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Related Manuals for Kipp & Zonen SMP series
Summary of Contents for Kipp & Zonen SMP series
- Page 1 Instruction Manual SMP series • Smart Pyranometer...
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Page 3: Important User Information
Dear customer, thank you for purchasing a Kipp & Zonen instrument. It is essential that you read this manual completely for a full understanding of the proper and safe installation, use, maintenance and operation of your new SMP series pyranometer. -
Page 5: Declaration Of Conformity
Declaration of Conformity Kipp & Zonen B.V. Delftechpark 36, 2628 XH Delft P.O. Box 507, 2600 AM Delft The Netherlands declares under our sole responsibility that the product SMP3, SMP6, SMP10, SMP11, SMP21 and SMP22 Smart Pyranometer to which this declaration relates, is in conformity with European Harmonised Standards as published in the Official Journal of the EC, based on the following standard [EMC - Emissions] EN 61326-2-1:2013 and EN 61326-2-3:2013... -
Page 7: Table Of Contents
................................................................1.1.1 The pyranometer ................................................................. 1.1.2 International Standards ..............................................................Key parts of the SMP3 pyranometer ....................................................Key parts of the SMP series pyranometer ..................................................Key parts of the SMP pyranometer ....................................................... Installation ..................................................................Included with the product ........................................................... Tools required .................................................................. - Page 8 Maintenance and re-calibration ........................................................Daily maintenance ..............................................................Monthly maintenance ............................................................. Yearly maintenance ..............................................................Calibration ..................................................................... 6.4.1 Calibration principle ................................................................6.4.2 Calibration traceability to the WRR ........................................................Specifications ..................................................................Optical and electrical ............................................................... Dimensions and weight ............................................................Trouble shooting ................................................................Output signal not present or incorrect ....................................................
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Page 9: Introduction
(global or di use) solar radiation integrated over the wavelength range from 0.3 m to 3 m (300 nm to 3000 nm). All pyranometers within the SMP series are compliant with one of the classes specified by the international standard. -
Page 10: International Standards
10 years. SMP3 is smaller and lighter than the other SMP series pyranometers. It features a 64-junction thermopile sensing element with a highly absorptive and spectrally flat black coating to capture incoming radiation and convert it to an electrical signal. This detector is protected by a high quality glass dome which is 4 mm thick. -
Page 11: Key Parts Of The Smp3 Pyranometer
1.2 Key parts of the SMP3 pyranometer glass dome detector sun shield connector bubble level housing fixed foot adjustable feet smart interface 1.3 Key parts of the SMP series pyranometer outer glass dome inner glass dome detector bubble level sun shield connector desiccant housing fixed foot... -
Page 13: Installation
2. Installation Please follow the instructions in this section carefully for the mechanical and electrical installation of the SMP series pyranometers. Do not turn on power to the instrument until instructed to do so. Note Do not connect the instrument to a computer until instructed to do so. -
Page 14: Tools Required
2.2 Tools required The tools required to fit an SMP series pyranometer to a support are a 4 mm (M5 socket head screw) Allen key and a 8 mm (M5 nut) wrench / spanner. Normally, the drying cartridge for the SMP11 should be hand-tight, but a 16 mm or 5/8” open-ended wrench / spanner can be used to loosen it. -
