Page 1 R&S ® Cable and Antenna Analyzer Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 – 12...
Page 2 ® The Operating Manual describes the following R&S ZVH models and options ● R&S ZVH4 (1309.6800.24) ● R&S ZVH8 (1309.6800.28) ● R&S ZVH-K1 (1309.6823.02) ● R&S ZVH-K9 (1309.6852.02) ● R&S ZVH-K19 (1304.5987.02)) ● R&S ZVH-K14 (1309.7007.02) ● R&S ZVH-K29 (1304.0491.02) ●...
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Using Antennas ......................23 Connecting the R&S ZVH to a PC ................24 2.9.1 Connecting the R&S ZVH in a LAN ................25 2.9.2 Connecting the R&S ZVH in an Existing LAN .............28 2.9.3 Connecting the R&S ZVH via USB ................29 2.10 Managing Datasets ....................30 2.10.1...
Page 4 4.2.1 Starting the Measurement Wizard ................80 4.2.2 Performing a Sequence of Measurements ..............82 Evaluating Results .....................85 5 Spectrum Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K1) ........86 Performing Spectrum Measurements ..............86 5.1.1 Measuring Basic Signal Characteristics ..............86 5.1.2 Measuring the Channel Power of Continuously Modulated Signals ......87 5.1.3...
Page 5 Measuring the Harmonic Distortion ................111 5.1.8 Measuring the AM Modulation Depth ................113 5.1.9 Measuring Spurious Emissions .................115 5.1.10 Working with the Spectrogram Result Display (R&S ZVH-K14) ........118 5.1.11 Using Isotropic Antennas ...................129 Configuring Spectrum Measurements ..............131 5.2.1 Configuring the Horizontal Axis .................131 5.2.2...
Page 6 Sweep Configuration ....................220 8.2.4 Markers ........................220 8.2.5 Measurement Selection and Configuration ...............221 8.2.6 Measurement Format Selection .................221 8.2.7 Measurement Calibration ...................221 Functions of the Spectrum Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K1) ..........222 8.3.1 Measurement Selection .....................222 8.3.2 Frequency Parameters ....................224 Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 7 Sweep Configuration and Bandwidth Selection ............225 8.3.6 Trace Functionality.....................226 8.3.7 Display and Limit Lines ....................226 8.3.8 Markers ........................226 Functions of the Network Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K42) ..........228 8.4.1 Measurement Configuration ..................228 8.4.2 Frequency Parameters ....................228 8.4.3 Measurement Format Selection .................228 8.4.4 Amplitude Parameters ....................229...
Page 8 R&S ZVH Table of Contents Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 9: Documentation Overview
The operating manual provides a detailed description on the instrument's functions It covers the following topics: ● instructions on how to set up and operate the R&S ZVH in its various operating modes ● instructions on how to perform measurements with the R&S ZVH ●...
Page 10 Gloris page. https://gloris.rohde-schwarz.com/calcert Enter the device ID of your R&S ZVH and download the certificate. You can find the device ID either in the "Setup" menu or on the label on the rear panel. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 11: Conventions Used In The Documentation
R&S ZVH Conventions Used in the Documentation Conventions Used in the Documentation The following conventions are used throughout the R&S R&S ZVH operating manual: Typographical conventions Description Convention All names of graphical user interface elements both on the screen “Graphical user interface elements”...
Page 12: Safety Information
Throughout the documentation, safety instructions are provided when you need to take care during setup or operation. The R&S ZVH has been designed for lab operation as well as for service and maintenance applications in outdoor areas. Thus, the following rules apply in addition to or contrary to the "Basic Safety Instructions"...
Page 13: Operating The R&S Zvh
The following figure shows the screen layout in cable and antenna test operating mode. It shows all elements that are the same for all operating modes of the R&S ZVH. Screen layouts that show specifics for each operating mode or measurement are provided in the corresponding sections of this manual.
Page 14: Means Of Input
R&S ZVH Operating the R&S ZVH Means of Input 2.2 Means of Input The user interface of the R&S ZVH provides several elements for you to input data. Alphanumeric keys Unit keys Rotary knob Cursor keys Enter key Cancel key Back key Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 15: Using The Alphanumeric Keys
You can enter negative values with the minus sign key and enter values that contain decimal places with the dot key. If the R&S ZVH asks you to enter a character or you need to enter a character (e.g. file names), the key assignment changes. Each key covers one number and more than one character with the first choice being a character.
Page 16: Confirming And Cancelling Entries
Values that have flexible units, like frequency or time, can be confirmed with one of the unit keys. If you confirm a such a value with the ENTER key, the R&S ZVH always uses the smallest possible unit (e.g. Hz).
Page 17: Using The Cursor Keys
2.2.5 Remote Operation Remote operation is a way to control the R&S ZVH from another device like a PC. To use the R&S ZVH this way, you have to establish a connection between both devices via the LAN or USB interfaces of the R&S ZVH.
Page 18: Presetting The R&S Zvh
2.4 Configuring Measurements The "Measurement Setup" dialog box provides an overview of the current configuration of the R&S ZVH. In addition, you can also change the configuration in this dialog box. ► Press the SETUP key. ► Press the "Measurement Setup" softkey.
Page 19: Configuring The Instrument
When you enter the wrong PIN three times in a row, you have to enter the master PIN to unlock the R&S ZVH. By default, the master PIN is the same as the OEM master PIN, but you can define a user master PIN.
Page 20 Configuring the Instrument Firmware update If the R&S ZVH is protected with a PIN, a firmware update is only possible after you have entered the correct PIN. In the initial state after delivery, PIN protection is turned off. So if you want to protect the R&S ZVH, you have to turn it on manually.
Page 21 OEM master PIN as shown in the "Instrument Settings" dialog box. ► Select the "Master PIN Code" menu item. The R&S ZVH opens an input field to define a user master PIN. ► Enter a 10-digit number for the user master PIN.
Page 22: Taking Screenshots
If available, the R&S ZVH stores the screenshot on an external storage device (USB memory stick or SD card). If both are connected, the R&S ZVH uses the SD card. If no external device is available, the R&S ZVH stores the screenshot in its internal memory (if there is enough left).
Page 23: Saving Events
If on, the corresponding information is included in the saved data. Timing of the data capture Note that the R&S ZVH evaluates the measured data after a sweep is done and thus detects and saves an event only after a sweep has been completed.
Page 24 Note also that the time interval must be longer than the sweep time. If the time interval would be shorter, the R&S ZVH would not be able to save data, because a sweep has to be complete before the R&S ZVH is able to save the data.
Page 25: Using Antennas
R&S ZVH Operating the R&S ZVH Using Antennas 2.8 Using Antennas You can use antennas, for example, to locate the source of interferers. The R&S ZVH supports several antenna models. ● R&S HL300 Connected to the R&S ZVH at the AUX port and the RF input.
Page 26: Connecting The R&S Zvh To A Pc
Note that the .NET Framework 2.0 (or higher) is required on the PC to run the software properly. You can set up a connection between the R&S ZVH and R&S InstrumentView either via its LAN port or its mini USB port.
Page 27: Connecting The R&S Zvh In A Lan
2.9.1 Connecting the R&S ZVH in a LAN You can connect the R&S ZVH directly to the PC with the LAN cable that is supplied with the R&S ZVH. The LAN port is located on the left side of the R&S ZVH behind a protective cap.
Page 28 R&S ZVH Operating the R&S ZVH Connecting the R&S ZVH to a PC After you have matched the subnet mask, you can define the IP address. When both devices are in the same subnet, the first three digits of the IP address are usually the same ('192' in the example below).
Page 29 ► Press the "Add Devices" button to create a new network connection. ► Specify a name for the new network connection, for example "Spectrum Analyzer". ► Enter the IP address for the R&S ZVH (in this case 192.0.2.10) ► Confirm the entry with the "OK" button.
Page 30: Connecting The R&S Zvh In An Existing Lan
With manual allocation, a fixed IP address and subnet mask must be assigned to the R&S ZVH as described in the chapter on direct LAN connection. Then the R&S InstrumentView software has to be configured as described with the assigned IP address.
