Rohde & Schwarz ZVL series Operating Manual
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Rohde & Schwarz ZVL series Operating Manual

Vector network analyzer
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Table of Contents

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R&S
ZVL
Vector Network Analyzer
Operating Manual
1303.6580.32 – 09

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Summary of Contents for Rohde & Schwarz ZVL series

  • Page 1 ® R&S Vector Network Analyzer Operating Manual 1303.6580.32 – 09...
  • Page 2 ® The Operating Manual describes all R&S ZVL models: ® ● R&S ZVL3 (frequency range up to 3 GHz), stock no. 1303.6509K03 ® ● R&S ZVL6 (frequency range up to 6 GHz), stock no. 1303.6509K06 ® ● R&S ZVL3-75 (frequency range up to 3 GHz), stock no.
  • Page 3 Basic Safety Instructions Always read through and comply with the following safety instructions! All plants and locations of the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies make every effort to keep the safety standards of our products up to date and to offer our customers the highest possible degree of safety. Our products and the auxiliary equipment they require are designed, built and tested in accordance with the safety standards that apply in each case.
  • Page 4 Basic Safety Instructions Symbol Meaning Symbol Meaning Caution ! Hot surface Alternating current (AC) Protective conductor terminal Direct/alternating current (DC/AC) To identify any terminal which is intended for connection to an external conductor for protection against electric shock in case of a fault, or the terminal of a protective earth Earth (Ground) Class II Equipment...
  • Page 5 Basic Safety Instructions Operating states and operating positions The product may be operated only under the operating conditions and in the positions specified by the manufacturer, without the product's ventilation being obstructed. If the manufacturer's specifications are not observed, this can result in electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury or death. Applicable local or national safety regulations and rules for the prevention of accidents must be observed in all work performed.
  • Page 6 Basic Safety Instructions 6. The product may be operated only from TN/TT supply networks fuse-protected with max. 16 A (higher fuse only after consulting with the Rohde & Schwarz group of companies). 7. Do not insert the plug into sockets that are dusty or dirty. Insert the plug firmly and all the way into the socket provided for this purpose.
  • Page 7 Basic Safety Instructions 2. Before you move or transport the product, read and observe the section titled "Transport". 3. As with all industrially manufactured goods, the use of substances that induce an allergic reaction (allergens) such as nickel cannot be generally excluded. If you develop an allergic reaction (such as a skin rash, frequent sneezing, red eyes or respiratory difficulties) when using a Rohde &...
  • Page 8 Basic Safety Instructions 2. Adjustments, replacement of parts, maintenance and repair may be performed only by electrical experts authorized by Rohde & Schwarz. Only original parts may be used for replacing parts relevant to safety (e.g. power switches, power transformers, fuses). A safety test must always be performed after parts relevant to safety have been replaced (visual inspection, protective conductor test, insulation resistance measurement, leakage current measurement, functional test).
  • Page 9 Basic Safety Instructions 3. If you use the product in a vehicle, it is the sole responsibility of the driver to drive the vehicle safely and properly. The manufacturer assumes no responsibility for accidents or collisions. Never use the product in a moving vehicle if doing so could distract the driver of the vehicle. Adequately secure the product in the vehicle to prevent injuries or other damage in the event of an accident.
  • Page 10 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Instrucciones de seguridad elementales ¡Es imprescindible leer y cumplir las siguientes instrucciones e informaciones de seguridad! El principio del grupo de empresas Rohde & Schwarz consiste en tener nuestros productos siempre al día con los estándares de seguridad y de ofrecer a nuestros clientes el máximo grado de seguridad. Nuestros productos y todos los equipos adicionales son siempre fabricados y examinados según las normas de seguridad vigentes.
  • Page 11 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Señalización de seguridad de los productos Las siguientes señales de seguridad se utilizan en los productos para advertir sobre riesgos y peligros. Símbolo Significado Símbolo Significado Aviso: punto de peligro general Tensión de alimentación de PUESTA EN MARCHA / PARADA Observar la documentación del producto Atención en el manejo de dispositivos de peso...
  • Page 12 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Palabras de señal y su significado En la documentación del producto se utilizan las siguientes palabras de señal con el fin de advertir contra riesgos y peligros. Indica una situación de peligro que, si no se evita, causa lesiones graves o incluso la muerte.
  • Page 13 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Seguridad eléctrica Si no se siguen (o se siguen de modo insuficiente) las indicaciones del fabricante en cuanto a seguridad eléctrica, pueden producirse choques eléctricos, incendios y/o lesiones graves con posible consecuencia de muerte. 1. Antes de la puesta en marcha del producto se deberá comprobar siempre que la tensión preseleccionada en el producto coincida con la de la red de alimentación eléctrica.
  • Page 14 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales 11. A menos que esté permitido expresamente, no retire nunca la tapa ni componentes de la carcasa mientras el producto esté en servicio. Esto pone a descubierto los cables y componentes eléctricos y puede causar lesiones, fuego o daños en el producto. 12.
  • Page 15 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales 5. Ciertos productos, como p. ej. las instalaciones de radiocomunicación RF, pueden a causa de su función natural, emitir una radiación electromagnética aumentada. Deben tomarse todas las medidas necesarias para la protección de las mujeres embarazadas. También las personas con marcapasos pueden correr peligro a causa de la radiación electromagnética.
  • Page 16 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Baterías y acumuladores o celdas Si no se siguen (o se siguen de modo insuficiente) las indicaciones en cuanto a las baterías y acumuladores o celdas, pueden producirse explosiones, incendios y/o lesiones graves con posible consecuencia de muerte. El manejo de baterías y acumuladores con electrolitos alcalinos (p. ej. celdas de litio) debe seguir el estándar EN 62133.
  • Page 17 Instrucciones de seguridad elementales Eliminación/protección del medio ambiente 1. Los dispositivos marcados contienen una batería o un acumulador que no se debe desechar con los residuos domésticos sin clasificar, sino que debe ser recogido por separado. La eliminación se debe efectuar exclusivamente a través de un punto de recogida apropiado o del servicio de atención al cliente de Rohde &...
  • Page 18 Customer Support Technical support – where and when you need it For quick, expert help with any Rohde & Schwarz equipment, contact one of our Customer Support Centers. A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a solution to your query on any aspect of the operation, programming or applications of Rohde &...
  • Page 19 R&S ZVL R&S ZVL Documentation Map R&S ZVL Documentation Map Standard Documentation The following documentation is supplied with the instrument. The help systems are embedded in the instrument, offering quick, context-sensitive reference to the information needed for operation and programming. The help systems contain the complete user documentation for the network analyzer including all optional features.
  • Page 20 R&S ZVL Glossary of Terms Glossary of Terms Active channel: Channel belonging to the active trace. The active channel is highlighted in the channel list below the diagram. The active channel is not relevant in remote control where each channel can contain an active trace. Active marker: Marker that can be changed using the settings of the Marker menu (Delta Mode, Ref.
  • Page 21 R&S ZVL Glossary of Terms paths. Crosstalk causes an isolation error in the measurement which can be corrected by means of a calibration. CW frequency: Continuous Wave frequency; fixed stimulus frequency. Data trace: Trace filled with measurement data and updated after each sweep (dynamic trace).
  • Page 22 R&S ZVL Glossary of Terms Marker: Tool for selecting points on the trace and for numerical readout of measured data. A marker is displayed with a symbol (a triangle, a crossbar or a line) on the trace; its coordinates are shown in the marker info field. Mathematical trace: Trace that is calculated according to a mathematical expression.
  • Page 23 R&S ZVL Glossary of Terms error can be corrected by means of a full one-port calibration or a two-port calibration (except normalization). Stimulus value: Value of the sweep variable (frequency) where a measurement is taken. Also termed sweep point. Sweep: Series of consecutive measurements taken at a specified sequence of stimulus values = series of consecutive measurement points.

  • Page 24: Table Of Contents

    R&S ZVL Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Preparing for Use................11 Front Panel Tour ......................11 1.1.1 Display .........................12 1.1.2 Setup Keys........................12 1.1.3 Function Keys ......................13 1.1.4 Navigation Keys ......................14 1.1.5 Data Entry Keys ......................15 1.1.6 Rotary Knob .........................16 1.1.7 Power On/Off Key ......................16 1.1.8 Test Ports ........................17...
  • Page 25 R&S ZVL Table of Contents 1.6.2 Connecting a Keyboard ....................30 1.6.3 Connecting a Printer ....................31 1.6.4 Connecting a Monitor....................32 1.6.5 Connecting a LAN Cable .....................32 Remote Control in a LAN ..................34 1.7.1 Assigning an IP Address ....................34 1.7.2 Remote Desktop Connection..................36 Windows XP .......................37 1.8.1 Accessing Windows XP's Start Menu ................37...

  • Page 26: Preparing For Use

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Front Panel Tour 1 Preparing for Use This chapter gives an overview of the front panel controls and connectors of the network analyzer and gives all information that is necessary to put the instrument into operation and connect external devices.

  • Page 27: Display

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Front Panel Tour 1.1.1 Display The analyzer is equipped with a color display providing all control elements for the measurements and the diagram areas for the results. Refer to section Navigation Tools of the Screen in Chapter 3 to learn how to use menus, keys and softkeys.

  • Page 28: Function Keys

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Front Panel Tour described in two separate help systems. MODE opens a dialog to switch between the network analyzer and spectrum analyzer modes. MENU activates the highest softkey menu level of the current spectrum analyzer context. For detailed information refer to the spectrum analyzer help system (HELP).

  • Page 29: Navigation Keys

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Front Panel Tour CAL provides all functions that are necessary to perform a system error correction (calibration). If the spectrum analyzer option (R&S ZVL-K1) is active, the key starts a new measurement (RUN). MEAS selects the quantity to be measured and displayed. LINES defines limits for measured values and activates the limit check.

  • Page 30: Data Entry Keys

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Front Panel Tour dialog or a link in the Help system Scroll down in Help topic The Next Tab key opens the next tab of a dialog, e.g. in the Help navigation pane or in some of the spectrum analyzer dialogs. 1.1.5 Data Entry Keys The data entry keys are used to enter numbers and units.

  • Page 31: Rotary Knob

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Front Panel Tour In character input fields, the keys are inactive. ENTER is used to: Activate the selected active control element, e.g. a button in a dialog or a link in the Help Confirm selections and entries made and close dialogs ENTER is equivalent to pressing the rotary knob.

  • Page 32: Test Ports

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Front Panel Tour Toggle between standby and ready state, if the instrument is AC-supplied and appropriately configured. 1.1.8 Test Ports N-connectors labelled PORT 1 and PORT 2/ RF INPUT. The test ports serve as outputs for the RF stimulus signal and as inputs for the measured RF signals from the DUT (response signals).

  • Page 33: Probe Power

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Front Panel Tour EMI conformity, cable length For maintaining the EMI conformity of the R&S ZVL only appropriate USB accessories may be used. Passive connecting USB cables should not exceed 4 m in length. Use the original USB connecting cable or another high–quality cable.

  • Page 34: Rear Panel Tour

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Rear Panel Tour 1.2 Rear Panel Tour This section gives an overview of the rear panel controls and connectors of the network analyzer. The following rear panel connectors require special attention: The (fuse-protected) mains connector in the lower left corner is used to connect the analyzer to the AC power supply;...
  • Page 35 R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Rear Panel Tour Input levels, AUX PORT The maximum input levels and voltages of the input connectors at the front and rear panel must not be exceeded. When using the AUX PORT, watch the pin assignment carefully. A short-circuit may damage the instrument.

  • Page 36: Putting The Instrument Into Operation

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Putting the Instrument into Operation 1.3 Putting the Instrument into Operation This section describes the basic steps to be taken when setting up the analyzer for the first time. General safety instructions Before turning on the instrument, please make sure that the following conditions are fulfilled: Instrument covers are in place and all fasteners are tightened.

  • Page 37: Instrument Setup

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Putting the Instrument into Operation 1.3.2 Instrument Setup The network analyzer is designed for use under laboratory conditions, either on a bench top or in a rack. The general ambient conditions required at the operating site are as follows: The ambient temperature must be in the ranges specified for operation and for compliance with specifications (see data sheet).

  • Page 38: Mounting In A 19" Rack

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Putting the Instrument into Operation Danger of injury To avoid injuries, place the instrument on a stable surface and do not stack other instruments or material on top of it. 1.3.4 Mounting in a 19" Rack Using the adapter R&S ZZA-S334 (order no.

  • Page 39: Connecting The Instrument To The Ac Supply

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Putting the Instrument into Operation For example, if the R&S ZVL is connected to both an AC and a DC power supply, it uses the AC power supply. If it is suddenly disconnected from the AC power supply, it switches to the DC power supply.

  • Page 40: Replacing Fuses

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Putting the Instrument into Operation If the R&S ZVL is AC supplied the power on/off key switches between the following states: In the switched off state, both LEDs are off. The analyzer is completely disconnected from the power supply. The instrument is re-started using the mains power switch on the rear panel.

  • Page 41: Dc Power Supply And Battery

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Putting the Instrument into Operation Shock hazard For fuse replacement, ensure that the instrument is switched off and disconnected from the power supply by removing the plug from the AC and DC power connector. To replace the fuses 1.

  • Page 42: Charging The Battery

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Putting the Instrument into Operation DC power supply The power supply (SELV) that is used must fulfill the requirements for reinforced/double insulation for main supply circuits in accordance to DIN/EN/IEC 61010 (UL 61010B–1, CSA C22.2 No. 1010.1) or DIN/EN/IEC 60950 (UL 1950, CSA C22.2 No. 950). It is recommended to fuse the DC power supply appropriately.

  • Page 43: Maintenance

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Maintenance 1.4 Maintenance The network analyzer does not require any special maintenance. Make sure that the air vents are not obstructed. The outside of the instrument is suitably cleaned using a soft, line-free dust cloth. Instrument damage caused by cleaning agents.

  • Page 44: Starting And Shutting Down The Analyzer

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Starting and Shutting down the Analyzer 1.5 Starting and Shutting down the Analyzer To start the analyzer, proceed as follows: If you use the AC power supply, make sure that the instrument is connected to the mains supply and switch the power switch on the rear panel to position I (On).

  • Page 45: Connecting External Accessories

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Connecting External Accessories 1.6 Connecting External Accessories The equivalent USB ports on the front panel of the analyzer can be used to connect a variety of accessories: A mouse simplifies operation of the instrument using the controls and dialogs of the Graphical User Interface (GUI).

  • Page 46: Connecting A Printer

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Connecting External Accessories Keyboard configuration Use the Start – Control Panel – Keyboard or Regional and Language Options menu of Windows XP to configure the keyboard properties. To access Windows XP, press SETUP – General Setup – More – Open Start Menu (or connect an external keyboard and press CTRL + ESC).

  • Page 47: Connecting A Monitor

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Connecting External Accessories 1.6.4 Connecting a Monitor A standard DVI monitor can be connected to the DVI-D connector in the lower right corner of the rear panel. The monitor displays the magnified R&S ZVL screen with all diagram areas, measurement results and control elements.
  • Page 48 R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Connecting External Accessories A dedicated network connection between the analyzer and a single computer made with a cross-over RJ-45 network cable. The computer must be equipped with a network adapter and is directly connected to the analyzer. The use of hubs, switches, or gateways is not needed, however, data transfer is still made using the TCP/IP protocol.

  • Page 49: Remote Control In A Lan

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Remote Control in a LAN 1.7 Remote Control in a LAN A LAN connection is used to integrate the analyzer into a home/company network. This offers several applications: Transfer data between a controller and the analyzer, e.g. in order run a remote control program.
  • Page 50 R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Remote Control in a LAN If the network does not support DHCP, or if the analyzer is set to use alternate TCP/IP configuration, the addresses must be set manually. By default, the analyzer is configured to use dynamic TCP/IP configuration and obtain all address information automatically.

  • Page 51: Remote Desktop Connection

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Remote Control in a LAN For more information refer to the Windows XP Help. 1.7.2 Remote Desktop Connection Remote Desktop is a Windows application which can be used to access and control the analyzer from a remote computer through a LAN connection. While the measurement is running, the analyzer screen contents are displayed on the remote computer, and Remote Desktop provides access to all of the applications, files, and network resources of the analyzer.

  • Page 52: Windows Xp

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Windows XP 1.8 Windows XP The analyzer is equipped with a Windows XP operating system which has been configured according to the instrument's features and needs. Changes in the system configuration can be necessary in order to Establish a LAN connection Customize the properties of the external accessories connected to the analyzer Call up additional software tools...

  • Page 53: Firmware Update

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Firmware Update 1.9 Firmware Update Upgrade versions of the analyzer firmware are supplied as setup files (*msi). To perform a firmware update, you can either use the softkeys associated with the SETUP front panel key or the Instrument_Update_Tool. The latter procedure is recommended if installation via SETUP is not practicable.

  • Page 54: Operation With And Without Administrator Rights

    R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Firmware Update 1.9.1 Operation with and without Administrator Rights With firmware version V3.xx (image version 3.11) and higher, the network analyzer may be operated with or without administrator rights. Some administrative tasks (e.g. a firmware update) do require administrator rights; refer to the detailed description of the SETUP softkeys in chapter 4 of the operating manual.
  • Page 55 R&S ZVL Preparing for Use Firmware Update The LXI functionality including the home page is unavailable while the instrument is operated without administrator rights. Quick Start Guide 1303.6538.62 - 06...
  • Page 56 R&S ZVL Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Getting Started.................. 43 Reflection Measurements ..................43 2.1.1 Instrument Setup for Reflection Measurements ............43 2.1.2 Parameter and Sweep Range Selection ..............44 2.1.3 Instrument Calibration....................45 2.1.4 Evaluation of Data......................47 2.1.5 Saving and Printing Data .....................48 Transmission Measurements ...................49 Basic Tasks ........................50 2.3.1...

  • Page 58: Getting Started

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Reflection Measurements 2 Getting Started The following chapter presents a sample session with a R&S ZVL network analyzer and explains how to solve basic tasks that you will frequently encounter when working with the instrument. General safety instructions Before starting any measurement on your network analyzer, please note the instructions given in Chapter Preparing for Use.

  • Page 59: Parameter And Sweep Range Selection

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Reflection Measurements 1. Proceed as described in section Starting the Analyzer and Shutting Down in Chapter 1 to switch on the instrument and start the NWA application. 2. Connect the input port of your DUT to test port 1 of the network analyzer.

  • Page 60: Instrument Calibration

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Reflection Measurements leaving an appropriate display margin. Refer to section Scaling Diagrams to learn more about the different methods and tools for diagram scaling. 2.1.3 Instrument Calibration The analyzer provides sophisticated calibration methods for all types of measurements.
  • Page 61 Getting Started R&S ZVL Reflection Measurements 4. In the first dialog of the wizard, select the calibration kit (here: ZV- Z21) and the test port connector (here: N 50 (f), corresponding to a male calibration standard), and click Next. If you have not yet imported the exact cal kit data of your calibration kit, you can use the typical data as shown above.

  • Page 62: Evaluation Of Data

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Reflection Measurements box with a progress bar. After completing the sweep the analyzer generates a short sound and a green checkmark appears in the checkbox. 6. Click Apply to close the wizard, calculate and store the system error correction data and apply them to the current measurement.

  • Page 63: Saving And Printing Data

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Reflection Measurements 4. Still in the FORMAT menu, select Smith. The Smith chart shows lines of constant real and imaginary part of the impedance in the reflection coefficient plane. Refer to section Display Formats and Diagram Types in Chapter 3 to learn more about the diagram properties.

  • Page 64: Transmission Measurements

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Transmission Measurements 6. Press Device Setup again and select a file format or Clipboard. 7. Close the dialog and press Print Screen again to copy the diagram to a file or an external application. 8. Open the Nwa-File menu and select Save NWA As... 9.

  • Page 65: Basic Tasks

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Basic Tasks 2.3 Basic Tasks The following sections describe how to solve basic tasks that you will frequently encounter when working with the instrument. In particular you can learn how to access instrument functions and control dialogs without a mouse and keyboard. 2.3.1 Control via Front Panel Keys Although a mouse and external keyboard simplify the operation of the instrument, you can access all essential functions using the keys on the front panel.
  • Page 66 Getting Started R&S ZVL Basic Tasks 3. As soon as you reach the desired menu command (which must not be one opening a submenu) press ENTER or press the rotary knob to initiate an action or open a dialog. After command execution or after closing the dialog, the menu bar is deactivated and the cursor returns to the diagram/softkey area.

  • Page 67: Data Entry

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Basic Tasks 3. Use the data entry keys or the rotary knob to enter numbers. Use the on-screen keyboard for character entry. For more details refer to Data Entry. 4. Press ENTER, ESC CANCEL or press the rotary knob to close the active dialog.
  • Page 68 Getting Started R&S ZVL Basic Tasks Press 0 to 9 once to enter the corresponding numbers. Press the keys repeatedly to select one of the other characters assigned to the key. Wait 2 seconds to confirm an entry. Use . or – to enter a dot or a hyphen. Use the sign key to change from upper case to lower case and vice versa.