Page 15: Mounting
2.4.2 Mounting The SMP pyranometer is provided with two holes for 5 mm bolts. Two nylon insulation rings and two each of stainless steel bolts, washers and nuts are provided in the fixing kit. The pyranometer should first be secured lightly with the bolts to a solid and stable mounting stand or platform as shown below. -
Page 16: Fitting The Connector And Cable
2.4.6 Fitting the connector and cable Locate the plug correctly in the radiometer socket, it only fits one way, and push it in. Screw the plug locking ring hand-tight. Over-tightening may damage the waterproof seal. Secure the cable so that it cannot blow in the wind or cause a shadow on the instrument. -
Page 17: Installation For Measurement Of Albedo
2.7 Installation for measurement of albedo An albedometer consists of two identical pyranometers that measure the Albedo mounting plate Upper screen (white) incoming global solar radiation and the radiation reflected from the surface below. Albedo is the ratio of the two irradiances, and varies from 0 (dark) to 1 (bright). -
Page 18: Electrical Connections
2.9 Electrical connections As standard SMP pyranometers are supplied with a waterproof connector pre-wired to 10 m of high quality yellow cable with 8 wires and a shield covered with a black sleeve. Longer cables are available as options. The colour code of the wires and the connector pin numbers are shown below and on the instruction sheet. -
Page 19: Data Connection
Typical power consumption SMP-V for maximum output (1 V) 5 VDC 50 mW (approx. 10.0 mA) 12 VDC 55 mW (approx. 4.5 mA) 24 VDC 60 mW (approx. 2.5 mA) Maximum power consumption 65 mW at the highest input voltage. Maximum input current 12.5 mA at the lowest input voltage. -
Page 20: Analogue Voltage Output
Connection to a RS-485 Network The digital interface can be connected to a 2-wire RS-485 network as shown below. Master Pull up Balanced pair Pull down Common Slave 1 Slave n The slaves and master may be a SMP pyranometer or other devices. If a SMP pyranometer is the last device on the network a line terminator (LT), consisting of a 120 Ω... -
Page 21: Analogue Current Output
2.9.4 Analogue current output The SMP-A (current output versions) have been factory set such that an output of 4 mA represents 0 W/m² and the full-scale output of 20 mA represents 1600 W/m². The current output range in W/m² can be changed by the user with the supplied PC software. The maximum recommended irradiance for the SMP3 and SMP6 are 2000 W/m²... -
Page 23: Accessories
3. Accessories Below is a brief description of the accessories available for SMP series pyranometers. Detailed information can be found on our website, where the brochures and manuals for these accessories can be viewed and downloaded. 3.1 Diffuse radiation measurement For measuring di use radiation a shading device is required. -
Page 25: Smartexplorer Software And Modbus Communication
4. SmartExplorer software and Modbus communication ® The SmartExplorer software allows you to configure a smart sensor and to collect real-time data. SmartExplorer runs on a PC with Windows Vista, 7 or 8 and when installing downloads the .NET 4.5 frame work from the Microsoft Server. When using the software on site, make sure the software is already installed on your laptop. -
Page 27: Operation And Measurement
5. Operation and measurement SMP series pyranometers only require suitable sources of power and radiation (light) to operate and make measurements. However, it is necessary to connect them to some sort of readout or data storage device in order to save the measurements, there is no internal data memory. -
Page 28: Dome(S)
5.2.1 Dome(s) The material of the radiometer dome(s) defines the spectral measurement range of the instrument. In general 97 to 98 % of the solar radiation spectrum will be transmitted through the domes and will be absorbed by the detector. The solar irradiance can come from any direction within the hemisphere above the radiometer and therefore the domes are designed to minimize errors in measurement at all incident angles (the directional response). -
Page 29: Cable And Connector
5.2.5 Cable and connector For ease of installation and replacement during re-calibration of the radiometer, the SMP series are provided with a waterproof cable socket fitted to the pyranometer housing. The matching waterproof plug is normally supplied pre-wired to a very high quality yellow cable selected for low noise, very wide temperature range and UV resistance. -
Page 31: Maintenance And Re-Calibration
