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02 Technical specifications • Compatible with 3-mL cartridge. • Maximum bioink volume in cartridge: 3 mL. • Dimensions (height x width x depth): 118 x 30.5 x 37.5 mm. • Weight: 132 g. • Maximum pressure: 700 kPa. • Material composition: •...
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02 Technical specifications Figure 1: Theoretical maximum build volume shown from the top and side view using the EMD Printhead (assuming a nozzle length of 0 mm). Exact build volume depends on the cartridge’s position in the printhead and the nozzle/needle used.
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02 Technical specifications Table 1: Theoretical build volume based on nozzle length. Actual volume may vary based on build plate’s thickness, size, shape and level, as well as on cartridge position and tightness of the nozzle. X, Y and Z are measured from the front left corner of the printbed.
03 Safety information 3.1 BIO X system warnings • Please consult the BIO X manual for BIO X-specific and general warnings and safety procedures. 3.2 EMD Printhead warnings • Do not clean the printhead by submerging it in liquid or using excessive spraying. Liquid inside the printhead can damage the circuitry and motor.
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03 Safety information Figure 2: Do not touch the outlined area of the EMD microvalve.
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03 Safety information • Do NOT remove the valve, nozzle or cartridge from the EMD printhead while it is attached to the printhead mount. The cartridge will be pressurized upon attachment and untwisting these components will result in bioink leakage. •...
04 Getting started NOTE: The printing parameters displayed on this manual might not be accurate for your specific protocol. For recommended parameters please consult the documentation for the bioink being used. 4.1 Unpacking 1. Open the package. Remove the pre-assembled EMD Printhead and other components (Figure 3). 2.
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04 Getting started Figure 3: Package contents include: A. EMD Printhead body. E. Threaded nozzle. B. Microvalve. F. Luer lock adapter. C. Nozzle cover for storage. G. EMD accessory tool. D. Needleless threaded nozzle.
04 Getting started 4.2 Installing, raising, lowering and uninstalling the printhead 1. To install the printhead in the BIO X, stabilize the bottom of the printhead mount with one hand to avoid straining the motor. Align the printhead above the desired printhead mount and push downward using your opposite hand (Figure 4). Note: for more information on how to assemble the printhead, see Section 4.3.
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04 Getting started 2. On the user interface, navigate to the Utilities menu and then go to the Tools submenu. 3. Lower the desired printhead mount into the active or loading position by pressing the down arrow (Figure 5). Figure 5: Lowering the printhead into the active position.
04 Getting started 4. Press the up arrow to return the printhead to the nonactive position. 5. To remove the printhead, use one hand to stabilize the printhead mount and the other hand to push the printhead slightly upward. 4.3 Removal and insertion of microvalve and nozzle 1.
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04 Getting started Figure 6: (A) Removing the nozzle cover from the EMD Printhead. (B, D, E) Removing the nozzle from the EMD Printhead. (C, F, G) Removing the microv- alve from the EMD Printhead.
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04 Getting started 5. Insert the adapter tool into the printhead (Figure 7 A, D). Twist the tool counterclockwise while securing the printhead with your other hand (Figure 7 B, E). Pull the tool out with the Luer lock attached (Figure 7 C, F). Figure 7: Removing the Luer lock adapter.
04 Getting started 4.4 Reassembling the printhead 1. Use some force to push the microvalve into the printhead until approximately four millimeters of the valve are protruding (Figure 8 C, D). Do not apply pressure on the glass end (Section 3.2). 2.
04 Getting started 3. Reinsert the Luer lock adapter by reversing the steps outlined in Section 4.3 and Figure 7. Do not overtighten or the threads on the adapter may be stripped and leakage could occur. 4.5 Loading a cartridge 1.
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04 Getting started 3. Insert the cartridge into the EMD Printhead (without connecting the printhead to the BIO X) (Figure 10). Figure 10: Inserting and tightening the cartridge into the EMD Printhead.
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04 Getting started 4. Connect the cartridge to the pneumatic adapter by twisting the adapter on the end of the cartridge (Figure 11). Figure 11: Attaching the 3-mL pneumatic adapter to the cartridge.
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04 Getting started 5. Connect the air tubing to the respective air inlet on the printbox above the respective printhead (Figure 12). Figure 12: Attaching the EMD Printhead to the BIO X printhead mount.
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04 Getting started 6. Connect the printhead to the BIO X while stabilizing the mount. Follow the instructions in Section 4.2 (Figure 13). Figure 13: Connect the printhead to the BIO X.
04 Getting started 4.6 Testing Extrusion 1. Navigate to the Utilities menu and select the Tools submenu. Figure 14: Adjusting the EMD Printhead parameters in the Utilities menu.
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04 Getting started 2. Select the EMD Printhead parameters button to adjust the open and cycle time (Figure 15) • Open time: The length of time the valve is open during one cycle. • Cycle time: The time between each opening that determines the droplet deposition frequency. Figure 15: Adjustable parameters for the EMD Printhead.
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04 Getting started 3. The pressure can be adjusted within the cartridge to control the expulsion rate of the droplet. • Certain bioinks require a minimum pressure to be expelled. • A pressure that is too high can cause an expulsion rate that is too high, resulting in splattering of the droplet on the surface. •...
