges. This function cannot be disabled. Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 91 • When using the zero adjustment function, be sure to perform zero adjustment after disabling the offset voltage correction function. • Zero adjustment does not need to be performed after enabling the offset voltage correction function. • When offset voltage compensation is enabled ([OVC] lit) measurement time is increased. (p.265) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 92: Switching To Pure Resistance Mode (Pr)

    Enable (disable) the pure resistance mode. Selection OFF (default) Return to the Measurement screen. IMPORTANT If the measurement target contains the inductance component, the measurement becomes unstable. In such cases, disable the pure resistance mode or extend the delay. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 93: Setting Pre-Measurement Delay (Delay Function)

    1000 µΩ High PR: On 10 mΩ High Delay High 100 mΩ High 1000 mΩ High 10 Ω High − 100 Ω 1000 Ω 10 kΩ 100 kΩ 1000 kΩ − − 10 MΩ 100 MΩ 1000 MΩ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 94 • The preset value is set assuming about 10 mH of inductance (1 mH in the PR mode) and varies with each measurement range. • When using the EXT trigger source, the measurement current will not be stopped for measurement ranges of 10 kΩ and greater (continuous application). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 95 Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. Select whether to use the preset (default) or a user-set value. Selection Preset (internal fixed value) User-set Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 96 Move the cursor to the digit you wish to set with the left and right cursor keys. Change the value with the up and Setting range: 0 ms (default) to 9999 ms down cursor keys. Accept Cancel) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 97: Checking For Poor Or Improper Contact (Contact Check Function)

    • In the low-power mode, the contact check default setting is off. Turning on the contact check func- tion will cause the open-circuit terminal voltage to change to 300 mV. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 98 Selection Enables the contact check func- tion (default setting when low- power mode is set to off) Disables the contact check func- tion (default setting when low- power mode is set to on) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 99: Improving Probe Contact (Contact Improvement Function)

    Probe contact condition TRIG Contact improvement current 0.2 ms Measurement current Voltage is being applied (1000 μΩ to 1000 Ω range) Measurement current Voltage is being applied (always) (10 kΩ to 1000 MΩ range) Measurement Measurement in progress Delay HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 100 Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. Enable (disable) the contact improvement function. Selection Enables the contact improvement function Disables the contact improve- ment function (default) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 101: Maintaining Measurement Precision (Self-Calibration)

    In the event the TRIG signal is received during a 5 ms self-calibration, the self-calibration is canceled, and measurement will start after 0.5 ms. If you are concerned about variation in measurement times, please use the manual setting. Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 102 2 degrees or more. Accuracy can- not be guaranteed if self-calibration is not performed. Even if the temperature variation in the operating environment is less than 2 degrees, self-calibration should be performed at a 30-minute interval. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 103 • During auto-scan operation, self-calibration starts only after scanning completes. Self-calibration will not be performed after each channel is measured. • A 400 ms self-calibration is performed immediately after switching from MANUAL to AUTO. Do not input the TRIG signal during that interval. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 104 If the CAL signal is received during measurement, the CAL signal will be accepted, and self-calibration will start after measurement completes. Method of normal use TRIG 400 ms Measurement Measurement Self-calibration Measurement processing If the TRIG signal is received during self-calibration TRIG Measurement Measurement Measurement Self-calibration processing HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 105: Increasing The Precision Of The 100 Mω Range (100 Mω Range High-Precision Mode)

    Open the Measurement Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [MEAS] with the left and right cursor keys. Enable (disable) the 100 MΩ range high-precision mode. Selection Enables the high-precision mode Disables the high-precision mode Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 106: Judging Measured Values (Comparator Function)

    Select the REF% (relative values) judgment mode Decide whether a measured value is within specified Upper Example threshold (%) tolerance limits relative to a 12.000 kΩ Reference value Reference specified reference value value (Ω) ±0.08% Upper and lower Lower (p.104) threshold values threshold (%) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 107 Off (no judgment) CONTACT TERM - - - - - - - • If power is turned off during comparator setting, changes to settings are lost as they revert to their previous values. To accept the settings, press HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 108: Enabling And Disabling The Comparator

    • Turning on the ΔT or BIN measurement function causes the comparator function to automatically turn off. • The range cannot be changed while using the comparator function. To change the range, do so with keys on the Comparator Settings screen. To use auto-ranging, turn off the comparator function. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 109: Decide According To Upper/Lower Thresholds (Abs Mode)

    Change the value with the up and down cursor keys. To reset numerical values Press to clear the upper limit val- ue. The upper limit value will be reset to HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 110 4.15 Judging Measured Values (Comparator Function) Set the lower limit value in the same way. Accept the settings and return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 111: Decide According To Reference Value And Tolerance (Ref% Mode)

    To reset numerical values Press to clear the reference val- ue. The reference value will be reset to When using REF% mode and the multiplexer, the CH1 measurement results can be used as the reference value by pressing on MENU P.2/2. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 112 Change the value with the up and down cursor keys. To reset numerical values Press to clear the upper and low- er limit values. The upper and lower lim- it values will be reset to 0. Accept the settings and return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 113: Checking Judgments Using Sound (Judgment Sound Setting Function)

    Open the System Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [SYS] with the left and right cursor keys. Select the sound you desire for Hi judgments. Selection Select the sound you desire. Disable the beeper. (default) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 114 To set the number of beeps: Change the number of beeps. Setting range: 1 to 5 times, continuous Return to the Measurement screen. Repeat this process to configure the settings for the IN and Lo judgments. IMPORTANT The volume cannot be adjusted. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 115: Checking Judgments With The L2105 Led Comparator Attachment (Option)

    Confirm that the instrument’s Main power switch (rear panel) is off ( Plug the L2105 LED Comparator Attachment into the COMP.OUT terminal on the front panel. IMPORTANT Insert the comparator attachment securely all the way into the terminal. L2105 LED Comparator Attachment HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 116: Classifying Measurement Results (Bin Measurement Function)

    P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the BIN Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [BIN] with the left and right cursor keys. Enable (disable) the BIN function. Selection Enables the BIN function. Disables the BIN function. (default) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 117 Set the judgment mode to REF%. Range switching (The range setting applies to all BIN numbers.) Accept Cancel) Return to the previous screen. You can also display a list of set BIN numbers. BIN setting list display Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 118 4.16 Classifying Measurement Results (BIN Measurement Function) BIN setting list display Measurement screen: when the BIN function is ON The BIN number with the IN judgment will be shown in reverse video. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 119: Measured Values

    • Measurement speed is restricted when statistical calculation is enabled. • Turning on ΔT or setting the measurement terminal to multiplexer automatically turns off the statisti- cal calculation function. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 120 • when changing comparator settings (p.99) • when changing BIN measurement function settings (p.109) • when printing the statistical calculations (p.257) (you can select whether to delete results after printing (p.258)) • upon system reset (p.137) • when turning off the instrument HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 121: Using Statistical Calculations

    [PRINT] on the MENU [P.1/3] display. Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the System Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [SYS] with the left and right cursor keys. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 122 Enable the statistical calculation function. Selection Enable statistical calculation Disable statistical calculation (default) Return to the Measurement screen. When statistical calculation is ON, [STAT] will be displayed when the MENU [P.1/3] display is active. See: Confirm calculation results (p.116) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 123: Confirming, Printing, And Erasing Calculation Results

    (When the comparator function is on) [Hi] Number of comparator Hi settings [IN] Number of comparator IN settings [Lo] Number of comparator Lo settings (When the BIN function is on) [BIN] BIN setting range and IN judg- ment count HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 124 For more information about printing, see “11 Printing (Using an RS-232C Printer)” (p.251). Output to the printer. “Example Printouts” (p.259) To erase Erases the last measurement and calculation result (executes only once). Erases all measured values and statistical calculation results. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 125: Performing Temperature Rise Test (Temperature Conversion Function [Δt])

    ) at the preset intervals. (4) Draw a line by connecting the collected temperature data (Δt to Δt ), and estimate the maximum tem- perature rise value (Δt ). Initial temp. Time Power OFF 1 ..HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 126 Change the value with the up and down cursor keys. Accept Cancel) Setting range Initial resistance : 0.001 µΩ to 9000.000 MΩ (default: 1.0000 Ω) Initial temp. : −10.0 to 99.9°C (default: 23.0°C) The initial resistance value range varies with the scaling setting. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 127 Return to the Measurement Setting range : −999.9 to 999.9 (default: 235.0) screen. Guideline for k IEC 60034 recommends the following: • Copper: k = 235 • Aluminum: k = 225 See: “14.5 Temperature Conversion (ΔT) Function” (p.324) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 128: Saving And Loading Panels (Saving And Loading Measurement Conditions)

    • Zero adjustment (Loading of these values can be dis- • Temperature conversion (ΔT) abled.) (p.124) • Statistical calculations settings • Averaging • Multiplexer settings (including channels) • Delay • Temperature Correction (TC) • Offset voltage compensation (OVC) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 129: Saving Measurement Conditions (Panel Save Function)