Page 31: Connecting The R&S Zvh Via Usb
Connecting the R&S ZVH to a PC 2.9.3 Connecting the R&S ZVH via USB Alternatively, you can connect the R&S ZVH to the PC with the USB cable that is supplied with the delivery. The Mini USB interface is located on the left side of the R&S ZVH behind a protective cap.
Page 32: Managing Datasets
You can remove the read-only attribute in several ways. ● Connect the R&S ZVH to a PC and start the R&S InstrumentView software. In the software, start the "Synchronization Control", select a file and lock or unlock the file with the corresponding buttons.
Page 33 ● Synchronization from PC to R&S ZVH: "To Remote" button Updates all files on the R&S ZVH that have been created or edited with the R&S InstrumentView software package (cable models, limit lines, transducers, channel tables etc.). ●...
Page 34: Saving Datasets
The internal memory is used only if neither SD card or memory stick are connected. The internal memory provides approximately 20 MB of data, therefore the number of datasets you can save on the R&S ZVH is limited. Each dataset needs about 100 kB of memory, but this value can vary.
Page 35 The file extension for datasets is .set. If you enter another name, the R&S ZVH uses that name and assigns a new number to the file name if you save the data set the next time. This function allows you to assign consecutive dataset file names without entering a new name every time you want to save a dataset.
Page 36 ► Press the SETUP key. ► Press the "User Preference" softkey. ► Select the "Capture Dataset" item and turn it on. If on, the R&S ZVH saves a dataset of the current measurement if an event occurs. For more information on events see "Saving Events"...
Page 37 The R&S ZVH opens an input field to change the name of the file. 2.10.1.4 Quick Naming of Datasets The R&S ZVH provides a quick naming feature that speeds up the process of naming a file. Putting together a file name Basically, using the quick naming feature is a way of compiling a file name by putting one or more predefined text modules or terms together in a logical way.
Page 38 R&S ZVH Operating the R&S ZVH Managing Datasets Note that by default, the R&S ZVH adds a term without separators between each term. If you need a separator between the term, you can add a blank space or an underscore.
Page 39: Restoring Datasets
The R&S ZVH provides a preview of datasets. The preview is like a screenshot and lets you take a quick look at that measurement and its settings. The R&S ZVH does not yet activate the measurement settings of that dataset.
Page 40: Deleting Datasets
► Select the "Delete" menu item and confirm with the ENTER key or the "Select Action" softkey. Before deleting the data set, the R&S ZVH shows a warning message that you need to confirm. After confirming the deletion process the R&S ZVH deletes the selected data sets from its memory.
Page 41: Updating The Firmware
2.12 Installing Firmware Options You can equip the R&S ZVH with several firmware options to enable additional operating modes or special measurements. For more information, refer to the R&S ZVH quick start guide.
Page 42: Cable And Antenna Test Mode
The figure below shows some typical defects in a transmission system. The R&S ZVH provides the necessary functionality to test the system equipment for its characteristics and identify faults when it is being installed or maintained. Each measurement provides different aspects of the test you are performing.
Page 43 AC power supply to the BIAS port 1 or use the internal bias. By default, the R&S ZVH is in cable test mode after you have turned it on. To switch to the CAT mode from another operating mode, proceed as follows.
Page 44 R&S ZVH Cable and Antenna Test Mode Installing Firmware Options Screen layout of the cable and antenna analyzer Cable model Hardware settings Marker information Status line: - S-matrix - Calibration status - Measurement format Trace window Marker (blue line) Cable length information...
Page 45: Performing Cable And Antenna Measurements
► Press the MEAS key. ► Press the "Reflection (S11)" softkey. The R&S ZVH starts the reflection measurement over its entire frequency range. The figure shows an example of a reflection measurement without any major faults in the cable or the antenna.
Page 46: Distance To Fault Measurements
The distance to fault (DTF) measurement determines the exact location of possible faults in a transmission system. If you connect the end of the cable to the R&S ZVH, the DTF measurement shows you the exact distance to the fault (in meter or feet), regardless by what the fault is caused.
Page 47: 1-Port Cable Loss Measurements
By default, the R&S ZVH evaluates the cable loss over its entire frequency range (full span of the R&S ZVH). When you reduce the span, make sure to define a span that is appropriate for the measurement, especially for high center frequencies, and consider the cable length and the wavelength of the selected center frequency.
Page 48: Transmission Measurements (R&S Zvh-K39)
Performing Cable and Antenna Measurements 3.1.4 Transmission Measurements (R&S ZVH-K39) You can equip the R&S ZVH with option R&S ZVH-K39 (order no 1309.6830.02) to enable forward transmission measurements (S21). With the forward transmission measurement you can test if a radio signal can travel through the line without losses.
Page 49: Waveguide Measurements
A test setup consists of the R&S ZVH, a waveguide and an adapter to connect the analyzer's RF input to the waveguide at its reference plane. Like other reflection measurements, the RF input also feeds a signal into the waveguide.
Page 50 R&S ZVH Cable and Antenna Test Mode Performing Cable and Antenna Measurements Configuring waveguide measurements Basically, the configuration is the same as for cable measurements. For a detailed description of the available parameters, see "Configuring Cable and Antenna Tests" on page 55.
Page 51: Selecting The Measurement Format
This format is a refined method to calculate the cable loss. When you select the format, the R&S ZVH asks you to calibrate the measurement with a short and a open. This calculation method of cable loss results in a more accurate display of the cable loss curve and helps to avoid measurement errors.
Page 52: Calibrating Measurements
Calibration also remains valid after turning off the R&S ZVH or changing into another operating mode as calibration data is saved in the internal memory of the R&S ZVH. If you save the measurement in a dataset, calibration data is part of that dataset. When you restore the dataset and perform the same measurement again, you do not have to recalibrate the R&S ZVH.
Page 53 TG power and receiver attenuation are not in line with the default settings. In that case you should perform calibration. ● (cal) The R&S ZVH uses user calibration. To get that state you have to perform either a full 1-port or a full 2-port calibration. ● (cal?) The R&S ZVH uses user calibration.
Page 54 ● Easy 1-Port Test port 1 is calibrated for measurements on that port. The calibration procedure requires no calibration standards as the R&S ZVH calibrates an open only. ● Normalize Transmission Both test ports are calibrated for transmission measurements. The calibration routine requires only a through connection.
Page 55 ► Disconnect the DUT from the RF cable. After disconnecting the DUT, the R&S ZVH is ready for calibration. ► Press the CAL key. ► Press the "Full 2-Port" softkey.
Page 56 ► Press the "Calibration" softkey. ► Select the calibration method you want to use. If the selected calibration method is not possible with R&S ZN-Z103, the R&S ZVH shows an error message (usually the case for calibration methods that require a "Through"...
Page 57: Configuring Cable And Antenna Tests
If you want to test a cable that is not listed, you can also define cable models manually, either directly on the R&S ZVH or with the "Cable Model Editor" of the R&S InstrumentView software package that is delivered with the R&S ZVH.
Page 58 R&S ZVH, you can also define the characteristics of a cable temporarily on the R&S ZVH itself. It is not possible to save these in a data set, however. They are lost as soon as you change them or load another cable model.
Page 59 ► Press the MEAS key. ► Press the "DTF Settings" softkey. ► Press the "DTF List" softkey. The R&S ZVH opens a table that lists the peaks it has found during the measurement. The table contains the following information. ●...
Page 60: Configuring The Horizontal Axis
Setting the Frequency Range for DTF Measurements In the default setting, the R&S ZVH automatically selects a center frequency of 1 GHz and a distance of 50 m. The R&S ZVH optimizes the settings for the best resolution, if you change the stop distance.
Page 61 In auto span mode, the R&S ZVH adjusts the frequency settings in order to get the best display resolution. If you have set the span manually, the R&S ZVH zooms in to the section of the cable you have defined. The results maintain their accuracy in that case.
Page 62 The minimum span for both measurements is 10 Hz, the maximum span depends on the R&S ZVH and is either 3.6 GHz (R&S ZVH4) or 8 GHz (R&S ZVH8). ► Press the FREQ/DIST key.