  • Page 69: Scaling Diagrams

    Getting Started R&S ZVL Basic Tasks You can also access Windows XP's on-screen keyboard from the start menu. Press SETUP – General Setup – More – Open Start Menu (or connect an external keyboard and press CTRL + ESC) to open the start menu, and click Programs – Accessories – Accessibility –...
  • Page 70 Getting Started R&S ZVL Basic Tasks To change one of the parameters use one of the following methods: Press the SCALE function key on the front panel. Right-click the scale section in the trace list and select the parameters from the context menu.
  • Page 71 Getting Started R&S ZVL Basic Tasks To set the sweep range use one of the following methods: Define Start and Stop values 1. Create two normal markers, e.g. the markers Mkr 1 and Mkr 2, and place them to the desired start and stop values of the sweep range. 2.
  • Page 72 Getting Started R&S ZVL Basic Tasks Enlarging the Diagram Area The analyzer provides different tools for customizing the contents and size of the diagram areas: Maximize allows you to enlarge the active diagram area to occupy the whole window. A double-click on any point in the diagram area is equivalent to the Maximize function.
  • Page 74 R&S ZVL Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 System Overview ................61 Basic Concepts ......................61 3.1.1 Global Resources ......................62 3.1.1.1 Setups ..........................62 3.1.2 Traces, Channels, and Diagram Areas................62 3.1.2.1 Trace Settings ......................63 3.1.2.2 Channel Settings......................64 3.1.3 Data Flow........................64 3.1.4 Navigation Tools of the Screen ..................66 3.1.4.1 Menu Bar ........................66...
  • Page 75 R&S ZVL Table of Contents 3.1.7.3 Polar Diagrams ......................82 3.1.7.4 Smith Chart ........................83 3.1.7.5 Inverted Smith Chart ....................85 3.1.7.6 Measured Quantities and Display Formats ..............87 Measured Quantities ....................89 3.2.1 S-Parameters.......................89 3.2.2 Impedance Parameters ....................90 3.2.3 Admittance Parameters ....................91 Calibration Overview ....................93 3.3.1 Calibration Standards and Calibration Kits ..............94 3.3.2...

  • Page 76: System Overview

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3 System Overview The following chapter provides an overview of the analyzer's capabilities and their use. This includes a description of the basic concepts that the analyzer uses to organize, process and display measurement data, of the screen contents, possible measured quantities, and calibration methods.

  • Page 77: Global Resources

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3.1.1 Global Resources The analyzer provides global settings that are mostly hardware-related and can be used for all measurements, irrespective of the current measurement session or setup. The settings are stored in independent files and do not enter into any of the setup files. The following settings correspond to global resources: Calibration kits Connector types...

  • Page 78: Trace Settings

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts A diagram area is a rectangular portion of the screen used to display traces. Diagram areas belonging to the same setup are arranged in a common window. The settings for diagram areas are described in section Display Elements in this chapter.

  • Page 79: Channel Settings

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Active Traces If a trace is selected in order to apply the trace settings, it becomes the active trace. In manual control there is always exactly one active trace, irrespective of the number of channels and traces defined.
  • Page 80 ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts SYSTEM SYSTEM ERROR ERROR CORR. DATA CORR. Channel data flow (for all traces of the channel) OFFSET S - Parameters COMPLEX CONVERS. Data Access Points: 1, 2 Import/Export Data Apply cal pool data / copy to cal pool ( TRACE 1) ( TRACE 2) MATH...

  • Page 81: Navigation Tools Of The Screen

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3.1.4 Navigation Tools of the Screen This section describes the operating concept of the network analyzer, including the alternative navigation tools for mouse and hardkey operation, the trace settings, markers and diagram areas. For a description of the different quantities measured by the analyzer refer to the Measured Quantities section.

  • Page 82: Menu Structure

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts With a mouse, like the menus in any Windows application. A left mouse click expands a menu or submenu. If a menu command has no submenu assigned, a left mouse click opens a dialog or directly activates the menu command. Using the front panel keys.

  • Page 83: Softkey Bar

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts A menu command with a right arrow expands a submenu with further related settings. Example: Marker expands a submenu to position markers on a trace and configure their properties. A menu command with three dots appended calls up an input field or a dialog providing several related settings.

  • Page 84: Front Panel Key Bar

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Function softkeys Up to 7 softkeys, each corresponding to a command of the active menu. The function of the softkeys and their labels are strictly equivalent to the corresponding menu commands. Three dots indicate that the softkey calls up a dialog providing several related settings.

  • Page 85: Status Bar

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts The front panel key bar provides access to the basic groups of settings with a single mouse click. It is particularly useful if the analyzer is controlled with a mouse or via Remote Desktop. Alternatively the settings are accessible from the menus of the menu bar or from the softkey bar.

  • Page 86: Title

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3.1.5.1 Title Across the top of the diagram area, an optional title describes the contents of the area. Different areas within a setup are distinguished by area numbers in the upper right corner. Use the context menu or the functions in the Display menu to display, hide or change the title and to add and customize diagram areas.

  • Page 87: Trace Types

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Reference value (for all traces): The Reference Value is indicated with a triangle at the right edge of the diagram and a dashed, horizontal line. The value and position of the triangle can be changed in order to modify the diagram scale and shift the trace vertically.

  • Page 88: Trace List And Trace Settings

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3.1.5.4 Trace List and Trace Settings The main properties of all traces assigned to the diagram area are displayed in the trace list in the upper left corner. Each line in the trace list describes a single trace. The active trace is highlighted. The lines are divided into several sections with the following contents (from left to right): Trace name indicates the current trace name.

  • Page 89: Markers

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts The settings correspond to the most common commands in the Trace – Trace Select, Trace – Trace Funct, Trace – Meas, Trace – Format and Trace – Scale menus. A red label Cal Off ! appears behind the trace list if the system error correction no longer applies to one or more traces;...

  • Page 90: Marker Info Field

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3.1.5.6 Marker Info Field The coordinates of all markers defined in a diagram area are displayed in the info field, which by default is located in the upper right corner. The list contains the following information: Mkr 1, Mkr2, ...

  • Page 91: Channel Settings

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Context menu of the marker info field A right mouse click on the marker info field opens a context menu: Movable Marker Info allows the marker info field to be placed to any position in the diagram area.

  • Page 92: Context Menus

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts The settings correspond to the most common commands in the Channel – Channel Select, Channel – Center, Span and Channel – Pwr Bw menus. 3.1.5.8 Context Menus To provide access to the most common tasks and speed up the operation, the analyzer offers context menus (right-click menus) for the following display elements: Diagram area Marker info field...

  • Page 93: Immediate Vs. Confirmed Settings

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3.1.6.1 Immediate vs. Confirmed Settings In some dialogs, the settings take effect immediately so that the effect on the measurement is observable while the dialog is still open. This is especially convenient when a numeric value is incremented or decremented, e.g. via the rotary knob. In most dialogs, however, it is possible to cancel an erroneous input before it takes effect.

  • Page 94: Paste Marker List

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Shift changes between the two character sets containing lower case letters/numbers and upper case letters/special characters, respectively. <= BS deletes the current string in the alphanumeric input field. OK applies the current selection and closes the keyboard. The current string is written into the input field of the calling dialog.

  • Page 95: Display Formats And Diagram Types

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3.1.7 Display Formats and Diagram Types A display format defines how the set of (complex) measurement points is converted and displayed in a diagram. The display formats in the Trace – Format menu use the following basic diagram types: Cartesian (rectangular) diagrams are used for all display formats involving a conversion of the measurement data into a real (scalar) quantity, i.e.

  • Page 96: Conversion Of Complex Into Real Quantities

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts 3.1.7.2 Conversion of Complex into Real Quantities The results to be selected in the Trace – Meas menu can be divided into two groups: S-Parameters, Impedances, and Admittances are complex. Stability Factors are real. The following table shows how the response values in the different Cartesian diagrams are calculated from the complex measurement values z = x + jy (where x, y, z are functions of the sweep variable).

  • Page 97: Polar Diagrams

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts An extended range of formats and conversion formulas is available for markers. To convert any point on a trace, create a marker and select the appropriate marker format. Marker and trace formats can be selected independently. 3.1.7.3 Polar Diagrams Polar diagrams show the measured data (response values) in the complex plane with a...

  • Page 98: Smith Chart

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts The magnitude of the reflection coefficient of a short circuit (Z = 0, U = 0) is one, its phase is –180 3.1.7.4 Smith Chart The Smith chart is a circular diagram that maps the complex reflection coefficients S to normalized impedance values.
  • Page 99 ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts The basic properties of the Smith chart follow from this construction: The central horizontal axis corresponds to zero reactance (real impedance). The center of the diagram represents Z/Z = 1 which is the reference impedance of the system (zero reflection).

  • Page 100: Inverted Smith Chart

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Circles of equal resistance Short-circuited Open-circuited load (Z = 0) load (Z = infinity) Arcs of equal Matching reactance impedance (Z = Z Examples for special points in the Smith chart: The magnitude of the reflection coefficient of an open circuit (Z = infinity, I = 0) is one, its phase is zero.
  • Page 101 ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Inverted Smith chart construction The inverted Smith chart is point-symmetric to the Smith chart: The basic properties of the inverted Smith chart follow from this construction: The central horizontal axis corresponds to zero susceptance (real admittance). The center of the diagram represents Y/Y = 1, where Y is the reference admittance of...

  • Page 102: Measured Quantities And Display Formats

    ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Circles of equal conductance Short-circuited Open-circuited load (Y = infinity) load (Y = 0) Arcs of equal Matching susceptance admittance (Y = Y Examples for special points in the inverted Smith chart: The magnitude of the reflection coefficient of a short circuit (Y = infinity, U = 0) is one, its phase is –180 The magnitude of the reflection coefficient of an open circuit (Y = 0, I = 0) is one, its phase is zero.
  • Page 103 ® R&S System Overview Basic Concepts Complex dimensionless quantities: Complex quantities with Real quantities: dimensions: S-parameters Stability Factors impedances, admittances Inverted Smith (reflection coefficients S – – (reflection coefficients S – – Group Delay (transmission coefficients S – – The default formats are activated automatically when the measured quantity is changed.

  • Page 104: Measured Quantities

    ® R&S System Overview Measured Quantities 3.2 Measured Quantities This section gives an overview of the measurement results of the network analyzer and the meaning of the different measured quantities. All quantities can be selected in the Trace – Meas submenu. 3.2.1 S-Parameters S-parameters are the basic measured quantities of a network analyzer.

  • Page 105: Impedance Parameters

    ® R&S System Overview Measured Quantities is the reverse transmission coefficient, defined as the ratio of the wave quantities b (reverse measurement with matched input, b in the figure above 1,rev and a = 0) to a is the output reflection coefficient, defined as the ratio of the wave quantities b (reverse measurement with matched input, b in the figure above and a = 0) to...

  • Page 106: Admittance Parameters

    ® R&S System Overview Measured Quantities A two-port transmission parameter Z (i S j) can describe a pure serial impedance between the two ports. Relation with S-parameters The converted impedances Z are calculated from the reflection S-parameters S according to: The transmission parameters are calculated according to: The converted admittances are defined as the inverse of the impedances.
  • Page 107 ® R&S System Overview Measured Quantities where i numbers the analyzer/DUT port. The transmission parameters are calculated according to: ..., Example: Y11 is the input admittance of a 2-port DUT that is terminated at its output with the reference impedance Z (matched-circuit admittance measured in a forward reflection measurement).

  • Page 108: Calibration Overview

    ® R&S System Overview Calibration Overview 3.3 Calibration Overview Calibration is the process of eliminating systematic, reproducible errors from the measurement results (system error correction). The process involves the following stages: 1. A set of calibration standards is selected and measured over the required sweep range.

  • Page 109: Calibration Standards And Calibration Kits

    ® R&S System Overview Calibration Overview 3.3.1 Calibration Standards and Calibration Kits A calibration kit is a set of physical calibration standards for a particular connector type. The magnitude and phase response of the calibration standards (i.e. their S- parameters) must be known or predictable within a given frequency range. The standards are grouped into several types (open, through, match,...) corresponding to the different input quantities for the analyzer's error models.

  • Page 110: Normalization

    ® R&S System Overview Calibration Overview Calibration Type Standards Parameters Error Terms General Application Accuracy TOSM Open, Short, Reflection High Reflection and transmission Match (at each tracking, measurements on DUTs with 2 port), Source match, ports. Through Directivity, Load match, (between the 2 ports) Transmission...

  • Page 111: One-Path Two-Port Calibration

    ® R&S System Overview Calibration Overview 3.3.2.3 One-Path Two-Port Calibration A one-path two-port calibration combines a full one-port calibration with a transmission normalization, so it requires a short, an open and a match standard to be connected to a single test port plus a through standard between this calibrated source port and a second load port.

  • Page 112: Automatic Calibration (Introduction)

    ® R&S System Overview Calibration Overview 3.3.3 Automatic Calibration (Introduction) A Calibration Unit is an integrated solution for automatic system error correction of vector network analyzers. For R&S ZVL3-75 analyzers (75 T variant of R&S ZVL3), Rohde & Schwarz offers the calibration unit R&S ZV-Z53, stock number 1164.0473.75. This calibration unit supports a frequency range between 300 kHz and 3 GHz.

  • Page 113: Optional R&S Zvl Extensions

    ® R&S System Overview Optional R&S ZVL Extensions 3.4 Optional R&S ZVL Extensions The R&S ZVL network analyzer can be upgraded with various hardware and software options, providing enhanced flexibility and an extended measurement functionality. The available options are listed in the SETUP – More – System Info – Versions + Options dialog.
  • Page 114 ® R&S System Overview Optional R&S ZVL Extensions While a particular measurement mode is active, the functionality of the other modes is generally not available. The same applies to the remote-control commands. Basic instrument functions, i.e. the softkeys associated with the FILE, SETUP, PRINT, and MODE front panel keys and the related commands, are available in all operating modes.

  • Page 115: Distance-To-Fault (R&S Zvl-K2)

    ® R&S System Overview Optional R&S ZVL Extensions 3.4.1 Distance-to-Fault (R&S ZVL-K2) The network analyzer measures and displays complex S-parameters and other quantities as a function of the frequency. The measurement results can be filtered and mathematically transformed in order to obtain the impulse response, which often gives a clearer insight into the characteristics of the DUT.

  • Page 116: Tv Trigger (R&S Fsl-B6)

    ® R&S System Overview Optional R&S ZVL Extensions 3.4.4 TV Trigger (R&S FSL-B6) Option R&S FSL-B6 adds a TV trigger to option ZVL-K1, in order to select different sections of a TV video signal for display and facilitate the analysis. This option is especially suited for all doing any service in the analog TV field.

  • Page 117: Wcdma Measurements (3Gpp/Fdd Bts) (R&S Fsl-K72)

    ® R&S System Overview Optional R&S ZVL Extensions 3.4.10 WCDMA Measurements (3GPP/FDD BTS) (R&S FSL-K72) The R&S FSL-K72 adds transmitter (TX) measurements on 3GPP downlink signals including HSDPA/HSUPA signals. The measurement types comprise code domain power, signal channel power, adjacent channel power, and spectrum emission mask. 3.4.11 WLAN OFDM Analysis (R&S FSL-K91) Option R&S FSL-K91 provides transmitter (TX) tests, especially spectrum and modulation measurements, on signals in line with the WLAN standards IEEE...
  • Page 118 R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Basic Measurement Tasks Table of Contents Measurement Examples..................104 Basic Measurement Tasks ......................104 Display Configuration ........................104 Screen Control ..........................105 Data Transfer...........................105 Setting up a Sweep .........................106 Optimization .............................108 Optimizing the Measurement Speed....................108 Calibrating a Measurement Channel ....................109 Advanced Tasks..........................110 Time Domain Measurements ......................110 Distance-to-Fault Measurements ....................110...

  • Page 119: Measurement Examples

    R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Basic Measurement Tasks 4 Measurement Examples This chapter provides examples for typical measurement tasks to be performed on the network analyzer: To make yourself familiar with the instrument, use the simple measurement examples outlined in the Getting Started chapter.

  • Page 120: Screen Control

    R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Basic Measurement Tasks Screen Control Control of the analyzer's display elements is based on the standard Windows™ functionality. The following examples show you how to make efficient use of the functions. To move an active setup window within the available space ... Make sure that the window is not maximized.

  • Page 121: Setting Up A Sweep

    R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Basic Measurement Tasks To load a setup stored on an external device... Connect the storage device to an USB connector. Click Nwa-File — Recall Nwa to open the Open dialog. Open the Look in drop-down list and select the storage device. In the center of the dialog, select the folder containing the setup files.
  • Page 122 R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Basic Measurement Tasks To Set up a Segmented Frequency Sweep... Press the Sweep key or click Channel - Sweep to access the Sweep submenu. Click Sweep Type - Define Segments to call up the dialog defining the individual sweep segments. Proceed as described in Define Segments to customize your sweep range.

  • Page 123: Optimization

    R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Optimization Optimization Optimizing the Measurement Speed Minimizing the measurement time per sweep contributes to a high measurement throughput. The following parameters have an influence on the sweep time: To find the best set of sweep points... Limit the measurement to the stimulus range that you need for your device: Click Channel - Center or Span to access the submenu defining the sweep range.

  • Page 124: Calibrating A Measurement Channel

    R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Optimization Calibrating a Measurement Channel Calibration is the process of eliminating systematic, reproducible errors from the measurement results (system error correction). A measurement channel can be calibrated either manually or automatically using a calibration unit (accessory R&S ZV-Z5x). Select and perform a manual calibration In the following example a 2-port TOSM calibration is performed using the Calibration Wizard.

  • Page 125: Advanced Tasks

    R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Advanced Tasks Advanced Tasks Time Domain Measurements With option ZVL-K3, Time Domain, you can view the measurement results as a function of time. To set up a time domain measurement... Reset the analyzer to ensure that the following operating mode is set: Channel - Sweep - Sweep Type: Lin.
  • Page 126 R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Advanced Tasks To prepare the distance-to-fault measurement, first perform a full one-port calibration at PORT 2: Press the Preset key to restore standard analyzer settings, in particular a linear frequency sweep with a relatively wide sweep range and a sufficiently large number of points. Click Trace –...

  • Page 127: Network (De-)Embedding

    R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Advanced Tasks • Mkr 2 shows the position of the fault in the first cable. • Mkr 3 shows the position of the second adapter between the first and the second cable, causing a reflection at either side. The distance between the two maxima of this spike corresponds to the length of the adapter.
  • Page 128 R&S ZVL Measurement Examples Advanced Tasks If you wish to define the added network by an imported set of 2-port S-parameters, select the 2-Port transformation network, click Read Data From File, and load the parameters from a 2-port (*.s2p) Touchstone file. If you wish to define the added network by an equivalent circuit, select the circuit type and adjust the parameters R, C, and L displayed in the right half of the dialog.
  • Page 130 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Table of Contents GUI Reference ..................... 124 Nwa-File Menu..........................124 New ..............................124 Close ...............................125 Recall Nwa ............................125 Open Dialog..........................125 Save Nwa ............................126 Save Nwa As ...........................126 Save As Dialog ..........................126 Page Setup............................127 Page Setup Dialog........................127 Recent File ............................127 Exit Firmware ..........................127 Trace Menu ............................128 Trace ->...
  • Page 131 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Max Hold On..........................158 Restart Hold..........................158 Marker ->............................159 Next Peak .............................159 Start = Marker ..........................160 Stop = Marker ..........................160 Center = Marker..........................160 Ref Value = Marker........................160 Max = Marker..........................160 Min = Marker..........................160 Zero Delay at Marker........................160 Marker Search ..........................161 Marker Tracking..........................170 Def Peak ............................170 Search Range..........................171...
  • Page 132 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Distance-to-Fault ..........................182 Impedance ............................189 Admittance............................190 Stability Factors ..........................191 Format .............................192 dB Mag ............................193 Phase............................193 Smith.............................194 Polar .............................194 Group Delay..........................194 Aperture ............................195 SWR .............................196 Lin Mag ............................197 Real ..............................197 Imag..............................197 Inv Smith............................198 Unwrapped Phase ........................198 Scale ...............................198 Autoscale ............................199 Autoscale All ..........................200 Scale / Div.............................200...
  • Page 133 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Horizontal Line..........................209 Global Limit Check On........................209 Ripple Test ............................209 Ripple Test............................209 Global Check ..........................210 Show Ripple Limits ........................210 Ripple Check On ..........................211 Define Ripple Test.........................211 Channel Menu ..........................214 Stimulus............................215 Pwr Bw ............................216 Power............................216 Step Atten b1..., Step Atten b2......................217 RF Off ............................217 Meas Bandwidth ...........................217 Cal ..............................218...
  • Page 134 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Single (All Chans) .........................259 Define Restart..........................260 Trigger............................260 Average Factor ..........................262 Channel Select ..........................263 Next Channel ..........................264 Select Channel ..........................265 Add Chan + Trace.........................265 Add Chan + Trace + Diag Area.....................265 Delete Channel ..........................266 Channel Manager .........................266 Nwa-Setup Menu..........................267 Display.............................267 Delete Diag Area ..........................268...
  • Page 135 R&S ZVL GUI Reference External Tools..........................278 Help Menu............................278 Help Topics............................279 About NWA............................279 FILE Key............................279 Navigation in the dialog boxes for saving and loading settings files..........281 Save ..............................282 Save File / Recall File ........................282 Select Path ............................282 Select File............................283 Edit File Name..........................283 Edit Comment..........................283 Select Items.............................283 Enable All Items / Disable All Items....................283...
  • Page 136 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Sort Mode .............................287 Name ............................287 Date ..............................287 Extension ............................287 Size...............................287 File Lists 1/2..........................287 Current File List 1/2 ........................287 Network Drive ..........................287 Map Network Drive ........................288 Disconnect Network Drive ......................288 SETUP Key ............................288 Reference Int/Ext ..........................290 Firmware Update..........................290 Firmware Update ..........................290 Option Licenses ..........................290 Install Option..........................291...
  • Page 137 R&S ZVL GUI Reference DHCP On/Off ..........................293 LXI Configuration Menu ........................293 LAN Status On/Off ........................294 Info..............................294 Password ............................294 Description............................294 LAN Reset ............................295 LXI Browser Interface ........................295 GPIB (option GPIB Interface, with option R&S FSL-B10 only) ............300 GPIB Address ..........................301 ID String Factory...........................301 ID String User ..........................301 GPIB Language ..........................301 Display Update On/Off........................301...
  • Page 138 R&S ZVL GUI Reference PRINT Key............................305 Print Screen.............................305 Device Setup ...........................306 Device 1/2 ............................306 Comment............................306 Install Printer ...........................306 MODE Key............................306 Control Menus..........................307 Restore............................308 Move..............................308 Size ..............................308 Minimize ............................308 Maximize ............................308 Close ...............................308 Next ..............................309 Operating Manual 1303.6580.32-06...

