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Cabletron Systems 7C03 User Manual

Portable management application for the 7c03, 7c04, and 7c04-r smartswitch hubs
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Portable Management Application
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7C03, 7C04, and 7C04-R
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User's Guide
The Complete Networking Solution

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Summary of Contents for Cabletron Systems 7C03

  • Page 1 ® Portable Management Application for the 7C03, 7C04, and 7C04-R SmartSwitch Hubs User’s Guide The Complete Networking Solution...
  • Page 3 Licensed Software, prior to installing it, is virus-free with an anti-virus system in which you have confidence. Cabletron Systems makes no representations or warranties to the effect that the Licensed Software is virus-free. Copyright © 1996 by Cabletron Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
  • Page 4 (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013. Cabletron Systems, Inc., 35 Industrial Way, Rochester, New Hampshire 03867-0505. This computer software is submitted with restricted rights. It may not be used, reproduced, or disclosed by the Government except as provided in paragraph (b) of this Notice or as otherwise expressly stated in the contract.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Module Utilities ... 2-26 MIB I, II ... 2-26 FDDI Port Display Forms... 2-8 FDDI Color Codes ... 2-10 Switch Port Display Forms ... 2-11 Switch Port Color Codes ... 2-12 Bridge Port Display Forms... 2-13 Bridge Port Color Codes... 2-15 Interface Port Display Forms ...
  • Page 6 Contents Find MAC Address... 2-26 UPS... 2-27 Accessing FDDI Management... 2-27 Accessing ATM Management... 2-28 Accessing Bridge Management... 2-28 Setting the Polling Intervals ... 2-28 Port Configuration ... 2-30 Configuring Ethernet and FDDI Ports... 2-30 Configuring Fast Ethernet Ports ... 2-32 Configuring COM Ports...
  • Page 7 Chapter 5 ATM Configuration Accessing the AToM MIB Window... 5-1 Configuring Connections... 5-4 Chapter 6 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Bridging Basics ... 6-1 Transparent Bridging... 6-2 Accessing the Bridge Traffic View Window ... 6-2 Navigating Through the Bridge Traffic View ... 6-3 Bridge Traffic View Front Panel ...
  • Page 8 Contents...

  • Page 9: Chapter 1 Introduction To Spma For The 7C0X Smartswitch

    Your SPMA for the 7C0x SmartSwitch management module provides management support for all three models in the 7C0x SmartSwitch family. The 7C03 MMAC SmartSwitch functions as a chassis within a chassis; residing in an MMAC-series hub, it occupies two module slots and provides three slots of its own —...
  • Page 10 Currently, the toggle from traditional bridging to SecureFast switching is performed via Local Management; see your Local Management documentation for details. Note that because the 7C03, 7C04, and 7C04-R provide the same functionality and support the same family of NIM modules (with the exception of the double-wide modules, which can be installed only in a 7C04-R), they will be referred to collectively throughout this manual as the 7C0x SmartSwitch.

  • Page 11: Using The 7C0X Smartswitch User's Guide

    Chapter 1, Introduction to SPMA for the 7C0x SmartSwitch , describes the 7C0x SmartSwitch User’s Guide and the conventions used in this and other SPMA manuals, explains where to find information about the 7C0x SmartSwitch, and tells you how to contact Cabletron Systems Technical Support. •...

  • Page 12: What's Not In The 7C0X Smartswitch User's Guide

    Introduction to SPMA for the 7C0x SmartSwitch • Chapter 6, Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View , provides detailed instructions for configuring and managing the 7C0x SmartSwitch’s traditional bridging capabilities, including monitoring bridge operation, using the special and filtering data bases, and setting forwarding thresholds and notification options.

  • Page 13: Conventions

    management system — instructions for starting each application from the command line are included in each chapter of this guide and the SPMA Tools Guide . Conventions SPECTRUM Portable Management Applications — including the 7C0x SmartSwitch module — can work with a number of different network management systems running on several different operating systems and graphical user interfaces.
  • Page 14 Introduction to SPMA for the 7C0x SmartSwitch Some windows will also contain a launches a History window been displayed since the window was first invoked. This window can help you keep track of management actions you have taken since launching a management application.

  • Page 15: Using The Mouse

    Using the Mouse The UNIX mouse has three buttons. Procedures within the SPMA document set refer to these buttons as follows: Button 1 Button 2 Button 3 If you’re using a two-button mouse, don’t worry. SPMA doesn’t make use of mouse button 2.

  • Page 16: Getting Help

    Where applicable, an INFO button provides the version number; you can also view the version number for any application by typing the command to start the application followed by a -v. You can contact Cabletron Systems Technical Support by any of the following methods: By phone:...

  • Page 17: Chapter 2 Using The 7C0X Smartswitch Hub View

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View Navigating through the Hub View; monitoring hub performance; managing the hub The heart of the SPECTRUM Portable Management Application (SPMA) for the 7C0x SmartSwitch is the Hub View, a graphical interface that gives you access to many of the functions that provide control over the 7C0x hub and its installed modules.

  • Page 18: Navigating Through The Hub View

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View The spmarun script invoked first in the above command temporarily sets the environment variables SPMA needs to operate; be sure to use this command any time you launch an NOTES application from the command line. This script is automatically invoked when you launch an application from the icon menu or from within the Hub View.

  • Page 19: Hub View Front Panel

    Hub View Front Panel In addition to the graphical display of the modules installed in your 7C0x SmartSwitch chassis, the Hub View gives you device level summary information. The following Front Panel information appears to the right of the module display: Contact Status is a color code that shows the status of the connection between SPMA and the device: •...