An ideal radiometer gives an output that is proportional to the absolute irradiance level. This relationship can be expressed as a constant ratio called ‘sensitivity’. SMP series pyranometers are very stable instruments, but they do change very slightly with time. This is largely due to exposure of the black detector coating to UV solar radiation. Re-calibration is recommended every... -
Page 32: Calibration Principle
6.4.1 Calibration principle At the Kipp & Zonen factory pyranometers are calibrated, or re-calibrated, in our laboratory according to ISO 9847:1992 ‘Solar energy - Calibration of field pyranometers by comparison to a reference pyranometer’, Annex A ‘Calibration devices using artificial sources’. The specific method is given in Annex A.3.1 and is described in the standard as the ‘Kipp & Zonen (calibration) device and procedure’. -
Page 33: Specifications
7. Specifications Kipp & Zonen reserves the right to make changes to specifications and other product documentation without prior notice. 7.1 Optical and electrical Specifications SMP3 SMP6 SMP10 and SMP11 SMP21 SMP22 Classification to ISO 9060:1990 Second Class First Class Secondary Standard Secondary Standard Secondary Standard... -
Page 35: Trouble Shooting
8. Trouble shooting There are no user-serviceable parts within the SMP pyranometer and it must not be opened without the agreement and instruction of Kipp & Zonen. 8.1 Output signal not present or incorrect The following contains a procedure for checking the instrument in case it appears that it does not function correctly: 1. - Page 36 Q: Maximum and minimum irradiation quantities? A: Due to reflection from certain types of clouds the global irradiance at sea level can rise above the extra-terrestrial direct irradiance (the Solar Constant) of 1367 W/m² at the top of the atmosphere (WMO 1982). Values up to 1500 W/m² have been reported.
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Page 37: Customer Support
9. Customer support If you require any support for your Kipp & Zonen product please contact your local representative in the first instance. The information can be found in the ‘Contact’ section (home tab) of our website at www.kippzonen.com Alternatively, you can contact us directly at www.kippzonen.com/support Please include the following information: •... -
Page 39: Keyword Index
10. Keyword index Term Explanation Albedo The portion of incoming radiation which is reflected by a surface Azimuth angle Angle in horizontal direction (0 to 360 °) normally referred to North Angle of incidence Incident angle from zenith (0° is vertical, 90° is horizontal) Cosine response Radiometer directional response according to the cosine law Di use horizontal irradiance... -
Page 41: Appendices
Appendices A. Modbus® A.1 Modbus® commands The commands are all according to the Modbus RTU protocols described in the document: ‘Modbus® over serial line V1.02’ and ‘MODBUS application protocol V1.1b’ available from the Modbus® organization (www.modbus.org). The commands can be tested using software tools, such as the program ‘Modbus Poll’... - Page 42 Real-time Data A/D Counts PDU address Parameter Type Mode Description IO_ADC1_COUNTS Input voltage sensor 1 in 0.01 V (R18=MSB, R19=LSB) IO_ADC2_COUNTS Not supported, always 0 IO_ADC3_COUNTS Input voltage body temperature sensor in 0.01 V (R22=MSB, R23=LSB ) IO_ADC4_COUNTS Input voltage power sensor in 0.01 V (R24=MSB, R25=LSB) Error reports PDU address...
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Page 43: Holding Registers
A.3 Holding registers Device Control PDU address Parameter Type Mode Description IO_DEF_SCALE_FACTOR Default scale factor 35 to 40 Factory use only A.4 Read input register Many of the registers and controls are for remote diagnostics. In this chapter only the most interesting registers and controls are described. - Page 44 Register 1 IO_DATAMODEL_VERSION The data-model describes the functions supported by the smart sensor. This document is valid for data-model version: ‘100’ and ‘101’. A di erent implementation of the Modbus® protocol (with new features) could result in a di erent data model ‘that is’ or ‘that is not’...
- Page 45 Register 5 IO_SENSOR1_DATA This register holds the actual data (solar radiation) measured by the sensor. The solar radiation is measured in W/m². If the register IO_SCALE_FACTOR is not set to 0 then you must multiply or divide the data as described under register 4. The raw data from the sensor is calibrated, linearized;...