    Change the character with the up and down cursor keys. Enter a number from 0 to 9. Enter a letter from A to z, or an underbar character ( _ ). Delete 1 character. Accept Cancel) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 130: Loading Measurement Conditions (Panel Load Function)

    “Preventing loading of zero adjustment values” (p.124) Open the Panel List screen. The Panel List screen appears. Select a panel number. Data saved for selected panel Selection Load the panel. (You can also load the panel with the key.) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 131: Preventing Loading Of Zero Adjustment Values

    See: “9 External Control (EXT. I/O)”; “Input signals” (p.190) For more information about ccommunications commands, see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ • If measurement conditions are changed after being loaded, the panel name will no longer be displayed.
  • Page 132 When a panel is loaded, change zero adjustment values to the val- ues in effect when the panel was saved. (default) Do not change zero adjustment values, even when panel data is loaded. Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 133: Changing Panel Names

    Change the character with the up and down cursor keys. Enter a number from 0 to 9. Enter a letter from A to z, or an underbar character ( _ ). Delete 1 character. Accept Cancel) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 134: Deleting Panel Data

    Cancel the operation and return to the previous screen. (you can also do this with the key) Return to the Measurement screen. IMPORTANT Once a panel’s data is deleted, it cannot be restored (the delete operation cannot be undone). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 135 5.4 Deleting Panel Data HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 136: System Settings

    “6.1 Disabling and Enabling Key Operations” (p.130) “6.2 Enabling or Disabling the Key Beeper” (p.132) “6.3 Power Line Frequency Manual Setting” (p.133) “6.4 Adjusting Screen Contrast” (p.134) “6.5 Adjusting the Backlight” (p.135) “6.6 Setting the Clock” (p.136) “6.7 Initializing (Reset)” (p.137) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 137: Disabling And Enabling Key Operations

    MENU [LOCAL] (dis- disabled. ables remote control). However, the ENTER (trigger) key remains en- abled (p.185). How to cancel key-lock: Turn OFF the EXT. I/O KEY_LOCK signal. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. Display the Key Lock Selection screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 138: Re-Enabling Key Operations (Key-Lock Cancel)

    Press and hold [UNLOCK] for one second. IMPORTANT When the EXT. I/O KEY_LOCK signal is ON, the key-lock cannot be canceled with the key operation of the instrument. Turn OFF the KEY_LOCK signal. See: “KEY_LOCK” (p.190) in “Signal descriptions”. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 139: Enabling Or Disabling The Key Beeper

    To disable the key beeper, error beep, and auto-hold beep, turn off the instrument and then turn it back on while holding down the ENTER keys. [(ERR, AUTO HOLD)] will be displayed as the [KEY CLICK] setting, and the error beep and auto-hold beep will be set to the same setting as the key beeper. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 140: Power Line Frequency Manual Setting

    Select the line frequency being used. Selection Automatically detect local line frequency (default) When the line frequency is 50 Hz When the line frequency is 60 Hz Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 141: Adjusting Screen Contrast

    Move the cursor to the [SYS] with the left and right cursor keys. Adjust the contrast. Selection Decrease the contrast. Increase the contrast. Setting range: 0 to 100%, 5% step (Default setting: 50%) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 142: Adjusting The Backlight

    Move the cursor to the [SYS] with the left and right cursor keys. Adjust the backlight. Selection Decrease the backlight brightness. Increase the backlight bright- ness. Setting range: 0 to 100%, 5% step (Default setting: 80%) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 143: Setting The Clock

    Change the value with the up and down cursor keys. Accept Cancel) Enter the last two digits of the year, and the month, day, hour and minutes in that order. Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 144: Initializing (Reset)

    Initializing (Reset) Three reset functions are available. For more information about communications commands, see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ 1. Reset: Returns measurement conditions (except the panel data) to factory defaults.
  • Page 145 Selection Perform a multiplexer chan- nel reset. Perform a reset. Perform a system reset. The confirmation message is displayed. Select whether to initialize the instrument. Execute Cancel the operation The Measurement screen is displayed when system reset finishes. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 146: Default Settings

    6.7 Initializing (Reset) Default settings RM3545A-1 Reset: , Do not reset: − Multiplexer Default Screen Setting and key channel settings reset Measurement screen COMP p.101  AUTO  AUTO p.48 ▲▼ (RANGE)  SPEED SLOW2 p.50  − Measurement screen (P.1/2) VIEW (F2) p.53...
  • Page 147 − JUDGE/BCD MODE JUDGE p.225 − OVRRNG ERR OUT p.226 − Communications INTERFACE RS232C p.232 − Interface Setting SPEED 9600bps p.235 − screen (IF) DATA OUT p.248 − CMD MONITOR p.245 BIN Setting screen − p.109 (BIN) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 148  LOW POWER p.65  PURE RESISTANCE p.85  MEAS CURRENT HIGH p.67  − Ω DIGITS 7DGT p.82 − CURR ERROR MODE CurErr p.60 CONTACT CHECK p.90  CONTACT IMPRV p.92  100MΩ PRECISION p.98  HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 149 Interface SPEED 9600bps − p.235 Setting screen (IF) DATA OUT − p.248 CMD MONITOR − p.245 BIN Setting screen − p.109 (BIN) *1. When using the multiplexer, the selected channel number will be displayed next to “MEAS”. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 150 TERM B1 2-wire UNIT TERM A TERM B Enabled TERM A1 TERM B1 Disabled TERM A2 TERM B2 Disabled TERM A21 TERM B21 Disabled TERM A1 TERM B1 Disabled TERM A2 TERM B2 Disabled TERM A21 TERM B21 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 151 6.7 Initializing (Reset) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 152: Multiplexer

    1 A measurement cur- rent, even if the unit test yields a PASS result. If you encounter a current fault ([-------] [OvrRng] dis- play), reduce the route resistance. (p.58) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 153: About The Multiplexer

    (when using the measurement terminals on the front of the instrument). • You can choose from the following three scan methods. Choose the setting that best suits your application. (1) Scan function: Off (2) Scan function: Step (3) Scan function: Auto HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 154 CHn measurement ↓ CHn judgment, Total judgment, EOM signal ON output Acquisition of Display, Communications Display, Communications Display, Communications commands, EXT. I/O commands, EXT. I/O commands each channel’s measured val- ue and judg- ment results Total judgment No HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 155: Restrictions When Using The Multiplexer Unit

    About multiplexer EXT. I/O control, see “9 External Control (EXT. I/O)” (p.185). For more information about multiplexer command control, see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ Restrictions when using the multiplexer unit •...

  • Page 156: Connector Type And Pinouts

    SENSE SOURCE EX SENSE B (EX Pot Hi) TERM B8 SOURCE SENSE EX SENSE A (EX Pot Lo) TERM B4 SENSE SOURCE EX SOURCE A (EX Cur Lo) TERM A8 SOURCE SENSE EX GUARD TERM A4 SENSE EARTH HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 157 TERM A15 EX B (EX Hi) TERM A7 TERM B15 EX B (EX Hi) TERM B7 TERM B16 EX A (EX Lo) TERM B8 TERM A16 EX A (EX Lo) TERM A8 TERM A17 EX GUARD TERM A9 EARTH HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 158: About Multiplexer Wiring

    4-terminal measurement will not be performed properly. Connect only one target with one combi- nation of terminals. Example of incorrect wiring Z3003 (Pin No.) Pin name IMPORTANT Connections and measurements cannot span different multiplexer units. Example of unsupported measurement: Between Unit 1 TERM 1 and Unit 2 TERM 1 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 159: Internal Circuitry

    PASS result if the value is 1 Ω or less. • For more information about multiplexer command control, see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/...

  • Page 160: Electrical Specifications

    Mechanical relay Maximum allowable ±60 V DC, or 30 V AC rms and 42.4 V AC peak voltage Maximum allowable 30 W (DC) (Resistance load) power Contact service life 4-wire: 50 million cycles. 2-wire: 5 million cycles (reference value) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 161: Multiplexer Settings

    Multiplexer Settings In addition to instrument key operation and communications commands, a sample application software is available for configuring multiplexer settings. The sample application software is available for download from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/software/ Configuring multiplexer settings This section describes how to configure overall multiplexer operation.
  • Page 162 TRIG signal). (default) Use step scan (measure 1 channel at each TRIG signal). Do not scan. IMPORTANT When the scan function is set to auto or step, external trigger operation will be used regardless of the trigger source setting. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 163 This setting is valid only when the scan function is on. Selection Stop scanning when any channel yields a FAIL judgment. Do not stop scanning even if a channel yields a FAIL judgment. (default) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 164 Use the multiplexer. Set the scan function. Switch the function menu to P.3/3. Scan Function Selection screen Use auto-scan (measure all channels at each TRIG signal) (default). Use step scan (measure 1 channel at each TRIG signal). Do not scan. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 165: Customizing Channel Pin Allocation