  • Page 139: Gui Reference

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-File Menu 5 GUI Reference This chapter explains in detail all functions of the analyzer and their application. It is organized according to the menus/softkey groups of the user interface. All topics in this chapter can be called up directly using the HELP key in the menus or the Help buttons in the dialogs.

  • Page 140: Close

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-File Menu Remote control: MEMory:DEFine "<setup_name>" Close Closes an opened setup window. The analyzer suggests to save changes to the setup before closing it. If a setup is closed without saving, all changes made since the last time it was saved are lost. Remote control: MEMory:DELete[:NAME] "<setup_name>"...

  • Page 141: Save Nwa

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-File Menu • Cancel closes the dialog without opening a setup file. Save Nwa Saves an opened setup to its current name and directory. On saving a setup for the first time, the analyzer displays the Save As dialog box in order to name the setup file. To change the name and directory of an existing setup before saving it, choose the Save As command.

  • Page 142: Page Setup

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-File Menu The Save As dialog is used to store various data types (e.g. cal kit data, limit lines, sweep segment lists, ...). Depending on its use the dialog is opened with different file locations and data types. File locations (directories) are remembered when the dialog is closed.

  • Page 143: Trace Menu

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Trace Menu The Trace menu provides all trace settings and the functions to select, modify and store different traces. In addition the menu provides the marker, search and limit check functions. Traces A trace is a set of data points that can be displayed together in a diagram area. The trace settings specify the mathematical operations used in order to obtain traces from the collected data.

  • Page 144: Data -> Mem

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Traces opens a submenu with functions to handle traces and diagram areas, and assign traces to channels. • Data -> Mem stores the active data trace as a memory trace. • Math = Data/Mem activates the mathematical mode where the data trace is divided by the memory trace.

  • Page 145: Math = Data/Mem

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The exact function of Data -> Mem depends on the number of memory traces associated with the active data trace: • If no memory trace is associated with the active trace, a new memory trace is generated. •...

  • Page 146: Show Data

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu well-defined. Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:MATH:FUNCtion SUBTract Show Data Displays or hides the active data trace in the diagram area. If the mathematical option Math = Data/Mem or Math = Data-Mem is active, then the active mathematical trace is displayed or hidden. Remote control: No command, display configuration only.
  • Page 147 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Active and inactive traces The screen can display several diagram areas simultaneously, each with a variable number of traces. • In an active diagram area one of these traces is the active trace. The active trace is highlighted in the trace list on top of the diagram area (Trc 3 in the figure below): •...
  • Page 148 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Add Trace + Diag. Area Creates a new trace in a new diagram area and assigns the trace to the current channel. The new trace is created with the trace and channel settings of the former active trace but displayed with another color. The new trace is named Trc <n>, where <n>...
  • Page 149 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Selecting one of the existing channel names assigns the current trace to the existing channel. • Selecting New creates a new channel and assigns the current trace to the new channel. The new channel is named Ch <n>, where <n>...
  • Page 150 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • The first character of a trace name can be either one of the upper case letters A to Z, one of the lower case letters a to z, an underscore _ or a square bracket [ or ]. •...

  • Page 151: Trace Statistics

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Couple All assigns all traces to the channel or scale settings selected in the corresponding drop- down lists. All channel or scale settings except the selected ones are lost. The analyzer displays a confirmation dialog box before deleting the unused channels.
  • Page 152 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Eval Range... opens a dialog to define the range for the statistical and phase evaluation. Statistical Evaluation The Min/Max/Pk-Pk, Mean/Std Dev, and RMS commands in the Trace Statistics submenu display or hide the maximum (Max), minimum (Min), the peak-to-peak value (Pk-Pk), arithmetic mean value (Mean), the standard deviation (Std Dev), and the RMS value of all response values of the trace in the selected evaluation range (Eval Range...).
  • Page 153 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Inverted Smith. Moreover, the sweep type must be a frequency sweep. Definition of phase parameters The phase parameters are obtained from an approximation to the derivative of the phase with respect to frequency in the selected evaluation range. •...

  • Page 154: Smoothing On

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu It is possible to select, define and display up to ten different evaluation ranges for each setup. Full Span means that the search range is equal to the sweep range. The statistical and phase evaluation take into account all measurement points with stimulus values x between the Start and Stop value of the evaluation range:...

  • Page 155: Time Domain Transform

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Time Domain Transform Opens a submenu to view the measurement results as a function of time. The time domain transformation requires option ZVL-K3 , Time Domain. Time domain transformation The network analyzer measures and displays complex S-parameters and other quantities as a function of the frequency.
  • Page 156 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu In frequency domain representation the diagram shows the measured trace as a function of the stimulus frequency applied to the DUT. The trace corresponds to the results obtained during the frequency sweep, however, the effect of a time gate is taken into account as long as the Time Gate function is active. The x- axis corresponds to the sweep range (stimulus range) selected via Channel –...
  • Page 157 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Trace settings in time domain representation While the time domain representation is active the trace settings behave as follows: • The settings in the Stimulus Transform submenu configure the time axis. • All Trace Formats including the circular diagrams are available. •...
  • Page 158 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Start is the lowest displayed time and corresponds to the left edge of the Cartesian diagram. • Stop is the highest displayed time and corresponds to the right edge of the Cartesian diagram. •...
  • Page 159 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • The radio buttons in the Type panel select a band pass or low pass transform. To calculate a low pass transform the sweep points must be on a harmonic grid (otherwise the analyzer will only be able to calculate an approximate result and generate a warning).
  • Page 160 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu that the frequency grid must be harmonic. Due to the symmetry of the trace in the frequency domain, the time domain result is harmonic. The band pass and low pass modes are compared below. Transform Band pass Low pass...
  • Page 161 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu 32 dB Normal Profile Good compromise between pulse width and (Hann) sidelobe suppression Steep Falloff 46 dB Dynamic range: separation of distant responses (Bohman) with different amplitude Arbitrary Sidelobes User defined between 1.2 (at 32 dB sidelobe Adjustment to individual needs;...
  • Page 162 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu After calculating a harmonic grid, the analyzer must determine the value of the measured quantity at zero frequency and possibly at additional points in the range between f = 0 and f = f The following figure shows a scenario where the harmonic grid was calculated with fixed Stop Frequency and Number of Points.
  • Page 163 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu unchanged but may increase the sweep time, due to the additional sweep points introduced. The three grids can be calculated repeatedly in any order; the analyzer always starts from the original set of sweep points. •...
  • Page 164 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Grid type: Keep Sweep time Time domain resolution Unambiguous range Stop freq. and no. of points Freq. gap and no. of points Stop freq. and approx. freq. gap Remote CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME:LPASs KFSTop | control: KDFRequency | KSDFrequency Time Gate Switches the time gate defined via Define Time Gate on or off.

  • Page 165: Import/Export Data

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Start and Stop or Center and Span define the size of the time gate. The analyzer generates a warning if the selected time span exceeds the unambiguous range which is given by Qt = 1/ f, where Qf is the spacing between two consecutive frequency points.
  • Page 166 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Import Data... calls up an Open File dialog to load a memory trace from a trace file. • Export Data... calls up a Save As... dialog to store data or memory traces to a trace file. •...
  • Page 167 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Coupling between the imported memory trace and the active data trace implies that the stimulus values of the imported data and of the active trace must be compatible. Compatibility means that the Sweep Type of the two traces must match;...
  • Page 168 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu option is not available for Matlab (*.dat) file export. Touchstone files *.s<n>p contain either a single trace (*.s1p) or the complete set of S-parameters of an n-port and use the point as Dec. Separator; see Trace File Formats.
  • Page 169 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu analyzer is only possible if the complex trace values are available. Export Formatted Data corresponds to a standard Save As... dialog with an additional panel to specify the export Options. The Dec. Separator export option is not available for Matlab (*.dat) file export. Touchstone files *.s<n>p contain either a single trace (*.s1p) or the complete set of S-parameters of an n-port and use the point as Dec.
  • Page 170 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Use the ASCII (*.csv) format if you want to do one of the following: • Import the created file into a spreadsheet application such as Microsoft Excel. • Export an arbitrary number of traces, multiple traces with the same parameter or memory traces. •...
  • Page 171 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Touchstone (*.s<n>p) files • ASCII (*.csv) files • Matlab (*.dat) files are ASCII files which can be imported and processed in Matlab. The trace file formats complement each other; see Selecting an appropriate file format. Touchstone files All Touchstone files contain a header, a comment section, and the actual trace data: # HZ S RI R...

  • Page 172: Shift Response Value

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The header consists of the following data elements: <Stimulus> stimulus variable: freq for Frequency sweep. <reTrace1> first response value of first trace: re<Trace_Name>, mag<Trace_Name> or db<Trace_Name> for output format Real-Imag, Lin. Mag-Phase or dB Mag-Phase, respectively. The data format for export files can be selected in the Export Data dialog.

  • Page 173: Shift Stimulus Value

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu magnitude unchanged. • The Real added constant shifts a real trace in vertical direction, leaving the imaginary part unchanged. • The Imaginary added constant shifts a imaginary trace in vertical direction, leaving the real part unchanged.

  • Page 174: Marker

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:PHOLd MAX | OFF Marker -> The Marker -> submenu uses the active marker to define the sweep range, scale the diagram and introduce an electrical length offset. The functions in the upper section provide search functions to locate specific points on the trace. •...

  • Page 175: Start = Marker

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu By default the search range coincides with the sweep range. If the active trace contains no markers, a marker Mkr 1 is created to indicate the search result. Next Peak is disabled while a Target Search is active.

  • Page 176: Marker Search

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu the delay at the marker position vanishes. The delay represents the propagation time of the wave across the DUT, so this operation corresponds to a electrical length compensation, i.e. to a shift of the reference plane by adding to or subtracting from the test port a simulated lossless transmission line of variable length.
  • Page 177 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Marker Tracking causes the search to be repeated after each sweep. • Def Peak defines the criteria for the peak search. • Search Range... assigns a search range to each marker of the current trace. The search functions are available in all Cartesian and polar diagram types (see Trace –...
  • Page 178 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Target Search activates the search for the target value. • Target Search > activates the search for the target value to the right of the active marker. • < Target Search activates the search for the target value to the left of the active marker. •...
  • Page 179 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu target value. The target search range is between the (Start) of the sweep range and the active marker position. If the active trace contains no markers, a marker Mkr 1 is created to indicate the search result, and the target search range starts at the end (Stop) of the sweep range.
  • Page 180 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The analyzer locates bandpass and bandstop regions and determines their position (Center frequency) and shape (Bandwidth, LBE, UBE, Quality factor Q; see Show Results). For a meaningful definition of the x dB Bandwidth criterion, the trace format must be dB Mag. •...
  • Page 181 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Mkr 1 indicates the maximum of the peak (Max). • Mkr 2 indicates the point on the left edge of the peak where the trace value is equal to the maximum minus x dB Bandwidth (Lower Band Edge, LBE). •...
  • Page 182 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu When Bandstop Search is activated the analyzer uses (or creates) the four markers Mkr 1 to Mkr 4 to locate the bandstop region. • Mkr 1 indicates the minimum of the peak (Min). • Mkr 2 indicates the point on the left edge of the peak where the trace value is equal to the maximum in the search range (passband value) minus x dB Bandwidth (Lower Band Edge, LBE).
  • Page 183 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Bandpass / Bandstop Absolute Level: The bandpass / bandstop is the tallest/lowest peak in the search range. To be valid, the peak must be above / below –x dB, where x is numerically equal to the <x dB Bandwidth>...
  • Page 184 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu search ranges 1 to 10 is selected. Search range properties In contrast to the marker properties defined in the Marker and Search menus, the ten search ranges are valid for the entire setup. This means that, once defined, each of them can be used for any trace in the setup, irrespective of the channel that the trace belongs to.

  • Page 185: Marker Tracking

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu measurements. • Loss is the loss of the filter at its center frequency and is equal to the response value of marker no. 4. For an ideal bandpass filter the loss is zero (0 dB), for an ideal bandstop filter it is – dB. The info field contains the following search results: •...

  • Page 186: Search Range

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu It is possible to select the peak type up to ten times for each trace and assign the selection to the markers no. 1 to 10. • Marker Selects one of the ten markers that can be assigned to the trace. If a selected marker does not exist, it is created as soon as On is checked.

  • Page 187: Marker

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu customized search ranges. • Start defines the beginning of the search range. Start must be smaller than the Stop value, otherwise the search will not be initiated. • Stop defines the end of the search range. Stop must be larger than the Start value, otherwise the search will not be initiated.
  • Page 188 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • A reference marker(Ref) defines the reference value for all delta markers. • A delta marker(Q) indicates the coordinates relative to the reference marker. • The stimulus value of a discrete marker always coincides with a sweep point. A special set of markers Mk1 to Mkr4 is provided for bandfilter search mode.

  • Page 189: Marker 1, 2, 3

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Delta Mode switches the delta mode for the active marker on or off. • Coupled Mkrs activates or deactivates marker coupling. • Marker 1, ..., Marker 10 and Ref. Marker create a marker or remove it from the display. A removed marker remembers its properties (stimulus value, format, delta mode, number) and will be restored with these properties when Marker <n>...

  • Page 190: Delta Mode

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:REFerence[:STATe] ON CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:REFerence:Y? Delta Mode Converts the active marker to a delta marker so that its values are measured and indicated relative to the reference marker (toggle function). A Q sign placed in front of the marker line indicates that the marker is in Delta Mode.
  • Page 191 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu All marker formats are available irrespective of the measured quantity. The output values are calculated by a simple conversion of a complex measurement result, where the marker format defines the conversion rules. This flexibility in the calculation must be kept in mind when interpreting the results and physical units displayed;...

  • Page 192: More Mkrs

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu (Inverted Smith diagram) L or C** The delay aperture is defined in the Trace – Format menu. The equivalent inductances or capacitances L or C are calculated from the imaginary part of the impedance according to Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FORMat ...

  • Page 193: Discrete Mkrs

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:COUPled[:STATe] ON Discrete Mkrs Turns the active marker into a discrete marker and vice versa. The stimulus value of a discrete marker always coincides with a sweep point. Use discrete markers in order to avoid that the marker indicates an interpolated measurement value.

  • Page 194: Export Mkrs

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Markers must be inside the sweep range and have a valid response value when they are fixed. • Delta Mode sets the selected marker to delta mode and displays its values relative to the reference marker.

  • Page 195: S11, S12, S21, S22

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • S11, S12, S21, S22 select the four elements of the standard 2-port scattering matrix (S- parameters). • S-Param Wizard opens a series of dialogs providing the settings for a standard S-parameter measurement. • Distance-to-Fault enables or disables the location of a discontinuity on a transmission line (with option R&S ZVL-K2).

  • Page 196: S-Parameter Wizard

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The S-parameters are the basic measured quantities of a network analyzer. They describe how the DUT modifies a signal that is transmitted or reflected in forward or reverse direction. S-parameters are expressed as S , where <out>...

  • Page 197: Distance-To-Fault

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu used for transmission S-parameters, Cartesian or Smith diagrams for reflection parameters. Select the sweep settings Choose the frequency range and the number of measurement points per sweep. The sweep range is defined by two values (start and stop frequency or center frequency and span). The measurement points are equidistant across the sweep range.
  • Page 198 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The parameters of the impulse response and frequency-domain representation are related due to the mathematical properties of the time-domain transform. In practice, this means that the sweep points may have to be adjusted to the length of the transmission line and the expected distance-to-fault: •...
  • Page 199 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Full One-Port P2 Cal opens the calibration wizard to perform a full one-port calibration at port no. 2 and re-adjust the reference plane (distance zero). • Fault Limit defines a minimum response value in dB for a trace maximum to be considered as being due to a fault.
  • Page 200 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Stimulus Frequency Opens a submenu which gives access to the frequency stimulus axis settings for the active channel. The stimulus frequency settings that the R&S ZVL uses for the distance-to-fault measurement are identical with the general Channel – Stimulus settings. Previous settings are not restored when the distance-to-fault measurement is switched off.
  • Page 201 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The pull-down list in the Cable Type dialog contains an ideal air line (with a relative permittivity of 1, a corresponding velocity factor of 1, and zero attenuation) and a wide range of standard cable types. Click Available Cable Types to open a second dialog where you can view the parameters of the predefined cable types and add new types.
  • Page 202 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Use the MMEMory... commands to store or re-load all cable specifications including the user-defined ones to/from a separate directory. Remote control: CALCulate:TRANsform:DTFault:DEFine CALCulate:TRANsform:DTFault:SELect CALCulate:TRANsform:DTFault:DELete MMEMory:LOAD:CABLe MMEMory:SAVE:CABLe Attenuation Factors for Cables The measured cables are assumed to be homogenuous so that the attenuation per length unit is constant. This means that the attenuation can be expressed in units of dB/m or dB/ft, depending on the Distance Unit selected in the System Configuration dialog.
  • Page 203 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Remote control: CALCulate:TRANsform:DTFault:DEFine Full One-Port Cal... Opens the calibration wizard to perform a full one-port calibration at port no. 2. The calibration serves several purposes: • Define the reference plane (zero distance). • Normalize the trace (total reflection of the signal corresponds to a 0 dB peak). •...

  • Page 204: Impedance

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Remote control: CALCulate:TRANsform:DTFault:PEAK:STATe ON | OFF CALCulate:TRANsform:DTFault:PEAK:COUNt? CALCulate:TRANsform:DTFault:PEAK:DATA<nr>? Export Fault List... Opens a Save As... dialog to write the fault list data to an ASCII file. Example: The fault list: is described by the file: Remote control: –...

  • Page 205: Admittance

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu a reflection measurement. Remote CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:MEASure "<Trace_Name>", "Z-S11" | "Z-S12" control: | "Z-S21" | "Z-S22" [SENSe<Chn>:]FUNCtion[:ON] "...:POWer:Z<11 | 12 | 21 | 22>" Create new trace and select name and measurement parameter: CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:SDEFine "<Trace_Name>", "Z-S11" | "Z-S12" | "Z-S21"...

  • Page 206: Stability Factors

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Use the Inverted Smith chart to obtain an alternative, graphical representation of the converted admittances in a reflection measurement. Remote CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:MEASure "<Trace_Name>", "Y-S11" | "Y-S12" control: | "Y-S21" | "Y-S22" [SENSe<Chn>:]FUNCtion[:ON] "...:POWer:Y<11 | 12 | 21 | 22>" Create new trace and select name and measurement parameter: CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:SDEFine "<Trace_Name>", "Y-S11"...

  • Page 207: Format

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu References: Marion Lee Edwards and Jeffrey H. Sinsky, "A New Criterion for Linear 2-Port Stability Using a Single Geometrically Derived Parameter", IEEE Trans. MTT, vol. 40, No. 12, pp. 2303-2311, Dec. 1992. Remote CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:MEASure "<Trace_Name>", "KFAC21" | control: "MUF121"...

  • Page 208: Db Mag

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu of them have an influence on the way the analyzer presents data on the screen. The analyzer allows arbitrary combinations of display formats and measured quantities (Trace – Measure). Nevertheless, in order to extract useful information from the data, it is important to select a display format which is appropriate to the analysis of a particular measured quantity;...

  • Page 209: Smith

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Smith Selects a Smith chart to display a complex quantity, primarily a reflection S-parameter. Properties: The Smith chart is a circular diagram obtained by mapping the positive complex semi-plane into a unit circle. Points with the same resistance are located on circles, points with the same reactance produce arcs.

  • Page 210: Aperture

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Y = Frequency/angular velocity in radians/s f = Frequency in Hz In practice, the analyzer calculates an approximation to the derivative of the phase response, taking a small frequency interval Qf and determining the corresponding phase change Qa. The delay is thus computed as: The aperture Qf must be adjusted to the conditions of the measurement.

  • Page 211: Swr

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Calculation of Jf and JK With a given number of aperture steps n the delay at sweep point no. m is calculated as follows: • If n is even (n = 2k), then Qf (m) = f (m+k) – f (m–k) and Qa(m) = Qa (m+k) – Qa (m–k). •...

  • Page 212: Lin Mag

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu SWR = V = (|V | + |V |) / (|V | – |V |) = (1 + |S |) / (1 – |S Application: Reflection measurements with conversion of the complex S-parameter to a real SWR. Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:FORMat SWR Lin Mag Selects a Cartesian diagram with a linear vertical axis scale to display the magnitude of the measured...

  • Page 213: Inv Smith

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu imaginary parts are displayed in the polar diagram. Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:FORMat IMAGinary Inv Smith Selects an inverted Smith chart to display a complex quantity, primarily a reflection S-parameter. Properties: The Inverted Smith chart is a circular diagram obtained by mapping the positive complex semi-plane into a unit circle.

  • Page 214: Autoscale

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • Autoscale adjusts the diagram scale in order to display the entire active trace in the diagram area. • Autoscale All adjusts the diagram scale in order to display all traces in the diagram area. •...