Page 63: Configuring The Amplitude Characteristics
The reference value defines the amplitude of the reference line. The unit of the reference is dB. The R&S ZVH indicates the position of the reference value with a yellow triangle at the vertical axis ( When you change the reference value, the R&S ZVH adjusts the labels of the vertical axis.
Page 64 0 corresponds to the top grid line and 10 corresponds to the bottom grid line. When you change the reference position, the R&S ZVH also shifts the position of the trace by the magnitude of the reference position change. It has no effect on the reference value itself.
Page 65: Configuring The Tracking Generator
Cable and Antenna Test Mode Configuring Cable and Antenna Tests 3.2.4 Configuring the Tracking Generator If your R&S ZVH features a tracking generator, you can define several characteristics of the generated signal. ► Press the SCALE/AMPT key. ► Press the "TG Power" softkey.
Page 66: Setting And Triggering The Sweep
► Enter the measurement bandwidth you want to work with. As an indicator that the BW is no longer coupled to the span, the R&S ZVH displays a red dot in front of the BW item in the hardware settings.
Page 67 3.2.5.4 Holding Measurements The measurement starts as soon as you start the R&S ZVH. As the cable and antenna tester measures continuously, the R&S ZVH provides a hold function that stops the display update and leaves room for further analysis of the measurement results.
Page 68 Configuring Cable and Antenna Tests 3.2.5.5 Working with Triggers To respond to events, the R&S ZVH has a variety of trigger functions. The trigger event can either be an external event or generated internally. ► Press the SWEEP key. ► Press the "Trigger" softkey.
Page 69: Analyzing Measurement Results
3.3 Analyzing Measurement Results 3.3.1 Working with Traces 3.3.1.1 Selecting the Trace Mode The R&S ZVH provides several trace modes. The trace mode defines the way the R&S ZVH writes the trace. For information on the trace modes see "Selecting the Trace Mode".
Page 70 3.3.1.3 Working with Memory Traces The R&S ZVH can transfer a trace to the trace memory and also display the current trace and the trace in the trace memory for comparison. The saved trace is always displayed in white to distinguish it from the current trace.
Page 71: Using Markers
Cable and Antenna Test Mode Analyzing Measurement Results 3.3.2 Using Markers The R&S ZVH has six markers, five of which can be used as either markers or delta markers. The markers cannot leave the trace and indicate the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the point they are positioned on.
Page 72 ► Press the MARKER key. The marker menu opens. If, as yet, no marker has been activated, the R&S ZVH automatically activates the main marker and positions it on the maximum level that has been measured. In addition, the marker frequency input field opens.
Page 73 ► Press the MARKER key. ► Press the "New Marker" softkey. The R&S ZVH activates a delta marker and positions it on the next maximum level that has been measured. In addition, the delta marker input field opens. The R&S ZVH adds the delta marker to the marker list and shows the marker position relative to the normal marker (M1).
Page 74 ► Press the MKR key. ► Press the "Sort Markers" softkey. The R&S ZVH sorts the markers in ascending order with marker 1 being positioned on the lowest distance. The marker values remain the same. 3.3.2.5 Removing Markers Remove markers any time you want.
Page 75 The R&S ZVH deletes all markers and delta markers. 3.3.2.6 Using Marker Search Limits The R&S ZVH allows you to use only a limited section of the trace for the "Set to Peak", "Set to Next Peak" and "Minimum" functions. ► Press the MKR key.
Page 76: Using Display And Limit Lines
R&S ZVH Cable and Antenna Test Mode Analyzing Measurement Results 3.3.3 Using Display and Limit Lines The display and limit line functionality in CAT mode is the same as that of the spectrum analyzer mode. For more information on using the display line see "Using Display...
Page 77: Working With The Measurement Wizard
To make sure that measurements are performed as required and to avoid a constant adjustment of parameters, the R&S ZVH features a measurement wizard. The measurement wizard allows you to combine several individual measurement configurations to a sequence of measurements (or measurement set).
Page 78: Preparing The Measurement
A measurement set consists of several datasets. A dataset is a file that contains the settings of a specific R&S ZVH configuration, for example frequency, scaling etc. To get hold of a dataset, set up the R&S ZVH as you need and save the configuration or use one of the predefined datasets.
Page 79 R&S ZVH Working with the Measurement Wizard Preparing the Measurement The "Wizard Settings" tab contains several setting categories. Name of the measurement set Description of the measurement task Font type for on-screen instructions (latin and some asian fonts are supported)
Page 80 In addition, you can control who is using the measurement sets by limiting its access to a particular set of R&S ZVH serial numbers only. All other devices will not be able to process these wizard files.
Page 81: Uploading Measurement Sets
4.1.2 Uploading Measurement Sets In order to perform the actual measurements, you have to upload the wizard definition file that contains the set of measurements to the R&S ZVH. ► Select the file transfer workspace ("Instrument" ► "File Transfer"). ► Select the measurement set you want to upload.
Page 82: Using The Measurement Wizard
Working with the Measurement Wizard Using the Measurement Wizard 4.2 Using the Measurement Wizard Now that the measurement set is available on the R&S ZVH you can start performing measurements. 4.2.1 Starting the Measurement Wizard ► Press the WIZARD key.
Page 83 Calibration method to use before the measurement starts. This is a read only field, the calibration method has to be defined with R&S InstrumentView. You have to calibrate the R&S ZVH before you can begin with the measurement sequence defined in the wizard. If the R&S ZVH has already been calibrated with the defined routine prior to starting the wizard, the R&S ZVH skips the calibration...
Page 84: Performing A Sequence Of Measurements
► Press the "Start Meas Set" softkey. If you have not yet calibrated the R&S ZVH for the measurement, it asks you to perform the calibration routine. The stages of the calibration depend on the defined calibration routine.
Page 85 This feature is available when you turn on "Prompt User to Change Cable Settings" in the "Wizard Set Editor" of the R&S InstrumentView software. When this function is on, the R&S ZVH asks you to select new cable characteristics during the preparation of a measurement.
Page 86 The syntax is 'sitename_measurement_#'. The R&S ZVH adds numbers in ascending order to files as well as directories if you perform a measurement or measurement set more than once. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 87: Evaluating Results
► Select the "Report Generator" function. The R&S ZVH opens a dialog box to select the measurement set(s) to download. ► Select the measurement set you want to download. ► Copy the files you want to include in the report with the "Add" button.
Page 88: Spectrum Analyzer Mode (R&S Zvh-K1)
Spectrum Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K1) Performing Spectrum Measurements 5 Spectrum Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K1) If you equip the R&S ZVH with firmware option R&S ZVH-K1, you are able to perform spectrum measurements. This measurement mode provides the functionality to perform e.g. channel power measurements.
Page 89: Measuring The Channel Power Of Continuously Modulated Signals
When measuring the spectrum within a channel, the R&S ZVH uses a resolution bandwidth that is small compared to the channel bandwidth. It then determines the total power of the channel by integrating the results on the trace. The R&S ZVH takes the following parameters into account: ●...
Page 90 You can create and edit standards with the R&S InstrumentView software and transfer them to the R&S ZVH via the USB or the LAN interface. The number of standards the R&S ZVH can store in its memory depends on the number of other data sets stored on the R&S ZVH.
Page 91 The R&S ZVH opens an input field to specify the channel bandwidth. ► Enter the channel bandwidth you need. The R&S ZVH sets the appropriate span for the channel bandwidth that you have entered (span = 1.2 x channel bandwidth). This ensures that no incorrect channel power measurements are made.
Page 92 The power display returns to "Power" display. 5.1.2.6 Unit for Power Display The R&S ZVH can apply different units to the power output. The default unit is dBm. ► Press the MEAS key. ► Press the "Power Unit" softkey. ► Select the unit you want from the submenu.
Page 93: Measuring The Occupied Bandwidth
If you need another percentage for the occupied bandwidth you can set values from 10 % to 99.9 %. After entering the channel bandwidth, the R&S ZVH automatically selects the measurement parameters so that you can attain the best result.