  • Page 20: Using The Mouse In A Hub View Module

    Note that the Device menu provides access to only a few of the applications which are available to the 7C0x SmartSwitch; additional applications are available from the Module, Switch, Bridge, Interface, and Port menus, and many can also be accessed both from the icon menu (if you are running under a network management platform) and from the command line (if you are running in stand-alone mode).

  • Page 21: Monitoring Hub Performance

    SPMA can also provide further details about hub performance via its multi-level menu structure: first, you select the hub view display mode for the services you want to monitor (Switch, Bridge, or Interface); then, you can use the available menus tools that let you monitor specific aspects of hub performance and set 7C0x...

  • Page 22: Selecting The Application Display Mode

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View Menus always available: Figure 2-4. The 7C0x SmartSwitch’s Device, Module, Switch, Bridge, Interface, FDDI, and Port Menus Selecting the Application Display Mode The device information, menus, and applications that are available to you via the Hub View depend on the Application Display mode you have chosen.
  • Page 23 ATM option will only appear when a 7A06-01 NIM is installed in the chassis. See Accessing ATM Management, By default, the 7C0x Hub View will launch in Switch display mode (for those devices configured via Local Management to perform SecureFast switching) or Bridge display mode (for those configured to perform traditional bridging);...

  • Page 24: Com Port And Fddi Front Panel Displays

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View COM Port and FDDI Front Panel Displays Note that, like the Module menu, neither the COM port nor the FDDI front panel displays are affected by changes in the Application Display. The COM port display always shows each port’s administrative status (ON or OFF), both in the text display and in the color code (green = ON, blue = OFF);...
  • Page 25 desirable. You can view and configure the SMT Connection Policy by selecting the SMT Connection Policy option on the Module —>FDDI Utilities menu; see Chapter 4, FDDI Management, for more information. • DIS (disabled) — the port has been disabled by management; note that this status does not indicate whether or not there is a physical link connected to the port.

  • Page 26: Fddi Color Codes

    Switch menu a Switch Status window and change the port display form. This is the default display mode for devices configured for SecureFast operation.

  • Page 27: Switch Port Display Forms

    Switch Port Display Forms You can select three port display forms for switch interfaces; note that, although you can select both Input and Output state for each interface, it is unlikely that any single interface would have different input and output status values at any given time.

  • Page 28: Switch Port Color Codes

    • TST (testing) — the port is in a testing mode. Type A switch interface’s Type is a dynamic value determined by the type of node to which the interface is connected: • Ntwk (network) — a Network interface is connected to another switch.

  • Page 29: The Bridge Application Display

    The Bridge Application Display The Bridge Application Display — available only for devices which have been configured (via Local Management) to operate as traditional bridges — allows you to view each bridge interface according to bridging status and statistics; it also provides access to the Bridge and Bridge Port menus you can launch the Bridge View application, change the port display form, view a list of source addresses communicating through a selected interface, and enable...
  • Page 30 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View • DIS (disabled) — the port has been disabled by management; no traffic can be received or forwarded on this port, including configuration information for the bridged topology. • LIS (listening) — the port is not adding information to the filtering database; it is monitoring Bridge Protocol Data Unit (BPDU) traffic while preparing to move to the forwarding state.

  • Page 31: Bridge Port Color Codes

    Bridge Port Color Codes The color codes assigned to each port interface in Bridge Application mode indicate the following bridging status conditions; note that the color coding is the same for all port display forms: • Green — the port is in a Forwarding state; that is, it is on-line and ready to forward packets from one network segment to another.

  • Page 32: Interface Port Display Forms

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View For more information about the MIB I, II application, see the SPMA Tools Guide; for more information about the interface list, see Viewing the Interface List, page 2-22; for more information about configuring alarms, see Chapter 3, Alarm Configuration;...
  • Page 33 Capability The Capability display indicates the highest duplex mode of which the interface is capable. Note that this display does not indicate the current Duplex Mode setting. • Full — the interface can be configured to operate in Full Duplex mode. •...
  • Page 34 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View For Ethernet ports, the theoretical maximum load is 10 Mbps; for Fast Ethernet, FDDI, and ATM, it’s 100 Mbps. • Discard — shows a value for each active port that indicates what percentage of the total packets received at or transmitted by that port were discarded. You can view the discard percentage in three ways: In —...
  • Page 35 • Load — shows a value for each active port that represents that port’s traffic as a percentage of the theoretical maximum load: either 10 Mbps (for Ethernet), or 100 Mbps (for Fast Ethernet). • Packets — displays the number of good packets experienced by each interface in one of four ways: Packets/second —...

  • Page 36: Interface Port Color Codes

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View 512-1023 1024-1518 Giants (packets with more than 1518 bytes) Note that, for all statistical port display form options (both MIB II and Ethernet), three dashes (---) will display for all inactive ports; any active (green) port will display a NOTE numeric value, even if it’s zero.
  • Page 37 Figure 2-11. Device Configuration Window The Device Configuration window provides the following hardware and software revision information: Firmware Version Displays version information for the firmware currently installed on your 7X00 controller module. To view a truncated description, click to place your cursor in the text field, then use the arrow keys to shift the display.

  • Page 38: Viewing The Interface List

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View Viewing the Interface List You can use the Interface List application to view a complete list of MAC Addresses assigned to the interfaces installed in your 7C0x SmartSwitch chassis. To open the Interface List: 1.

  • Page 39: Viewing Switch Status

    To launch the Switch Status window: 1. If necessary, put the Hub View into the Switch Application Display mode (click either mouse button on the Module Index or Module Type box to display the Module menu, drag down to Application Display, then across to select Switch).