    TERM B Enabled TERM A1 TERM B1 Disabled TERM A2 TERM B2 Disabled TERM A21 TERM B21 Disabled TERM A1 TERM B1 Disabled TERM A2 TERM B2 Disabled TERM A21 TERM B21 See: “7.7 Example Connections and Settings” (p.174) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 166 You can copy the settings for the selected channel to the next channel with the key. (Only the settings shown on the screen will be copied. However, unit and pin settings will not be copied.) You can return to the [MUX2] tab with the key. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 167 Multiplexer unit 2 Select the pin to which the measurement target will be connected. Move to [TERM A] (current detection side) selection. Set the terminal number. Move to [TERM B] (current application side) selection. Set the terminal number. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 168 Measure using an externally con- nected device. Return to the Measurement screen. Repeat Steps through above to configure other channels’ settings. IMPORTANT When the scan function is set to AUTO, channels that are set to an externally connected device will be ignored. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 169: Setting Basic Measurement Conditions And Total Judgment Conditions For Individual Channels

    • Channels for which the measuring instrument is set to EXT (external device) are not included in total judgments. When the comparator judgment method is REF%, the channel 1 measured value can be used as the reference value. (p.164) If you wish to initialize the multiplexer channel settings See: “6.7 Initializing (Reset)” (p.137) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 170 Set the measurement speed. Move to the SPD (SPEED) parameter. Set the measurement speed to FAST. Set the measurement speed to MEDIUM. Set the measurement speed to SLOW1. Set the measurement speed to SLOW2. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 171 You can use the CH1 measurement result as the reference value for CH2 and subsequent channels in REF% mode by pressing on MENU P.2/2. Switch the function menu to P.2/2. Set the reference value to the CH1 judgment result. The CH2 reference value has been set to the CH1 judgment result. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 172 Set the PASS condition (when the scan function is set to auto or step only). Move the cursor to the PASS CON- DITION parameter. Set the PASS condition to OFF. Select the PASS con- dition. Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 173: Customizing Measurement Conditions For Individual Channels

    CH+: Changes (increases) the channel. Set the measurement conditions. <Hint> The channel can be changed for each setting with the keys. Measurement conditions can be copied to the next channel. (See: p.163) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 174: Measuring With The Multiplexer

    You can also change the measurement range, speed, and comparator settings directly from the Measurement screen. Select the channel. With the exception of channel operations, functionality is the same as measurement using the termi- nals on the front of the instrument. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 175: Performing Scan Measurement

    Scan measurement will stop midway through the scan. • When the scan function is set to step If there is a scan in progress, it will return to the first channel. IMPORTANT During scan measurement, only the Standby and [STOP] keys can be used. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 176: Zero Adjustment (When A Multiplexer Unit Has Been Installed)

    Connect each channel to 0 Ω. See: “14.6 About Zero Adjustment” (p.325) Perform zero adjustment. See: “4.3 Performing Zero Adjustment” (p.69) IMPORTANT Zero adjustment cannot be performed for channels for which the measuring instrument is set to an exter- nally connected device. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 177: Canceling Zero Adjustment

    Canceling zero adjustment The confirmation message is dis- played. Confirm the message and select [OK]. The message is displayed and zero adjustment is canceled. Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 178 Cancel zero adjustment for all channels. Cancel zero adjustment for the selected channel. The confirmation message is displayed. Confirm the message and select [OK]. The message is displayed and zero adjustment is canceled. Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 179: Performing The Multiplexer Unit Test

    Example test results If the display shows [Blown FUSE.], the measurement circuit’s protective fuse has been tripped. Replace the fuse. See: “13.3 Replacing the Measurement Circuit’s Protective Fuse” (p.315) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 180 • Do not short the pins Number 43 and 44 with the others. Since they are the guard terminals, the test will not be performed properly if they are shorted with the others. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 181: Example Connections And Settings

    (3) TERM B1 (SENSE) (4) TERM A1 (SOURCE) (5) TERM A1 (SENSE) (6) TERM B2 (SOURCE) (7) TERM B2 (SENSE) (8) TERM A2 (SOURCE) (9) TERM A2 (SENSE) MUX settings INST. UNIT TERM A TERM B UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 182 (11) TERM B3 (SENSE) (15) TERM B4 (SENSE) (2) TERM B1 (SOURCE) (6) TERM B2 (SOURCE) (10) TERM B3 (SOURCE) (14) TERM B4 (SOURCE) MUX settings INST. UNIT TERM A TERM B UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 183 Using channel 1 (thermistor) measurement results as the comparator reference value MUX settings INST. UNIT TERM A TERM B UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 MEAS setting MEAS tab COMP MEAS[01] MEAS[02] REF% CH01 MEAS[03] REF% CH01 MEAS[04] REF% CH01 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 184 (7) TERM B2 (SENSE) MUX settings INST. UNIT TERM A TERM B UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 (A step scan is used, with switches being toggled on and off between channels.) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 185 RM3545 (A step scan is used, with switches being switched between channels 2 and 3 and between channels 6 and 7. Open resistance measurement is performed for channels 2, 3, 6, and 7 using the 1000 MΩ range.) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 186 (26) TERM B7 (SOURCE) (27) TERM B7 (SENSE) (28) TERM A7 (SOURCE) (29) TERM A7 (SENSE) MUX settings INST. UNIT TERM A TERM B UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 UNIT1 RM3545 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 187 SOURCE Hi EX SENSE B SENSE Hi EX SENSE A SENSE Lo EX SOURCE A SOURCE Lo EX GUARD GUARD You can switch channels via the front panel, communications, or EXT. I/O when using an external device, too. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 188: D/A Output

    : Single wire AWG28 ( 0.32 mm) to AWG22 ( 0.65 mm) wires Stranded wire AWG28 (0.08 mm ) to AWG22 (0.32 mm ø Strand diameter 0.12 mm or more Standard bare : 9 mm to 10 mm wire length HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 189: D/A Output Specifications

    2.0 ms (tolerance: ±10% ±0.2 ms) Shortest conditions Trigger source INT, LP: Off, 1000 kΩ or lower range, Measurement speed: FAST, Delay: 0 ms, Self-calibration: MANUAL 1 kΩ 1kΩ Output terminal (+) 出力端子（赤） GND terminal (GND) GND端子（黒） GND (earth) GND　（接地） HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 190 • To maximize the D/A output response time, set the measurement speed to FAST and self-calibration to manual. See: “3.3 Setting the Measurement Speed” (p.50), “4.13 Maintaining Measurement Precision (Self- Calibration)” (p.94) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 191 8.2 D/A Output Specifications HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 192: External Control (Ext. I/O)

     Do not short ISO_5V and ISO_COM. Doing so could damage the instrument.  When connecting a relay coil to the output connector of the EXT. I/O terminal, con- nect diodes for absorbing the back EMF. Doing so could damage the instrument. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 193 Signal input/output Check the controller’s I/O specifications. Set the instrument’s NPN/PNP switch. (p.187) Connect the instrument’s EXT. I/O connector to the controller. (p.188) Make instrument settings. (p.217) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 194: External Input/Output Connector And Signals

    Failure to do so could damage the device connected to the EXT. I/O connector. NPN/PNP switch setting Input circuit Supports sink output. Supports source output. Output circuit Non-polar Non-polar ISO_5V output +5 V output −5V output Current sink Current source HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 195: Connector Type And Signal Pinouts

    The functionality described in “Performing an I/O test (EXT. I/O test function)” (p.227) provides a convenient way to check EXT. I/O operation. Connector (instrument side) • 37-pin D-sub female with #4-40 screws Compatible connectors: • DC-37P-ULR (solder type) • DCSP-JB37PR (pressure weld type) Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Ltd. EXT. I/O connector (instrument side) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 196 BIN judgment BCD6-1, Level BCD6-2, Level BCD2-1 BCD2-2 BIN8, BIN9, BIN judgment BIN judgment BCD6-3, Level BCD7-0, Level BCD2-3 BCD3-0 OUT0, General-purpose OUT1, General-pur- BCD7-1, output Level BCD7-2, pose output Level BCD3-1 BCD3-2 OUT2, General-purpose BCD7-3, output Level BCD3-3 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 197: Signal Descriptions

    If asserted during measurement, executes after the end of measurement. KEY_LOCK While the KEY_LOCK signal is held on, all front panel keys (except STANDBY key p.130 ENTER [trigger] key) are disabled. Key unlock and remote control cancellation operations are also disabled. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 198 LOAD signal again. IN0, IN1 The input state can be monitored by using the command, using :IO:INPut? these pins as general-purpose input pins. See: Communications Command Instruction Manual* *1. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 199 When BCD_LOW is turned ON when using BCD output, range information can be p.195 RNG_OUT3 acquired from pins 12, 13, 29, and 31. *1. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ IMPORTANT • When not displaying the Measurement screen and while error messages (except Setting Monitor errors) are being displayed, input signals are disabled.
  • Page 200 RNG_OUT1 BCD4-2 RNG_OUT2 BCD4-3 RNG_OUT3 BCD5-0 BCD1-0 BCD5-1 BCD1-1 BCD5-2 BCD1-2 BCD5-3 BCD1-3 BCD6-0 BCD2-0 BCD6-1 BCD2-1 BCD6-2 BCD2-2 BCD6-3 BCD2-3 BCD7-0 BCD3-0 BCD7-1 BCD3-1 BCD7-2 BCD3-2 BCD7-3 BCD3-3 Relation between BCD signals and display BCD signal Display HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 201 Channel 29 Panel 30 Channel 30 Channel 31 Channel 32 Channel 33 Channel 34 Channel 35 Channel 36 Channel 37 Channel 38 Channel 39 Channel 40 Channel 41 Channel 42 Panel 31 Panel 32 Panel 33 Panel 34 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 202 LP 1000 mΩ 10 Ω LP 10 Ω 100 Ω LP 100 Ω 1000 Ω LP 1000 Ω 10 kΩ 100 kΩ 1000 kΩ 10 MΩ 100 MΩ 1000 MΩ BCDm-0 to BCDm-3 BCDm-3 BCDm-2 BCDm-1 BCDm-0 Measured value HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 203: Timing Chart

