Yamaha MBK XMAX 2014 Service Manual page 15

Wheel slip and hydraulic control
The ABS ECU calculates the wheel speed of each wheel according to the rotation signal received from
the front and rear wheel sensors. In addition, the ABS ECU calculates the vehicle chassis speed and
the rate of speed reduction based on the wheel speed values.
The difference between the chassis speed and the wheel speed calculated in the slip ratio formula is
equal to the wheel slip. When the wheel speed is suddenly reduced, the wheel has a tendency to lock.
When the wheel slip and the wheel speed reduction rate exceed the preset values, the ABS ECU de-
termines that the wheel has a tendency to lock.
If the slip is large and the wheel has a tendency to lock (point "A" in the following figure), the ABS ECU
reduces the brake fluid pressure in the brake caliper. Once the ABS ECU determines that the tendency
of the wheel to lock has diminished after the brake fluid pressure is reduced, it increases the hydraulic
pressure (point "B" in the following figure). The hydraulic pressure is initially increased quickly, and then
it is increased gradually.
A
b
A
c
a. Chassis speed
b. Wheel speed
c. Brake force
ABS operation and vehicle control
If the ABS starts operating, there is a tendency of the wheel to lock, and the vehicle is approaching the
limit of control. To make the rider aware of this condition, the ABS has been designed to generate a
reaction-force pulsating action in the front brake lever and rear brake lever independently.
TIP
When the ABS is activated, a pulsating action may be felt at the front brake lever or rear brake lever,
but this does not indicate a malfunction.
The higher the side force on a tire, the less traction there is available for braking. This is true whether
the vehicle is equipped with ABS or not. Therefore, sudden braking while cornering is not recommend-
ed. Excessive side force, which ABS cannot prevent, could cause the tire to slip sideways.
a
A
B
A
B
d e
B
A
A
B
d e
d. Depressurizing phase
e. Pressurizing phase
1-6
FEATURES
B
B
d e