  • Page 40: Viewing The Source Address List

    For more information about administrative and operational states as they apply to individual switch interfaces, see Switch Port Display Forms, Max Connections Displays the maximum number entries allowed in the Connection Table. Up to 16000 entries can be stored in the SmartSwitch’s Connection Table.

  • Page 41: Managing The Hub

    Figure 2-14. The Bridge Port Source Address Window The bridge port Source Address window displays the MAC address of each device that has transmitted packets that have been forwarded through the selected bridging interface during the last cycle of the Filtering Database’s defined ageing timer (learned addresses that have not transmitted a packet during one complete cycle of the ageing timer are purged from the Source Address Table).

  • Page 42: Module Utilities

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View Module Utilities Most of the available SPMA Tools can be launched from the Module —> Module Utilities menu. (Remember, the Module menu is available in any Application Display mode.) To launch a utility from this menu: 1.

  • Page 43: Ups

    menu allows you to search for a specified MAC address on multiple devices simultaneously; however, if you launch this tool from the Hub View or from the command line, only the hub against which you launch the tool will be searched. To launch the Global Find MAC Address tool from the Hub View: 1.

  • Page 44: Accessing Atm Management

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View c. SMT/MAC Configuration d. SMT Connection Policy e. Station List All of these applications are described in detail in Chapter 4, FDDI Management. Accessing ATM Management For 7C0x SmartSwitches which have a 7A06-01 NIM installed, the Module menu will provide access to the ATM configuration application.
  • Page 45 Figure 2-15. 7C0x SmartSwitch Polling Intervals 3. To activate the desired polling, click mouse button 1 on the selection box to the right of each polling type field. 4. To change a polling interval, highlight the value you would like to change, and enter a new value in seconds.

  • Page 46: Port Configuration

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View Device Configuration This polling interval controls how often a survey is conducted of the type of equipment installed in the 7C0x SmartSwitch hub; information from this poll would change the Hub View to reflect the addition and/or removal of a NIM or NIMs.
  • Page 47 2. Click mouse button 3 on the Port Status box for the Ethernet or FDDI interface whose mode you wish to change. 3. Drag down to Configuration, and release. The Port Configuration window, Figure Note that, if you select the Configuration option available for a Fast Ethernet interface, an entirely different window will appear;...

  • Page 48: Configuring Fast Ethernet Ports

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View Configuring Fast Ethernet Ports If you have any Fast Ethernet NIMs installed in your 7C0x SmartSwitch chassis, the Port Configuration window available for those ports allows you to both view and set that port’s available modes. All 100Base-TX Fast Ethernet ports can be configured to operate in either standard Ethernet (10 Mbps) or Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) mode, and in each mode can be configured to operate in Full Duplex, effectively doubling the available wire speed (from 10 to 20 Mbps in standard...
  • Page 49 The Advertised Abilities functionality is not supported by the FE-100FX Fast Ethernet port module; if you launch the Configuration window for one of these modules, the NOTE Advertised Abilities section of the window will display No Support, and the Remote Capabilities section will display Unknown.
  • Page 50 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View If you choose to select a specific mode of operation (rather than auto-negotiation), you should be sure that the link partner supports the same mode. Otherwise, no link will be achieved. CAUTION If you select a Full Duplex mode and the link partner supports the same wire speed but not Full Duplex, a link will be achieved, but it will be unstable and will behave erratically.

  • Page 51: Setting The Desired Operational Mode

    • Link Partner does not support auto negotiation — auto negotiation is either not supported by or is not currently selected on the remote port. • Unknown — the link partner’s capabilities could not be determined. When the local node is not set to Auto-Negotiation, this field will remain blank, even if the link partner is set to Auto-Negotiation and is advertising abilities.

  • Page 52: Configuring Com Ports

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View For 100Base-FX ports, options are: 100Base-FX — 100 Mbps connection, Standard Mode 100Base-FX Full Duplex — 100 Mbps connection, Duplex Mode 2. If you have selected Auto Negotiation (for 100Base-TX ports only), use the Advertised Abilities field to select the operational capabilities you wish to advertise to the port’s link partner.
  • Page 53 Figure 2-18. COM Port Configuration Window You can use the COM Port Configuration window to set the following operating parameters: COM Port Admin Use this field to administratively enable or disable the COM port. COM Port Function Use this field to select the function for which you wish to use the COM port: SLIP Managing the Hub Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View...

  • Page 54: Enabling And Disabling Bridge Ports

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View Current 7C0x firmware versions support only Local Management and UPS via the COM port; future versions will add SLIP and PPP support. NOTE Speed Selection If you have configured the selected port as a SLIP or PPP connection, you must select the appropriate baud rate: 2400, 4800, 9600, 19,200, or Auto-Baud.
  • Page 55 3. A window will appear asking you to confirm your selection; click on OK to continue the enable or disable process, or on Cancel to cancel. When you disable bridging at a port interface, you disconnect that port’s network segment from the bridge entirely. The port does not forward any packets, nor does it participate in Spanning Tree operations.
  • Page 56 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Hub View 2-40 Managing the Hub...

  • Page 57: Basic Alarm Configuration

    Basic Alarm Configuration Creating alarms; assigning events and actions; viewing an alarm log Through the RMON Alarm and Event functionality supported by your 7C0x SmartSwitch, you can configure some basic alarm thresholds for each available bridge port interface; you can also define a response to each alarm condition. The current version of the Basic Alarm application can only be used on devices which are configured to operate as traditional bridges, as it has some dependencies on bridge-specific table information;...