    (1) External trigger [EXT] setting (EOM output timing setting: HOLD) When OVC is OFF TRIG Measurement Applied Stopped Applied current Delay Contact check Check in progress Measurement processing Measurement in progress INDEX Judgment result/ ON/OFF Judgment result /BCD: HI, IN, LO, ERR, BCDm-n, RNG_OUT0 to 3 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 204 • The judgment result and BCD output are finalized before the EOM signal changes to on. However, if the controller’s input circuit response is slow, it may be necessary to insert wait processing after the EOM signal’s changing to on is detected until the judgment results are acquired. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 205 However, EOM will be held at on while ERR is on. The judgment result and ERR signals do not turn off at the start of measurement. IMPORTANT Setting self-calibration to MANUAL results in the fastest measurement. The t6 interval will be 0 ms, and the EOM signal will remain off. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 206 Measurement times may vary depending on the self-calibration timing. See: “Self-calibration timing” (p.202) *1. When not using the command INITiate:CONTinuous OFF READ? For more information about commands, see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 207 High 1000 mΩ High 10 Ω LP: On Range Time High − 100 Ω LP1000 mΩ LP10 Ω 1000 Ω LP100 Ω 10 kΩ LP1000 Ω 100 kΩ 1000 kΩ − 10 MΩ 1300 100 MΩ 1000 MΩ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 208: Bcd Signal Timing

    • When not using the multiplexer, the zero adjustment time is approximately 600 ms when using a manually set range and approximately 4 s when using auto-ranging. When performing scanning zero adjustment while using the multiplexer, the zero adjustment time will elapse for each channel. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 209: Self-Calibration Timing

    In the event the TRIG signal is received during a 5 ms self-calibration, the self-calibration is can- celed, and measurement will start after 0.5 ms. If you are concerned about variation in measurement times, please use the manual setting. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 210 • During auto-scan operation, self-calibration starts only after scanning completes. Self-calibration will not be performed after each channel is measured. • A 400 ms self-calibration is performed immediately after switching from MANUAL to AUTO. Do not input the TRIG signal during that interval. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 211 If the CAL signal is received during measurement, the CAL signal will be accepted, and self-calibration will start after measurement completes. Method of normal use TRIG 400 ms Measurement Measurement Self-calibration Measurement processing If the TRIG signal is received during self-calibration TRIG Measurement Measurement Measurement Self-calibration processing HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 212: Contact Improvement Timing

    The maximum contact improvement current is 10 mA, and the maximum applied voltage is 5 V. When low-power mode is set to on, the contact improvement function is set to off. Using the contact improvement function causes the time until measurement completion to be lengthened by 0.2 ms. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 213: Panel Load Timing

    (2) When not using the TRIG signal LOAD0 to LOAD5 Panel 1 Panel 2 Approx. 10 ms Processing time State Panel 1 Load processing Panel 2 Processing time Panel 1 to 30 Approx. 100 ms Panel 31 to 38 Approx. 200 ms HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 214 When you attempt to switch to the multiplexer while measurement leads are connected to the measure- ment terminals on the front of the instrument, the ERR signal will turn on, and you will not be able to make the switch. Disconnect the measurement leads and switch the LOAD signal again. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 215 SCN_STOP operation TRIG 10 ms or more SCN_STOP Approx. 15 ms Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 1 Reset Switching Switching Switching Switching State measure- measure- measure- measure- processing processing processing processing processing ment ment ment ment HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 216 • For channels for which an externally connected device is selected, EOM will turn on after switching processing completes. SCN_STOP operation TRIG SCN_STOP Approx. Approx. 10 ms 15 ms Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 1 Switching Switching Reset Switching State measure- measure- measure- processing processing processing processing ment ment ment Judgment result/ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 217: Output Signal State At Power-On

    When using pulse EOM output, the signals will remain off. Power-On State Initial screen Measurement screen INDEX HI, IN, LO, TRIG The chart depicts operation when the trigger source is set to EXT while using hold EOM output. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 218: Acquisition Process When Using An External Trigger

    Measurement start Measurement start TRIG Measurement Wait for EOM results OFF (when detecting the Measurement level, after a 0.5 ms wait) Measurement complete Reception of measurement complete Wait HI, IN, LO, ERR T_PASS, T_FAIL, Acquisition of T_ERR judgment results HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 219 BCD4-0 to BCD7-3 Acquisition of BCD upper digits Specification of BCD lower digits BCD_LOW = OFF BCD lower digit setup start Wait Setup time: 0.4 ms max. BCD lower digit setup complete BCD1-0 to BCD3-3 Acquisition of BCD lower digits HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 220: Internal Circuitry

    • Use ISO_COM as the common pin for input and output signals. • If a high current will flow to common wiring, branch the output signal common wiring and input signal common wiring from a point lying close to the ISO_COM pin. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 221 Programmable logic controller, etc. Input Zener Voltage 30 V HI, HILO ISO_COM Com- ISO_COM Internally Isolated Common Signal Ground 30 V max. (Isolate from the instrument protective ground.) IMPORTANT Use ISO_COM as the common pin for input and output signals. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 222: Electrical Specifications

    Input circuit connection examples Instrument Instrument Input Input ISO_COM ISO_COM Connection to switch Connection to relay Instrument Instrument Input Output Input Output Common ISO_COM ISO_COM Common Connection to PLC (positive common output) Connection to PLC (negative common output) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 223 50 mA max. Negative-logic output Output ISO_COM Negative-logic output ISO_COM Wired or Instrument Instrument Output Input Input Output 50 mA max. 50 mA max. Common ISO_COM ISO_COM Common Connection to PLC (positive common output) Connection to PLC (negative common output) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 224: External I/O Settings

    • To measure samples such as inductors that require time to settle, adjust delay time. Start with a long delay, and gradually shorten it while watching for the measured value to settle. See: “4.10 Setting Pre-Measurement Delay (Delay Function)” (p.86) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 225 RS-232C or USB. When continuous measurement is disabled, trigger acceptance is controlled only by the controller (computer or PLC). For more information about trigger commands, see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 226: Setting The Trig Signal Logic

    Move the cursor to the [I/O] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Select the trigger conditions. Selection [ON → OFF] Start measurement at the OFF edge. [OFF → ON] ON edge (default) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 227 On edge and off edge operation • On edge TRIG Measurement Measurement processing • Off edge TRIG Measurement Measurement processing Measurement times will be 0.2 ms longer when using the OFF edge than when using the ON edge. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 228: Eliminating Trig/Print Signal Chatter (Filter Function)

    Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the EXT. I/O Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [I/O] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Select the filter function. Selection OFF (default) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 229 Filter function (TRIG signal example) • Using the On edge (Chatter) TRIG Response time Measurement Measurement processing • Using the Off edge (Chatter) TRIG Response time Measurement Measurement processing Hold the input signal until the response time elapses. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 230: Setting Eom Signal

    Move the cursor to the [I/O] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Select the EOM signal output type. Selection The EOM signal remains asserted after end-of-measure- ment (default) The specified pulse is output after end-of-measurement. Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 231 Move the cursor to the digit you wish to set with the left and right cursor keys. Change the value with the up and down cursor keys. Accept Cancel) Setting range: 1 ms to 100 ms (default: 5 ms) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 232: Switching Output Modes (Judge Mode/ Bcd Mode)

    The Settings screen appears. Open the EXT. I/O Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [I/O] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Select the output mode. Selection Judgment mode (default) BCD mode Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 233: Over-Range Error Output

    Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the EXT. I/O Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [I/O] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Turn [OVRRNG ERR OUT] Selection OFF (default) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 234: Checking External Control

    Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the EXT. I/O Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [I/O] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Open the EXT. I/O Test screen. Selection Open the Test screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 235 Allows you to perform signal operations. (ON: Reverse video; OFF: Normal display) : Select signal. : Turn signal ON : Turn signal OFF. Input signals Displays the signal state. (ON: Reverse video; OFF: Normal display) Return to the EXT. I/O Setting screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 236: Supplied Connector Assembly

    5. In one half of cover (A), place connector (H), clamps (F), saddle washers (G) and screws (D). 6. Place the other half of cover (A) on top. 7. Affix the halves of the cover (A) together with screws (B) and nuts (E). Be careful not to overtighten the screws, which could damage the covers. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 237 9.6 Supplied Connector Assembly HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 238: Communications (Usb/Rs-232C/Lan Inter- Face)

    If potential difference exists between the grounds of the instrument and the controller, con- necting the data cable could damage the instrument or the PC or result in malfunctions.  Once you’ve connected the cables, tighten the screws on the connectors. Failure to do so could result in incorrect data transfer. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 239: Overview And Features

    Controlling the Instrument with Commands (Data Output Func- tion)” (p.248) *1. The sample application software is available for download from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/software/ Communications times • There may be a display processing lag depending on the frequency and nature of any communications pro- cessing performed.