  • Page 215: Autoscale All

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu • In circular diagrams (Polar, Smith, Inverted Smith), the analyzer re-calculates the values of the radial divisions so that the diagram is confined to approx. 80% of the outer circumference. The reference value is set to the value of the outer circumference. Autoscale does not affect the stimulus values and the horizontal axis.

  • Page 216: Maximize

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The reference line is indicated by a symbol at the right edge of the diagram area. The color of the symbol corresponds to the trace color. Ref. Position is defined on a linear scale between 0 (bottom line of the diagram) and 10 (top line of the diagram).

  • Page 217: Split All

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The active trace and active channel is highlighted. The scaling of the axes corresponds to the active trace. To hide all traces except the active one, select Split All and Maximize. Remote control: No command, display configuration only. Split All Splits the active window into as many diagram areas as there are traces and assigns a single trace to each area.

  • Page 218: Show Limit Line

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu (No direct access via front panel keys) • Show Limit Line displays or hides the limit line associated with the active trace. • Limit Check On activates or deactivates the limit check. • Define Limit Line opens a dialog to define, save or recall limit lines. •...

  • Page 219: Limit Check On

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Limit Check On Switches the limit check of the active trace on or off. A checkmark appears next to the menu item when the limit check is enabled. When the limit check is switched on, a PASS or FAIL message is displayed in the center of the diagram. If the limit check fails at a measurement point, the two trace segments to the left and right of the point can change their color.
  • Page 220 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu segment the limit line is defined as a straight line connecting two points. Creating limit lines with minimum effort Choose one of the following methods to efficiently create and handle limit lines: • To define a limit line with only a few segments, use Add Segment and edit each segment in the segment table individually.
  • Page 221 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Calls up a standard Import File dialog to load a limit line from a trace file. The limit line import is analogous to the import of traces. Trace files are ASCII files with selectable file format. After the trace file is selected, the Properties of Imported Segments dialogwith further global import options is opened.
  • Page 222 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The context menu provides the following functions: • Modification of all entries in the segment table: Type, start and stop values for the stimulus and response variable. • Definition of an offset for response and stimulus values in analogy to the Properties of Imported Segments dialog.
  • Page 223 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu As a consequence of the limit line rules, the limit check will always pass a DUT if no limit lines are defined. File Import Settings The Properties of Imported Segments dialog appears before a trace is imported into the Define Limit Line dialog.

  • Page 224: Horizontal Line

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Horizontal Line Shows or hides the horizontal line associated with the active trace in a Cartesian diagram area. A checkmark appears next to the menu item when the horizontal line is shown. The horizontal line (or display line) is a red line which can be moved to particular trace points in order to retrieve the response values.

  • Page 225: Global Check

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu the trace must not exceed the specified limit. This test is suitable e.g. to check whether the passband ripple of a filter is within acceptable limits, irrespective of the actual transmitted power in the passband. See also background information for Limit Lines.

  • Page 226: Ripple Check On

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:DISPlay[:STATe] ON | OFF Ripple Check On Switches the ripple limit check of the active trace on or off. A checkmark appears next to the menu item when the limit check is enabled. When the limit check is switched on, an info field shows the pass/fail information and the measured ripple in each ripple limit range.
  • Page 227 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu The Define Ripple Limit dialog contains a table to edit the individual ripple check ranges; see below. The active trace is indicated in the title bar of the dialog. The buttons below the table extend, shorten, or re- order the range list.
  • Page 228 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Trace Menu Remote control: CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:CONTrol:DOMain CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:DATA CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:SEGment<Seg>... CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:DELete:ALL MMEMory:STORe:RIPPle MMEMory:LOAD:RIPPle Multi-Selection of Ripple Limit Ranges In the Define Ripple Limit dialog it is possible to edit several limit ripple ranges at the same time. Selection of one or more ranges (use the left mouse key and the Shift key of an external keyboard) and a right-click on the dark grey Seg.

  • Page 229: Channel Menu

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu As a consequence of the limit line rules, the limit check will always pass a DUT if no limit lines are defined. File Format for Ripple Limit Lines The analyzer uses a simple ASCII format to export ripple limit data. By default, the limit line file has the extension *.ripple and is stored in the directory shown in the Save Ripple Limit and Recall Ripple Limit dialogs.

  • Page 230: Stimulus

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The channel settings complement the definitions of the Trace menu. Each trace is assigned to a channel, see Traces, Channels and Diagram Areas. The channel settings apply to all traces assigned to the channel. (No direct access via front panel keys) The Channel menu contains the following functions and submenus: •...

  • Page 231: Pwr Bw

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Remote [SENSe<Ch>:]FREQuency:STARt control: [SENSe<Ch>:]FREQuency:STOP [SENSe<Ch>:]FREQuency:CENTer [SENSe<Ch>:]FREQuency:SPAN Pwr Bw The Pwr Bw submenu defines the power of the internal signal source and sets the step attenuators and the IF bandwidths. • Power defines the power of the internal signal source. •...

  • Page 232: Step Atten B1

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Step Atten b1..., Step Atten b2... Opens the numeric entry bar to set the attenuation for the received wave b1 or b2 respectively. The attenuation is used to adjust the received signal level at the port to the input level range of the analyzer in order to avoid damage to the instrument, e.g.

  • Page 233: Cal

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Fine Adjust... opens a dialog to modify the selected measurement bandwidth and the selectivity of the IF filter. • The input field shows the last IF filter bandwidth selected. The arrow buttons increment and decrement the bandwidth in 1-2-5 steps for each decade.

  • Page 234: Start Cal

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • Start Cal opens a submenu to select a new calibration and start the calibration wizard. • Repeat Prev Cal reopens the wizard to repeat and optimize the previous calibration. • Correction Off activates or deactivates the system error correction in the active channel. •...
  • Page 235 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu One-port calibrations can be performed automatically or manually. • Calibration Unit 75 Q starts an automatic full one-port calibration. This function is enabled while the Calibration Unit is connected. The following menu commands calls up the start dialog of the calibration wizard to start a manual calibration: •...
  • Page 236 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu a through standard). This calibration type is preferable (compared to a unidirectional normalization), if both transmission parameters (S and S ) are measured. • One Path Two-Port initiates a full one-port calibration. • TOSM initiates a Through-Open-Short-Match (12-term) calibration [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:AUTO ' ', <port_no>...
  • Page 237 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The table contains the following rows: • Physical Port Number # The ports (and therefore the number of table rows) are determined by the active calibration type selected in the Start Cal submenu. • Connector provides a drop-down list to select the connector type An (f) behind the connector type denotes female connectors, an (m) denotes male connectors.
  • Page 238 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Checks on switching to the next dialog When the Next> buttonis pressed the analyzer checks the calibration kits and the matching of the calibration standards and possibly displays a notice box (confirm with OK). This happens if one of the calibration kits is described by ideal kit parameters or typical values.
  • Page 239 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Standards list whenever the selected calibration type requires a Match. A click on the node expands the check boxes for the different positions of the load element. The number of different positions is defined in the User Interface tab of the System Configuration dialog. The sliding match is a one-port standard consisting of an air line with a movable, low-reflection load element (sliding load).
  • Page 240 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Standards. Hiding the diagram leaves more space for displaying the characteristics of the measured standards. • Keep Measurement Data for >Repeat Previous Cal< causes the raw measurement data of the standards to be stored after the calibration is completed. This enables the Repeat Prev Cal... command, which can be used to optimize a previous calibration without repeating the measurement of all standards.

  • Page 241: Repeat Prev Cal

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • The bandwidth settings during the calibration differ from the bandwidth settings during the measurement. • The point delay settings during the calibration differ from the point delay settings during the measurement. The system error correction is no longer applied (e.g. turned off by the user). See also Off ! Calibration Overview.
  • Page 242 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Electrical Length, Mechanical Length or Delay are coupled parameters. When one of them is changed, the other two follow. The velocity factor is 1/sqrt(] ) and is a measure for the velocity of light in a dielectric with permittivity ] relative to the velocity of light in the vacuum (velocity factor <...
  • Page 243 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu To account for the propagation in both directions, the phase shift of a reflection parameter due to a given length offset is twice the phase shift of a transmission parameter. If, at a frequency of 300 MHz, the electrical length is increased by 250 mm (d/4), then the phase of S increases by 90 deg, whereas the phase of S...
  • Page 244 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The dialog provides the following additional control elements: • Select Cable Type opens a dialog to use the parameters of a standard (predefined) cable type or add a cable type with arbitrary parameters. • If Same Offset Line Characteristics at All Ports is selected, the selected cable type is applied to all ports.
  • Page 245 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Delay Opens a dialog to define the length offset parameters for the physical test ports as delays. The dialog also contains the DC loss, the loss at the reference frequency Loss(f ); and the reference frequency f ;...
  • Page 246 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Auto Offset Determines all offset parameters such that the residual group delay of the active trace (defined as the negative derivative of the phase response) is minimized and the measured loss is minimized as far as possible across the entire sweep range.
  • Page 247 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The idea of virtual embedding is to simulate the matching network and avoid using physical circuitry so that the analyzer ports can be directly connected to the input and output ports of the DUT. The matching circuit is taken into account numerically.
  • Page 248 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • Transformation networks can be defined by a set of S-parameters stored in a Touchstone file or by an equivalent circuit with lumped elements. • The same networks are available for embedding and deembedding. •...
  • Page 249 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • Transformation Network contains all available 2-port networks (see below). Networks are either defined by lumped elements or by means of imported S-parameter data. The active network appears in inverse colors. The element parameters (C, R, L) for the selected network are displayed on the right side.

  • Page 250: Cal Manager

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Remote CALCulate<Ch>:TRANsform:VNETwork:SENDed... control: MMEMory:LOAD:VNETworks<Ch>:SENDed:DEEMbedding<Ph_pt> '<file_name>' MMEMory:LOAD:VNETworks<Ch>:SENDed:EMBedding<Ph_pt> '<file_name>' Cal Manager Opens a dialog to store system error correction and power correction data to the cal pool and to assign stored correction data to channels. Cal pool The cal pool is a collection of correction data sets (cal groups) that the analyzer stores in a common directory C:\Rohde&Schwarz\NWA\Calibration\Data.

  • Page 251: Recall Last Cal Set

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu the Power Correction Data available for the channel selection in the Calibration State panel. Calibration states One of the following calibration states is assigned to each of the channels listed in the Cal State table: •...

  • Page 252: Automatic Calibration (Procedure)

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu setup is already active, nothing is changed. • The calibrated setups are automatically stored in the C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\Calibration\RecallSets directory. A message box pops up if the directory is empty, e.g. because no calibration was performed yet. Automatic Calibration (Procedure) A Calibration Unit is an integrated solution for automatic system error correction of vector network analyzers.
  • Page 253 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Note: • The calibration unit is intended for direct connection to ZVB network analyzers following the procedure described above. You can also connect the unit before switching on the analyzer. Do not connect the unit to other USB hosts, e.g.
  • Page 254 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Attention! The maximum RF input power of the calibration unit is beyond the RF output power range of the analyzer, so there is no risk of damage if the device is directly connected to the test ports. If you use an external power amplifier, make sure that the maximum RF input power of the calibration unit quoted in the data sheet is never exceeded.

  • Page 255: Cal Kits

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • Restore the Default Port Assignment (port 1 / 2 of the analyzer to port 1 / 2 of the cal unit). This is important if the automatic detection of the port assignment fails. •...
  • Page 256 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The Calibration Kits dialog contains a series of buttons, each of them opening a dialog: • Import Kit imports a cal kit file containing the parameters for a new calibration kit. It is possible to load several kits, so the analyzer asks whether to set the imported calibration kit active.
  • Page 257 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu see below. Make sure to use universal or individual parameter sets if you need to obtain high-precision results. The precision of the calibration kit parameters determine the accuracy of the system error correction and of the measurements.
  • Page 258 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu By default cal kit files are stored in the C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\Calibration\Kits directory. To import a ZVL-specific or ZVR-specific cal kit file (*.ck or *.calkit) you can also use the Windows Explorer and simply double-click the file or drag and drop the file into the NWA application. The imported cal kit file is automatically set active.
  • Page 259 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu open the View / Modify Standard in <kit_name> dialog check the standard parameters. All other controls are inactive. In its upper part the Add or View / Modify Calibration Kit dialog contains several controls to do the following: •...
  • Page 260 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu In the dialog, it is possible to select one of the calibration kits in use (Kit Name) and select either all or a single standard to be copied. A calibration kit may only contain a single standard of each type. Available Connector Types Displays and modifies the list of available connector types.
  • Page 261 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu After assigning a calibration or adapter kit to a user-defined connector type, you can still change its name, offset model and reference impedance. Switching between sexed and sexless will delete all kits assigned to the connector type. Remote control: [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:CONNection [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:CONNection:DELete Offset Model Dialog...
  • Page 262 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Add or View / Modify Standard Defines, displays or modifies the properties of the calibration standards in a particular calibration kit. This dialog is opened from the Add or View / Modify Calibration Kit dialog (Add Standard... or View / Modify Standard...
  • Page 263 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • Frequency range (Min. Freq. to Max. Freq) for which the circuit model is valid. During calibration, the analyzer checks whether the sweep range is contained in the validity range of all measured standards and possibly generates a warning (see Measure Standards dialog). •...
  • Page 264 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The offset parameters depend on whether or not the circuit model is defined in Agilent Mode (see Add/Modify Calibration Kit dialog): • If Agilent Mode is active, then the standard is characterized by its Delay (in s), its characteristic impedance Z (in V) and its Offset Loss (in GV/s).
  • Page 265 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The impedance for waveguides is frequency-dependent. If a waveguide line type is selected in the Offset Model dialog, the Char. Impedance field is disabled and indicates "varies" instead of a definite impedance value. Moreover no Loss or Offset Loss can be set. Offset parameters and standard types Offset parameters are used to describe all types of standards except the Sliding Match and the Attenuation.

  • Page 266: Sweep

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu factor at both ports is zero). No load and offset parameters need to be set. Remote control: [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:CKIT:<conn_type>:<std_type> Calibration Standard Types The following table gives an overview of the different standards and their offset and load models: Standard Characteristics Ideal Standard...

  • Page 267: Sweep Type

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The Sweep menu provides the following settings: • Sweep Type defines the position of sweep points (frequency values) in the sweep range. • Number of Points sets the total number of measurement points over the sweep range. •...
  • Page 268 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu over the continuous frequency range. In a Cartesian diagram, the x-axis is a linear frequency axis. • Log Frequency is analogous to Lin. Frequency, however, the frequency is swept in equidistant steps on a logarithmic scale. In a Cartesian diagram, the x-axis is a logarithmic frequency axis. •...
  • Page 269 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Remote control: [SENSe<Ch>:]SWEep:TPYE LOGarithmic [SENSe<Chn>:]FUNCtion[:ON] "XFRequency:..." Segmented Frequency In a Segmented Frequency sweep the sweep range can be composed of several continuous, non- overlapping frequency sub-ranges or single frequency points. The sub-ranges are termed sweep segments and defined in the Define Segments dialog.
  • Page 270 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The Define Segments dialog contains a table to edit the individual segments of the sweep range. Sweep segments must not overlap, however, two adjacent segments can have one common point; see Columns in the Define Limit Line table. Below the table, three groups of controls provide additional settings.
  • Page 271 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu The commands in the [SENSe<Chn>:]SEGMent... subsystem define all sweep Remote segment settings. control: Inserting and Deleting Segments Three buttons on the left side below the table in the Define Segments dialog extend or shorten the segment list: •...
  • Page 272 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu [SENSe<Chn>:]SEGMent<Seg>:DEFine [SENSe<Chn>:]SEGMent<Seg>:INSert [SENSe<Chn>:]SEGMent<Seg>:SWEep:DWELl [SENSe<Chn>:]SEGMent<Seg>:ATTenuation<Pt> Point List, Segment Import and Export The buttons on the right side below the table in the Define Segments dialog are used to retrieve the position of the defined sweep points import and export limit line data. •...

  • Page 273: Number Of Points

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu is described by the following sweep segment file: The sweep segment file actually contains more columns listing all channel settings of the individual sweep segments. The headings of the additional columns read: µ Source Power [dBm]; IF Bandwidth [Hz]; enIF Selectivity; en IF Sideband; Meas Delay [ s];...

  • Page 274: Meas Delay

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • If the sweep range is defined by means of the Start and Stop variables, both the Stop value and the Number of Points can vary as the Stimulus Step Size is changed. The Stop value is changed as little as possible so that the condition Stimulus Step Size = (Stop –...

  • Page 275: Define Restart

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Define Restart Opens a dialog to configure the Single sweep mode. • Number of Sweeps selects the number of sweeps to be measured in single sweep mode: either one (Single Sweep) or a group of consecutive sweeps. •...
  • Page 276 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • Free Run is the default trigger mode. A new measurement is started immediately without waiting for a trigger signal and without fixed time reference. • The External trigger signal is applied to the EXT TRIGGER / GATE IN connector on the rear panel.

  • Page 277: Average Factor

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Trigger Settings Trigger Settings opens a dialog to specify the operation that the analyzer carries out after receiving a trigger event. The dialog is divided into the following panels (for a detailed description refer to the following sections): •...

  • Page 278: Channel Select

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu An average over several sweeps reduces the influence of random effects in the measurement and therefore minimizes the noise level. The effect increases with the average factor, however, obtaining an averaged result requires several sweeps and therefore increases the measurement time. The average factor is also valid for calibration sweeps: The calculation of system correction data is based on the averaged trace.

  • Page 279: Next Channel

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu • Next Channel selects the next channel as the active channel (disabled if only one channel is defined). • Select Channel opens a box to select an arbitrary channel of the active setup as the active channel (disabled if only one channel is defined).

  • Page 280: Select Channel

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu Select Channel • Opens a box to select an arbitrary trace of the active setup as the active trace. This function is disabled if the current setup contains only one channel. If one or several traces are assigned to the selected channel, one of these traces becomes the active trace.

  • Page 281: Delete Channel

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Channel Menu CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:SDEFine "<Trc_name>", "<Parameter>" DISPlay:WINDow<No>:STATe ON DISPlay:WINDow<No>:TRACe:FEED "<Trc_name>" Delete Channel Deletes the current channel including all traces assigned to the channel and removes all display elements related to the channel from the diagram area. Delete Channel is disabled if the setup contains only one channel: In manual control, each setup must contain at least one diagram area with one channel and one trace.

  • Page 282: Nwa-Setup Menu

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu • Traces indicates the names of all traces assigned to the channel. Remote control: CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>:CATalog? CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>:NAME CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>:NAME:ID? CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>[:STATe] Nwa-Setup Menu The Nwa-Setup menu provides all display settings and the functions to activate, modify and arrange different diagram areas.

  • Page 283: Delete Diag Area

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu Active and inactive traces and diagram areas The active window can display several diagram areas simultaneously, each with a variable number of traces. One of these areas and traces is active at each time. The area number in the upper right corner of the active area is highlighted.

  • Page 284: Dual Split

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu Remote control: DISPlay:WINDow<Wnd>:STATe OFF Dual Split Splits the window horizontally into two diagram areas and distributes the traces among the two areas, separating diagrams with different trace Format and Channel settings (e.g. Cartesian and polar diagrams). To vary the size and position of the two diagram areas, drag and drop the separating frames or use the Split Manager.

  • Page 285: Quad Split

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu Quad Split Splits the active window into four diagram areas and distributes the traces among the four areas, separating diagrams with different trace Format and the Channel settings (e.g. Cartesian and polar diagrams). If less than four traces are available, some diagram areas are empty and display No Trace. To vary the size and position of the diagram areas, drag and drop the separating frames or use the Split Manager.
  • Page 286 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu Lineup Stack Tile Horizontally Tile Vertically Operating Manual 1303.6580.32-06...

  • Page 287: Title

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu Rows and Columns (2 | 1): the 3rd trace is displayed in overlay mode. No command, display configuration only. Remote control: Title Opens a dialog to opens a dialog to define a title and display it in one of the diagram areas. •...

  • Page 288: Color Scheme

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu • Color Scheme controls the colors in all diagram areas. • Softkey Labels shows or hides the softkey bar at the right edge of the screen. • Status Bar shows or hides the status bar across the bottom of the screen. •...
  • Page 289 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu styles of the individual display elements. User-defined color schemes can be saved to a file for later reuse. The following control elements change the current color scheme: • The screen element to be modified is selected from the Element drop-down list. The list contains the background and all traces, text elements and lines in the diagrams.

  • Page 290: Softkey Labels

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu To recall a color scheme file (*.ColorScheme) you can also use the Windows Explorer and simply double-click the file or drag and drop the file into the NWA application. Remote DISPlay:CMAP<Element>:RGB <red>, <green>, <blue> [,<trace_style>, control: <trace_width>] DISPlay:CMAP<Element>:MARKer[:STATe] ON | OFF...

  • Page 291: Undo

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu • The frequency stimulus ranges below the diagram area. • The frequency stimulus values in the marker info field, at the marker position and in the marker table. The Frequency Info setting is valid for frequency and segmented frequency sweeps only. Remote control: DISPlay:ANNotation:FREQuency[:STATe] ON | OFF Undo Reverses the last action, if possible.
  • Page 292 R&S ZVL GUI Reference Nwa-Setup Menu The two check boxes in the User Settings panel switch the instrument messages or transparent info fields on or off. The Instrument Messages setting is also valid if the instrument is remote- controlled. With transparent info fields the grid and traces underneath are still visible. Dialog Transparency varies the transparency of all dialogs on a scale between 0% and 100%.

  • Page 293: External Tools

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Help Menu swapped (FORMat:BORDer SWAPped). • If the PNA language is activated, Agilent-compatible ID and OPT strings are set. The bit order for transferred binary data is normal. • If one of the HP xxxx languages is activated, HP xxxx-compatible ID and OPT strings are set.

