Starting System Description And Operation; Starting System Testing; Starter Circuit Test; Starter Load Test - Ford VSG-411 Service Manual

501
Starting System
5-01
PART 5 Starting System
I
COMPONENT INDEX
1 page 1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ......... 5-01
TESTING
Road Service ....................... 5-01
On Engine Testing ................... 5-01
Bench Tests ........................ 5-03
COMPONENT INDEX
I
Page
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
..........
OVERHAUL
Disassembly.
.......................
Cleaning and Inspection ...............
Assembly ..........................
5-04
5-04
5-04
5-06
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
The starter is a four pole, four brush motor with a series field
and a solenoid operated roller clutch drive.
The solenoid assembly is mounted to a flange on the starter
drive housing. The entire shift lever mechanism and the solenoid
plunger are enclosed in the drive housing, thus protecting them
from exposure to dirt and road splash.
The solenoid incorporates two windings, a pull-in-winding and
a hold-in winding. Together they provide sufficient magnetic
attraction to pull the solenoid plunger into the solenoid.
Engine cranking occurs when the starter solenoid on the starter
is energized through the starter control (ignition) switch. When
energized, the solenoid shifts the starting motor pinion into mesh
with the engine flywheel ring gear.
Simultaneously, the main contacts of the solenoid are closed
and battery current is directed to the starting motor causing the
armature to rotate.
After the engine starts, the starter drive is disengaged when the
ignition switch is returned from the start to the on or run position.
This opens the circuit to the starter solenoid and the solenoid
return spring causes the shift lever to disengage the starter drive
from the engine flywheel ring gear.
The starting motor is protected from excessive speed by an
overrunning clutch incorporated in the starter drive assembly. The
overrunning clutch permits the drive pinion gear to rotate faster
than the armature thus disengaging itself from the engine flywheel
ring gear when the engine starts
TESTING
ROAD SERVICE
On road service calls, connect a booster battery to the system
for cases of a starter that will not crank the engine or a starter
that cranks the engine very slowly. If the starter does not turn
the engine over, even with the booster battery attached, refer to
the following tests. Be certain that correct battery polarity is
observed when using a booster battery; positive to positive,
and negative to negative connection of the auxiliary cables.
terminal and the positive lead connected to the battery termi-
nal of the starter solenoid (Figure 1 connection No. 2) 0.3 volt.
3. With the voltmeter negative lead connected to the battery
terminal of the starter solenoid and the positive lead connected
to the positive terminal of the battery (Figure 1 connection No.
3) 0.2 volt.
4. With the voltmeter negative lead connected to the negative
terminal of the battery and the positive lead connected to the
engine ground (Figure 1 connection No. 4) 0.1 volt.
ON ENGINE TESTING
STARTER CRANKING CIRCUIT TEST
These tests will determine whether or not there is excessive
resistance in the cranking circuit. Make each test connection as
shown in Figure 1. While cranking the engine, observe the voltage
drop reading for each test. Disconnect and ground the high
tension lead from the ignition coil to prevent the engine from
starting. Connect a remote control switch between the battery
terminal of the starter relay and the S terminal of the relay.
The voltage drop in the circuit will be indicated by the
voltmeter (0 to 2 volt range). Maximum allowable voltage
drop should be:
STARTER LOAD TEST
Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 2. Be sure that
no current is flowing through the ammeter and heavy-duty carbon
pile rheostat portion of the circuit (rheostat at maximum coun-
terclockwise position).
Crank the engine with the ignition OFF, and determine the
exact reading on the voltmeter. This test is accomplished by
disconnecting and grounding the high tension lead from the igni-
tion coil, and by connecting a jumper from the battery terminal of
the starter solenoid to the ignition switch S terminal of the
solenoid.
1. With the voltmeter negative lead connected to the starter
Stop cranking the engine, and adjust the load of the carbon pile
terminal and the positive lead connected to the battery positive
until the voltmeter indicates the same reading as that obtained
terminal (Figure 1 connection No. 1) 0.5 volt.
while the starter cranked the engine. The ammeter will indicate the
2. With the voltmeter negative lead connected to the starter
starter current draw under load.