  • Page 240: Usb Interface

    Select the interface type. Selection USB Interface Select the USB connection mode. Move the cursor to the set- ting you wish to configure. USB keyboard mode (p.248) COM mode (default) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 241: Connecting The Usb Cable

    • Even if an instrument with a different serial number is connected, there may be a notification that a new device has been detected. Connecting the USB cable Connect the USB cable to the instrument’s USB terminal. USB Interface of the PC Type B USB cable HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 242: Rs-232C Interface

    Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the Communications Interface Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [IF] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Select the interface type. Selection RS-232C Interface HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 243 Be sure to make set up the controller as shown below. • Asynchronous communication • Transmission speed: 9600 bps,19200 bps, 38400 bps, 115200 bps (set to match the instrument setting) • Stop bit: 1 • Data length: 8 • Parity checking: None • Flow control: None HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 244: Connecting The Rs-232C Cable

    Not used Connecting the PC to the Instrument Use a crossover cable with female 9-pin D-sub connectors. Crossover Wiring Female 9-pin Female 9-pin D-sub D-sub RM3545-end PC/AT-end Pin No. Pin No. Recommended cable: Hioki L9637 RS-232C Cable (3.0 m) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 245: Lan Interface

    Connecting the instrument and PC via a network Set different IP addresses for different devices. Connecting the instrument to a single PC The instrument can be controlled with communications commands by creating a program with a TCP connec- tion to the communications command port. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 246: Configuration Of Communications

    If no administrator is present or you are entrusted with the settings, the following settings are recommended. Example settings IP address Assign consecutive numbers as follows. 192.168.0.1 Instrument first unit: 192.168.0.2 Instrument second unit: 192.168.0.3 Instrument third unit: 192.168.0.4 ↓ Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 Gateway: Communications command port number: HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 247 Connecting the instrument and PC on a one-to-one basis, without using a gateway Set the IP address of the default gateway to 0.0.0.0. Communications Set the TCP/IP port number to be used for the connection. command port number HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 248: Configuring Communications

    Move the cursor to the digit you wish to set with the left and right cursor keys. Change the value with the up and down cursor keys. Accept Setting range: 000.000.000.000 to 255.255.255.255 Cancel) (default: 192.168.001.001) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 249 Move the cursor to the digit you wish to set with the left and right cursor keys. Change the value with the up and down cursor keys. Setting range: 11 to 65535 (except 80) Accept (default: 23) Cancel) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 250: Connecting The Lan Cable

    Blinking: On: 100BASE-TX Communicating Rear If the green LED does not light up even when the instrument is connected to the LAN, the instrument or con- nected devices may be malfunctioning or the LAN cable may be broken. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 251: Controlling The Instrument With Commands And Acquiring Data

    For more information about communications commands and query notation (from the communications mes- sage reference), see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ When creating programs, the command monitor function (p.245) can be used to display commands and their associated responses on the Measurement screen.

  • Page 252: Displaying Communications Commands (Command Monitor Function)

    Move the cursor to the [IF] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Enable or disable the command monitor function. Selection OFF (default) Return to the Measurement screen. Command and queries will be displayed on the bottom of the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 253 Framing error ............#Framing Error If any of these messages is displayed, check the communications conditions or try using a lower com- munications speed. • The error position may shift, for example when sending a series of consecutive commands. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 254: Acquiring Measured Values At Once (Data Memory Function)

    • When the multiplexer measurement terminals are selected, the data memory function is automatically turned off. For more information about commands, see the Communications Command Instruction Manual. The Instruction Manual can be downloaded from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/ Stored data is automatically erased at the following times: •...

  • Page 255: Outputting Measured Values To External Devices Without Controlling The Instru- Ment With Commands (Data Output Function)

    The data can be output only if the internal triggering is enabled. TRIG settings When ENTER key depressed − Most recent measured value output Or TRIG signal input received When measured value held with − Held measured value output auto hold function enabled HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 256 Step in “10.4 External I/O Settings” (p.218) Step of “Configuring communications” in “USB Interface” (p.233) IMPORTANT This function cannot be used when the scan function is set to auto or step while using the MUX measure- ment terminals. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 257 Preparing connected equipment (PC or PLC) When outputting data with the COM port Place the equipment in the receive standby state. If connecting the instrument to a PC, launch the application software and place it in the receive standby state. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 258: Printing

    • Data bits ......8 bit • Parity checking ....None • Stop bit ......1 bit • Flow control ..... None • Control codes ....Must be able to print plain text directly. • Message terminator (delimiter) ........CR+LF HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 259 The Settings screen appears. Open the Communications Interface Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [IF] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Select PRINT as the interface type. Selection To use the printer Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 260: Printing

    • To print after the completion of trigger-based measurement using an external trigger, connect the EXT. I/O EOM signal to the PRINT signal. • When using the internal trigger setting with the statistical calculation function ON, statistical calculation will be performed with the latest updated measured value when the PRINT signal is turned ON. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 261: Printing List Of Measurement Conditions And Settings

    The Settings screen appears. Open the Communications Interface Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [IF] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Select the number of print columns. Selection 1 column (default) 3 columns Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 262 Open the Settings screen. Switch the function menu to P.2/3. The Settings screen appears. Open the Communications Interface Setting screen. Move the cursor to the [IF] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Enable the interval function. Selection OFF (default) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 263 • Since measurement conditions and measured values will be mixed together when measurement con- ditions are printed during interval printing, avoid printing settings while interval printing is in progress. • Interval printing cannot be used when the multiplexer’s scan function is set to auto or step. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 264: Printing Statistical Calculation Results

    “4.17 Performing Statistical Calculations on Measured Values” (p.112) (When statistical calculation is enabled) If no valid data exists, only the data count is printed. When only one valid data sample exists, standard devia- tion of sample and process capability indices cannot be printed. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 265 [IF] tab with the left and right cursor keys. Enable the statistical calculation clear function. Selection Turn ON the statistical calcula- tion clear function. Turn OFF the statistical calcula- tion clear function. (default) Return to the Measurement screen. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 266 ♦ Interval printing 00:00:00 10.0004mOhm 00:00:01 10.0011mOhm 00:00:02 10.0001mOhm 00:00:03 10.0005mOhm 00:00:04 10.0000mOhm 00:00:05 10.0005mOhm RM3545A-2 ♦ Multiplexer scan results 2023-10-01 14:00:11 Total judge FAIL 99.9758MOhm Hi FAIL 9.9758MOhm IN PASS 100.9758MOhm Lo PASS Do not print results during scanning. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 267 1200.200mOhm (No = 9) 1200.130mOhm (No = 1) 0.00020mOhm Sn-1 0.00028mOhm 0.19 0.03 COMP Hi COMP IN COMP Lo The “Valid” statistical calculation result indicates the number (count) of data samples not subject to errors such as measurement faults. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 268 70.000mOhm - 60.000mOhm BIN7 80.000mOhm - 70.000mOhm BIN8 90.000mOhm - 80.000mOhm BIN9 100.000mOhm - 90.000mOhm Out of BIN The “Valid” statistical calculation result indicates the number (count) of data samples not subject to errors such as measurement faults. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 269 11.2 Printing HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 270: Specifications

    Approx. 10 years (reference value at 23°C) Interfaces LAN, USB, RS-232C Dimensions Approx. 215W × 80H × 306.5D mm (8.46W × 3.15H × 12.07D in.)(except protruding parts) Weight Approx. 2.7 kg (6.0 lbs) (RM3545A-1) Approx. 3.4 kg (7.5 lbs) (RM3545A-2) Product warranty 3 years duration Fuse F1.6AH 250 V (installed inside the main body, replaceable)

  • Page 271: Input Specifications/Output Specifica- Tions/Measurement Specifications

    Depends on the measurement ranges See: “Measurement accuracy” (p.271) Measurement terminals Banana terminals SOURCE A terminal Current detection terminal SOURCE B terminal Current source terminal SENSE A terminal Voltage detection terminal SENSE B terminal Voltage detection terminal GUARD terminal Guard terminal HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 272 33.3 *2. When using the MUX measurement terminals, the integration time is 1.0 ms in the 1000 µΩ range and 10 mΩ range. : Internal wait time 1 (unit: ms) (Processing time before and after integration measurement) Time HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 273 (non-free-run) *1. Calculate with N = 1, irrespective of the set number of average iterations. *2. When using the SLOW2 measurement speed with LP on, calculate with N = 2 even if the averaging is set to off. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 274 Range SLOW1 SLOW2 50 Hz 60 Hz 50 Hz 60 Hz LP1000 mΩ LP10 Ω LP100 Ω LP1000 Ω Shortest conditions Delay: 0 ms, OVC: Off, Self-calibration: MANUAL, Contact improvement: Off, Scaling: Off Measured value display switching: none HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 275 1000 µΩ High 10 mΩ High High 100 mΩ High 1000 mΩ High 10 Ω High 100 Ω 1000 Ω 10 kΩ 100 kΩ 1000 kΩ 10 MΩ 1321 1317 1321 1317 1401 1501 100 MΩ 1000 MΩ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 276 Shortest conditions Trigger source INT, LP: Off, 1000 kΩ or lower range, measurement time + Measurement speed: FAST, Delay: 0 ms, Self-calibration: MAN- max. 1 ms) Temperature measurement 2 s ±0.2 s (thermistor sensor) Temperature measurement 50 ms ±5 ms, no moving average (analog input) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 277: Accuracy Specifications