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Page 46: Discrete Inputs
Explanation of the received bytes: = MODBUS address = read input registers = number of received data bytes 00 01 = operational mode (mode 1) 00 00 = status flags (none) 00 00 = scale factor = 0 = 1x 03 E5 = 997 decimal = sensor 1 data in W/m²... -
Page 47: Coils
A.6 Coils Device control Coil Parameter Def. Mode Description IO_CLEAR_ERROR Select normal operation and clear error (1=clear error) 11 to 17 FACTORY USE ONLY IO_RESTART_MODBUS Restart the device with modbus® protocol FACTORY USE ONLY IO_ROUNDOFF Enable rounding of sensor data IO_AUTO_RANGE Enable auto range mode (0=no auto range) IO_FASTRESPONSE... - Page 48 The IO_VOID_DATA_FLAG and bit 0 of the IO_STATUS_FLAGS are cleared when the IO_VOID_DATA_FLAG is read by the computer. Discrete input 3 IO_OVERFLOW_ERROR This discrete input is raised when an out of range condition occurs and the sensor data (see IO_SENSOR1_DATA) is above the maximum value specified by the calibration program or above 29,999.
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Page 49: Read Write Discrete Coils
Discrete input 8 IO_CALIBRATION_ERROR The calibration error flag is raised when the sensor was not calibrated or a checksum error was detected in the calibration data. This flag can’t be cleared unless the sensor is sent back to the manufacturer or dealer for a re-calibration. Discrete input 9 IO_UPDATE_FAILED The update failed is raised when data is written to the non-volatile memory and the update failed. -
Page 50: Requesting Serial Number
Coil 23 IO_TRACKING_FILTER Setting to this coil enables the tracking filter. The tracking filter reduces the noise of the signal. However, when the filter is on, the step response on a sudden signal change is decreased. The smart sensor uses variable filter constants to minimize the e ect on the step response. -
Page 51: Simple Demonstration Program
A.11 Simple demonstration program The simple ‘C’ program below will show how to read the sensor data and how to deal with errors. The program will read the registers: ‘operational mode, status flags, scale factor, and sensor data’ from Modbus® device with address 2 into registers uOperationMode, uStatusFlags, iScaleFactor and iSensorData. -
Page 53: Pyranometer Physical Properties
(UV) to the far infrared (FIR). Due to the excellent physical properties of the glass dome and black absorber paint, Kipp & Zonen SMP series radiometers are equally sensitive in a wide spectral range. 97 - 98 % of the total energy will be absorbed by the thermal detector. -
Page 54: Zero Offset Type A
B.7 Zero offset type A By physical laws any object having a certain temperature will exchange radiation with its surroundings. The domes of upward facing radiometers will exchange radiation primarily with the relatively cold atmosphere. In general, the atmosphere will be cooler than the ambient temperature at the Earth’s surface. -
Page 55: Directional Response
% of the mean value. B.15 Environmental The SMP series are intended for outdoor use under all expected weather conditions. The radiometers comply with IP 67 and their solid mechanical construction is suitable to be used under all environmental conditions within the specified ranges. -
Page 56: Uncertainty
B.16 Uncertainty The measurement uncertainty of a pyranometer can be described as the maximum expected hourly or daily uncertainty with respect to the ‘absolute truth’. The confidence level is 95 %, which means that 95 % of the data-points lie within the given uncertainty interval representing the absolute value. -
Page 57: Pyranometer Classification To Iso 9060:1990 (E)
C. Pyranometer classification to ISO 9060:1990 (E) Ref. No. Specification SMP10/11 SMP3 Pyranometer Category Secondary Second Secondary First Second Standard Class Standard Class Class Response time < 2 s < 12 s < 15 s < 30 s < 60 s (95% response) Zero o -set <... - Page 58 Our customer support remains at your disposal for any maintenance or repair, calibration, supplies and spares. Für Servicearbeiten und Kalibrierung, Verbrauchsmaterial und Ersatzteile steht Ihnen unsere Customer Support Abteilung zur Verfügung. Notre service 'Support Clientèle' reste à votre entière disposition pour tout problème de maintenance, réparation ou d'étalonnage ainsi que pour les accessoires et pièces de rechange.