  • Page 294: Help Topics

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key Help Topics Opens this help system. The help file is opened with the Welcome topic and remembers its last size, position and default navigation tab (Contents, Index,...). For more information see About this Help. About NWA...
  • Page 295 R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key The following table shows all softkeys available in the file menu. It is possible that your instrument configuration does not provide all softkeys. If a softkey is only available with a special option, model or (measurement) mode, this information is delivered in the corresponding softkey description.

  • Page 296: Navigation In The Dialog Boxes For Saving And Loading Settings Files

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key Rename Paste More g Delete Sort Mode g Name Date Extension Size File Lists 1/2 Current File List 1/2 Network Drive Map Network Drive Disconnect Network Drive Recall Shortcuts g <File Names> More g Hardcopy Navigation in the dialog boxes for saving and loading settings files The Save, Recall and Startup Recall dialog boxes are used to save and recall settings files and use the...

  • Page 297: Save

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key • File Name field • If the Save or Recall dialog box is opened, the focus is on the File Name field. Enter the name in the File Name field. The extension of the data name is ignored. •...

  • Page 298: Select File

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key Select File Sets the focus on the Files list. Edit File Name Sets the focus on the File Name field. In the Save dialog box, the field already contains a suggestion for a new name: the file name used in the last saving process is counted up to the next unused name.

  • Page 299: Recall

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key Remote Control: MMEM:CLE:STAT 1, 'Test' Recall Opens the Recall dialog box to load a settings file. For details on the dialog box see Save softkey. To navigate in the dialog box and define/enter settings use the corresponding softkeys. Remote Control: MMEM:LOAD:STAT 1,'C:\R_S\Instr\user\TEST01' Startup Recall...

  • Page 300: Hardcopy

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key Use the Trace – Trace – Import/Export Data submenu to export or import trace data in Network Analyzer mode. Hardcopy Opens the PRINT menu. File Manager Opens the File Manager dialog box and a submenu to manage mass storage media and files. In the upper left corner, the current drive is displayed.

  • Page 301: Edit Path

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key Date Extension Size File Lists 1/2 Current File List 1/2 Network Drive Map Network Drive Disconnect Network Drive Edit Path Opens the directory list to select the folder in which the device configuration is to be stored or loaded. The default path is C:\R_S\Instr\user.

  • Page 302: Paste

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference FILE Key softkey, it is deleted in the current directory. Paste Copies a file from the clipboard to the currently selected directory. Delete Deletes the selected item after confirmation. Remote Control: MMEM:DEL "test01.hcp" MMEM:RDIR "C:\R_S\Instr\user\TEST" Sort Mode Opens a submenu to select the sorting mode for the displayed files.

  • Page 303: Map Network Drive

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key Remote Control: MMEM:NETW:USED MMEM:NETW:UNUS? Map Network Drive Changes the focus to the Drive list. Remote Control: MMEM:NETW:MAP Disconnect Network Drive Opens a dialog to disconnect a (previously connected) network drive. Remote Control: MMEM:NETW:DISC SETUP Key The SETUP key is used to set or display the default settings of the instrument: reference frequency, date, time, LAN interface, firmware update and enabling of options, information about instrument configuration and service support functions.
  • Page 304 R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key LAN Reset GPIB g GPIB Address ID String Factory ID String User GPIB Language Display Update On/Off More g GPIB Terminator LFEOI/EOI *IDN Format Leg./ZVL I/O Logging On/Off Time+Date Meas Display g Display Pwr Save On/Off More g Monitor Int/Ext Soft Frontpanel...

  • Page 305: Reference Int/Ext

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key Service g Reset Password Selftest Selftest Results Password Service Function Reference Int/Ext Switches between the internal and external reference signal source. The default setting is internal reference. It is important, that the external reference signal is deactivated when switching from external to internal reference to avoid interactions.

  • Page 306: Install Option

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key Install Option Opens an edit dialog box to enter the license key for the option that you want to install. A message box opens if an option is about to expire or has already expired (in which case all functions (including remote control) are unavailable until the R&S ZSL is rebooted).

  • Page 307: Configure Network

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key Open Start Menu Configure Network Opens the Network Connections dialog box to change the LAN settings. See Remote Control in a LAN. Time+Date Opens an edit dialog box to enter time and date for the internal real time clock. Remote Control: SYST:TIME 12,30 SYST:DATE 2004,10,01...

  • Page 308: Network Address

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key Network Address Opens a submenu to configure the internet protocol properties and the computer name. Menu (Key) Submenu Submenu Command SETUP g General Setup g Network Address g Computer Name IP Address Subnet Mask DHCP On/Off Computer Name Opens an edit dialog box to enter the computer name via the keypad.

  • Page 309: Lan Status On/Off

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key Menu (Key) Submenu Submenu / Submenu / Command Command SETUP g General LXI g LAN Status On/Off Setup g Info Password Description LAN Reset For a description of the LXI browser interface of the R&S ZVL refer to LXI Configuration. LAN Status On/Off Activates the LAN status bar that shows the current status of the LAN connection.

  • Page 310: Lan Reset

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key Remote control: SYSTem:LXI:MDEScription LAN Reset Initiates the network configuration reset mechanism (Lan Configure Initialize, LCI) for the instrument. Default state of the network settings According to the LXI standard, an LCI must place the following parameters to a default state. Parameter Value TCP/IP Mode...
  • Page 311 R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key • Class C instruments are characterized by a common LAN implementation, including an ICMP ping responder for diagnostics. The instruments can be configured via a web browser; a LAN Configuration Initialize (LCI) mechanism resets the LAN configuration. The LXI class C instruments shall also support automatic detection in a LAN via the VXI-11 discovery protocol and programming by means of IVI drivers.
  • Page 312 R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key opens the Instrument Home Page (welcome page). The instrument home page displays the device information required by the LXI standard including the VISA resource string in read-only format. The Device Indicator toggle button causes the LXI symbol in the status bar of the analyzer to blink (if active).
  • Page 313 R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key The TCP/IP Mode configuration field controls how the IP address for the instrument gets assigned (see also Assigning an IP Address). For the manual configuration mode, the static IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway are used to configure the LAN. The automatic configuration mode uses DHCP server or Dynamic Link Local Addressing (Automatic IP) to obtain the instrument IP address.
  • Page 314 R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key The Advanced LAN Configuration parameters are used as follows: • The Negotiation configuration field provides different Ethernet speed and duplex mode settings. In general, the Auto Detect mode is sufficient. • ICMP Ping must be enabled to use the ping utility. •...

  • Page 315: Gpib (Option Gpib Interface, With Option R&S Fsl-B10 Only)

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key GPIB (option GPIB Interface, with option R&S FSL-B10 only) Opens a submenu to set the parameters of the remote control interface. Menu (Key) Submenu Submenu Command SETUP g General Setup g GPIB g GPIB Address ID String Factory ID String User GPIB Language...

  • Page 316: Gpib Address

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key GPIB Address Opens an edit dialog box to enter the GPIB address. Values from 0 to 30 are allowed. The default address is 20. If, e.g. after a firmware update, the R&S ZVL does not maintain the GPIB address after reboot, the shutdown file needs to be recreated.

  • Page 317: Idn Format Leg./Zvl

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key *IDN Format Leg./ZVL If set to Leg., provides the response to the *IDN? remote command in a format that is compatible to the R&S FSP/FSU/FSQ family (e.g. "Rohde&Schwarz,ZVL-6,100007/006,1.10"). This function is intended for re–use of existing control programs together with the R&S ZVL. The ZVL-compliant ID string contains the order number of the instrument;...

  • Page 318: Clear All Messages

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key information is available: device–specific error code brief description of the message Message hardware messages: name of the affected module Component software messages: name of the affected software date and time of the occurrence of the message Date/Time If the number of error messages exceeds the capacity of the error buffer, Message buffer overflow is displayed.

  • Page 319: Input Rf/Cal/Tg

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference SETUP Key Attention! The service functions are not necessary for normal measurement operation. However, incorrect use can affect correct operation and/or data integrity of the R&S ZVL. Therefore, many of the functions can only be used after entering a password. They are described in the instrument service manual.

  • Page 320: Password

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference PRINT Key indicated. Password Opens an edit dialog box to enter the password. This ensures that the service functions are only used by authorized personnel. Remote Control: SYST:PASS "Password" Service Function Opens the Service Function dialog box to start special service functions. For further information refer to the service manual.

  • Page 321: Device Setup

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference MODE Key last saving process is counted up to the next unused name. If you use a file name that already exists, upon saving, a message is displayed. Selecting Yes overwrites the existing file, selecting No aborts the saving process.

  • Page 322: Control Menus

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Control Menus analyzer is shut down and restored in the next session. MODE opens a selection dialog for the basic measurement modes (Network Analyzer, Spectrum Analyzer) and the supplementary, optional spectrum analyzer modes which are enabled on the instrument; see Optional Extensions. An example is shown below.

  • Page 323: Restore

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Control Menus • Size displays a cursor symbol to size the active window. • Minimize reduces the active window to an icon. • Maximize enlarges the active window to fill the available space. • Close closes the application. •...

  • Page 324: Next

    R&S ZVL GUI Reference Control Menus Next Selects the next diagram area as the active diagram area. This command is available in setup control menus only and is disabled if only one setup is defined. Operating Manual 1303.6580.32-06...
  • Page 326 R&S ZVL Contents Table of Contents Remote Control....................313 Network Analyzer and Spectrum Analyzer Mode .................313 Remote Control Operation......................314 Remote Control: Introduction ......................314 GPIB Explorer ..........................314 Switchover to Remote Control ......................316 Setting the Device Address ......................318 Return to Manual Operation......................318 Combining Manual and Remote Control..................319 Messages............................320 GPIB Interface Messages......................320...
  • Page 327 R&S ZVL Contents Initiating Measurements, Speed Considerations................329 Command Processing........................330 Input Unit ............................330 Command Recognition .........................330 Data Base and Instrument Hardware ...................331 Status Reporting System ......................331 Output Unit............................331 Command Sequence and Command Synchronization ..............332 Status Reporting System ........................333 Overview of Status Registers ......................334 Structure of an SCPI Status Register....................335 Status Registers ..........................337 Contents of the Status Registers.....................337...

  • Page 328: Remote Control

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Network Analyzer and Spectrum Analyzer Mode 6 Remote Control This chapter provides instructions on how to set up the analyzer for remote control, a general introduction to remote control of programmable instruments, and the description of the analyzer's remote control concept.

  • Page 329: Remote Control Operation

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Remote Control Operation Query the state of the distance-to-fault measurement. The response is -113,"Undefined header;CALC:TRAN:DTF:STAT?", because CALCulate :TRANsform:DTFault:STATe does not belong to the SAN command set. Remote Control Operation Remote Control: Introduction The instrument is equipped with different interfaces for remote control: A GPIB bus interface according to standard IEC 625.1/IEEE 488.1.
  • Page 330 R&S ZVL Remote Control Remote Control Operation After the GPIB Explorer is started, the interface for the connection to the instrument can be selected in a dialog: The following options are provided: NT named pipe (not supported at present) GPIB address (for connection to controllers equipped with a National Instrument GPIB interface using the GPIB bus connector) RSIB address (for LAN connection via RSIB protocol, requires an appropriate IP or local host address;...

  • Page 331: Switchover To Remote Control

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Remote Control Operation Refer to the GPIB explorer's help system for more information. Switchover to Remote Control On power-up, the instrument is always in the manual operating state and can be operated via the front panel controls. The instrument is switched to remote control as soon as it receives a command from the controller.
  • Page 332 R&S ZVL Remote Control Remote Control Operation While remote control is active, operation via the front panel is disabled with the exception of two softkeys. The instrument settings are optimized for maximum measurement speed; the display is switched off: The two softkeys in the remote screen are used to modify or quit the remote state: •...

  • Page 333: Setting The Device Address

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Remote Control Operation The analyzer provides a third display option where the measurement screen is only updated when this is triggered by a remote control command; see SYSTem:DISPlay:UPDate ONCE. The instrument remains in the remote state until it is reset to the manual state via the GUI or via GPIB bus (see section Return to Manual Operation).

  • Page 334: Combining Manual And Remote Control

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Remote Control Operation Combining Manual and Remote Control Using a remote control script is the quickest and easiest way of performing complicated tasks which need to be repeated many times. On the other hand, it is often preferable to control a previously configured measurement manually in order to observe the result on the screen.

  • Page 335: Messages

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Messages If the menu key requires several entries to be made in a dialog or in a wizard (e.g. the S- Param Wizard), the command opens this dialog/wizard. All entries can be made manually. The instrument is switched back to remote control mode as soon as the dialog or wizard is closed.

  • Page 336: Scpi Command Structure And Syntax

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Messages Device responses are messages the instrument sends to the controller after a query. They can contain measurement results, instrument settings and information on the instrument status. Commands are subdivided according to two criteria: 1. According to the effect they have on the instrument: Setting commands cause instrument settings such as a reset of the instrument or setting the output level to some value.
  • Page 337 R&S ZVL Remote Control Messages Example: This mnemonic identifies the command system SENSe. SENSe For commands of lower levels, the complete path has to be specified, starting on the left with the highest level, the individual key words being separated by a colon ":". Example: SENSe:FREQuency:STARt 1GHZ This command is located on the third level of the SENSe system.

  • Page 338: Structure Of A Command Line

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Messages An optional mnemonic must not be omitted if its effect is additionally specified by a numeric suffix. Long and short form The key words feature a long form and a short form. Either the short form or the long form can be entered;...

  • Page 339: Responses To Queries

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Messages This command line is represented in its full length and contains two commands separated from each other by the semicolon. Both commands are part of the TRIGger command system, i.e. they have one level in common.

  • Page 340: Boolean Parameters

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Messages Example: SOUR:RFG:FREQ 1.5GHz is equivalent to SOUR:RFG:FREQ 1.5E9 Special numeric values The texts MINimum, MAXimum, DEFault, UP and DOWN are interpreted as special numeric values. A query returns the associated numerical value. Example: Setting command: SENSe:FREQuency:STARt MINimum The query SENSe:FREQuency:STARt? returns 300000 (the exact value depends on the analyzer model).

  • Page 341: Strings

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Messages Strings Strings must always be entered within single or double quotation marks (' or "). Example: CONFigure:CHANnel:NAME "Channel 4" or CONFigure:CHANnel:NAME 'Channel 4' Block Data Format Block data is a transmission format which is suitable for the transmission of large amounts of data. A command using a block data parameter with definite length has the following structure: Example: HEADer:HEADer #45168xxxxxxxx The hash symbol # introduces the data block.

  • Page 342: Basic Remote Control Concepts

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Basic Remote Control Concepts Basic Remote Control Concepts The functionality of the network analyzer's remote control commands has been defined in close analogy to the menu commands and control elements of the graphical user interface (GUI). The basic concepts of setups, traces, channels, and diagram areas remain valid in remote control.

  • Page 343: Active Traces In Remote Control

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Basic Remote Control Concepts DISP:WIND2:STAT ON Create diagram area no. 2 (window suffix 2). DISP:WIND2:TRAC9:FEED 'CH4TR1' Display the generated trace (identified by its name Ch4Tr1) in diagram area no. 2 (window suffix 2), assigning the trace number 9 (trace suffix 9) to it. Active Traces in Remote Control In manual control there is always exactly one active trace, irrespective of the number of channels and traces defined.

  • Page 344: Initiating Measurements, Speed Considerations

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Basic Remote Control Concepts The following program example illustrates how to create, select and reference traces. It is instructive to observe the analyzer screen in order to check the effect of each step. *RST Reset the analyzer, creating channel no. 1 with the default trace Trc1. The trace is displayed in diagram area no.

  • Page 345: Command Processing

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Command Processing Command Processing The block diagram below shows how GPIB bus commands are serviced in the instrument. The individual components work independently and simultaneously. They communicate with each other by means of so-called "messages". Input Unit The input unit receives commands character by character from the controller and collects them in the input buffer.

  • Page 346: Data Base And Instrument Hardware

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Command Processing The command recognition detects syntax errors in the commands and transfers them to the status reporting system. The rest of a command line after a syntax error is still executed, if possible. After the syntax check, the range of the numerical parameters is checked, if required.

  • Page 347: Command Sequence And Command Synchronization

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Command Processing Command Sequence and Command Synchronization IEEE 488.2 defines a distinction between overlapped and sequential commands: A sequential command is one which finishes executing before the next command starts executing. Commands that are processed quickly are usually implemented as sequential commands. An overlapping command is one which does not automatically finish executing before the next command starts executing.

  • Page 348: Status Reporting System

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System Preventing overlapping execution To prevent an overlapping execution of commands, one of the commands *OPC, *OPC? or *WAI can be used. For a programming example refer to section Command Synchronization in Chapter Programming Examples.

  • Page 349: Overview Of Status Registers

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System The service request enable register SRE can be used as ENABle part of the STB if the STB is structured according to SCPI. By analogy, the ESE can be used as the ENABle part of the ESR.

  • Page 350: Structure Of An Scpi Status Register

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System Structure of an SCPI Status Register Each standard SCPI register consists of 5 parts which each have a width of 16 bits and have different functions. The individual bits are independent of each other, i.e. each hardware status is assigned a bit number which is valid for all five parts.
  • Page 351 R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System NTR bit =0: the EVENt bit is not set. This part can be overwritten and read at will. Reading the PTRansition register is nondestructive. EVENt The EVENt part indicates whether an event has occurred since the last reading, it is the "memory" of the condition part.

  • Page 352: Status Registers

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System Status Registers Contents of the Status Registers The individual status registers are used to report different classes of instrument states or errors. The following status registers belong to the general model described in IEEE 488.2: The STatus Byte (STB) gives a rough overview of the instrument status.

  • Page 353: Ist Flag And Ppe

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System QUEStionable status summary bit This bit is set if an EVENt bit is set in the QUEStionable register and the associated ENABle bit is set to The bit indicates a questionable instrument status, which can be further pinned down by polling the QUEStionable register.

  • Page 354: Status:operation

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System STATus:OPERation The STATus:OPERation register contains conditions which are part of the instrument's normal operation. The analyzer does not use the STATus:OPERation register: STATus:QUEStionable The STATus:QUEStionable register indicates whether the acquired data is of questionable quality and monitors hardware failures of the analyzer.

  • Page 355: Status:questionable:integrity

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System Failed Limit Check for Trace no. 16 This bit is set if any point on trace no. 16 fails the limit check. Numbering of traces The traces numbers 1 to 16 are assigned as follows: Traces assigned to channels with smaller channel numbers have smaller trace numbers.

  • Page 356: Application Of The Status Reporting System

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System IF overload The internal local oscillator (LO) signal is phase locked to a 10 MHz signal. This message appears when the internal phase locked loop (PLL) fails. Reduce RF input level at the port. Check amplifiers in the external test setup. LO unlocked This bit is set if the analyzer detects that the instrument temperature is too high.

  • Page 357: Serial Poll

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System As soon as all commands preceding *OPC have been completed, the instrument generates an SRQ. Generate an SRQ when a limit is exceeded 1. Set bit 3 in the SRE (summary bit of the STATus:QUEStionable register, set after STATus:PRESet) 2.

  • Page 358: Parallel Poll

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System Parallel Poll In a parallel poll, up to eight instruments are simultaneously requested by the controller by means of a single command to transmit 1 bit of information each on the data lines, i.e., to set the data line allocated to each instrument to a logical "0"...

  • Page 359: Error Queue

    R&S ZVL Remote Control Status Reporting System Error Queue Each error state in the instrument leads to an entry in the error queue. The entries of the error queue are detailed plain text error messages that can be looked up in the Error Log or queried via remote control using SYSTem:ERRor[:NEXT]? or SYSTem:ERRor:ALL?.
  • Page 360 R&S ZVL Contents Table of Contents Command Reference..................346 Special Terms and Notation......................346 Common Commands........................348 Instrument-Control Commands......................350 CALCulate ............................350 CONFigure............................424 DIAGnostic:SERVice........................426 DISPlay............................427 FORMat............................442 HCOPy............................444 INITiate<Ch>...........................451 INPut...............................452 INSTrument.............................453 MEMory............................454 MMEMory............................456 OUTPut<Pt>............................481 PROGram............................482 [SENSe...]............................483 SOURce<Ch>:..........................532 STATus...

  • Page 361: Command Reference

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Special Terms and Notation 7 Command Reference This chapter lists all common commands and SCPI commands implemented by the analyzer. Special Terms and Notation This section explains the meaning of special syntax elements used in the SCPI command reference sections.
  • Page 362 R&S ZVL Command Reference Special Terms and Notation with <numeric_value> = 0 to 15 possible command syntax: CONT:AUX:C 1 • NAN (Not A Number) is generally used to represent missing data, e.g. if a portion of a trace has not been acquired yet.

  • Page 363: Common Commands

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Common Commands Common Commands Common commands are described in the IEEE 488.2 (IEC 625-2) standard. These commands have the same effect on different devices. The headers of these commands consist of "*" followed by three letters. Many common commands are related to the status reporting system.
  • Page 364 R&S ZVL Command Reference Common Commands Command Parameters Short Description indicated. Bit 6 (MSS mask bit) remains 0. This command determines under which Enable conditions a service request is triggered. The query *SRE? returns the contents of the service request enable register in decimal form. Bit 6 is always 0. *STB? STatus Byte query reads the contents of the status byte in decimal form.