    100 MΩ range or greater: 20% of full scale Effect of conducted 5% of full scale at 10 V radio-frequency electro- magnetic field Effects of external magnet- 3% of full scale at 30 A/m ic field HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 278 10.00 MΩ or less: 0.50 + 0.02 120.00 MΩ 10.01 MΩ or more: 1.00 + 0.02 1 µA or less 1000 100.0 MΩ or less: 1.00 + 0.02 1200.0 MΩ MΩ 100.1 MΩ or more: 10.00 + 0.02 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 279 During temperature correction, the following value is added to the resistance measurement accuracy reading error: α − Δt × 100 (%) α × (t + Δt − t : Reference temperature (°C) Current ambient temperature (°C) Δt : Temperature measurement accuracy α : Temperature coefficient (1/°C) at HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 280 0°C to 18°C and 28°C to 40°C. Accuracy guarantee range : 0 V to 2 V Maximum allowable voltage : 2.5 V Detected resolution : 1 mV or less Display range : −99.9°C to 999.9°C → → Calculation order Zero adjustment Temperature correction Scaling HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 281: About Instrument Accuracy

    Measurement conditions: Temperature coefficient of 3930 ppm/°C, standard temperature of 20°C, mea- surement temperature of 35°C α Δt − Additional error: × 100 (%) α × (t + Δt - t −0.393% × (±0.6) = +0.222% of reading, −0.223% of reading 1+0.393% × (35 ±0.6 − 20) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 282: Function Specifications

    No tolerance to voltage application in LP mode Operation Low-power measurement is performed by limiting the measurement current and open voltage. (1000 mΩ to 1000 Ω range) Setting ON/OFF (with OVC ON when LP is ON and the contact improvement function fixed to OFF) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 283 Within ±50% of full scale for each range (warning message displayed when in excess of ±1% of full scale for each range) Zero adjustment cannot be used at 100 MΩ or above (it is forcibly turned off). Default setting Zero adjustment: OFF, Scan zero adjustment: ON HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 284 ON/OFF (When using the SLOW2 measurement speed with low-power resistance measurement on, the instrument will performing averaging with two iterations internally even if the averaging function is set to off.) Number of averaging itera- 2 to 100 times tions Default setting HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 285 10 mΩ High High 100 mΩ High 1000 mΩ High 10 Ω High − 100 Ω 1000 Ω 10 kΩ 100 kΩ 1000 kΩ − 10 MΩ − 100 MΩ 1000 MΩ LP: On Delay PR: On Delay HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 286 Reverses measurement current polarity to eliminate offset voltage effects Applicable range LP Off : 0 µΩ range to 1000 Ω range LP On : All ranges Setting ON/OFF (When low-power is on, OVC is fixed to on.) Default setting HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 287 0.2 ms. Setting OFF/ON (When LP is on, the contact improvement function is fixed to off.) Default setting Applied voltage Max. 5 V Contact improvement cur- Max. 10 mA (flowing to the measurement target) rent HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 288 ERR signal output Contact check Fault Contact error display (Error) ERR signal output Default setting Current fault (ERR signal output) Reference values for route resistance (wiring resis- tance + contact resistance) See: p.59 that will result in a current fault HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 289 Reference value: 0000.01 µΩ, Upper/Lower limit ranges: 0.000% *1. When set using the instrument’s keys, the input range will reflect the range and scaling coefficient with a maximum res- olution of 1 nΩ and a maximum value of 9 GΩ. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 290 INT trigger source and continuous measurement on [free-run]). The hold is canceled when the measurement leads are removed from the target and the next measurement performed, or when the key is pressed. Setting ON/OFF Default setting HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 291 When the BIN function is ON Count for each BIN number, OUT (Hi or Lo) count for all BIN numbers, invalid BIN count Clearing calculations Clear all data, clear 1 data point (to revert to data immediately before measurement) Default setting HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 292 2-terminal resistance measurement state, and the number of contacts is displayed. Judgment criterion Short test: FAIL when the resistance measurement is 1 Ω or more in the shorted state Open test: FAIL when no measurement fault is detected in the open state HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 293: Interface Specifications

    STOP All-key lock : Disables all except the key used to cancel key lock [UNLOCK]. All front panel keys are disabled when the KEY_LOCK signal is received. Default setting  Key operation sound setting Setting ON/OFF Default setting HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 294: Communications Interface Specifications

    9600 bps (default setting), 19200 bps, 38400 bps, 115200 bps Data length 8 bits Stop bit Parity bit None Handshaking No X-flow, no hardware flow Protocol Non-procedure Message terminator Receiving: CR+LF, CR, LF Transmitting: CR+LF (delimiter) Connector Male 9-pin D-sub, with #4-40 Screw lock HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 295 0 s to 3600 s Statistical calculations ON/OFF clear Number of columns printed 1 column, 3 columns per row Default setting Interval: OFF, Interval time: 1 s, Statistical calculations clear: OFF, Number of columns printed per row: 1 column HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 296 BIN9, OB, OUT0 to OUT2, OVER_INPUT BCD mode EOM, ERR, IN, HILO When BCD_LOW is ON: BCD1 to BCD3 × 4 digits, RNG_OUT0 to RNG_OUT3 When BCD_LOW is OFF: BCD4 to BCD7 × 4 digits Default setting JUDGE mode HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 297 For source output: −5.0 V ±10%, 100 mA max. Isolation Floating from protective ground potential and measurement circuit Insulation rating LIne to ground voltage 50 V DC, or 30 V AC rms and 42.4 V AC peak or less HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 298 Contact cycle count Contacts to be recorded recording function Maximum recordable number 999,999,999 times Number of channels that can be set Switching time 30 ms (reference value, not including measurement time and range switching time) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 299 Number of bits 12 bit (9) L2105 LED Comparator Attachment output Output Comparator judgment output (two outputs: Hi and Lo/IN) ø Output terminal 3-pole earphone terminal ( 2.5 mm) Output voltage 5 V ±0.2 V DC, 20 mA HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 300: Z3003 Multiplexer Unit

    TERM A1 terminal to TERM A21 terminal, TERM B1 terminal to TERM B21 terminal (2-wire) EX A, EX B: External device connection terminal Shielding terminal GUARD terminal: Guard terminal EARTH terminal: Function ground terminal EX GUARD: External device guard terminal Connector D-SUB 50 pin receptacle HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 301 TERM A15 EX B (EX Hi) TERM A7 TERM B15 EX B (EX Hi) TERM B7 TERM B16 EX A (EX Lo) TERM B8 TERM A16 EX A (EX Lo) TERM A8 TERM A17 EX GUARD TERM A9 EARTH HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 302 Mechanical relay Maximum allowable volt- ±60 V DC, or 30 V AC rms and 42.4 V AC peak Maximum allowable power 30 W (DC) (Resistance load) Contact service life 4-wire: 50 million cycles. 2-wire: 5 million cycles (reference value) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 303: Measurement Specifications

    MEAS : Measurement current MEAS Effect of offset resistance When using a 2-wire setup, add the following resistance to the error component. fluctuations 0.1 (Ω) (3) Internal offset resistance Internal measurement cir- 0.5 Ω (default) cuit resistance value HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 304: About Instrument Accuracy

    Additional error: D = +0.1 Ω (2) Calculating the total error component 4-wire: E = ±{(0.008 + A) % × 30 kΩ + (0.005 + B) % × 100 kΩ + C} = ±10.3 2-wire: E + D = +10.4 Ω, −10.3 Ω HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 305: Function

    Approx. 92W × 24.5H × 182D mm (3.62W × 0.96H × 7.17D in.) (excluding protrusions) Weight Approx. 180 g (6.3 oz.) Product warranty duration 3 years Relay: Not covered by the warranty Included accessories Instruction Manual D-SUB 50-pin connector 1 (pin header, solder cup) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 306: Maintenance And Service

    The regular replacement of those parts is recommended to use the instrument properly for a long time. To order replacements, please contact your Hioki distributor. The useful lives of the parts depend on the operating environment and frequency of use. These parts are not guaranteed to operate throughout the period defined by the recommended replacement interval.
  • Page 307  If the instrument becomes dirty, wipe the instrument clean with a soft cloth moist- ened with water or a neutral detergent. Never use solvents such as benzene, alcohol, acetone, ether, ketone, thinners or gasoline. Doing so could deform and discolor the instrument. Wipe the LCD gently with a soft, dry cloth. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 308: Troubleshooting