Page 94 You can create and edit standards with the R&S InstrumentView software and transfer them to the R&S ZVH via the USB or the LAN interface. The number of standards the R&S ZVH can store in its memory depends on the number of other data sets stored on the R&S ZVH.
Page 95 The R&S ZVH opens an input field to specify the channel bandwidth. ► Enter the channel bandwidth you need. The R&S ZVH sets the appropriate span for the channel bandwidth that you have entered (span = 5 x channel bandwidth). This ensures that no incorrect channel power measurements are made.
Page 96 5.1.3.5 Changing the Span Usually, the span the R&S ZVH sets yields optimal results. But sometimes you also need to see the spectrum outside the current span to detect other signal components that you need to include in the measurement. Therefore, you can adjust the span to up to ten times the channel bandwidth and still be able to see the spectrum outside the measurement channel.
Page 97: Power Measurements On Tdma Signals
► Press the "Meas Mode" softkey. The R&S ZVH opens the measurement menu. ► Select the "TDMA Power" menu item. The R&S ZVH starts to measure the TDMA power. Two vertical lines define the measurement range. Screen layout for TDMA power measurements...
Page 98 You can create and edit standards with the R&S InstrumentView software and transfer them to the R&S ZVH via the USB or the LAN interface. The number of standards the R&S ZVH can store in its memory depends on the number of other data sets stored on the R&S ZVH.
Page 99 Usually you will apply a trigger when measuring bursts. If a trigger is active, the R&S ZVH uses the video trigger for TDMA measurements by default. The video trigger level is at 50 % of the range of the vertical axis but is variable.
Page 100: Measuring The Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (Aclr)
12 carrier channels and 12 adjacent channels to either side of the carrier. When measuring more than one carrier or adjacent channels, the R&S ZVH shows the powers of each channel in a list below the marker list. The channel itself is marked by red (transmission channels) or green (adjacent channels) vertical lines.
Page 101 WCDMA, cdmaOne and CDMA2000 1x systems). However, you can also customize the settings to set up the R&S ZVH for other radio communication standards. You can define the settings directly on the R&S ZVH or define and manage them using the R&S InstrumentView software.
Page 102 The adjacent-channel power would thus be measured too high. If the RBW is automatically calculated by the R&S ZVH with the "Auto RBW" function, the RBW is calculated as follows: RBW ≤...
Page 103 You can create and edit standards with the R&S InstrumentView software and transfer them to the R&S ZVH via the USB or the LAN interface. The number of standards the R&S ZVH can store in its memory depends on the number of other data sets stored on the R&S ZVH.
Page 104 The minimum channel bandwidth that you can set is 833 Hz at a span of 1 kHz. Setting the channel spacing In case of the R&S ZVH, the channel spacing is defined as the distance between the center frequency of the transmission channel and the center frequency to the next transmission channel or the distance between the center frequency of the transmission channel and the center frequency of the adjacent channel.
Page 105 Adjacent Channel (ADJ). All others are called Alternate Channels (ALT1 to ALT11). By default, the R&S ZVH assumes that the distance of the adjacent channels to each other is the same. In that case, you only have to enter the first spacing value. The R&S ZVH then calculates all higher adjacent channels from that value.
Page 106 ► Press the "Channel Settings" softkey. ► Select the "Channel Pwr/Hz" menu item. The R&S ZVH activates normalization and switches the unit from dBm to dBm/Hz. The channel power density in dBm/Hz corresponds to the power inside a bandwidth of 1 Hz and is calculated as follows: channel power density = channel power - log10(channel bandwidth) 5.1.5.4...
Page 107 The channel turns green and the check box in the first column is marked. ► Enter the limit value you need. The R&S ZVH automatically activates the check flag, so that the limit is included in future limit checks. ► To deactivate the limit check for a specific channel, move the cursor to the channel in question with the rotary knob or the cursor keys and deselect it with the "Select"...
Page 108 R&S ZVH Spectrum Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K1) Performing Spectrum Measurements Performing a limit check ► Press the "Channel Settings" softkey. ► Select the "Check Channel Limits" menu item. The R&S ZVH automatically performs limit checks. The results of the limit check are displayed in the table above the trace. If a result fails the limit check, it turns red and has a star (*) in front of its power level.
Page 109: Measuring The Spectrum Emission Mask
The spectrum emission mask (SEM) measurement is a method to detect spurious emissions or intermodulation products of a signal. When performing a SEM measurement, the R&S ZVH checks the signal against a spectral mask to see whether the signal complies with a specific standard or not. Therefore, the R&S ZVH provides predefined spectrum emission masks for various telecomunications standards.
Page 110 You can create and edit standards with the R&S InstrumentView software and transfer them to the R&S ZVH via the USB or the LAN interface. The number of standards the R&S ZVH can store in its memory depends on the number of other data sets stored on the R&S ZVH.
Page 111 Performing Spectrum Measurements 5.1.6.2 Optimizing Measurement Settings After selecting the standard and applying the signal to the R&S ZVH, you can optimize measurement settings to avoid overloading the R&S ZVH. ► Press the "Adjust Settings" softkey. The R&S ZVH performs a measurement to determine the ideal reference level ans span..
Page 112 R&S ZVH Spectrum Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K1) Performing Spectrum Measurements ● Power Abs Absolute peak power in the corresponding frequency range. ● Power Rel Relative peak power in relation to the channel power of the reference channel. ● Δ Limit Minimum distance from the limit line to the trace in the corresponding frequency range.
Page 113: Measuring The Harmonic Distortion
You can perform a harmonic distortion measurement in frequency sweep (span > 0) and zero span mode (span = 0). When starting the measurement, the R&S ZVH looks for the first harmonic of the signal (= the highest signal) in the defined frequency range.
Page 114 (THD) and shows the results in a box above the trace diagram. The values are output in % as well as dB. If you want to see more than one harmonic, the R&S ZVH can show up to six harmonics.
Page 115: Measuring The Am Modulation Depth
After you have started the measurement, the R&S ZVH places three markers on the trace. The first marker is placed on the peak power level. The R&S ZVH assumes that position as the level of the carrier. The second and third markers are delta markers.
Page 116 When the powers of the two AM side bands are not the same, the R&S ZVH uses the mean value of the two sideband values. If the R&S ZVH is unable to find any AM modulated a carriers, it shows the message 5.1.8.1 Setting a Threshold You can set a threshold that defines the minimum power level the signal must have.
Page 117: Measuring Spurious Emissions
The spurious emission measurement is a tool to monitor unwanted emissions in the frequency spectrum outside of an assigned channel (carrier). When performing a spurious emission measurement, the R&S ZVH checks the spectrum that you have defined against a limit line to see whether the signal complies with a specific standard or not.
Page 118 ► Press the MEAS key. ► Press the "Carrier Start" softkey. The R&S ZVH opens an input field to define the lower frequency of the channel. ► Press the "Carrier Stop" softkey. The R&S ZVH opens an input field to define the upper frequency of the channel.
Page 119 The spurious list contains the following information for each range. ● Frequency range Start and stop frequencies of the range. ● Resolution bandwidth that the R&S ZVH uses within that range. ● Peak Frequency Frequency at which the peak power has been measured in a particular range. ●...
Page 120: Working With The Spectrogram Result Display (R&S Zvh-K14)
The result is therefore a two dimensional diagram. The color the R&S ZVH assigns to a power level that was measured depends on: ● the color table you have selected ●...
Page 121 The spectrogram starts running as soon as you enter the spectrogram mode, if you are in continuous sweep mode. If you are in single sweep mode, the R&S ZVH does not add a line to the spectrogram until you initiate the next single sweep.
Page 122 ► Press the "Spectrogram Settings" softkey. ► Select the "[ ] Spectrogram Full Screen" menu item. The R&S ZVH now uses the full diagram area of the screen for the spectrogram. The number of lines in the spectrogram and therefore the displayed time period more than doubles.
Page 123 5.1.10.3 Configuring the Display As colors are an important part of the spectrogram, the R&S ZVH offers various ways to customize the display for best viewing results. The first and most obvious way to configure the display is to select a different color scheme.