  • Page 58: Launching The Basic Alarm Application

    Basic Alarm Configuration Launching the Basic Alarm Application You can access the Basic Alarm application in one of two ways: from the Hub View: 1. If necessary, put the Hub View into the Interface Application Display mode (click either mouse button on the Module Index or Module Type box to display the Module menu, drag down to Application Display, then right to select Interface).

  • Page 59: Viewing Alarm Status

    Viewing Alarm Status The Basic Alarm Configuration window, need to configure one or more of the three alarms available for each interface installed in your 7C0x SmartSwitch hub: In Octets Kb — Total Errors — Broadcast/Multicast Use these fields at the top of the window to change the alarm type whose status is displayed in the list box.
  • Page 60 Basic Alarm Configuration The available alarm variables are: • In Octets Kb (ifInOctets) — tracks the number of octets of data received by the selected interface. Note that this value has been converted for you from octets (or bytes) to kilobytes (or units of 1000 bytes); be sure to enter your thresholds accordingly.
  • Page 61 Basic Alarm Configuration Current versions of the Basic Alarm Configuration application do not provide a means for viewing any alarm logs you choose to create; if you wish to use the Log option, you can view the associated log via the MIBTree or any similar SNMP-based tool. See Viewing an page 3-10, for details.

  • Page 62: How Rising And Falling Thresholds Work

    Basic Alarm Configuration Before you decided whether or not to assign an action to a rising or falling alarm, it is important to understand something about the hysteresis function built in to the RMON alarm functionality. See How Rising and Falling Thresholds Work, below, for more information.

  • Page 63: Configuring An Alarm

    Configuring an Alarm The editable fields at the bottom of the Basic Alarm Configuration window allow you to configure alarm parameters for each available interface. These fields will display the alarm parameters for the interface which is currently highlighted (and the alarm variable currently selected at the top of the window);...
  • Page 64 Basic Alarm Configuration 5. If you have selected the Trap option in the Alarm field, the Community field will become active; any value you enter here will be included in any trap messages. Your trap utility may use this community name as a means of filtering traps, or as a means of directing traps within the management platform;...

  • Page 65: Disabling An Alarm

    To configure additional alarms, or alarms of a different type, select the appropriate alarm variable at the top of the window, highlight the appropriate interface(s), and repeat the procedures outlined above. Disabling an Alarm Using the functions: it both disables the alarm and deletes the alarm entry (and its associated event and action entries) from device memory to help conserve device resources.

  • Page 66: Viewing An Alarm Log

    Basic Alarm Configuration Viewing an Alarm Log The ability to create a log of alarm events is provided by the Event group of the RMON MIB. If you have selected the Log option for any of your alarms, and you wish to view the resulting log, you can do so by using MIBTree or any similar SNMP-based MIB tool to query the RMON MIB’s logTable.
  • Page 67 Basic Alarm Configuration logTime Displays the value of the 7C0x’s sysUpTime when the alarm instance occurred (in timeticks by default, but perhaps converted by your MIB utility into days hours:minutes:seconds format). You can compare this value to the device’s current sysUpTime to get a general idea when the alarm condition occurred. logDescription The logDescription object provides a detailed description of the alarm event, including a piece of information critical to making sense of the logTable...
  • Page 68 Basic Alarm Configuration 3-12 Viewing an Alarm Log...

  • Page 69: Chapter 4 Fddi Management

    FDDI Management Using the FDDI utilities to manage FDDI modules: port configuration, alarm configuration, SMT/MAC configuration, configuring the connection policy, and viewing the station list The Module menu FDDI Utilities selections allow you to monitor and manage the FDDI interfaces installed in your 7C0x SmartSwitch hub. Each of the applications available via this menu is described in this chapter: •...

  • Page 70: Port Configuration

    FDDI Management Each of the FDDI applications available for your 7C0x SmartSwitch can be launched either from within the Hub View or from the command line; note, however, that when an NOTES application is launched from the command line, it cannot perform the same kind of port mapping the Hub View can provide, so all port indexing will be handled based on SMT index and port physical index, rather than by front panel index (FP 1 or FP 2) and port type (A or B).
  • Page 71 FDDI Management Figure 4-1. Port Configuration Window The Port Configuration window displays the following information: SMT Index Displays the index number of the Station Management (SMT) entity to which each port is attached. Each FDDI NIM module has two SMT entities — one for each front panel interface.
  • Page 72 FDDI Management State Displays a value that indicates the port’s connection status. There are four possible connection states: • Connecting –– the port is trying to establish a link, but has not yet been successful. Ports which are not connected and which have not been disabled by management will display this status.

  • Page 73: Enabling Or Disabling Fddi Ports

    Enabling or Disabling FDDI Ports You can enable or disable ports individually or as a group, as follows: 1. Highlight the appropriate port or ports in the scroll list. You can select or de-select any ports by clicking on them, or you can use the Scope field: if you select All Ports , all available ports will be automatically selected;...

  • Page 74: Viewing The Fddi Port Chart

    FDDI Management Viewing the FDDI Port Chart To view the FDDI Port Chart window, highlight an entry in the scroll list and click The FDDI Port Chart window displays the following information about the selected port or ports, in both numeric and graphical format: LEM Count The LEM (Link Error Monitor) Count displays the number of times each port’s Link Error Monitor has detected a link error.

  • Page 75: Changing The Measurement Of Data

    Changing the Measurement of Data Measurement fields located at the bottom of the FDDI Port Chart window allow you to change how the incoming data is measured: • Absolute –– displays the chart variable values recorded in the device MIB counters.