    If damage is suspected, read the “Before Returning for Repair” section to remedy the problem. If this does not help you, contacting your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. Filling out “Inquiry Sheet” at the end of this manual provides a convenient way to submit your questions.
  • Page 309 →Turn ON temperature correction (TC). The measurement is affected by ther- p.83 mal EMF. →Turn ON the OVC function. Using multiplexer unit to perform scan Delay is inadequate. p.86 measurement → Set the delay longer. p.334 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 310 Increase the delay setting since the measurement circuit may be being influenced by back EMF from a transformer or other device. Do not apply any current or voltage to the measurement terminals. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 311 →Connect the temperature sensor by inserting the plug all the way. The settings have been improperly configured. →Check the settings. A temperature sensor other than that specified is used. →9451 Temperature Probe is not supported. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 312 The channel numbers have not been set. The scan settings have been improp- p.154 not be switched The channels have been disabled. erly configured. with the LOAD sig- The scan function has been turned off. →Configure the scan settings cor- nal. rectly. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 313 →(RS-232C) Use the same communications speed for the instrument and the control device. →(LAN) Check that the IP address does not overlap with that of other network instruments. The initial IP address for the instrument is “192.168.1.1”. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 314 Do not connect measurement leads to the mea- p.154 the multiplexer to the measurement terminals on surement terminals on the front of the instrument channel. Unable the front of the instrument. when using the multiplexer. to load multi- plexer. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 315 − Measurement leads are connected to the measurement termi- p.148 nals on the front of the instrument. →Do not connect measurement leads to the measurement ter- minals on the front of the instrument when using the multi- plexer. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 316 The relay hot switching prevention function is being triggered p.148 slow. because back EMF is remaining when measuring a trans- former. →Use a high-resistance range or lower the measurement cur- rent, for example by using the low current switching setting. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 317 • When using the multiplexer in 2-wire mode, the contact check function is disabled. In addition, the ranges of 1000 mΩ and less will not be available for use. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 318 PLC. Measured values can be acquired using the sample application Can free-running measured values be software. The sample application software is available for down- acquired using a footswitch? load from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/software/ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 319: Error Displays

    13.2 Troubleshooting Error displays When an error is displayed on the LCD screen, repair is necessary. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. Display Description Remedy +OvrRng/-OvrRng Over-range (p.56) Select the appropriate range. Measurement terminal A-side Check for cable breakage and worn CONTACT TERM.A (CONTACT A, CA)
  • Page 320 The fuse has been tripped. the error still occurs, request repair lead is broken. of the instrument. Furthermore, be sure to use a Hioki-specified fuse for replace- ment. Specified fuse: F1.6AH/250 V (non- arcing) 20 mm × 5 mm dia. Clock is not set.
  • Page 321 Enter password for Adjust- INFO:040 →The Adjustment screen is used in repairs and adjustment carried ment Mode. out by Hioki. It is not available for use by end-users. The adjustment mode password is incorrect. Please enter the correct INFO:041 Password is wrong.

  • Page 322: Replacing The Measurement Circuit's Protective Fuse

    13.3 Replacing the Measurement Circuit’s Protective Fuse 13.3 Replacing the Measurement Circuit’s Protective Fuse RM3545A-1 RM3545A-2 Use only fuses of the designated type, characteristics, rated current, and  voltage. Specified fuse: F1.6AH/250V (non-arcing) 20 mm × 5 mm dia. Do not use any other fuse (particularly not a fuse with a higher rated current).

  • Page 323: Disposing Of The Instrument

    Failure to do so could allow children to accidentally ingest battery. Required tools: • One Phillips screwdriver (No.1) • One wire cutter (to remove the lithium battery) RM3545A-1 Confirm that the instrument’s main power switch is off. Disconnect the cables and power cord.
  • Page 324 Lithium battery  Do not short + and −. Doing so may cause sparks. Battery holder CALIFORNIA, USA ONLY Perchlorate Material - special handling may apply. https://dtsc.ca.gov/perchlorate/ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 325 13.4 Disposing of the Instrument HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 326: Appendix

    • The high-speed CPU provides ultra-high-speed measurements and fast system response. (F) • Immunity from electrical noise is provided by isolation between the Measurement and Control blocks. (G) • The auto-ranging 100-to-240 V switching power supply can provide stable measurements even in poor power quality environments. (H) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 327: Four-Terminal (Voltage-Drop) Method

    E across the measure- ment terminals and voltage E across measurement target resistance R are essentially equal, allowing measurement target resistance to be measured without being affected by r to r HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 328: Dc And Ac Measurement

    Electrochemical measurement Measurement to 10 to 10 range Resistance meters: RM3542 to RM3548 Battery HiTesters: DMM: DM7275, DM7276 3561, BT3562, BT3563 Hioki instruments Insulation resistance meters: LCR Meters: IR4000 series, SM series IM3570, IM3533, IM3523, and so on HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 329: Temperature Correction (Tc) Function

    • Allow the instrument to warm up before making measurements. • Place the temperature sensor near the measurement target and allow both the sensor and the target to adequately adjust to the ambient temperature prior to use (for more than 10 minutes). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 330 α at 20°C is calculated as follows: α ≈ 3650 ppm/°C + (20 − 20) 0.00393 × 0.93 References: Handbook for Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, Volume 1, published by the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 331: Temperature Conversion (Δt) Function

    For example, the temperature coefficient of copper at 20°C is 3930 ppm/°C, so the constant k in this case is as follows, which shows almost the same value as the constant for copper 235 defined by the IEC standard. − 20 = 234.5 3930 × 10 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 332: About Zero Adjustment

    If you wire in the way described above, measurement current I flowing out from SOURCE B will go to SOURCE A but not to the lead of SENSE A or SENSE B. This enables the voltage between SENSE A and SENSE B to be kept accurately at 0 V, and appropriate zero adjustment becomes possible. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 333 SENSE and SOURCE for connection Resistance between Short SENSE A and SENSE B Measurement current I’s → → → Short flow path Voltage occurring between SENSE A and × Short SENSE B As connection method for Correct Incorrect zero adjustment HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 334 Table 1 (b) is the wrong connection method, so that 0 V is not obtained between SENSE A and SENSE Clip type lead connection methods used during zero adjustment Correct Incorrect Connection method Black Black Tip of lead Equivalent circuit Deformed equivalent circuit As connection method for zero Correct Incorrect adjustment HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 335 If connection is made using Z5038 0 ADJ If connection is made using metal board or Board similar object SENSE-A SENSE-B SENSE-A SENSE-B SOURCE-A SOURCE-B SOURCE-B SOURCE-A Tip of lead Equivalent circuit Deformed equivalent circuit As connection method for zero Correct Incorrect adjustment HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 336 Then, you need to make the connection as shown in Table 1 (a) and perform zero adjust- ment. However, if a Hioki product is used, even in AC resistance measurement, if the required resolution exceeds 100 µΩ, the same zero adjustment method used in DC resistance meter may be sufficient.

  • Page 337: Unstable Measured Values

    (this is rare). Noise can be classified into the following two categories: • Inductive noise from high-voltage or high-current circuits • Conductive noise from power lines or other sources Solutions vary with the source of the noise. For more information, see “14.9 Mitigating Noise” (p.338). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 338 Fig. 3. Ideal four-terminal method SOURCE B, (SOURCE A) (current generation) To facilitate measurement, the tips of the Hioki L2101 Clip Type Lead are jagged. When a clip is opened as shown in Fig. 4, measurement current flows from multiple points, and voltage is detected at multiple points.
  • Page 339 When the temperature of the measurement target and probe differ, thermal EMFs will be generated, causing an error. Allow the measurement target to adjust to room temperature as much as possible prior to measurement. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 340 For more information about how to deal with errors caused by thermal EMF, see “14.10 Effect of Thermal EMF” (p.342). HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 341 To obtain stability in a constant-current source with a large inductance, response time is sac- rificed. If you find that resistance values are scattered when measuring large transformers, please consider the above or contact your local Hioki distributor for further assistance. (11) Effects of cable configuration To cancel thermal EMF, the RM3545A periodically reverses the polarity of the measurement current (via the OVC function).
  • Page 342 Detected voltage SENSE A – SENSE A – SENSE B SENSE B a. When affected by an eddy current b. When not affected by an eddy current Fig. 9. Variations in the detected voltage due to eddy currents HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 343 Fig. 11. Current flow in the mounted state SOURCE B SOURCE A Current probes SENSE B SENSE A Resistance value in mounted state Voltage probes Fig. 14. Difference between Fig. 13. Flow of current in the test state mounted state and test state HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 344: Using Multiple Units Of The Instrument

    (100 mΩ × 1 A + 10 mΩ × 1.1 A) = 111 mΩ In this case, the unit on the right will measure the following resistance value: (1 Ω × 100 mA + 10 mΩ × 1100 mA) = 1.11 Ω 100 mA HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 345: Mitigating Noise

