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EN
EXHAUST GAS TEST
To ensure an economically efficient and
trouble-free operation of the system it will
be necessary to adjust the burner
specifically in accordance with the furnace
system. This is achieved by means of a
fuel-combustion air compound control unit
which adjusts the burner to ensure a
proper combustion. Exhaust gas tests are
required for this purpose.
The percentage CO2 and O2 and the
exhaust gas temperature will have to be
measured to determine the efficiency and
combustion quality.
Prior to any measurement make sure to
check the boiler and exhaust gas system
for absence of leaks.
Secondary air will falsify the measured
results
Check that the exhaust gases have a
residual oxygen (O2) content as low as
possible and a carbon dioxide (CO2)
content as high as possible.
The carbon monoxide content of the
exhaust gases must be below the currently
applicable specifications in all load stages.
In the fuel oil combustion mode the
permissible soot number in the exhaust
gas is not allowed to be exceeded
Recommended combustion parameters
Recommended
Fuel
Natural gas
Light oil
Heavy oil
Ratio between O
- and CO
2
for natural gas H (CO
2
Ratio between O
- and CO
2
for light oil EL (CO
max = 15,40%)
2
Ratio between O
- and CO
2
for heavy oil S (CO
max = 15,60%)
2
= 21 CO
max - CO
O
2
2
CO
max
2
CO
gem = % CO
measured on dry flue gases
2
2
18
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DETERMINING THE VOLUMETRIC GAS
FLOW RATE
The thermal furnace output of a boiler (QF)
is the amount of heat supplied with the gas
in a unit of time.
When taking the burner into operation the
volumetric fuel flow rate should be
selected according to the nominal thermal
capacity of the boiler.
Example:
Nom. thermal output Q
Boiler efficiency
Calorific value of gas H u
Gas pressure
Barometer reading
Gas temperature
relative
Gas temperature
absolute
Standard atmosferic
pressure
Recommended
(%) CO 2
(%) O 2
10 ÷ 9
3,1 ÷ 4,8
13 ÷ 11,5
3,3 ÷ 5,3
12,5 ÷ 11
4,2 ÷ 6,2
-
2
max = 11,7%)
-
2
-
2
gem = %
2
1000 kW
N
n
0,88
K
9,1 kWh/m
p
100 mbar
U
p
980 mbar
amb
t
15°C
gas
T
(t
273)
gas+
p
1013 mbar
n
WARNING: if the installation is above sea level the output of the burner
vary base on the diagram.
The regulation of the burner in this case shall take into account the
reduced power of the burner due to the missing air.
Mean air pressure vs. altitude above sea-level
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
5
10
15
Fan capacity reduced by [%]
Q
1000
N
Q
=
=
= 1136 kW
F
n
0,88
K
Volumetric gas flow rate at STP:
Q
1000
N
v
=
=
Bn
H
*n
9,1*0,88
u
K
Volumetric gas flow rate in operating
condition:
3
T
p
n
v
= v
=
BB
Bn
p
+ p
273
amb
273+15 1013,25
= 125
273
980+100
20
25
30
35
420010717300
3
= 125 m
/h
=
u
= 123,9 m
3
/h
40
45
50
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