  • Page 76: Viewing Fddi Port Graphs

    FDDI Management Estimate can range from 10 value of the exponent; for example, if the port’s LER Estimate is computed to be , the value displayed in the Port Status box will be 5, which represents an actual rate of 1,250 bit errors per second. The lower LER Estimate numbers represent the highest bit error rates.

  • Page 77: Alarm Configuration

    Alarm Configuration The Alarm Configuration application allows you to set the LER Alarm and LER Cutoff thresholds for each FDDI interface installed in the SmartSwitch chassis. Once alarms have been configured, a port will enter an alarm state if its LER Estimate exceeds the LER Alarm threshold;...
  • Page 78 FDDI Management Figure 4-5. Alarm Configuration Window The Port List Box in the upper portion of the window displays the following information for each FDDI port in the hub: (Port Alarm Status) The color displayed in this box indicates the LER Alarm status of each listed port: green indicates that the port’s LER Estimate is below the LER Alarm threshold;...
  • Page 79 appear. For multiple NIMs, SMT entities will be indexed from left to right in the hub, and from top (front panel port 1) to bottom (front panel port 2) on each module. Port Displays the index number assigned to each port. If you have launched the Alarm Configuration application from the Hub View, each front panel port will be identified by type (A or B);...
  • Page 80 FDDI Management LER Cutoff The Link Error Rate (LER) Cutoff field displays the threshold at which a connection is flagged as faulty and the port is disabled by Station Management (SMT). SMT automatically re-enables the port when the error rate falls below the cutoff value.

  • Page 81: Smt/Mac Configuration

    SMT/MAC Configuration The SMT (Station Management)/MAC (Media Access Control) Configuration window displays information about the configuration of each SMT entity present in the hub, the operating state of the ring to which that entity is attached, the physical state of the A and B ports on each module with respect to their MAC entity, and parameters relating to ring initialization.
  • Page 82 FDDI Management Figure 4-7. SMT/MAC Configuration Window The SMT Configuration portion of the window provides the following information about the current configuration of each SMT entity present in the SmartSwitch chassis: SMT Index Displays the index number of the Station Management (SMT) entity to which each port is attached.
  • Page 83 SMT entity. Optical Bypass Switch Indicates whether an Optical Bypass Switch is attached to the module’s A and B ports. An Optical Bypass Switch can prevent a faulty node from causing a wrap condition or bringing down the ring by bypassing the faulty station and allowing the signal to continue to the next station in the ring.
  • Page 84 FDDI Management The MAC Configuration portion of the window provides the following information about the current configuration of the selected interface’s MAC entity: Displays the index number assigned to the SMT entity. The index number assigned to each MAC entity currently associated with the noted SMT entity.

  • Page 85: Charts, Graphs, And Meters

    TReq (Requested Target Token Rotation Time) Displays the token rotation time bid made by the noted MAC during ring initialization, in milliseconds. T-Req is stored within the MIB in nanoseconds rather than milliseconds; SPMA converts nanoseconds to milliseconds according to the following formula: (snmpFddiMACTReq) divided by 10 You can use any SNMP Set Request tool to edit the T-Req value;...

  • Page 86: Viewing The Fddi Mac Chart

    FDDI Management Viewing the FDDI MAC Chart To view the FDDI MAC Chart window, highlight an entry in the MAC Configuration scroll list and click Figure 4-8, will appear. The MAC Chart provides the following information about the selected MAC entity in both numeric and graphical form: Frame Count Displays the total number of frames received by the selected MAC.

  • Page 87: Changing The Measurement Of Data

    Lost Count Displays the number of MAC PDUs (Protocol Data Units include both tokens and frames) that contain an unknown error, so their validity is in doubt. When the MAC encounters a frame of this type, it increments the Lost Frame counter and strips the remainder of the frame from the ring, replacing it with idle symbols.

  • Page 88: Viewing Fddi Mac Graphs

    FDDI Management The FDDI MAC Meters window graphically and numerically displays the following statistics: Frame Rate Displays the total FDDI network activity, measured in frames per second. The Frame Rate includes frames, but not tokens. Frame Error Rate Displays the total number of MAC Frame errors detected by the module, measured in frames per second.

  • Page 89: Configuring The Smt Connection Policy

    Configuring the SMT Connection Policy The SMT Connection Policy of an FDDI concentrator determines which types of connections are allowed among the four FDDI port types: A, B, M (Master), and S (Slave). FDDI protocol forbids Master—>Master connections; all other connection types are legal, although some are considered to be undesirable.

  • Page 90: Fddi Connection Rules

    FDDI Management Figure 4-10. SMT Connection Policy Window FDDI Connection Rules By default, all connections are allowed except the illegal M—>M connection; the following table summarizes the FDDI connection rules: — valid connection — illegal connection — undesirable (but legal) connection —...

  • Page 91: Special Ring Configurations

    Each interface controls only its own connection policy; however, when two interfaces attempt to connect, their combined connection policies dictate the connections that will be allowed, with the most lenient policy prevailing — in other words, all connections (except for the illegal M—>M connection) are allowed unless forbidden by both connecting nodes.