  • Page 365: Instrument-Control Commands

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Instrument-Control Commands The remainder of this chapter lists the SCPI commands of the R&S ZVL in alphabetical order. CALCulate CALCulate<Chn>:CLIMits... This subsystem controls the composite limit check. CALCulate<Chn>:CLIMits:FAIL? Returns a 0 or 1, to indicate whether or not a composite limit or ripple limit check on several traces has failed.
  • Page 366 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:DATA SCORr1 | ... | SCORr27 CALCulate<Chn>:DATA SDATa, <data> Reads the current response values of the active data trace, reads or writes error terms, or reads or writes a memory trace. Channel number used to identify the active trace. If unspecified the numeric suffix <Chn>...
  • Page 367 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands FORM REAL,32 Change the data format to 4-byte block data. CALC:DATA SDAT, #224123456789012345678901234 Write 24 bytes (= 4 * 2 * 3 bytes) of data to the memory trace. The following parameters are related to trace data (see also Data Flow diagram): FDATa Formatted trace data, according to the selected trace format (CALCulate<Chn>:FORMat).
  • Page 368 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands irrespective of the selected trace format). Number of sweep to be read. 1 denotes the last sweep acquired, 2 <Trace_Hist_Count> denotes the second-last and so forth. Range [def. unit] 1 to sweep count defined via [SENSe<Ch>:]SWEep:COUNt [–] *RST value –...
  • Page 369 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value – Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: *RST; CALC:DLIN 10 Define the position of the horizontal line in the default dB Mag diagram at +10 dBm. CALC:DLIN:STAT ON Display the defined horizontal line. CALCulate<Chn>:DLINe:STATe <Boolean>...
  • Page 370 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Create channel 4 and a trace named Ch4Tr1 to measure the input reflection coefficient S11. The trace becomes the active trace in channel 4. CALC4:FORM MLIN; DISP:WIND:TRAC:FEED 'CH4TR1' Calculate the magnitude of S11 and display it in a linearly scaled Cartesian diagram.
  • Page 371 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALC:FILT:TIME:CENT 0; SPAN 5ns Set the center time to 0 ns and the time span to 5 ns. CALCulate<Chn>:FILTer[:GATE]:TIME:DCHebyshev <numeric_value> Sets the sideband suppression for the Dolph-Chebyshev time gate. The command is only available if a Dolph-Chebyshev time gate is active (CALCulate<Chn>:FILTer[:GATE]:TIME:WINDow DCHebyshev).
  • Page 372 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:FILTer[:GATE]:TIME:SHOW <Boolean> Enables or disables permanent display of the gate limits. Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn> ON – Time gate permanently displayed <Boolean> OFF – Time gate hidden *RST value OFF [–] Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types...
  • Page 373 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:FILTer[:GATE]:TIME:STATe <Boolean> Determines whether the time gate for trace no. <Chn> is enabled. Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn> ON – Time gate enabled <Boolean> OFF – Time gate disabled *RST value OFF [–] Confirmed, command or query SCPI,...
  • Page 374 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Types Example: *RST; CALC:FILT:TIME:STAT ON Reset the instrument and enable the time gate. CALC:FILT:TIME NOTCh Select a notch filter in order to reject unwanted pulses. CALCulate<Chn>:FILTer[:GATE]:TIME:WINDow RECT | HAMMing | HANN | BOHMan | DCHebyshev Selects the time gate to be applied to the time domain transform.
  • Page 375 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit... This subsystem defines the limit lines and controls the limit check. CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:CONTrol[:DATA] <start>,<stop>{,<start>,<stop>} Defines the stimulus values of the limit line and/or creates new limit line segments. Rules for creating segments The following rules apply to an active trace with n existing limit line segments: An odd number of values is rejected;...
  • Page 376 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:CONTrol:SHIFt <offset> Shifts the limit line in horizontal direction. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> Amount that the limit line is shifted. <offset> Range [def. Almost no restriction for limit segments; see Rules for Limit Line Definition. [Hz. unit] For distance-to-fault traces the default unit is the length unit defined via UNIT:LENGth.]]...
  • Page 377 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands GHz, using default response values. CALC:LIM:DATA 1,1500000000, 2000000000,2,3 Define an upper limit line segment in the stimulus range between 1.5 GHz and 2 GHz, assigning response values of +2 dBm and +3 dBm. CALC:LIM:DISP ON Show the limit line segment in the active diagram.
  • Page 378 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:FAIL? Returns a 0 or 1, to indicate whether or not the limit check has failed. Use CALCulate<Chn>:CLIMits:FAIL? to perform a composite (global) limit check. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> 0 | 1 - 0 represents pass, 1 represents fail.
  • Page 379 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Confirmed, with query. SCPI, Command Types Example: CALC:LIM:LOW -10, 0, 0, -10 Define the following lower and (default) upper limit line segments: CALC:LIM:DISP ON Show the limit line segments in the active diagram. CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:LOWer:FEED <stimulus offset>,<response offset>[,<trace name>] Generates a lower limit line using the stimulus values of a data or memory trace and specified offset values.
  • Page 380 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:LOWer:SHIFt <offset> Shifts all lower and upper limit line segments assigned to the active trace in vertical direction. This command is identical with CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:UPPer:SHIFt. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> Response offset value for all limit line segments. <offset>...
  • Page 381 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Keyword for the physical unit of the response values. Parameters Range [def. unit] The parameters form four groups: S and SINV select relative units (dB) for the limit line. Y selects admittance units (S/Siemens). Z selects impedance units (V).
  • Page 382 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Keyword for the physical unit of the response values. Parameters Range [def. unit] The analyzer uses dB units, irrespective of the parameter selected. [–] *RST value – Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:SEGMent<Seg>:AMPlitude:STARt <response> Changes the start response value (i.e.
  • Page 383 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> Segment number <Seg> Response value <response> Almost no restriction for limit segments; see Rules for Limit Line Definition. Range [def. unit] [dB] *RST value – The default response values of a segment that is created by defining its stimulus values only (e.g.
  • Page 384 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:SEGMent<Seg>:STIMulus:STOP. [Hz. For distance-to-fault traces the default unit is the length unit defined via UNIT:LENGth.] *RST value – A segment that is created implicitly, e.g. by means of CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:UPPer[:DATA] or CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:LOWer[:DATA,], covers the maximum sweep range of the analyzer.
  • Page 385 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:SEGMent<Seg>:TYPE LMIN | LMAX | OFF Selects the limit line type for a limit line segment. This can be done before or after defining the stimulus and response values of the segment, however, a segment must be created first to enable this command (e.g CALC:LIM:DATA).
  • Page 386 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:UPPer[:DATA] <start resp>,<stop resp>{,<start resp>,<stop resp>} Defines the response (y-axis) values of the upper limit line and/or creates new limit line segments. The commands CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:LOWer[:DATA] and CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:UPPer[:DATA] use a fixed numbering scheme for limit line segments: Upper limit line segments are assigned odd numbers (1, 3, 5,...), lower limit line segments are assigned even numbers (2, 4, 6,...).
  • Page 387 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands stimulus data for the limit line unless another trace <trace_name> is specified. Stimulus offset value, used to shift all imported limit line segments in <stimulus_offset> horizontal direction. Range [def. unit] -1000 GHz to +1000 GHz [Hz. For distance-to-fault traces the default unit is the length unit defined via UNIT:LENGth.] *RST value 0 Hz...
  • Page 388 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Use CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit:STATe to switch on or off the entire limit check, including upper and lower limit lines. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> ON | OFF - Limit check on or off. <Boolean>...
  • Page 389 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:BWIDth <x_dB_Bandwidth> Sets the bandfilter level for a bandfilter search or returns the results. The command is only available after a bandfilter search has been executed (CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FUNCtion:EXECute BFILter; see example below). Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn>...
  • Page 390 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Query the results of the bandfilter search. An error message is generated if the bandfilter search fails so that no valid results are available. CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:COUPled[:STATe] <Boolean> Couples the markers of all traces in the active setup to the markers of trace no. <Chn>, provided that they have the same sweep type (SENSe<Chn>:FUNCtion).
  • Page 391 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Create a reference marker at the center of the sweep range and set marker 1 to delta mode. CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FORMat DEFault | MLINear | MLOGarithmic | PHASe | POLar | COMPlex | GDELay | REAL | IMAGinary | SWR | LINPhase | LOGPhase | IMPedance | ADMittance | MDB | MLPHase | MDPHase Defines the output format for the (complex) value of marker <Mk>...
  • Page 392 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FUNCtion:BWIDth <x dB Bandwidth> Defines the bandfilter level, i.e. the minimum excursion for the bandpass and bandstop peaks. Use CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:BWIDth to set the x dB Bandwidth and query the results of a bandfilter search. Note the sign convention for input values. Channel number used to identify the active trace.
  • Page 393 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Marker number in the range 1 to 10. <Mk> Range [def. unit] – [–] *RST value – Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: *RST; CALC:MARK ON Create marker 1 in the center of the current sweep range and assign it to trace no.
  • Page 394 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FUNCtion:DOMain:USER:STARt <numeric_value> Defines the start value of the search range selected with CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FUNCtion:DOMain:USER <numeric_value>. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> Marker number in the range 1 to 10. <Mk> Beginning of the search range. <numeric_value>...
  • Page 395 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Suppose that the active setup contains an active trace no. 1. CALC:MARK ON Create marker 1 and assign it to trace no. 1. CALC:MARK:FUNC:EXEC MAX; RES? Move the created marker to the absolute maximum of the trace and query the stimulus and response value of the search result.
  • Page 396 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Note: This command is not needed expect for compatibility with ZVR programs. Use CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FUNCtion:EXECute to select a search mode and at the same time initiate the search. The CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:SEARch..., CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:MAXimum or CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:MINimum functions also select the search mode. Channel number used to identify the active trace.
  • Page 397 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FUNCtion:STOP Sets the end (stop) of the sweep range equal to the stimulus value of the marker <Mk> on trace no. <Chn>. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> Marker number in the range 1 to 10. <Mk>...
  • Page 398 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:MINimum Selects a search mode for marker no. <Mk> and initiates a minimum search. The marker must be created before using CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>[:STATe] ON. Note: This command is the ZVR-compatible equivalent of CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FUNCtion:EXECute MAXimum. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn>...
  • Page 399 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value CONT Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: Suppose that the active setup contains an active trace no. 1. CALC:MARK:REF:MODE DISC; :CALC:MARK2:REF:MODE CONT Create the reference marker in discrete mode and marker 2 in continuous mode.
  • Page 400 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands as a fixed marker. CALC:MARK:REF:X 1GHz Shift the marker horizontally. The response value remains fixed. CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:REFerence:X <numeric_value> Defines the stimulus (in Cartesian diagrams: x-axis) value of the reference marker, which can (but doesn't have to) be displayed using CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:REFerence[:STATe] ON. Channel number used to identify the active trace.
  • Page 401 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Create the reference marker and display it in the center of the sweep range. CALC:MARK:REF:Y? Query the measurement value at the reference marker position. CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>SEARch:BFILter:RESult[:STATe] <Boolean> Shows or hides the bandfilter search results in the diagram area. Channel number used to identify the active trace.
  • Page 402 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Note: This command is the ZVR-compatible equivalent of CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:FUNCtion:EXECute LPEak. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> Marker number in the range 1 to 10. <Mk> Range [def. unit] – [–] *RST value –...
  • Page 403 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Marker number in the range 1 to 10. For a bandfilter search (BFILter) this <Mk> numeric suffix is ignored and may be set to any value because the bandfilter search functions always use markers Mkr1 to Mkr4. ON | OFF - Enables or disables the marker tracking mode.
  • Page 404 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: CALC:MARK ON Create marker no. 1 and display it in the center of the sweep range. :CALC:MARK:TARG -10; FUNC:EXEC TARG Define a target search value of –10 dB and start the target search. CALC:MARK:X? Query the stimulus value corresponding to the target search result.
  • Page 405 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALC:MARK:X 1GHz Set the marker to the beginning of the sweep range. CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>:Y? Returns the response (in Cartesian diagrams: y-axis) value of marker no. <Mk>. The marker must be created before using CALCulate<Chn>:MARKer<Mk>[:STATe] ON. Channel number used to identify the active trace.
  • Page 406 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Command Types Example: *RST; CALC:MATH:MEM Copy the current state of the default trace Trc1 to a memory trace named 'Mem2[Trc1]'. The memory trace is not displayed. CALC:MATH:FUNC DIV Define a mathematical trace, dividing the data trace by the stored memory trace. The mathematical trace is displayed instead of the active data trace.
  • Page 407 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:CATalog? Returns the trace names and measurement parameters of all traces assigned to a particular channel. Channel number. If unspecified the numeric suffix is set to 1. <Ch> String parameter with comma-separated list of trace names and measurement Response parameters, e.g.
  • Page 408 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Create channel 4 and a trace named Ch4Tr1 to measure the input reflection coefficient S11. DISP:WIND:STAT ON Create diagram area no. 1. DISP:WIND:TRAC:FEED 'CH4TR1' Display the generated trace in diagram area no. 1. CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:DELete '<string>' Deletes a trace with a specified trace name and channel.
  • Page 409 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Measurement parameter (string variable); see list of in the 'S11', ... CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:SDEFine command description. *RST value – Device-specific, with query (see 'S11',... parameter description above). SCPI, Command Types Example: CALC4:PAR:SDEF 'Ch4Tr1', 'S11' Create channel 4 and a trace named Ch4Tr1 to measure the input reflection coefficient S CALC4:PAR:MEAS 'Ch4Tr1', 'S12' Change the measurement parameter of the trace and measure the transmission...
  • Page 410 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Create diagram area no. 2. DISP:WIND2:TRAC:FEED 'CH4TR1' Display the generated trace in diagram area no. 2. The measurement parameter is selected by means of the following keywords (the selection depends on the number of test ports of the analyzer, e.g. S44 is not available on 2-port analyzers): Normal mode S-parameters S<out><in>, where <out>...
  • Page 411 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:PHOLd This subsystem controls the max hold (peak hold) function. CALCulate<Chn>:PHOLd MAX | OFF Enables, disables, or restarts the max hold function. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> MAX - Enable the max hold function Parameters OFF - Disables the max hold function *RST value...
  • Page 412 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Types Example: *RST; CALC:RIPP:DATA 1,1500000000, 2000000000,3, 1, 2000000000, 3000000000, 5 Define and enable a ripple limit range in the stimulus range between 1.5 GHz and 2 GHz, assigning a ripple limit of +3 dBm. Define and enable a second ripple limit range in the stimulus range between 2 GHz and 3 GHz, assigning a ripple limit of +5 dBm.
  • Page 413 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:FAIL? Returns a 0 or 1, to indicate whether or not the global ripple limit check has failed. Use CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:SEGMent<Seg>:RESult? to query the result for a single ripple limit range. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn>...
  • Page 414 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Delete the ripple limit range, select complex units for the ripple limit. CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:SEGMent<Seg>:COUNt? Queries the number of ripple limit ranges. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> Ripple limit range number. This suffix is ignored; the command counts all ranges. <Seg>...
  • Page 415 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Use CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:FAIL? to query the result for global ripple limit check. Channel number used to identify the active trace. <Chn> Ripple limit range number <Seg> Response: <Fail>, 0 | 1 - 0 represents pass, 1 represents fail <Limit>...
  • Page 416 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands of 5 dB. CALC:RIPP:SEGM:STAT OF Disable the limit check in the modified stimulus range. CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:SEGMent<Seg>:STIMulus:STOP <stop_value> Changes the stop stimulus value (i.e. the largest stimulus value) of a ripple limit range. A range must be created first to enable this command (e.g CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:DATA).
  • Page 417 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands ON | OFF - Limit check on or off. <Boolean> *RST value Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle:FAIL? CALCulate<Chn>:SMOothing... This subsystem provides the settings for trace smoothing. CALCulate<Chn>:SMOothing:APERture <numeric_value> Defines how many measurement points are averaged to smooth the trace. Channel number used to identify the active trace.
  • Page 418 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics... This subsystem evaluates and displays statistical and phase information of the trace. CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics:DOMain:USER <numeric_value> Selects one out of 10 evaluation ranges to be configured with the CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics:DOMain:USER:STARt and CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics:DOMain:USER:STOP commands. Channel number used to identify the active trace. If unspecified the numeric <Chn>...
  • Page 419 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Range [def. unit] –999.999999999 GHz to 1000 GHz. [Hz] *RST value Highest frequency of the analyzer, depending on the analyzer model. Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics:DOMain:USER CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics:EPDelay[:STATe] <Boolean> Displays or hides the Phase Delay/El Length results in the diagram area of trace no. <Chn>. Channel number used to identify the active trace.
  • Page 420 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics:RESult? MEAN | STDDev | MAX | MIN | RMS | PTPeak | ELENgth | PDELay | ALL Returns a single statistical parameters of the trace no. <Chn> or all parameters. It is not necessary to display the info field (CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics[:STATe] ON) before using this command.
  • Page 421 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:STATistics[:STATe] <Boolean> Displays or hides all statistical results in the diagram area of trace no. <Chn>. You can display or hide the Min/Max/Peak-Peak, Mean/Std Dev, RMS, and the Phase Delay/El Length results separately; see example below. Channel number used to identify the active trace.
  • Page 422 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel number used to identify the active trace. If unspecified the numeric <Chn> suffix is set to 1. S-parameters, Y-parameters, Z-parameters S | Y | P *RST value – (The initial representation of the trace is determined by means of CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:SDEFine) Device-specific, command or query.
  • Page 423 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn> Sideband suppression <numeric_value> Range [def. unit] 10 dB to 120 dB. The increment (parameters UP or DOWN) is 10 dB. [dB] *RST value 32 dB Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types...
  • Page 424 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Select a low pass step transformation. CALC:TRAN:TIME:LPAS KFST Calculate a harmonic grid, keeping the stop frequency and the number of points. CALC:TRAN:TIME:LPAS:DCSP 0.2 Set the DC value. CALC:TRAN:TIME:LPAS:DCSP:EXTR; CALC:TRAN:TIME:LPAS:DCSP? Extrapolate the measured trace, overwrite the defined DC value, and query the new value.
  • Page 425 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Use CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME:LPASs if you wish to use one of the other algorithms for calculating the grid. Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn> None Parameters *RST value – Device-specific, no query (the command causes an event) SCPI, Command Types Example: See CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME[:TYPE]...
  • Page 426 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands If the x-axis is scaled in distance units (CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME:XAXis DISTance), then the start value is entered in m; the range and default value changes accordingly. CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME:STATe <Boolean> Determines whether the time domain transformation for trace no. <Chn> is enabled. Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn>...
  • Page 427 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Note: If the stop frequency entered is smaller than the current start frequency (CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME:STARt), the start frequency is set to the stop frequency minus the minimum frequency span (CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME:SPAN). If the x-axis is scaled in distance units (CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME:XAXis DISTance), then the stop value is entered in m;...
  • Page 428 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:TIME:XAXis TIME | DISTance Switches over between the x-axis scaling in time units or distance units. Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn> x-axis scaled in time units TIME x-axis scaled in distance units (Distance = Time * c DISTance * Velocity Factor) *RST value...
  • Page 429 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel number. Note that the cable type is channel-specific (rather than <Ch> trace-specific). Cable name to identify the cable, string parameter '<cable name>' Permittivity of the cable <permittivity> Range [def. unit] 1 to 100 [–] *RST value –...
  • Page 430 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: See CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:DTFault:PEAK:THReshold CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:DTFault:PEAK:DATA<nr>? Returns the distance and peak response values of the detected fault no. <nr>. If the number of detected faults (CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:DTFault:PEAK:COUNt?) is smaller than <nr>, an error message is returned. Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn>...
  • Page 431 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CALC:TRAN:DTF:PEAK:STAT ON Enable the fault limit check for the active trace. CALC:TRAN:DTF:PEAK:COUN? Query the number of detected faults. The network analyzer responds with an integer number, e.g. 2. CALC:TRAN:DTF:PEAK:DATA2? Query the distance and peak response values of the second detected fault. Possible response: 0.09615384615,-18.07471664 (for a distance of 0.09615384615 units of length and a peak response value of -18.07471664 dB).
  • Page 432 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Types Example: See CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:DTFault:CENTer CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:DTFault:STARt <numeric_value> Defines the start distance of the distance-to-fault diagram. Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn> Start distance <numeric_value> Range [def. unit] –5 m to +9.999 m. The increment (parameters UP or DOWN) is 1 mm. [m or foot (ft), depending on the Distance Unit selected in the System Configuration dialog] *RST value...
  • Page 433 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CORR:COLL:METH:DEF 'DTF Cal', FOPort, 2 CORR:COLL:ACQ:SEL OPEN, 2 CORR:COLL:ACQ:SEL SHOR, 2 CORR:COLL:ACQ:SEL MATC, 2 CORR:COLL:SAVE:SEL Perform a full one-port calibration for the distance-to-fault measurement. CALCulate<Chn>:TRANsform:DTFault:STOP <numeric_value> Defines the stop distance of the distance-to-fault diagram. Channel number used to identify the active trace <Chn>...
  • Page 434 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Serial L, shunt L – R1, R2 L1, L2 Shunt L, serial C R1, R2 Shunt C, serial L R1, R2 Shunt C, serial C C1, C2 R1, R2 – Shunt L, serial L –...
  • Page 435 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Range [def. unit] 1 to 3 [–] The number of inductances depends on the selected circuit model. Possible circuit models (character data); see circuit models. Parameters *RST value – (see command type description below) Inductance L<no>...
  • Page 436 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands <Boolean> Enables or disables the deembedding function. It is allowed to change the circuit model and its parameters while deembedding is enabled. Channel number. <Ch> Physical port number <Ph_pt> ON – Deembedding active <Boolean> OFF –...
  • Page 437 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Capacitance C<no> for the specified circuit model. <numeric_value> –15 Range [def. unit] –1mF to 1 mF [F]. The increment is 1 fF (10 –12 *RST value 1 pF (10 Device-specific, command or query. In the query form, the <numeric_value> SCPI, Command parameter must be omitted.
  • Page 438 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Physical port number <Ph_pt> Number of resistance in circuit model. If unspecified the numeric suffix is set to <no> Range [def. unit] 1 to 3 [–] The number of resistances depends on the selected circuit model. Possible circuit models (character data);...