Page 124 -60 dBm. ► Enter the reference level you need. The R&S ZVH now shifts the reference level of the spectrogram to the value you have entered. Note that the spectrogram reference level does not affect the spectrum result display, as well as the spectrum reference level ("Amplitude"...
Page 125 The R&S ZVH will then display the signal parts that are above the reference level in only one color, which is the color at the upper border of the color map.
Page 126 Recalling a previously stored spectrogram ► Press the "Recall Spectrogram" softkey. The R&S ZVH opens a dialog box to select a file that contains the spectrogram data. The file extension for spectrogram data is *.spm. ► Select the file you need.
Page 127 ► Press the "Select Time Line" softkey. The R&S ZVH opens an input field to define the position of the first time line (T1). ► Position the time line by entering a number or moving it with the rotary knob.
Page 128 The R&S ZVH switches back to performing live measurements. Long time spectrograms The R&S ZVH can record spectrogram data up to 999 hours (although the maximum time actually depends on the measurement settings and available storage space). ► Press the SETUP key.
Page 129 ● Recording Speed: Selects if the spectrogram measurement time is defined automatically by the R&S ZVH or manually. In the latter case, define the measurement time with the "Manual Recording Interval" menu item (Example: a spectrogram line is added every 100 ms).
Page 130 R&S ZVH Spectrum Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K1) Performing Spectrum Measurements ● Position markers in the spectrogram via the "Show" menu and the "Measurement” panel on the right side of the user interface. ● Configure markers via the "Setup" panel on the right side of the user interface.
Page 131: Using Isotropic Antennas
9 kHz and 6 GHz. Test setup The test setup consists of an R&S ZVH and one of the isotropic antennas. The necessary cables are provided with the antennas. ► Connect the RF cable with the N coaxial connector to the RF input (port 1).
Page 132 ► Press the "Transducer" softkey. ► Select the "Select Secondary Transducer" menu item. The R&S ZVH opens a dialog box to select transducer factors with the unit dB. ► Select the transducer factor for the extension cable. ► Confirm the selection with the "Select" softkey.
Page 133: Configuring Spectrum Measurements
► Press the FREQ/DIST key. The R&S ZVH opens the frequency menu. When you press the FREQ/DIST key, the R&S ZVH automatically opens an input field to define the center frequency. If the input field is inactive, you can open it with the "Center Freq"...
Page 134 The R&S ZVH adjusts the step size accordingly. If you set the step size to 10% of the span or to the center frequency, the R&S ZVH sets the step size internally. Manually defining the step size opens an input field to define the step size.
Page 135 R&S ZVH4: 10 Hz to 3.6 GHz ● R&S ZVH8: 10 Hz to 8 GHz If you set a span of 0 Hz (zero span), the R&S ZVH performs measurements in the time domain. ► Press the FORMAT/SPAN key. When you press the FORMAT/SPAN key, the R&S ZVH automatically opens an input field to define the span.
Page 136 ► Press the FORMAT/SPAN key. ► Press the "Zero Span" softkey. The R&S ZVH sets a span of 0 Hz and performs the measurement in the time domain. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 137: Configuring The Vertical Axis
"Ref Level" softkey. ► Enter the reference level you require. If you change the reference level, the R&S ZVH adjusts the position of the trace as you make the changes. By default, the reference level corresponds to the grid line at the top of the diagram.
Page 138 The display range determines the scaling or resolution of the vertical axis. In the default state, the display range is a logarithmic scaling over a 100 dB. This corresponds to 10 dB per grid division. The R&S ZVH provides other display ranges that either increase or decrease the resolution of the vertical axis.
Page 139 The R&S ZVH open an input field to ► Enter the offset you need. The R&S ZVH includes the offset in the measurement. To indicate an offset other than 0, the R&S ZVH puts a red dot at the "Ref:" hardware setting ( 5.2.2.5 Setting the RF Attenuation RF attenuation adjusts the input range inside the analyzer.
Page 140 To increase the input sensitivity, the R&S ZVH provides an integrated 20 dB preamplifier after the input mixer. In the default state of the R&S ZVH, the preamplifer is turned off. If you want to measure signals with low powers, you can turn it on.
Page 141 In the default state, the input impedance is 50 Ω. The R&S ZVH can also handle 75 Ω systems. The R&S ZVH does not select a 75 Ω RF input per se. Instead it selects a 75 Ω matching pad connected at the RF input. The 50/75 Ω...
Page 142: Setting Bandwidths
9. If you reduce the bandwidth by a factor of 10, the sweep time goes up by a factor of 100. The R&S ZVH has resolution bandwidths from 1 Hz to 3 MHz in a 1-3-10 sequence. Additionally, the R&S ZVH provides a 200 kHz resolution bandwidth that you have to select and enter manually.
Page 143 The R&S ZVH uses the resolution bandwidth you have entered for the measurement. If the resolution bandwidth is no longer coupled to the span, the R&S ZVH puts a red dot at the "RBW" hardware setting ( ► Press the "Auto RBW" softkey to again couple the resolution bandwidth to the span.
Page 144 The R&S ZVH provides video bandwidths from 1 Hz to 3 MHz in a 1-3-10 sequence. In its default state, the video bandwidth is coupled to the resolution bandwidth and is the same as the resolution bandwidth.
Page 145: Configuring And Triggering The Sweep
The sweep time is the time it takes the R&S ZVH to get the results that are contained in one trace. In the frequency domain (span > 0), the sweep time is the time it takes the R&S ZVH to measure the spectrum in the specified span. To avoid the display of spurs in the spectrum, the sweep time has to meet some conditions.
Page 146 If you have to perform measurements according to certain signal conditions, you can use a trigger. A trigger responds to certain events. If a trigger is active, the R&S ZVH starts to measure if the trigger conditions are met. The trigger can be generated either externally or internally.
Page 147 ● Gated trigger When the gated trigger is active, a gate signal that is applied to the R&S ZVH trigger input controls the sweep. The R&S ZVH starts measuring when the applied gate signal becomes active and the set gate delay has expired, and it interrupts the measurement as soon as the defined gate length is reached.
Page 148 ► Select the "Trace Video" menu item. The R&S ZVH opens an input field to define the trigger level. ► Enter the trigger level. The R&S ZVH shows the trigger level by adding a horizontal line to the diagram area. Performing Gated Sweeps When the external trigger is active, it is possible to perform a gated sweep.
Page 149 ► Press the "Trigger" softkey. ► Select the "Gate Settings" menu item. The R&S ZVH opens a softkey submenu to control the gate settings. At the same time, the R&S ZVH switches into time domain, as indicated in the display.
Page 150 ► Turn on the I/Q capture mode. ► Define a sample rate. The sample rate defines the number of I/Q samples that the R&S ZVH captures in one second. The maximum sample rate is 38.4 MHz. The sample rate also defines the analysis bandwidth: Analysis BW = 0.8 * sample rate.
Page 151: Working With Traces
5.2.5 Working with Traces The trace menu contains all functions available to customize the trace display. 5.2.5.1 Selecting the Trace Mode The R&S ZVH provides several trace modes. The trace mode defines the way the R&S ZVH writes the trace. ● Clear/Write In its default state, the R&S ZVH overwrites the trace after each sweep.
Page 152 ► Select the trace mode you want to work with. If you have selected the average trace mode ("Average: 10" menu item), the R&S ZVH opens an input field to set the number of sweeps the R&S ZVH includes in the averaging.
Page 153 ● Sample If the sample detector is active, the R&S ZVH shows one random power level that was measured in the frequency range covered by a pixel. The sample detector is useful for measurements in the time domain (span = 0 Hz) as it provides the only way to represent the timing of the video signal correctly.
Page 154 ► Press the "Select Trace" softkey. Trace 1 becomes the active trace. You can put both traces into the internal memory of the R&S ZVH and restore them later. Note that the memory trace 1 and memory trace 2 have the same color (i.e.
Page 155 5.2.5.4 Working with Memory Traces You can save the image of both traces to the memory of the R&S ZVH and later restore it and compare it to a live trace. The memory trace is always colored white to distinguish it from the live trace.