  • Page 92: Viewing The Station List

    FDDI Management 2. In the Scope field, click on the selection button to select the front panel interface (FP) or SMT entity for which you wish to configure connection policy. (Remember, if you launch from the command line, front panel designations will not appear, and each interface will be indexed by SMT only.) Changes will only be applied to those ports associated with the front panel interface or SMT entity which is listed in the Scope field when...
  • Page 93 FDDI Management Figure 4-11. The Station List Window Note that the information displayed in the Station List window is static once the window is opened; for updated information, click mouse button 1 on Also, note the scroll bar located to the right of the list window; use it to view additional stations, if necessary.
  • Page 94 FDDI Management Upstream MAC Displays the hardware address of the node’s nearest upstream neighbor. Note that the addresses displayed in this field also respond to any change in display mode from MSB to Canonical, or vice versa. Vendor Displays the name of the vendor that manufactured the device, as determined by the first three bytes of the MAC address.
  • Page 95 B-B Twisted, Wrapped Unknown Viewing the Station List normally in a twisted condition, but the station with both an A—>A and B—>B connection is isolated from the primary ring and residing alone on the secondary ring. The ring is twisted due to the node’s B—>B connection, as above;...
  • Page 96 FDDI Management 4-28 Viewing the Station List...

  • Page 97: Chapter 5 Atm Configuration

    ATM Configuration Configuring Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVCs); adding and deleting connection entries The ATM interface available via the 7A06-01 NIM module provides the connectivity that allows you to merge ATM network segments with traditional LAN technologies via the SmartSwitch chassis backplane. Current versions of 7A06-01 firmware use 802.3 VC-based multiplexing for bridging protocols to move PVC traffic between the ATM front panel connection and the SmartSwitch backplane;...
  • Page 98 ATM Configuration The spmarun script invoked first in the above command temporarily sets the environment variables SPMA needs to operate; be sure to use this command any time you launch an NOTES application from the command line. This script is automatically invoked when you launch an application from within the Hub View.
  • Page 99 The remainder of the window contains a list box which displays the following information about each of the currently configured PVCs; use the scroll bar to the right of the list to view additional connections, if necessary: Interface The device interface on which the PVC was configured. Index numbers are assigned in an XXXXYY format, where X = slot index times 10,000, and Y = port index;...

  • Page 100: Configuring Connections

    ATM Configuration Encaps Displays the method used to encapsulate LAN packets on the selected circuit. Current versions of 7A06-01 firmware use 802.3 VC-based multiplexing for bridging protocols (designated 802.3); future versions will add support for ATM Forum LAN Emulation and Cabletron’s SecureFast Switching. Status Displays the current administrative status of the connection: Up (enabled) or Down (disabled).
  • Page 101 SmartSwitch chassis, use this field to enter the interface number for which you wish to configure a new circuit. (Remember, each pair of redundant interfaces shares a single IF index.) 3. In the VPI text box, enter the Virtual Path Identifier you wish to assign to this connection.
  • Page 102 ATM Configuration Configuring Connections...

  • Page 103: Chapter 6 Using The 7C0X Smartswitch Bridge View

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View A brief explanation of bridging methods; a tour of the Bridge Traffic View; using the Detail View; monitoring bridge operation; using the Filtering Database; configuring bridge operating parameters; setting forwarding thresholds, statistics, and notification options; setting polling parameters; enabling and disabling bridge interfaces The SPECTRUM Portable Management Application (SPMA) Bridge View presents a series of windows that describe the bridging services available via the...

  • Page 104: Transparent Bridging

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Transparent Bridging Transparent bridges are most common in Ethernet networks. Individual Transparent bridges monitor packet traffic on attached network segments to learn their network segment location in terms of which bridge port receives packets originating from a particular station (determined via the packet’s Source Address field).

  • Page 105: Navigating Through The Bridge Traffic View

    The Bridge Traffic View is the heart of the Bridge application. The first window to appear when you start the Bridge application, it contains a status display of the device’s bridge ports and contains the buttons and menus that provide access to all bridge monitoring and management functions.

  • Page 106: Bridge Traffic View Front Panel

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Bridge Traffic View Front Panel The right side of the Bridge Traffic View displays device summary information: Contact Status Contact Status is a color code that shows the status of the connection between SPMA and the device: •...
  • Page 107 MAC Address The factory-set MAC hardware address assigned to me 7X00 Controller module’s backplane (or Host) interfaces. (Note that these two internal interfaces share a MAC address.) Clicking on the Device button displays the Device menu. The Device menu lets you perform the following: •...

  • Page 108: The Bridge Port Display

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View The Bridge Port Display Each Bridge Port box in the Bridge Traffic View displays information about its corresponding bridge port. The Bridge Port boxes are color-coded, reflecting their current status. Bridge Port boxes for disabled bridge ports are colored blue. Enabled bridge ports are colored green, yellow, or red, depending on the range in which the traffic volume through that port falls.
  • Page 109 The Frames display mode shows the following Bridge Port information: • Frms In—Displays the total number of frames, including BPDU frames, received at this bridge port from its attached network segment during the last polling interval. • Frms Out—Displays the total number of frames, including BPDU frames, transmitted or forwarded through this port to its attached network segment during the last polling interval.

  • Page 110: Using The Detail View Window

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Learning Forwarding Broken This button is grayed out because the 7C0x SmartSwitch currently performs Transparent bridging only (since no Token Ring NIMs are yet available). The title bar at the top of the Bridge Port display area indicates the frame type described in the bridge ports.
  • Page 111 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Figure 6-3. Detail View Showing Four Ports Using the Detail View Window...

  • Page 112: Changing Ports In The Detail View

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Each port shows the total frames transmitted and received by the port. Port summary information includes Port Index (at the top of the Bridge Port box), Port Status, Bridge Port State, and Frames Forwarded. You can display Frames Forwarded as a delta value (the total number of frames forwarded by this bridge port to any other port on the bridge during...