04 Getting started 4.7 Your first bioprint 1. Prepare the cartridges (Section 4.5). 2. Select Bioprint from the Start menu (Figure 16). Figure 16: Start menu. Select Bioprint to proceed print to setup.
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04 Getting started 3. Select an STL file (extension .stl) from the Model menu and proceed to the next menu (Figure 17). Figure 17: Selecting STL file from the Model tab.
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04 Getting started 4. Select a surface to print on. Proceed to the next menu (Figure 18). Figure 18: Select a print surface from the Surface menu.
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04 Getting started 5. Select printhead positions that have been set up. Make sure the EMD Printhead is selected under the tool type (Figure 19). 6. Enter the desired printing parameters for the printhead (Figure 19) and proceed to the Layers menu.
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04 Getting started 7. Assign the enabled printhead to the respective layer characteristics and proceed to the next menu (Figure 20). Figure 20: Layer menu. You can assign toolheads to respective print areas like perimeter, infill and support. You can select the infill pattern and density and preview the layers.
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04 Getting started 8. Prime the nozzle/needle and test bioink flow by using the Drop button next to the pressure setting (Figure 21). Press Print to proceed to the calibration page. Figure 21: Print menu. You can preview your printing parameters and test the pressure.
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04 Getting started 9. Select Calibrate to calibrate the system. Set the EMD Printhead to the desired printing height (Figure 22). A calibration height of 1-3 cm is recommended for the needleless threaded nozzle, and 0 mm for the needle threaded nozzle. 10.
04 Getting started 4.8 Removing printhead 1. Wipe any excess bioink from the nozzle tip using a delicate task wipe. 2. Cover the nozzle with the nozzle cover. 3. Depressurize the cartridge by detaching the airline from the printer (Figure 23A). 4.
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04 Getting started Figure 23: Depressurizing and removing the EMD Printhead.
04 Getting started 4.9 Printing optimization The EMD Printhead uses an electromagnetically actuated valve to form droplets in the micro- and nanoliter range. Pressurized fluid can flow when the valve is open, and the flow stops when it is closed. An optimal nozzle diameter, valve travel speed and actuation yield the minimal dispensing volume.
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04 Getting started Unlike pneumatic-based bioprinting, this technique results in small droplets instead of filaments. The translational speed of the bioprinting process will affect the pitch between droplets. A low speed might result in the droplets merging together or aggregating, while a high speed will result in a larger distance between droplets.
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05 Relevant G-code commands Commands Description G1 Xnnn Ynnn Ennn Fnnn When used in combination with the G90 command, which defines absolute coordinates, G1 is the abso- lute move command. The values of the X and Y parameters are the coordinates (in mm) directing where to move.
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05 Relevant G-code commands G92 Xnnn Ynnn Znnn G92 sets the current position of the printhead to the specified X, Y and Z coordinates. If no values are given, the position is assumed to be 0, 0, 0 (this will also change the Z position). Tx switches to printhead (x), where 0, 1 and 2 designate printheads 1, 2 and 3.
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06 Frequently asked questions • What is the mechanism that enables bioprinting with this printhead? This printhead compresses the bioink within a cartridge. The cartridge is connected to an electromagnetic valve that can open and close for a set length of time. Droplets are expelled from the printhead at the open and close rates set by the user. •...
07 Maintenance 7.1 Cleaning 1. After printing, flush the microvalve, nozzle and Luer lock adapter to clean them and prevent clogging. 2. Disassemble the printhead (Section 4.2). 3. Mount the Luer lock adapter to a syringe loaded with deionized water or ethanol. 4.
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07 Maintenance Figure 25: Preparing the microvalve for cleaning. Figure 26: Flushing the microvalve.
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07 Maintenance 10. Repeat steps 7 to 8 with air instead of water/ethanol to dry the microvalve. 11. Disconnect the microvalve and let it air dry. 12. Connect the nozzle to the provided tube. Use the syringe to flush with water or ethanol, then water. Hold the nozzle tightly when flushing to prevent it from disconnecting from the tube (Figure 27).
07 Maintenance 7.2 Long-term maintenance • The threaded nozzles and Luer lock adapter can be autoclaved and cleaned with ethanol. They have sufficient chemical resistance to ethanol and are temperature-resistant for autoclaving. • Regularly clean the printhead with a damp cloth to remove any dust or debris.
Appendix A: Consumables — needles and nozzles Available nozzles and part numbers • Available nozzles for contact dispensing (inner diameters): • 0.10 mm. • 0.15 mm. • 0.30 mm (standard. Art. no. D16110020555). • Available microvalves for contact and noncontact jetting. Threaded sleeve used for noncontact jetting where fluid is shot directly from microvalve end.
Appendix A: Consumables — needles and nozzles Compatible consumables CSC010300502 Empty cartridges 3cc – 50 pcs CSC010300102 Empty cartridges 3cc with end and tip caps – 10 pcs CSC010311502 Empty cartridges 3cc with end and tip caps – 50 pcs CSO010311102 UV-shielding cartridges 3cc with end and tip caps –...
Support information • Official site: www.cellink.com • Contact: support@cellink.com • Contact: sales@cellink.com • Web store: www.cellink.com/store Store Sales Support Official site...