  • Page 439: Configure

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel number. <Ch> Physical port number <Ph_pt> Possible circuit models (character data); see circuit models. Parameters *RST value Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See CALCulate<Ch>:TRANsform:VNETworks:SENDed:EMBedding[:STATe] CONFigure... This subsystem creates and deletes channels and assigns names to channels. The commands are device-specific.
  • Page 440 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel name, e.g. 'Channel 4'. '<Ch_name>' *RST value 'Ch1' Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>:CATalog? CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>:NAME:ID? '<Ch_name>' Queries the channel number (numeric suffix) of a channel with kown channel name. A channel name must be assigned before (CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>NAME '<Ch_name>').

  • Page 441: Diagnostic:service

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands OFF - Delete channel no. <Ch>. *RST value ON for channel no. 1 (created on *RST), OFF for all other channels. Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See CONFigure:CHANnel<Ch>:CATalog? CONFigure:TRACe<Trc>:CATalog? Returns the numbers and names of all traces in the current setup. Trace number.

  • Page 442: Display

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands DIAGnostic:SERVice:SFUNction '<string>',... Activates a service function (for internal use only). DISPlay... This subsystem controls the selection and presentation of graphical and trace information on the screen. Note: Traces are generally identified by a string parameter defining the trace name (e.g. CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:SELect <Trace_Name>).
  • Page 443 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands parameters SOLid | DASHed | DOTTed | DDOTted | DDDotted. Optional trace width, only for traces (<Element> > 12). <trace_width> Range [def. unit] 1 to 20 [–] *RST values *RST does not affect the color settings; see also description of the Preset command.
  • Page 444 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Limit Fail Trace Color Limit Line Type Off Limit Line Type Upper Limit Line Type Lower Trace 1 Trace 2 Trace 3 Trace 4 Trace 5 Trace 6 Trace 7 Trace 8 Trace 9 Trace 10 Trace 11 Trace 12...
  • Page 445 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Numeric suffix, not used in this command. Implemented for compatibility with <Element> DISPlay:CMAP<Element>:RGB. OFF – Independent color scheme in new diagram area. Moved traces change <Boolean> their color. ON – Color scheme in new diagram area continues the previous color scheme. Moved traces keep their color.
  • Page 446 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Assign the S-parameter S to the default trace, open the local analyzer screen, then display the phase of the measured quantity. The commands are executed immediately without any manual entry. DISP:MENU:KEY:EXEC 'Start' Open the numeric input bar for the start frequency of the sweep. The frequency can be entered manually.
  • Page 447 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands This mode is recommended for preserving the display especially if the instrument is exclusively operated via remote control. ON | OFF - Switching the power-save mode on or off. <Boolean> *RST value Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: *RST;...
  • Page 448 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Create diagram area no. 2. DISP:WIND2:TRAC9:FEED 'CH4TR1' Display the generated trace in diagram area no. 2, assigning the trace number 9 to it. DISPlay[:WINDow<Wnd>]:TITLe:DATA '<string>' Defines a title for diagram area <Wnd>. Number of the diagram area. <Wnd>...
  • Page 449 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Number of an existing diagram area (defined by means of <Wnd> DISPlay:WINDow<Wnd>:STATe ON). Trace number used to distinguish the traces of the same diagram area <Wnd>. <WndTr> *RST value – Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: CALC4:PAR:SDEF 'Ch4Tr1', 'S11'...
  • Page 450 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands assigned. DISPlay[:WINDow<Wnd>]:TRACe<WndTr>:FEED '<trace_name>' Assigns an existing trace (CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:SDEFine <Trace_Name>) to a diagram area, using the <WndTr> suffix, and displays the trace. Use DISPlay[:WINDow<Wnd>]:TRACe:EFEed to assign the trace to a diagram area without using a numeric suffix. A trace can be assigned to a diagram only once.
  • Page 451 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands All data traces DALL All memory traces MALL Single trace identified by its trace name (string parameter), e.g. 'Trc4'. '<trace_name>' *RST value – ON | OFF – display or hide trace(s) <Boolean> *RST value 1 (for the default trace 'Trc1') Device-specific, command or query.
  • Page 452 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands DISPlay[:WINDow<Wnd>]:TRACe<WndTr>:Y:OFFSet <Magnitude>[,<Phase>, <Real>, <Imaginary>] Modifies all points of the trace <WndTr> by means of an added and/or a multiplied complex constant. The response values M of the trace are transformed according to: Number of an existing diagram area (defined by means of <Wnd>...
  • Page 453 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value – Confirmed, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: *RST; DISP:WIND:TRAC:Y:PDIV?; RLEV? Query the value between two grid graticules and the reference value for the default trace. The response is 10;0. DISP:WIND:TRAC:Y:AUTO ONCE; PDIV?; RLEV? or: DISP:WIND:TRAC:Y:AUTO ONCE, 'Trc1';...
  • Page 454 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Scale the diagram between -40 dB and +10 dB. DISPlay[:WINDow<Wnd>]:TRACe<WndTr>:Y[:SCALe]:PDIVision <divisions>[, '<trace_name>'] Sets the value between two grid graticules (value per division) for the diagram area <Wnd>. When a new PDIVision value is entered, the current RLEVel is kept the same, while the top and bottom scaling is adjusted for the new PDIVision value.
  • Page 455 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands does not affect the value of PDIVision. The trace can be referenced either by its number <WndTr> or by its name <trace_name>. Number of an existing diagram area (defined by means of <Wnd> DISPlay:WINDow<Wnd>:STATe ON). This suffix is ignored if the optional <trace_name>...
  • Page 456 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Value of the reference position in percent. The top of the y-axis is defined to <reference> have a reference position of 100%, while the bottom of the y-axis is defined to have a reference position of 0%. Range [def.

  • Page 457: Format

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Types Example: See DISPlay:WINDow<Wnd>:TRACe<WndTr>:Y[:SCALe]:BOTTom Units for DISPlay... Commands The DISPlay... subsystem contains commands to define particular points in the diagram, e.g. to set the scale or a reference value. This requires the entry of a numeric value and a physical unit, depending on the parameter type displayed.
  • Page 458 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands FORMat[:DATA] ASCii | REAL [,<length>] Selects the format for numeric data transferred to and from the analyzer. The format setting is only valid for commands and queries whose description states that the response is formatted as described by FORMat[:DATA]. In particular, it affects trace data transferred by means of the commands in the TRACe:...

  • Page 459: Hcopy

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: See TRACe[:DATA][:RESPonse][:ALL]? The following parameters are related to trace data (see also Data Flow diagram): FDATa Formatted trace data, according to the selected trace format (CALCulate<Chn>:FORMat). 1 value per trace point for Cartesian diagrams, 2 values for polar diagrams. SDATa Unformatted trace data: Real and imaginary part of each measurement point.
  • Page 460 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MMEM:NAME 'C:\R_S\instr\user\Print.bmp'; H Select a file name and start printing to the file Print.bmp. COP:NEXT Save the hardcopy output into the file Print_001.bmp. COP:NEXT Save the hardcopy output into the file Print_002.bmp. HCOPy:ABORt Aborts a running hardcopy output. None.
  • Page 461 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Range [def. unit] 0 to 1 for all parameters. *RST value Note: The values set are not changed by *RST. Confirmed, no query SCPI, Command Types Example: HCOP:CMAP2:HSL 0.3,0.8,1.0 Changes the grid color. The numeric suffixes <Element> denote the following display elements: <Element>...
  • Page 462 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Table selected field text Table selected field background Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Logo Trace 4 HCOPy:CMAP<Element>:PDEFined BLACk | BLUE | BROWn | GREen | CYAN | RED | MAGenta | YELLow | WHITe | DGRAy | LGRAy | LBLUe | LGREen | LCYan | LRED | LMAGenta Defines the color table in user defined colors using predefined color values.
  • Page 463 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands The type of instrument is selected with SYSTem:COMMunicate:PRINter:SELect, which will automatically select a default output medium. Therefore the HCOPy:DESTination command should always be sent after setting the device type. 1 | 2 - Printer configuration to be used for the hardcopy output. If there is no <config>...
  • Page 464 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Data formats for output files which can be integrated in corresponding programs for documentation purposes at a later time. WMF can only be used for output to a file and EWMF also for the output to the clipboard. Windows Bitmap: BMP, JPG, Data format for output to files only.
  • Page 465 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Select the complete information to be printed. HCOP:ITEM:LOGO ON; HCOP Include the logo in the printed output and start printing. HCOPy:ITEM:WINDow<numeric_suffix>:TEXT <string> Defines the comment text for the printout. The numeric suffixes <1|2> are irrelevant for this command. <numeric_suffix>...

  • Page 466: Initiate

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: COP:PAGE:ORI LAND; HCOP Select landscape page orientation and start printing. HCOPy:PAGE:WINDow ACTive | ALL | SINGle Defines the number of diagram areas per printed page. Print only active diagram area. ACTive All diagram areas are printed on one page. One diagram area per page.

  • Page 467: Input

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Create channel no. 2 with a new trace and start a single sweep in channel no. 2. INITiate<Ch>[:IMMediate] Starts a new single sweep sequence. This command is available in single sweep mode only (INITiate<Ch>:CONTinuous OFF). The data of the last sweep (or previous sweeps, see Sweep History) can be read using CALCulate<Ch>:DATA:NSWeep? SDATa, <history_count>.

  • Page 468: Instrument

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]POWer:ATTenuation to set or query a channel-specific attenuation value. Test port number of the analyzer, 1 or 2. If unspecified the numeric suffix is <port_no> set to 1. Attenuation factor for the received wave. <numeric_value>...

  • Page 469: Memory

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands INSTrument:PORT:COUNt? Returns the number of test ports of the analyzer. Number of ports (integer number). Response Range [def. unit] *RST value – Device-specific, query only. SCPI, Command Types Example: INST:PORT:COUN? Return the number of test ports. The response is 2. INSTrument[:SELect] NWA | SAN | NOISe | BWCD | WLAN | WiMAX | ADEM | BTO Switches between the measurement modes by means of text parameters.
  • Page 470 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Confirmed (with device-specific response), query only. SCPI, Command Types Example: *RST; MEM:DEF 'SETUP_2' Create a setup named 'Setup_2' and make it the active setup. MEM:CAT? Query all setups. The response is 'Set1,Setup_2'. MEM:STOR:STAT 1, 'C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\RecallSets\Setup_2.nwa'; MEM:DEL 'Setup_2.nwa' Store the active setup Setup_2 to a file, renaming it Setup_2.nwa.

  • Page 471: Mmemory

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Create a setup named 'Setup_2' and make it the active setup. MEM:SEL 'Set1' Activate the default setup Set1. MEM:STOR:STAT 1, 'C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\RecallSets\Set1.nwa'; MEM:DEL 'Set1.nwa' Store the active setup Set1 to a file, renaming it Set1.nwa. Close the setup. MMEMory...
  • Page 472 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands to the specified directory. MMEMory:CATalog? '<directory_name>' Returns the contents of a specified directory. String parameter to specify the directory. '<directory_name>' Comma-separated list of all file names in the directory (string parameters). Response *RST value –...
  • Page 473 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands <file_name> File name of the settings file. The file extension can be omitted. If the file is not stored in the C:\R_S\Instr\user directory, the full path has to be specified. *RST value – Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example:...
  • Page 474 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands path is omitted, the current directory is used (see MMEMory:CDIRectory). *RST value – Confirmed, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: MMEM:DEL 'C:\TEMP\TEST01.HCP' Remove TEST01.HCP from the directory C:\TEMP. MMEMory:DELete:CORRection <file_name>' Deletes a system error correction data set stored in the cal pool (cal group file). String parameter to specify the name of the cal group file to be deleted.
  • Page 475 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\CableTypes for user-defined cables) are not affected; see example. String parameter to specify the source directory. '<source_directory>' *RST value – Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See MMEMory:STORe:CABLe MMEMory:LOAD:CKIT '<file_name>' Loads cal kit data from a specified NWA cal kit file. String parameter to specify the name and directory of the cal kit file to be loaded.
  • Page 476 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Standard type; for a description refer to the table of standard types. Parameters String parameter defining a label for the cal kit data. An empty string means '<stdlabel_name>' that no label is defined. String parameter to specify the name and directory of the Touchstone file to be '<file_name>' loaded.
  • Page 477 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Test.ColorScheme from the default color scheme directory. ISP:CMAP13:RGB 1,0,0; DISP:CMAP14:RGB 0,1,0 Color the first trace red, the second trace green. MMEM:STOR:CMAP 'C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\ColorSchemes\Test.ColorScheme' Store the data for the user-defined cal kit Newkit and overwrite the cal kit file New_kit.calkit. MMEMory:LOAD:CORRection <Ch>,'<file_name>' Applies a system error correction data set stored in the cal pool (cal group file) to channel no.
  • Page 478 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands an arbitrary cal group file. *RST value – Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See MMEMory:LOAD:CORRection MMEMory:LOAD:LIMit '<trc_name>','<file_name>'[,'<param_name>', <x_offset>, <y_offset>, <type>] Loads a limit line definition from a specified file and assigns it to a trace with a specified name. Limit lines are created using the CALCulate<Chn>:LIMit...
  • Page 479 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: Assume that the current setup contains two traces named Trc1 and Trc2, respectively, and that limit lines have been defined for Trc1. MMEM:STOR:LIM 'TRC1', 'C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\LIMitLines\Lim_Trc1.limit' Store the limit line definition of Trc1 to a limit line file.
  • Page 480 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Load the settings stored in Setup_0413.NWA. MMEMory:LOAD:RIPPle '<trc_name>','<file_name>' Loads a ripple limit definition from a specified file and assigns it to a trace with a specified name. Ripple limits are created using the CALCulate<Chn>:RIPPle... commands. Name of an existing trace in the active setup (string parameter).
  • Page 481 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value – Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: Assume that the current setup contains two channels numbered 1 and 2, respectively, and that sweep segments have been defined for channel no. 1. :MMEM:STOR:SEGM 1, 'C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\SweepSegments\Seg_Ch1.seglist' Store the sweep segment definition of channel 1 to a sweep...
  • Page 482 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MMEMory:LOAD:TRACe '<trc_name>','<file_name>'[,'<parameter_name>'] Loads trace data from a specified trace file and assigns it to a trace with a specified name. Traces are created using the CALCulate<Ch>:PARameter:SDEFine... command. Name of an existing data trace in the active setup (string parameter). The '<trc_name>' trace data is loaded into a memory trace associated with the specified data trace.
  • Page 483 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MMEMory:LOAD:VNETworks<Ch>:SENDed:DEEMbedding<Ph_pt> '<file_name>' Loads data from a specified two-port (*.sp2) Touchstone file defining the characteristics of the current deembedded single ended port circuit model. The single ended port circuit model involving file import (FIMPort) must be selected before using the command. Channel number.
  • Page 484 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MMEMory:MDIRectory '<directory_name>' Creates a new subdirectory for mass memory storage in an existing directory. String parameter to specify the new directory. Either the full path or a '<directory_name>' subdirectory for the current directory (see MMEMory:CDIRectory). *RST value –...
  • Page 485 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: MMEM:MSIS 'C:' Select internal hard disk.. MMEMory:NAME '<file_name>' Defines a name for a file which can be used to store the printer output. The file is created when it is selected as a printer destination (HCOPy:DESTination 'MMEM'). String parameter to specify the file name.
  • Page 486 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MMEMory:NETWork:MAP '<drive_name>', '<host_name>'[, '<user_name>', '<password>'][,<Boolean>] Maps a drive to a server or server folder of the network. As a prerequisite in Microsoft networks, sharing of this server or server folder must be enabled. String parameter to specify the drive. '<drive_name>' String parameter in the format '\\<host name or IP address>\<share '<host_name>'...
  • Page 487 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: MMEM:RDIR 'C:\Documents and Settings\NetworkService\Application Data' Remove the specified directory. MMEMory:SELect[:ITEM]:ALL Includes all data subsets in the list of device settings to be stored/loaded. *RST value – Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: MMEM:SEL:ALL...
  • Page 488 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands excludes them. *RST value Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: MMEM:SEL:HWS ON Select the hardware settings. MMEMory:SELect[:ITEM]:LINes:ALL <Boolean> Adds all limit lines (activated and deactivated) to the list of device settings to be stored/loaded. ON | OFF –...
  • Page 489 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MMEMory:STORe:CABLe '<target_directory>' Copies all pre-defined and user-defined cable description files (*.rsc) to a specified directory. The contents of the source directories for cable description files (C:\R_S\Instr\resources\Nwa\CableTypes for predefined, C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\CableTypes for user-defined cables) are not affected. String parameter to specify the target directory.
  • Page 490 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MMEMory:STORe:CMAP '<file_name>' Stores a color scheme to a specified NWA color scheme file. String parameter to specify the name and directory of the color scheme file to be '<file_name>' created. If no path is specified the analyzer uses the current directory, to be queried with MMEMory:CDIRectory?.
  • Page 491 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: See MMEMory:LOAD:LIMit. MMEMory:STORe:MARKer '<file_name>' Saves the values of all markers to a ASCII file. String parameter to specify the name and directory of the created ASCII file. The '<file_name>' default extension (manual control) for marker files is *.txt, although other extensions are allowed.
  • Page 492 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Types Example: See MMEMory:LOAD:NWANalyzer. MMEMory:STORe:RIPPle '<trc_name>', '<file_name>' Saves the ripple limits associated with a specified trace to a ripple limit file. Ripple limit definitions are created using the CALCulte<Chn>:RIPPle... commands. Name of an existing trace in the active setup (string parameter) for which a ripple '<trc_name>' limit definition exists.
  • Page 493 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands The default extension for settings files is *.zvl.dfl. MMEMory:STORe:STATe automatically appends the default extension, if a file name without extension (or with a different extension) is specified. It is allowed though to re-name settings files using other extensions.
  • Page 494 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands POINt – Decimal separator: point COMMa – Decimal separator: comma If the third optional parameter is omitted, points are used. SEMicolon – Field separator: semicolon COMMa – Field separator: comma TABulator – Field separator: tabulator SPACe –...
  • Page 495 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MMEMory:STORe:TRACe:USER:DATE <Boolean> Qualifies whether the date and time is included in the custom header. ON | OFF – date and time included/omitted <Boolean> *RST value ON (after Use Default Directories) Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See MMEMory:STORe:TRACe:USER:CINFormation...

  • Page 496: Output

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value ON (after Use Default Directories) Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See MMEMory:STORe:TRACe:USER:CINFormation OUTPut<Pt>... This subsystem controls the characteristics of the analyzer’s output ports. OUTPut<Chn>:DPORt PORT1 | PORT2 Selects a source port for the stimulus signal (drive port). The setting acts on the active trace. The effect of the drive port selection depends on the measurement parameter associated with the active trace: •...

  • Page 497: Program

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Turn off the RF source power. PROGram... This subsystem controls external application programs that can be run on the analyzer. PROGram[:SELected]:EXECute '<file_name>[ <command>]' Starts an application program or open a file using an application available on the analyzer. Name and path of an application program to be executed or of a file to be opened.