Page 156: Using Markers
(absolute or relative). To stabilize the noise power display, the R&S ZVH uses the pixel the marker is on and four pixels to the right and four pixels to the left of the marker pixel.
Page 157 With the frequency counter, however, you can get a more accurate result of the horizontal marker position. If the frequency counter is active, the R&S ZVH stops the measurement at the marker position for a short time and measures the frequency using the internal reference frequency.
Page 158 ► Press the "Marker Function" softkey. ► Select the "n dB Down" menu item The R&S ZVH displays two temporary markers on the left and on the right of the reference marker M1. It also shows the bandwidth between the n dB down markers.
Page 159 The R&S ZVH opens an input field to define the demodulation time. ► Enter the demodulation time you need. The range is from 100 ms to 500 s. In time domain the R&S ZVH demodulates continuously, i.e. the demodulation time is not relevant.
Page 160: Using Display Lines
► Press the LINES key. ► Press the "Display Line" softkey. The R&S ZVH displays the display line as a blue horizontal line. It shows the vertical position of the line in a table above the diagram area. When you activate the display line, the R&S ZVH also opens an input field to define the vertical position of the line.
Page 161: Using Limit Lines
Before selecting a limit line, you need to decide if you want to use it as an upper or lower limit line. In case of upper limit lines, the R&S ZVH checks if the signal is above the limit line. In case of lower limit lines, the R&S ZVH checks if the signal is below the limit line.
Page 162 ► Select one of the available limit lines. ► Press the "Select" softkey. The R&S ZVH activates the limit line. In the diagram, the limit line is displayed as a red line. If you have already selected a limit line, you can turn the limit line on and off with the "Limits On/Off"...
Page 163 ► Select the "Audio Beep" menu item. An [X] in front of the "Audio Beep" menu item indicates that the beeper is active. If the audio beep is active, the R&S ZVH beeps each time a limit is violated. Limit violation Note that a limit check fails only if the signal exceeds the limit line.
Page 164: Working With Channel Tables
The R&S ZVH already comes with an assortment of channel tables that you can use without doing anything. If you want to test transmission standards that are not listed, you can also build channel tables manually with the "Channel Table Editor"...
Page 165: Using Transducer Factors
● W/m2 The unit dB does not change the unit set on the R&S ZVH. It can be used, for instance, to compensate for frequency-dependent loss and gain at the input of the R&S ZVH. The units dBµV/m and dBµA/m convert the output power of an antenna into electric or magnetic field strength.
Page 166: Unit For Measurements With Transducers
If the unit of the transducer is dBµV/m or dBµA/m, this unit is also used for the R&S ZVH level display. This means that both the level axis of the diagram and the level at the marker position are assigned the unit of the transducer. If dBµV/m is selected as the transducer unit, a switch to absolute level indication in V/m is possible.
Page 167: Frequency Range Of Transducer
R&S ZVH assumes the transducer values outside the defined range to be zero. 5.4.4 Data Sets Containing Transducer Factors The R&S ZVH stores data sets together with any transducer factors that may have been active for the measurement in question. When such a dataset is recalled, the associated transducer factor(s) are switched on as well.
Page 168: Power Meter (R&S Zvh-K9)
R&S ZVH and perform measurements. 6.1 Using a Power Sensor The power sensor function turns the R&S ZVH into a wideband power meter. It then always measures the power of the whole signal in the frequency range of the power sensor.
Page 169 If you are using one of the NRP power sensors you also need a passive USB adapter (R&S NRP-Z4) to connect the power sensor to the R&S ZVH. For more information on the characteristics of the supported power sensors see ●...
Page 170: Connecting A Power Sensor
R&S NRP product line are controlled via the USB interface with a passive USB adapter. After connecting the power sensor to the R&S ZVH, you can connect the DUT to the N- connector of the power sensor. Risk of damage to the power sensor Before you start to work with the power sensor, make sure that the continuous power applied to the input of the power sensor does not exceed a certain level.
Page 171: Performing And Configuring Measurements
Hence, measurement results are the most accurate for signals whose frequency you know. Note that the R&S ZVH maintains the center frequency that you have set in another operating mode. In that case it uses that frequency as the power sensor frequency.
Page 172 The R&S ZVH adjusts the result display accordingly. Setting the reference level If you have selected the unit dB Rel, the R&S ZVH opens an input field to set the reference level. The R&S ZVH shows the currently set reference level in the diagram header.
Page 173 At high powers that cause the power sensor maximum input level to be exceeded or at very low levels that are below the R&S ZVH minimum sensitivity, the R&S ZVH can take additional loss or gain between the DUT and the power sensor into account.
Page 174: Using A Directional Power Sensor
● R&S FSH-Z44 With a directional power sensor, the R&S ZVH measures the power of a signal from source to load (forward power) and from load to source (reverse power). The ratio of forward and reverse power is a measure of the load matching. The R&S ZVH displays the results as the return loss or the standing wave ratio.
Page 175: Connecting A Directional Power Sensor
(= in the direction of the power flux). If the R&S ZVH recognizes a power sensor, it sets up a connection via the interface and after a few seconds shows the results. It displays the type of the power sensor in the display header.
Page 176: Performing And Configuring Measurements
Risk of skin burns and / or damage to the R&S ZVH Measuring high powers may lead to skin burns and / or damage to the R&S ZVH. You can avoid it by: ●...
Page 177 Setting the reference level If you have selected the unit dB Rel for the forward power, the R&S ZVH opens an input field to set the reference level. The R&S ZVH shows the currently set reference level in the diagram header.
Page 178 (see above) into the R&S ZVH to ensure true measured power readout. In both cases, a termination or an attenuator of sufficient power-handling capacity has to be connected to the power sensor at the load end.
Page 179: Using The Internal Power Meter (R&S Zvh-K19)
6.3 Using the Internal Power Meter (R&S ZVH-K19) The R&S ZVH also supports power measurements without using a power sensor. In that case, you can connect the DUT directly to the R&S ZVH and still perform accurate channel power measurements.
Page 180: Performing Pulse Power Measurements (R&S Zvh-K29)
► Press the MODE key. ► Press the "Power Meter" softkey. Connecting the power sensor You can connect the wideband power sensors to the USB port of the R&S ZVH. For more information see "Connecting a Power Sensor" on page 168.
Page 181 R&S ZVH Power Meter (R&S ZVH-K9) Performing Pulse Power Measurements (R&S ZVH-K29) Connected power sensor model Header table showing various hardware settings Marker table Numerical results showing the pulse characteristics Diagram showing the pulse characteristics in a graphical format (trace display)
Page 182: Configuring The Numerical Result Display
R&S ZVH Power Meter (R&S ZVH-K9) Performing Pulse Power Measurements (R&S ZVH-K29) Description Pulse characteristic Time that the pulse remains at the top level ("ON"). This is the time between the first positive edge and the subsequent negative Pulse Width edge of the pulse in seconds, where the edges occur at crossings of the mid threshold.
Page 183: Configuring The Power Vs Time Result Display
Power Meter (R&S ZVH-K9) Performing Pulse Power Measurements (R&S ZVH-K29) 6.4.2 Configuring the Power vs Time Result Display The R&S ZVH allows you to configure several aspects of the power vs time result display and the way the pulse is measured. 6.4.2.1...
Page 184 R&S ZVH Power Meter (R&S ZVH-K9) Performing Pulse Power Measurements (R&S ZVH-K29) The "Reference Power" is required to calculate the pulse width, its start time and its stop time. ► Press the MEAS key. ► Press the "Ref Power Config" softkey.
Page 185 ► Select the detector you prefer. 6.4.2.4 Triggering Measurements In its default state, the R&S ZVH starts a measurement on completion of the previous measurement ("Free Run" measurements). However, you can also perform triggered measurements with the power sensor. When you choose to do so, the trigger event (the moment when the actual measurement starts) is either a rising slope in the signal or a falling slope ("Positive"...
Page 186 Performing Pulse Power Measurements (R&S ZVH-K29) 6.4.2.5 Selecting the Result Unit In the pulse measurement application, the R&S ZVH can display measured power in relative units (dBm) or in absolute units (W). ► Press the AMPT key. ► Press the "Unit" softkey.