  • Page 113: The Bridge Status Window

    The Bridge Status Window You can set or change the device time, date, name, or location—all of which display in the Bridge Traffic View Front Panel—in the Bridge Status window. The Contact field is the only Bridge Status window field not displayed in the Bridge Traffic View Front Panel.
  • Page 114 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View The Bridge Statistics window displays the following information: Bridging Type Type refers to the type of bridging supported by the bridge. • unknown • transparent-only Total Ports Shows the total number of bridge ports installed in the 7C0x SmartSwitch chassis. Port Displays each port’s index number.

  • Page 115: The Filtering Database Window

    MtuExceedDiscard Mtu stands for “maximum transfer unit”; it is the largest frame size that can be processed by the 7C0x SmartSwitch. A port discards any received frames that are larger than the Mtu; this field lists how many such frames were discarded. The information in the Bridge Statistics window is a snapshot of the data.

  • Page 116: Viewing The Filtering Database

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Viewing the Filtering Database To open the Filtering Database window: 1. Display the Device menu by clicking on the Front Panel 2. Drag down to Filtering Database, and release. 3. At the top of the Filtering Database window, click mouse button 1 on the appropriate selection box to view either the Forwarding or Static database.
  • Page 117 Learned Entry Discards The number of database entries that never made it into the Filtering Database due to a lack of buffer space. Ideally, this number should be 0. If this number grows, it indicates a very busy network. A value other than 0 is acceptable as long as it isn’t increasing, indicating that the lack of buffer space is sometimes causing problems, but that the condition is not persistent.
  • Page 118 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Destination Port Displays the port or ports to which frames that have the specified source address and were received on the specified port or ports will be forwarded. Note that packets with the specified source address received on the specified port or ports will be blocked from any ports not listed in this field.

  • Page 119: Changing The Filtering Database Dynamic Ageing Time

    The Ageing Time determines how long a Forwarding entry (or a Static entry with deleteOnTimeout status) is retained before being discarded due to inactivity. Use the Change Ageing Time button to set a new Ageing Time; see the following section for details. Use the Find button to search the Filtering Database for a specific MAC address;...

  • Page 120: Changing Forwarding And Static Database Entries

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Changing Forwarding and Static Database Entries The only entries that can be changed or deleted in the Filtering Database are static entries. If the entry you wish to change or delete is a forwarding entry, you must add it to the Static Table.

  • Page 121: Deleting A Static Table Entry

    Static Address The Static Address field will display the MAC address of the entry you highlighted in the Filtering Database window. If no entry was selected, the address field will contain zeros, and a valid MAC address may be entered. Receive Port The Receive Port list box specifies the port on which packets from the specified static address must be received in order for the static database entry to apply.

  • Page 122: Finding A Filtering Database Mac Address

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Finding a Filtering Database MAC Address To find a source address in the Filtering Database: 1. In the Filtering Database window, click on the Find MAC Address window. In the Bridge Traffic View, display the Device menu by clicking on the Front Panel Figure 6-10.
  • Page 123 The Spanning Tree Protocol window displays information used by the network bridges to select the Root Bridge and parameters that affect the bridge’s participation in Spanning Tree operations. To open the Spanning Tree Protocol window: 1. Click on the Front Panel 2.
  • Page 124 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View All bridges in a network must use the same Spanning Tree version. Mixing Spanning Tree Algorithm protocols will cause an unstable network. CAUTION Designated Root This value represents the bridge that is the current Root Bridge as determined by the STA.
  • Page 125 Hello Time Indicates, in seconds, the length of time the Root Bridge, or bridge attempting to become the Root, waits before resending a Configuration BPDU. The Root Bridge determines the Hello Time. Priority The Spanning Tree Algorithm assigns each bridge a unique identifier, which is derived from the individual port’s MAC address and its priority as determined by the Spanning Tree Algorithm or your setting.

  • Page 126: Changing Spanning Tree Parameters

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Root Forward Delay The Forward Delay (in seconds) that will be implemented by this bridge if it is the Root or becomes the Root. (The Root Bridge in the network sets the Forward Delay for all bridges in the Spanning Tree network.) The IEEE 802.1d specification recommends that Forward Delay = 15 seconds, with an allowable range of 4 to 30 seconds.

  • Page 127: The Spanning Tree Port Parameters Window

    The Spanning Tree Port Parameters Window The Spanning Tree Algorithm ensures that only a single bridge path exists between any two end stations in a network designed with multiple bridges placed in parallel; it also ensures that on any given bridge, only one port path exists between the bridge and any one network segment.
  • Page 128 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Figure 6-12. Spanning Tree Port Parameters Window Designated Cost The cost of the path from this port to the Root Bridge on the network. If the highlighted port is the Root Port, the Designated Cost is 0. If this bridge is the Root Bridge, all its bridge ports have a Designated Cost of 0.

  • Page 129: Changing A Port's Sta Parameters

    Designated Port The Port ID of the port on the Designated Bridge for this port’s segment. The Designated Port is the bridge port that offers the lowest path cost to the Root Bridge. Forward Transitions The number of times this port has moved from the Learning state to the Forwarding state since the device was started or since it was last reset.

  • Page 130: The Bridge Port Forwarding Statistics Window

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View For complete descriptions of chart, graph, and meter variables and details on how to create and control a pie chart, graph or meter, see the chapter on charts, graphs and meters in the SPMA Tools Guide. Graphing capabilities are provided by an application that is included in HP Network Node Manager and IBM NetView;...

  • Page 131: Port Forwarding Statistics Window Fields

    Figure 6-14. Bridge Port Forwarding Statistics Window Port Forwarding Statistics Window Fields The Bridge Port Statistics window contains two list boxes detailing port forwarding activity to and from the currently selected port: • The leftmost list box shows frames forwarded to each of the other bridge ports from the currently selected port.