    The influence of electromagnetic coupling can be reduced by keeping the noise generating line away from the voltage detection line and twisting the cables for each (see Fig. 2). Fig. 2. Twisting near high-current wires HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 346 If the line frequency setting is left at 60 Hz while the instrument is used in a region with a 50 Hz line frequency, measured values will vary, even if the measurement speed is set such that the integration time is equal to the integral multiple of the line frequency. Check the instrument’s line frequency setting. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 347 Once the path along which the conductive noise is traveling has been identified, the countermeasures show in Fig. 6 are effective. Isolation Instrument Controller (PC, PLC) Common-mode filter on noise path Power supply lines Isolation Power supply lines on a separate circuit Separate power supply lines Inverter Welder Motor Fig. 6. Conductive noise countermeasures HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 348 It is highly effective to optically isolate control lines. It is also effective to isolate power supply lines using a noise-cutting transformer. However, note that shared ground lines before or after the isolation can make this approach less effective. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 349: Effect Of Thermal Emf

    To reduce the effects of thermal EMF, the following countermeasures are possible: 1. Increasing the detection voltage by increasing the measurement current 2. Using zero adjustment to cancel thermal EMF 3. Changing the detection signal to AC HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 350 When the measurement target is inductive, some delay must be set (p.86) to allow adequate current flow before starting measurement. Set the delay so that inductance does not affect measurements. To fine tune the delay, begin with a lon- ger delay than necessary, then gradually shorten it while watching the measured value. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 351: Detecting The Location Of A Short On A Printed Circuit Board

    (2) 11 mΩ (3) 10 mΩ (4) 10 mΩ Based on the above measured values, the short can be inferred to be near (3). SENSE B (1) SENSE B Pattern X SOURCE B Short Pattern Y SOURCE A SENSE A HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 352: Measuring Contact Resistance

    For this reason, when measuring signal contacts, the open voltage should be limited to the extent possible, and measurement should be carried out using an extremely low current (dry-circuit testing). The instrument can be used to perform dry-circuit testing by enabling the low-power mode. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 353 JIS C 8306 Testing methods for wiring devices JIS H 0505 Measuring methods for electrical resistivity and conductivity of non-ferrous materials JIS K 7194 Testing method for resistivity of conductive plastics with a four-point probe array Reference URL: https://www.jisc.go.jp/ HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 354: Jec 2137 Induction Machine-Compliant Resistance Measurement

    So the temperature coefficient to be set is determined as shown in Formula 4. α − t × (t ......... Formula 3 α ............Formula 4 For example, if the reference temperature is 20°C, set the temperature coefficient for the instrument as fol- lows. α = 3922 (ppm/°C) 20 + 235 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 355: Making Your Own Measurement Leads, Making Connections To The Multiplexer

    • When using two or more RM units, do not group the wires from multiple instruments together. Induction phenomena may cause measured values to become unstable or the contact check circuit to generate erro- neous results. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 356 Four-terminal wiring from the instrument to the relay, but two-terminal wiring from the relay. • After extending measurement leads, confirm operation and accuracy (p.270). • If cutting the ends off of Hioki measurement leads, make sure that the shield does not touch the center conductor of the Center SOURCE A, SENSE A, SENSE B, and SOURCE B leads.

  • Page 357: Checking Measurement Faults

    Particularly if using a 1 A measurement current, keep the round-trip route resistance less than 3.0 Ω. See: “Current fault detection function” (p.58) • Is there a break in a measurement lead? Switch the lead with another lead or jiggle the wiring and check the resistance value. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 358: Using The Instrument With A Withstanding Voltage Tester

    Then perform resistance measurement. Ground measurement terminals when not performing resistance measurement. Instrument Measurement target Discharge residual charge. Withstanding voltage tester Use only high-voltage relays. Using the instrument with a withstanding voltage tester HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 359: Measurement Leads (Options)

    14.17 Measurement Leads (Options) 14.17 Measurement Leads (Options) To purchase any of the options, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. L2101 Clip Type Lead L2102 Pin Type Lead These leads have clip tips. Four-terminal measure- Even on flat contact points that cannot be clipped to,...
  • Page 360 Overall length: Approx. 1400 mm Bifurcation-to-lead length: Approx. 300 mm Between pin bases: 2.5 mm 300 mm 1400 mm Tip pin* * Tip pins can be exchanged. 9771-90 Tip pin HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 361: Rack Mounting

    Fixing with other screws could cause damage to the instrument, resulting in bodily injury. If you lose or damage the screws, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. Parts removed from this instrument should be stored in a safe place to enable future reuse.
  • Page 362 M4 × 8 mm M4×8 mm screws. Store the four remaining screws. Spacer IMPORTANT When installing the instrument into the rack, reinforce the installation with a commercially available sup- port stand. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 363: Outline Drawing

    14.19 Outline Drawing 14.19 Outline Drawing The figures show the RM3545A-2, but both models have the same dimensions. Unit: mm ±0.5 32.5 ±1 ±1 306.5 ±3 242.5 ±1 ±0.5 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 364: Calibrations

    Route resistance: 500 mΩ or less ment cable (round-trip) D/A output Equipment Calibration point Manufacturer Standard model 0 Ω : 0 V Voltmeter Hioki Equivalent to DM7275 or DM7276 1 Ω : 1 V Output cable Route resistance: 500 mΩ or less (round-trip) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 365 Temperature 25°C: 2186.0 Ω (thermistor) input 10°C: 0.1 V input Temperature (analog input) 100°C: 1 V input 0 Ω: 0 V output D/A output 1 Ω 1 Ω: 1 V output *1. No 0ADJ for OVC: Off only HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 366 Connection with FLUKE 5700A (10 Ω range to 10 MΩ range) Shielded wiring: 2 m or less SOURCE B Output Lo SENSE B Sense Lo Fluke 5700A Instrument SENSE A Sense Hi SOURCE A Output Hi GUARD Connection with FLUKE 5700A (100 MΩ range) HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 367 Connect the metal exterior of standard resistors and dial resistors to the instrument’s GUARD poten- tial. See: “14.7 Unstable Measured Values” (p.330) • Do not use alligator clips with the voltage detection terminals. Thermal EMFs may cause measured values to diverge. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 368 14.20 Calibrations When using the YOKOGAWA 2792 to calibration Use the four-terminal lead from Hioki. Note that connection cannot be made with the clip type lead. Correct Incorrect Four-terminal lead Clip-type lead HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 369: Adjustment Procedure

    14.21 Adjustment Procedure 14.21 Adjustment Procedure The System Settings screen includes an adjustment screen. The Adjustment screen is used in repairs and adjustment carried out by Hioki. It is not available for use by end-users. Do not press. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

  • Page 370: Instrument Settings (Memo)

    It is recommended that you make note of the instrument’s settings using the following table before requesting it be calibrated or repaired. The settings can also be saved to a PC by using the sample application software. The sample application software is available for download from Hioki’s website. https://www.hioki.com/global/support/download/software/...
  • Page 371 JUDGE/BCD MODE OVRRNG ERR OUT Communications Inter- INTERFACE face Setting screen (IF) SPEED DATA OUT CMD MONITOR PRINT INTRVL PRINT COLUMN STAT CLEAR IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway Port MAC Address BIN Setting screen (BIN) RM3545A-2 only HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 372 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 373 INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 374 ....... 320 Four-terminal method ..........56 .........218 Free-run ..........331 Clip lead ..........133 Frequency .............136 Clock ............. 130 FULL ......245 Command monitor function ............. 315 Fuse ..........17 COMP Comparator ........301 Will not turn on ........99 Comparator function Index HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 375 Judging ............85 ........303 Not displayed ........... 190 PRINT ........ 247 Storing in memory ........344 Printed circuit board ........302 Unstable ............251 Printer Measurement condition .......... 251 Printing ..........123 Loading ..........122 Saving ....45 Measurement conditions Index HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 376 ......116 Statistical calculation result ..........257 Printing ..........57 SW.ERR ...........137 System reset ..........76 ....118 Temperature conversion ....... 76 Temperature correction ........34 Temperature sensor ........118 Temperature-rise test ........... 145 T_ERR ........... 145 T_FAIL ........83 Thermal emf Index HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 377 Index Index HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 378 See: “Displaying a list of model and measurement conditions” (p.55) Model Version Rear panel The manufacturing number is indicated on the rear panel. They can also be checked on the [INFO] screen. See: “Displaying a list of model and measurement conditions” (p.55) Manufacturing number HIOKI RM3545E961-00...
  • Page 379 Model of product being used Version Company Department Phone number E-mail Manufacturing number Name of Hioki’s respondent Connection method to measurement target 1. Expected operation • □ Two-terminal connection □ Partially four-terminal connection □ Four-terminal connection to measurement target 2. Difference from expected operation □...
  • Page 380 Model of product being used Version Company Department Phone number E-mail Manufacturing number Name of Hioki’s respondent 1. Interface being used 4. Fill out the following if using RS-232C, USB, or LAN. □ RS-232C □ USB □ LAN □ EXT. I/O Description of malfunction •...
  • Page 381 HIOKI RM3545E961-00...

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