Page 187: Network Analyzer Mode (R&S Zvh-K42)
The network analyzer mode provides the functionality to characterize networks with one or two ports. All R&S ZVH models already have a tracking generator and VSWR bridge that are necessary to use the network analyzer. The network analyzer mode becomes available if you equip the R&S ZVH with firmware option R&S ZVH-K42 (order no 1309.6846.02).
Page 188 Defining the output level of the tracking generator The tracking generator generates a signal at the current R&S ZVH frequency. The nominal output level of the signal is adjustable from 0 dBm to -40 dBm in steps of 1 dB.
Page 189: Calibrating Measurements
Calibrating Measurements 7.1 Calibrating Measurements In its default state, the R&S ZVH uses factory calibration. Factory calibration is a full 2- port calibration over the complete frequency range of the R&S ZVH model. When factory calibration is active, the status line reads .
Page 190 Selecting a calibration kit To avoid phase errors, you have to define the characteristics of the calibration kit you'd like to use and then select the calibration kit in use. The R&S ZVH then corrects the measurement results accordingly. You can either use one of the calibration kits specifically designed for use with the R&S ZVH, e.g.
Page 191 R&S FSH-Z28 or -Z29. The electrical length of the "Open" and "Short" of the R&S ZVH calibration kits is 5.27 mm. If the electrical length is different, it may cause additional phase error.
Page 192 ► Press the "Calibration" softkey. ► Select the calibration method you want to use. If the selected calibration method is not possible with R&S ZN-Z103, the R&S ZVH shows an error message (usually the case for calibration methods that require a "Through"...
Page 193: Performing Scalar Measurements
► Connect the output of the DUT to the RF input (port 1). Preset the R&S ZVH Before starting the measurement procedure, preset the R&S ZVH to restore the default configuration and connect the filter between the measurement ports. ► Press the PRESET key.
Page 194 "Performing Calibration". ► Reconnect the DUT. The R&S ZVH shows the results of the scalar transmission measurement on the filter. You can change the measurement configuration (e.g. select another sweep time or detector) without affecting the accuracy of the measurement except the frequency parameters and attenuation.
Page 195: Measuring The Reflection
2060 MHz and a bandwidth of about 11 MHz. You can skip the preset, scalar measurement selection and frequency settings if you have already set up the R&S ZVH for the measurement. You can also skip the calibration, if you have performed the appropriate calibration already.
Page 196 "Performing Calibration". ► Reconnect the DUT. The R&S ZVH shows the results of the scalar reflection measurement on the filter. You can change the measurement configuration (e.g. select another sweep time or detector) without affecting the accuracy of the measurement except the frequency parameters and attenuation.
Page 197: Performing Vector Measurements
Network Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K42) Performing Vector Measurements 7.3 Performing Vector Measurements If you equip the R&S ZVH with option R&S ZVH-K42, vector measurements become available. Unlike scalar measurements, vector measurements also measure the phase characteristics of a DUT. Vector measurements also have a higher dynamic range and accuracy because of the advanced calibration methods that vector measurements provide.
Page 198: Measuring The Transmission
► Connect the output of the DUT to the RF input (port 1). Preset the R&S ZVH Before starting the measurement procedure, preset the R&S ZVH to restore the default configuration and connect the filter between the measurement ports. ► Press the PRESET key.
Page 199 ► Press the CAL key. ► Select the appropriate calibration. ► Perform calibration. For more information see "Performing Calibration". ► Reconnect the DUT. The R&S ZVH shows the results of the vector transmission measurement on the filter. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 200 Note that for calibration to remain valid, frequency parameters, bandwidth and attenuation have to remain the same. Depending on the calibration method, you can also select other result displays (e.g. reflection measurements) without having to recalibrate the R&S ZVH. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 201: Measuring The Reflection
You can skip the preset, vector measurement selection and frequency settings if you have already set up the R&S ZVH for the measurement. You can also skip the calibration, if you have performed the appropriate calibration already.
Page 202 ► Select the appropriate calibration (calibration on one or two ports). ► Perform calibration. For more information see "Performing Calibration". ► Reconnect the DUT. The R&S ZVH shows the results of the vector reflection measurement on the filter. You can change the measurement configuration (e.g. the sweep time or detector) or format (e.g.
Page 203: Evaluating The Results
The horizontal axis represents the measured frequency range. In the default state, the R&S ZVH shows the phase only from -200° to +200°. In that case, the R&S ZVH displays measurement results correctly only if the phase difference between two adjacent test points is less than 180°.
Page 204 R&S ZVH Network Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K42) Evaluating the Results VSWR Shows the (voltage) standing wave ratio of the DUT. The VSWR is the ratio of the maximum to the minimum voltage that occur in an electrical transmission line. It is a measure of the reflected power at the input of the DUT.
Page 205 If you are displaying measurement results in a Smith chart (available for vector reflection measurements), the R&S ZVH provides several special functionality. ► Press the FORMAT/SPAN key. ► Press the "Smith Chart" softkey. The R&S ZVH shows the reflection of the DUT in the Smith chart. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 206 Zooming the Smith chart To take a better look at the results, you can zoom and enlarge a particular part of the Smitch chart. The R&S ZVH provides a 2x, 4x and 8x zoom. ► Press the SCALE/AMPT key. ► Press the "Zoom" softkey.
Page 207 Shows the real and imaginary components of the standardized admittance. ► Press the MARKER key. The R&S ZVH activates a marker and opens the marker softkey menu. Like usual traces, you can move the marker around with the rotary knob or the cursor keys, or enter a specific marker position.
Page 208 ► Press the TRACE key. ► Press the "Split Screen" softkey. The R&S ZVH splits the screen. The upper screen shows trace 1, the bottom screen shows trace 2. You can configure some aspects of the diagram independently, like y-axis scale or displayed measurement format.
Page 209 ► To activate trace 2, press the "Select Trace" softkey in the trace menu. When pressing the "Select Trace" softkey, the R&S ZVH switches between trace 1 and 2. The trace indicator shows the currently active trace: After selecting trace 2, you can set the measurement parameters for trace 2, while the first trace is passive.
Page 210: Configuring The Vertical Axis
Changing the reference value works like an attenuation or gain in that it moves the trace to another level. The R&S ZVH adjusts the scale of the vertical axis accordingly. The R&S ZVH indicates the value and position of the current reference value with a triangle at the vertical axis ( ).
Page 211 Automatic scaling of the vertical axis All measurement formats except the Smith chart feature an automatic scale function. If you use automatic scaling, the R&S ZVH automatically sets the display range in a way that the trace best fits on the display.
Page 212: Using Markers
► Press the "Signal Standard" softkey. ► Select the signal path you need from the menu. The R&S ZVH opens the list of channel tables loaded into the R&S ZVH via R&S InstrumentView. ► Select the channel table you need.
Page 213: Using Limit Lines
You can create and edit limit lines with the R&S InstrumentView software and load them into the R&S ZVH via the USB or the LAN interface. The number of limit lines the R&S ZVH can store in its memory depends on the number of other data sets on the R&S ZVH.
Page 214: Vector Voltmeter (R&S Zvh-K45)
Vector Voltmeter (R&S ZVH-K45) 7.5 Vector Voltmeter (R&S ZVH-K45) With firmware option R&S ZVH-K45 (order no. 1304.5658.02) you can use a R&S ZVH with tracking generator and VSWR bridge as a vector voltmeter. A vector voltmeter performs reflection (S11) and transmission measurements (S21).
Page 215: Calibrating Measurements
R&S ZVH Network Analyzer Mode (R&S ZVH-K42) Vector Voltmeter (R&S ZVH-K45) 7.5.1 Calibrating Measurements To get the best and most accurate results, you have to calibrate the measurement. The reflection and transmission measurement of the vector voltmeter each have their own calibration procedures.
Page 216: Performing Measurements
Before calibrating the measurement, you should define the frequency parameters to avoid interpolation of the results. ► Press the FREQ/DIST key. The R&S ZVH opens an input field to set the center frequency. ► Enter a frequency of 1950 MHz. 7.5.2.1 Performing Transmission Measurements Calibrate the measurement for transmission measurements.