  • Page 132: Configuring Forwarding Thresholds

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View The four statistics shown beneath the list boxes are the port summary statistics, which consist of: Total Frames Forwarded The total number of frames forwarded through the bridge to another segment. Total Frames Received The number of frames, of all types, received at the port.
  • Page 133 Figure 6-15. Port Forwarding Thresholds Window SPMA polls a bridge at preset intervals, as defined in the Polling Intervals window accessed from the Bridge View Device menu. A port’s traffic level can pass from one range NOTE to the next and then back to the original level between polls from SPMA. When this occurs, SPMA won’t record that the threshold has been passed because the event was never observed.
  • Page 134 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View 2. In the Modify Range section of the Forwarding Thresholds window, you can edit the line that displays the high end of the Low and Mid ranges, or you can use the slide bars to specify the thresholds. You can also assign a color to each of the three ranges.

  • Page 135: Viewing The Forwarding Log

    4. Notification Conditions make your Notification Options subject to defined conditions: a. If you check the In—Out—In box, notification takes place when the threshold passes from one range to another and then back. The number in the Delay box specifies the number of times this transition is to take place before notification is launched.
  • Page 136 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View Figure 6-16. Sample Forwarding Log Window To select a different Bridge Port log: 1. Use the slide bar at the top of the Forwarding Log window to select a different port. To clear all logs or just the current log: 1.

  • Page 137: Changing Polling Intervals

    To save log files: 1. Click on the Save button and select either Current Log or All Logs to open the Save Log window. 2. In the Save Log window, enter a file name for the file to be saved and then click on the OK button.

  • Page 138: Enabling And Disabling Ports

    Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View You can change values for the following polling interval fields: Device Info Specifies the time, in seconds, that SPMA waits before updating the Front Panel information (Uptime, Location, and so forth) in the Bridge Traffic View. Bridge Port Display Info Specifies the time, in seconds, that SPMA waits before updating statistical and status information in the Bridge Traffic View port display boxes.
  • Page 139 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View When you disable a Transparent bridge port, the port’s display box turns blue. When you enable a Transparent bridge port, the port’s color changes to indicate the forwarding threshold range. (Port color codes are only active if the Color box is selected in the Forwarding Thresholds window.
  • Page 140 Using the 7C0x SmartSwitch Bridge View 6-38 Enabling and Disabling Ports...

  • Page 141: Appendix A 7C0X Smartswitch Mib Structure

    MIB in response to changes in the chassis. For example, if no FDDI or ATM NIMs are installed, the related MIB components will not appear in the list; similarly, either the bridge or the switch component will be instantiated, Appendix A...
  • Page 142 7C0x SmartSwitch MIB Structure depending on which functionality the device has been configured to use. To see which MIB components are currently being used in your 7C0x SmartSwitch, bring up the Community Names application, or use any SNMP Get operation that will allow you to view the contents of the contLogicalEntryTable.

  • Page 143: A Brief Word About Mib Components And Community Names

    TVX timer value, duplicate address testing, frame status, version IDs, and upstream neighbor addresses. SWITCH Services The SWITCH Services MIB component — instantiated only when the 7C0x has been configured (currently via Local Management) to operate in SecureFast switching mode — provides the objects necessary for SecureFast switching...
  • Page 144 7C0x SmartSwitch MIB Structure Newer versions of devices with this component-based MIB architecture — like the 7C0x SmartSwitch — have been simplified somewhat; these devices support a single, global set of community names, with small modifications added automatically to accommodate multiple instances of the same MIB component (where necessary).

  • Page 145: Index

    Numerics 7C0x MIB components A-2 7C0x SmartSwitch family 1-1 7C03 MMAC SmartSwitch 1-1 7C04 Workgroup SmartSwitch 1-1 7C04-R Workgroup SmartSwitch 1-1 NIM modules 1-1 7C0x SmartSwitch firmware versions 1-8 AAL Type 5-3 Add to Static Table button 6-18 Admin button 6-6...
  • Page 146 Index connection rules 4-22 Contact Status 2-3, 6-4 contLogicalEntryTable 3-2 CRC/Alignment errors 2-19 Current box 6-33 decLb100 6-21 Delay box 6-33 DelayExceedDiscard 6-12 deleteOnReset entry status 6-16, 6-19 deleteOnTimeout entry status 6-16, 6-19 Delta button 6-7, 6-8 delta values 3-5, 3-8 Designated Bridge 6-20, 6-26 Designated Cost 6-26 Designated Port 6-20, 6-27...
  • Page 147 6-34 maximum transfer unit 6-13 Media Type 4-4 Menus always available 2-6 Bridge mode 2-6 Interface mode 2-6 Switch mode 2-6 Meters tool accessing 6-27 MIB component A-1 descriptions A-4 MIB I, II 1-4, 2-3, 2-26 MIB II variables 3-4...
  • Page 148 6-13 Station List 2-28 Statistics Ethernet (RMON) 2-18 MIB II 2-17 Status (alarm) 3-4 Switch display mode 2-6 SWITCH Services A-3 Switched Virtual Circuits (SVCs) 5-1 sysUpTime 3-11 Technical Support 1-8 Telnet 1-4, 2-26 TFTP Download 1-4, 2-26...
  • Page 149 Index Trap 3-5 Trap Table 1-4, 2-26 unique community names A-3 unused resources 3-9 UPS 1-4 configuration tool 2-27 Uptime 6-4 VC MUX 802.3 Bridging 5-4 viewing an alarm log 3-1, 3-5, 3-10 Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI) 5-3 Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) 5-3 Web site 1-8 Index-5...
  • Page 150 Index Index-6...

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