Page 217: Evaluating The Results
► Perform calibration. For more information see "Performing Calibration". ► Reconnect the DUT. The R&S ZVH shows the characteristics of the DUT (magnitude and phase) as numerical values. Note that for calibration to remain valid, frequency parameters, bandwidth and attenuation have to remain the same.
Page 218 ► Press the MEAS key. ► Press the "Ref" softkey. The R&S ZVH saves the results that it got prior to pressing the softkey as the reference result for future measurements.
Page 219: Menu And Softkey Overview
General functions are those that are available for all operating modes. 8.1.1 General R&S ZVH Setup The SETUP key opens the setup menu that contains functionality to set up the R&S ZVH in general and functionality to set up the measurement. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 220: File Management
The SAVE/RECALL key opens the file manager that contains functionality to manage datasets and other files. 8.1.3 Operating Mode Selection The MODE key opens the mode menu that contains functionality to select the operating mode of the R&S ZVH. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 221: Functions Of The Cable And Antenna Analyzer
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Cable and Antenna Analyzer 8.2 Functions of the Cable and Antenna Analyzer This sections contains all softkeys and menus that are available in cable and antenna test operating mode. 8.2.1 Frequency and Distance Parameters The FREQ/DIST key opens the frequency menu that contains functionality to set up the horizontal axis of the measurement diagram.
Page 222: Sweep Configuration
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Cable and Antenna Analyzer 8.2.3 Sweep Configuration The SWEEP/BW key opens the sweep menu that contains functionality to set up and trigger the sweep. 8.2.4 Markers The MARKER and MKR keys open the marker menu and marker to menu that contain functionality to use markers.
Page 223: Measurement Selection And Configuration
The MEAS key opens the measurement menu that contains functionality to select and configure the measurement. Transmission S21 is available only if you have installed option R&S ZVH-K39. 8.2.6 Measurement Format Selection The FORMAT/SPAN key opens the span menu that contains functionality to select the measurement format.
Page 224: Functions Of The Spectrum Analyzer (R&S Zvh-K1)
This section contains all softkeys and menus that are available in spectrum analyzer mode. 8.3.1 Measurement Selection The MEAS key opens the measurement menu that contains functionality to select and configure the measurement. The spectrogram is available only if you have installed option R&S ZVH-K14. Channel Power Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 225 R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Spectrum Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K1) Occupied Bandwith TDMA Power Spectrum Emission Mask Spurious Emission Harmonic Distortion AM Modulation Depth Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 226: Frequency Parameters
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Spectrum Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K1) Spectrogram Spectrogram Playback 8.3.2 Frequency Parameters The FREQ/DIST key opens the frequency menu that contains functionality to set up the horizontal axis of the measurement diagram. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 227: Span Selection
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Spectrum Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K1) 8.3.3 Span Selection The FORMAT/SPAN key opens the span menu that contains functionality to set the span. 8.3.4 Amplitude Parameters The SCALE/AMPT key opens the amplitude menu that contains functionality to set up the vertical axis of the measurement diagram.
Page 228: Trace Functionality
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Spectrum Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K1) 8.3.6 Trace Functionality The TRACE key opens the trace menu that contains functionality to set up the traces. 8.3.7 Display and Limit Lines The LINES key opens a menu that contains the functionality to control display and limit lines.
Page 229 R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Spectrum Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K1) Softkeys in the Marker To Menu Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 230: Functions Of The Network Analyzer (R&S Zvh-K42)
This section contains all softkeys and menus that are available in network analyzer mode. Vector network analyzer functionality is available only with option R&S ZVH-K42. 8.4.1 Measurement Configuration The MEAS key opens the measurement menu that contains functionality to select and configure the measurement.
Page 231: Amplitude Parameters
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Network Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K42) 8.4.4 Amplitude Parameters The SCALE/AMPT key opens the amplitude menu that contains functionality to set up the vertical axis of the measurement diagram. 8.4.5 Sweep Configuration The SWEEP/BW key opens a menu that contains all functionality to configure the sweep.
Page 232: Markers
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Network Analyzer (R&S ZVH-K42) 8.4.8 Markers The MARKER and MKR keys open a menus to control markers and use marker functions. Softkey in the Marker Menu Softkeys in the Marker To Menu...
Page 233: Functions Of The Vector Voltmeter
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Vector Voltmeter 8.5 Functions of the Vector Voltmeter This section contains all softkeys and menus that are available in vector voltmeter mode. 8.5.1 Vector Voltmeter Measurements The MEAS key opens a menu that contains the functionality to configure measurements with the vector voltmeter.
Page 234: Trace Functionality
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Vector Voltmeter 8.5.5 Trace Functionality The TRACE key opens the trace menu that contains functionality to set up result evaluation. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 235: Functions Of The Power Meter
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Power Meter 8.6 Functions of the Power Meter This section contains all softkeys and menus that are available in power meter mode. 8.6.1 Power Meter Measurements The MEAS key opens a menu that contains the functionality to configure measurements with the power meter.
Page 236: Amplitude Parameters
R&S ZVH Menu and Softkey Overview Functions of the Power Meter 8.6.3 Amplitude Parameters The SCALE/AMPT key contains functionality to configure level parameters. 8.6.4 Sweep Configuration The SWEEP/BW key opens a menu that contains functionality to configure the sweep. Operating Manual 1309.6946.12 - 12...
Page 237: How A Spectrum Analyzer Works
R&S ZVH How a Spectrum Analyzer Works Functions of the Power Meter 9 How a Spectrum Analyzer Works Basically, it is possible to measure and analyze RF signals either in the time domain or the frequency domain. Measurements in the time domain show signal variations over time. You can perform these with an oscilloscope, for example.
Page 238 It lasts until you get an IF for which good narrowband filters are available. The R&S ZVH needs three mixing stages to get an IF that the filter can handle. Figure 9-3 graphically shows the mixing process.
Page 239 IF filter cannot be resolved. This is why the bandwidth of the IF filter in a spectrum analyzer is referred to as the resolution bandwidth. The R&S ZVH has resolution bandwidths from 1 Hz to 3 MHz.
Page 240 The detector comes after the video filter. The detector combines the measured spectrum so that it can be represented as one pixel in the trace. The R&S ZVH uses 631 pixels to form the trace, i.e. the whole measured spectrum has to be represented using just 631 pixels.
Page 241 R&S ZVH How a Spectrum Analyzer Works Functions of the Power Meter On the basis of the operating principles of detectors, a few recommendations can be made as to their use. ● It is best to use the Auto Peak detector or the peak detector for spectrum analysis over large frequency ranges.
Page 243: Index
R&S ZVH Index Index ACLR Center frequency ........59, 131, 169, 174 absolute results ............104 CF step size ..............131 adjacent channel............101 Channel bandwidth channel bandwidth ............102 ACLR ................102 channel spacing ............102 channel power ..............89 limit check ..............
Page 244 R&S ZVH Index Full span ................133 type ................71 Gate settings ..............147 Marker list Gated sweep ............144, 146 AM modulation depth ............ 114 Harmonic distortion ............111 harmonic distortion ............112 adjust settings ............... 112 spectrogram ..............124 harmonics ..............
Page 245 R&S ZVH Index spectrum analysis ............222 spectrogram ..............121 vector voltmeter ............231 TDMA power..............96 Min hold ................149 transducer ..............164 Min peak ................150 Reference position ..........62, 135, 208 Multiple traces..............152 Reference value............61, 208 n dB down ................
Page 246 R&S ZVH Index playback ............... 124 Time line ................124 record ................123 Total harmonic distortion ..........112 reference level .............. 121 Trace ................149 time line ................ 124 Trace (second)..............152 Spectrogram colors ............121 Trace average ..............149 Spectrogram history ............

Rohde & Schwarz ZVH Operating Manual

Quick Links

Need help?

Questions and answers

Subscribe to Our Youtube Channel

Related Manuals for Rohde & Schwarz ZVH

Summary of Contents for Rohde & Schwarz ZVH

This manual is also suitable for:

Table of Contents