  • Page 498: [Sense

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value PROG Confirmed, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: See PROGram[:SELected]:EXECute. PROGram[:SELected]:WAIT Locks command execution and manual control of the analyzer while a program started via PROGram[:SELected]:EXECute is running. The analyzer does not execute any further commands or queries until the program is stopped or paused.
  • Page 499 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]AVERage:COUNt <numeric_value> Defines the number of consecutive sweeps to be combined for the sweep average (Average Factor). Channel number. <Ch> Average factor <numeric_value> Range [def. unit] 1 to 1000 [1] *RST value Confirmed, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: AVER:COUN 15...
  • Page 500 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands steps for each decade. The analyzer rounds up any entered value between these steps and rounds down values exceeding the maximum bandwidth. *RST value 10 kHz Confirmed, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: BAND 1.1 Set a resolution bandwidth of approx.
  • Page 501 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands String parameters describing the different error terms, depending on the current Error term calibration method; see table below. Each term contains one complex value (real and parameters imaginary part) for each sweep point. Range [def. The error terms consist of dimensionless complex numbers.
  • Page 502 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands '<Conn_Name>','<Ckit_Name>','<Std_No>',<Min_Freq>,<Max_Freq>,<El_Length>,< Loss>,<Z0>,<C0> , <C1>, <C2>, <C3>, <L0>, <L1>, <L2>, <L3>[, OPEN | SHORt | MATCh, <Resistance>, <Port_1>, <Port_2>] Defines the parameters of a non-ideal 1 port or 2-port calibration standard <std_type>. A particular physical standard can be selected by specifying the name of the calibration kit and its serial number. Depending on the standard type, only a subset of the parameters may be used;...
  • Page 503 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:CKIT:<conn_type>:<std_type> '<Ckit_Name>','<Std_No>',<Min_Freq>,<Max_Freq>,<El_Length>,<Loss>,<C0> | <L0>,<C1> | <L1>,<C2> | <L2>,<C3> | <L3>, OPEN | SHORt Defines the parameters of a calibration standard <std_type> for a specified connector type <conn_type>. A particular physical standard can be selected by specifying the name of the calibration kit and its serial number.
  • Page 504 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands <Min_Freq> Min. frequency for which the circuit model is valid Default unit is Hz <Max_Freq> Max. frequency for which the circuit model is valid Default unit is Hz <El_Length> Electrical length (offset parameter) of the standard Default unit is m or ft, depending on the Distance Unit setting in the System...
  • Page 505 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands coefficients, no OPEN | SHORT| MATCh OSHort | MOSHort | Offset short (sexless) or offset short (m) '<Ckit_Name>' ... <L3>[, <Port_1>] FOSHort or offset short (f) complete parameter list with inductance (for user-defined connector types only) coefficients, no OPEN | SHORT| MATCh MMTCh | FMTCh Match (m) or match (f)
  • Page 506 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: MMEM:LOAD:CKIT 'C:\R_S\Instr\user\Nwa\Calibration\Kits\New_kit.calkit' Load the previously created cal kit file New_kit.calkit from the default cal kit directory. ORR:CKIT:N50:SEL 'New_kit' Assign the imported kit to the N 50 V connector type (assuming that the cal kit name stored in New_kit.calkit reads New_kit).
  • Page 507 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:CKIT:INSTall '<file_name>' Loads cal kit data from a specified ZVR cal kit file. Channel number. This suffix is ignored because calibration kits are channel- <Ch> independent. String parameter to specify the name and directory of the cal kit file to be loaded. '<file_name>' Note: The loaded file must be a ZVR-specific cal kit file with the extension *.ck.
  • Page 508 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands two separate calibrations are performed at ports 1 and 2. *RST value Optional entry of delay time or phase for UTHRough standard: AUTO | AUTO – The analyzer determines the delay time or phase during the calibration sweep <delay | <delay or phase>...
  • Page 509 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect[:ACQuire]:RSAVe:DEFault <Boolean> Activates or deactivates the calibration mode where the raw measurement data of the standards is stored after the calibration is completed. The setting remains valid for all subsequent calibrations until it is changed explicitly.
  • Page 510 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands select a unit for the calibration. Channel number of the calibrated channel. <Ch> Name and (possibly) directory of the cal kit file to be used for the '<file_name>' automatic calibration (string parameter): If nothing is specified (empty string ' '), the default cal kit file stored in the calibration unit is used.
  • Page 511 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Generate a cal kit file AutoCalChar.calkit for the active calibration unit and store it internally. [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:AUTO:PORTs '<file_name>',<analyzer_port_no>,<cal_unit_port_no>{,<analyzer_port_no>,<cal_u nit_port_no>} Selects and initiates a one-port or two-port automatic calibration at arbitrary analyzer and calibration unit ports. This command is necessary if the analyzer fails to detect the cal unit ports connected to each of its ports (e.g.
  • Page 512 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel number of the calibrated channel (not relevant for this <Ch> command). *RST value – Device-specific, query only SCPI, Command Types Example: CORR:COLL:AUTO:PORT '', 1, 2, 2, 1 Perform an automatic 2-port TOSM calibration at the analyzer test ports 1 and 2 using the calibration unit's default calibration kit file and ports 2 and 1 of the cal unit.
  • Page 513 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands maintained. CORR:COLL:CONN4? returns N75FEMALE. [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:CONNection:PORTs ALL | SINGle Qualifies whether the connector types at the analyzer ports (but not their gender) are equal or independent. In the present firmware version, a calibration must be performed using the same connector type at all ports.
  • Page 514 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands CORR:COLL:SAVE; DEL Calculate the system error correction data and apply them to the active channel, then delete the data. [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:METHod REFL1 | REFL2 | REFL12 | FTRans | RTRans | FRTRans | FOPort1 | FOPort2 | FOPort12 | FOPTport | ROPTport | TPORt | TOSM Selects a one-port or two-port calibration type at ports 1/2.
  • Page 515 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Device-specific, no query. Use [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:METHod? SCPI, to obtain a list of all calibration types for channel <Ch>. Command Types Example: See [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:SAVE:SELected. [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:SAVE Calculates the system error correction data from the acquired one or two-port measurement results ([SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect[:ACQuire]), stores them and applies them to the calibrated channel <Ch>.
  • Page 516 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel number of the calibrated channel. <Ch> *RST value – Device-specific, no query SCPI, Command Types Example: CORR:COLL:METH REFL1 Select a one-port normalization at port 1 with an open standard as calibration type. CORR:COLL:SAVE:DEF Calculate a dummy system error correction for the normalization at port 1.
  • Page 517 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:SAVE:SELected:DEFault Generates a set of default system error correction data for the selected ports and calibration type. The default data set corresponds to a test setup which does not introduce any systematic errors; none of the measurement results acquired previously ([SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect[:ACQuire]:SELected) is taken into account.
  • Page 518 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands types. *RST value 'N 50 Ohm',FEM for all ports. Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: *RST; CORR:COLL:SCON1 'N 75 Ohm', MALE; SCON4? Change the connector type at port 1 from 'N 50 Ohm', FEM to 'N 75 Ohm', MALE. The connector type at the other ports is also changed to N 75 Ohm, however, the gender (female) is maintained.
  • Page 519 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Name of the user-defined connectors, string parameter '<conn_name>' Device-specific, no query SCPI, Command Types Example: See [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:CONNection [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:DATA 'SCORR1' | ... | 'SCORR12' Writes or reads system error correction data for a specific channel <Ch> and calibration method ([SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:METHod).
  • Page 520 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:COLLect:METHod on port numbers) One-port normalization REFL1 'SCORR3' REFL2 'SCORR9' (reflection) using an open standard REFL12 'SCORR3' and 'SCORR9' Full one port FOPort1 'SCORR1' to 'SCORR3' FOPort2 'SCORR7' to 'SCORR9' FOPort12 'SCORR1' to 'SCORR3' and 'SCORR7' to 'SCORR9' Two-port normalization FTRans...
  • Page 521 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Calculate the system error correction data and apply them to the active channel. CORR:DATE? Query the time when the system error correction became active. The analyzer returns the data and time, e.g. '03/20/06,18:30:39'. CORR:DATA:PAR? Query the sweep settings for the calibration sweep.
  • Page 522 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:EDELay<port_no>:DISTance <length> Defines the offset parameter for test port <port_no> as a mechanical length. Channel number of the offset-corrected channel <Ch> Port number of the analyzer <port_no> Mechanical length <length> Range [def. unit] –3.402823466E+038 m to +3.4028234664E+038 m. 0 m [m or foot (ft), depending on the Distance Unit selected in the System *RST value Configuration dialog]...
  • Page 523 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Channel number of the offset-corrected channel <Ch> Port number of the analyzer <port_no> Delay <delay> Range [def. unit] -3.40282346638529E+038 s to +3.40282346638529E+038 s [s]. *RST value Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: See [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:EDELay<port_no>:ELENgth [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection:FACTory[:STATe] <Boolean>...
  • Page 524 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Port number of the analyzer. This numeric suffix is ignored; the active port is <port_no> determined by the active trace. Applies the Auto Length and Loss function. ONCE *RST value – Device-specific, no query SCPI, Command Types Example:...
  • Page 525 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Port number of the analyzer. This numeric suffix is ignored; the command <port_no> affects the parameters of all ports. The parameter function depends on whether the command is used as a setting <Boolean> command or as a query: For setting command: ON –...
  • Page 526 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands [SENSe<Ch>:]CORRection[:STATe] <Boolean> Enables or disables the system error correction for channel <Ch>. Calibrated channel number <Ch> Enables (ON) or disables (OFF) the correction. <Boolean> *RST value ON [–] Confirmed, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: *RST;...
  • Page 527 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Set center frequency to 100 MHz. FREQ:SPAN 50000 Set frequency span to 50 kHz. The measurement range defined by means of the center frequency and the current span ([SENSe<Ch>:]FREQuency:SPAN) must not exceed the allowed frequency range of the analyzer. If necessary, the span is reduced to min (Center –...
  • Page 528 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Activate a frequency sweep and select the ratio B1/A2 as measured parameter for channel and trace no. 1. FREQ:CENT 100MHz Set center frequency to 100 MHz. FREQ:SPAN 50000 Set frequency span to 50 kHz, leaving the center frequency unchanged. Note: The measurement range defined by means of the span and the current center frequency ([SENSe<Ch>:]FREQuency:CENTer), must not exceed the allowed frequency range of the analyzer.
  • Page 529 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Types Example: FUNC "XFR:POW:RAT B1, A2" Activate a frequency sweep and select the ratio B1/A2 as measured parameter for channel and trace no. 1. FREQ:STAR 100000 Set start frequency to 100 kHz. FREQ:STOP 10MHz Set stop frequency to 10 MHz.
  • Page 530 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands The following keywords define the measurement parameter (see SCPI command reference: function name): S-parameter with output and input port number of the DUT, e.g. S11, S21. POWer:S<Pt ><Pt > Stability factor K POWer:KFACtor Stability factors µ1 or µ2 POWer:MUFactor<1|2>...
  • Page 531 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Confirmed, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: ROSC EXT Select external reference oscillator. ROSC:EXT:FREQ? Query the frequency of the external reference oscillator. The response is 10000000 Hz, i.e. the frequency of the external reference oscillator must be 10 MHz. [SENSe<Ch>:]ROSCillator:EXTernal:FREQuency <numeric_value>...
  • Page 532 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Types Example: SEGM:INS 1MHZ, 1.5MHZ, 111, -21DBM, 0.5S, 0, 10KHZ Create a sweep segment with a sweep range between 1.0 MHz and 1.5 MHz. SEGM2:ADD Create a second sweep segment. The frequency range of the second segment will be between 1.5 MHz and the maximum frequency of the analyzer.
  • Page 533 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: SEGM:ADD Create a new sweep segment no. 1 in channel no. 1 using default settings and thus 10 kHz measurement bandwidth. SEGM:BWID 1 MHZ Increase the resolution bandwidth to 1 MHz. [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:BWIDth[:RESolution]:CONTrol <Boolean> Qualifies whether or not the Meas Bandwidth can be set independently for each sweep segment.
  • Page 534 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: SEGM:ADD Create a new sweep segment no. 1 in channel no. 1 using default settings and thus the Fast filter type. SEGM:BWID:SEL NORM Activate an IF filter with high selectivity. [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:BWIDth[:RESolution]:SELect:CONTrol <Boolean> Qualifies whether or not the Filter Type (selectivity) can be set independently for each sweep segment. Channel number.
  • Page 535 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value – Device-specific, query only. SCPI, Command Types Example: SEGM:ADD Create a new sweep segment no. 1 in channel no. 1 using default settings. SEGM OFF Disable the measurement in the created sweep segment. SEGM:COUN? Query the number of segments.
  • Page 536 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands set: the value must be 0. Range [def. unit] 0 s to 2.5E+003 s. [s] AUTO activates automatic sweep time setting in the segment, which is equivalent to a meas. delay of 0 s. Ignored parameter, should be set to the default value 0.
  • Page 537 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: SEGM:ADD Create a new sweep segment no. 1 in channel no. 1 using default settings and thus NORMal selectivity. SEGM:ALL Delete the created segment and all segments in the channel created before. [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:FREQuency:CENTer? Returns the center frequency of sweep segment no.
  • Page 538 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MHz. SEGM:FREQ:SPAN? Query the span of the created segment. The response is 5.0000000000E+005. Note: The frequency range of the sweep segment can be changed via [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:FREQuency:STARt and [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:FREQuency:STOP. [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:FREQuency:STARt <Start> Defines the Start frequency of sweep segment no. <Seg>. Channel number.
  • Page 539 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands SEGM:FREQ:STOP? Query the stop frequency of the created segment. The response is 1.5000000000E+006. Note: If the stop frequency entered is smaller than the current start frequency ([SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:FREQuency:STARt), the start frequency is set to the stop frequency minus the minimum frequency span ([SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:FREQuency:SPAN).
  • Page 540 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Ignored parameter, should be set to the default value 0. <Unused> Resolution bandwidth in the segment. See <Meas. Bandwidth> [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:BWIDth[:RESolution]. Range [def. unit] 1.0E-6 Hz to 5 MHz [Hz]. Device-specific, no query. SCPI, Command Types Example: SEGM:INS 1MHZ, 1.5MHZ, 111, -21DBM, 0.5S, 0, 10KHZ...
  • Page 541 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Decrease the power to –20 dBm. [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:POWer[:LEVel]:CONTrol <Boolean> Qualifies whether or not the Power of the internal signal source can be set independently for each sweep segment. Channel number. <Ch> Sweep segment number. <Seg> ON: The power can be set independently for each sweep segment.
  • Page 542 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Disable the measurement in the created sweep segment. [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:SWEep:DWELl <Meas. Delay> Defines the delay time for each partial measurement in sweep segment no. <Seg> (Meas. Delay). If coupling of the segments is switched on ([SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>:SWEep:DWELl:CONTrol ON) the delay is valid for all sweep segments in the current channel.
  • Page 543 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Example: SEGM:ADD Create a new sweep segment no. 1 in channel no. 1 using default settings and thus 0 s meas. delay. SEGM:SWE:DWELl 0.1 Increase the meas. delay to 0.1 s. SEGM:SWE:DWELl:CONT OFF Couple the meas. delay in all segments and reset the delay in segment no. 1 to the initial value of 0 s.
  • Page 544 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Range [def. unit] 1 to 999. [–] *RST value Confirmed, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: See CALCulate<Chn>:DATA:NSWeep?. [SENSe<Ch>:]SWEep:DWELl <delay> Defines the Meas. Delay time for each partial measurement. This command is not available on R&S ZVL13 network analyzers.
  • Page 545 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands SWE:POIN 2010 Multiply the (default) number of points by 10. [SENSe<Ch>:]SWEep:SPACing LINear | LOGarithmic Defines the frequency vs. time characteristics of a frequency sweep (Lin Frequency or Log Frequency). The command has no effect on segmented frequency sweeps. Note: Use [SENSe<Ch>:]SWEep:TPYE to select sweep types other than Lin Frequency or Log Frequency.
  • Page 546 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands The trace automatically becomes the active trace. SENS4:SWE:SRCP 2 Select drive port 2 for the active trace. [SENSe<Ch>:]SWEep:STEP <step_size> Sets the distance between two consecutive sweep points. This setting is valid for sweep types with equidistant sweep points only. It does not apply to logarithmic and segmented sweeps.

  • Page 547: Source

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands the [SENSe<Ch>:]SEGMent<Seg>... subsystem. *RST value LINear Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: FUNC "XFR:POW:S12" Activate a frequency sweep and select the S-parameter S12 as measured parameter for channel and trace no. 1. SWE:TYPE LOG Change to sweep type Log Frequency.

  • Page 548: Status

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands increment/decrement the source power in 0.1-dB steps. *RST value –10 dBm Confirmed, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: FUNC "XFR:POW:RAT B1, A2" Activate a frequency sweep and select the ratio B1/A2 as measured parameter for channel and trace no.
  • Page 549 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands questionable instrument states. STATus:QUEStionable:ENABle Sets the enable mask which allows true conditions in the EVENt part of the QUEStionable register to be reported in the summary bit. If a bit is 1 in the enable register and its associated event bit transitions to true, a positive transition will occur in the summary bit (bit 3 of the STatus Byte).
  • Page 550 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands STATus:QUEStionable:PTRansition Sets the positive transition filter. Setting a bit causes a 0 to 1 transition in the corresponding bit of the associated condition register to cause a 1 to be written in the associated bit of the corresponding event register.
  • Page 551 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands – *RST value Confirmed, query only SCPI, Command Types Example: STAT:QUES:LIM1? Query the EVENt part of the QUEStionable:LIMit1 register to check whether an event has occurred since the last reading. STATus:QUEStionable:LIMit<1|2>:NTRansition Sets the negative transition filter. Setting a bit causes a 1 to 0 transition in the corresponding bit of the associated condition register to cause a 1 to be written in the associated bit of the corresponding event register.

  • Page 552: System

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Types Example: STAT:QUE? Query the oldest entry in the error queue. 0,"No error" is returned if the error queue is empty. SYSTem... This subsystem collects the functions that are not related to instrument performance, such as function for general housekeeping and function related to global configurations.
  • Page 553 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands SYSTem:COMMunicate:GPIB[:SELF]:ADDRess <address_no> Sets the GPIB address of the analyzer. GPIB address (integer number) <address_no> Range [def. unit] 0 to 30 [–]. *RST value The GPIB address is factory-preset (value 20). *RST has no effect on the value.
  • Page 554 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands queries are answered by a query error. *RST value – Device-specific, query only SCPI, Command Types Example: SYST:COMM:PRIN:ENUM:NEXT? SYSTem:COMMunicate:PRINter:ENUMerate:FIRSt? Queries the name of the first printer (in the list of printers) available under Windows XP. The names of other installed printers can be queried with the SYSTem:COMMunicate:PRINter:ENUMerate[:NEXT]? command.
  • Page 555 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands variable). The names of all connected cal units can be queried using SYSTem:COMMunicate:RDEVice:AKAL:ADDRess:ALL? *RST values '' (empty string; *RST has no effect on external devices). Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: SYST:COMM:RDEV:AKAL:ADDR:ALL? Query the names of all connected calibration units.
  • Page 556 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Command Types Example: SYST:DATA:SIZE ALL Select data transfer with full buffer size in order to view the trace data from a single sweep.. SYSTem:DATE <year>,<month>,<day> Sets the date for the internal calendar. <year>,<month>,<day> Date; the sequence of entry is year, month, day. Range [def.
  • Page 557 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: SYST:DISP:FPAN ON Activates the display. SYSTem:DISPlay:UPDate <Boolean> | ONCE Switches the display on or off while the analyzer is in the remote state. The command has no effect while the analyzer is in the Local operating state.
  • Page 558 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands SYSTem:ERRor:ALL? Queries and at the same time deletes all entries in the error queue. The entries consist of an error number and a short description of the error. Positive error numbers are instrument-dependent. Negative error numbers are reserved by the SCPI standard; see section Error Messages.
  • Page 559 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands entry in the table SYSTEM MESSAGES. If the error list is empty, an empty string "" will be returned. *RST value – Device-specific, query only SCPI, Command Types Example: SYST:ERR:LIST? Read system messages and display them in a list. SYSTem:FIRMware:UPDate '<file_name>' Installs a firmware version stored in a NWA setup file (*.msi) on the analyzer.
  • Page 560 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands 221, (settings conflict). *RST value – (neither the password nor the protection of service functions is affected by *RST) Confirmed, no query SCPI, Command Types Example: SYST:PASS "XXXX" Enter password. SYSTem:PASSword:RESet This command resets the service password. *RST value –...
  • Page 561 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands The settings of the active setup are reset; the name of the active setup and the SINGle parameters of all other setups remain unchanged. *RST value – (*RST does not affect the preset scope setting) Device-specific, command or query SCPI, Command Types...
  • Page 562 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands The command has an effect if the analyzer operates in single sweep mode (INITiate<Ch>:CONTinuous OFF) and if the display update is switched off (SYSTem:DISPlay:UPDate OFF). In this scenario, a change of the channel or trace settings is usually not taken into account immediately.
  • Page 563 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands SYSTem:USER:DISPlay:TITLe '<title>' Defines a title for the remote display. Title (string variable) '<title>' *RST value – (*RST does not affect the title) Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: SYST:USER:DISP:TITL 'Remote test running' Define a title for the remote display.

  • Page 564: Trace

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Manual and Remote Control. Number of the user key <ukey_no> Range [def. unit] 1 to 8 – user key numbers *RST value – (the parameter is also needed in the query form) Name of a function key, e.g. 'S11', 'Start' etc. (string variable) '<ukey_name>' *RST value '' (empty string)
  • Page 565 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands IMPlied trace Memory trace named Mem<n>[Trc<m>]. MDATa1, MDATa2, TRACe:CLEar The trace name is unique because <n> MDATa3, MDATa4, TRACe:COPY counts all data and memory traces in the MDATa5, MDATa6, TRACe[:DATA][:RESPonse][:ALL]? active setup. MDATa7, MDATa8 TRACe[:DATA][:STIMulus][:ALL]? CALCulate<Chn>:MATH[:EXPRession][:DEFine] TRACe:CLEar MDATA1 | MDATA2 | MDATA3 | MDATA4 | MDATA5 | MDATA6 |...
  • Page 566 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands Name of the memory trace. <memory_trc> Range [def. unit] <memory_trace> is either a string variable (enclosed in single or double quotes) or one of the following reserved names (no string variables): MDATA1 | MDATA2 | MDATA3 | MDATA4 | MDATA5 | MDATA6 | MDATA7 | MDATA8 (only for memory traces Mem<n>[Trc<m>], where n = 1, ...
  • Page 567 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands MDATA7 | MDATA8 (only for memory traces Mem<n>[Trc<m>], where n = 1, ... 8; see list of trace names). [–] *RST value – Name of the data trace <data_trc> Range [def. unit] <data_trace> is either a string variable (enclosed in single or double quotes) or one of the following reserved names (no string variables): CH1DATA | CH2DATA | CH3DATA | CH4DATA (only for the active data trace in channels Ch1, Ch2, Ch3, Ch4;...
  • Page 568 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands channel 1 (omitted optional mnemonic SENSe1). CALC:FORM MLIN; :FORM ASCII; FORM:DEXP:SOUR FDAT Select the trace data format: linear magnitude values, ASCII format and formatted trace data (1 value per sweep point). TRAC? CH1DATA Query the 20 response values of the created trace according to the previous format settings.

  • Page 569: Trigger

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands TRIGger<Ch>... This subsystem is used to synchronize the analyzer's actions (in particular, the start of a measurement sequence) with events. TRIGger<Ch>[:SEQuence]:HOLDoff <numeric_value> Sets a delay time between the trigger event and the start of the measurement (Trigger Delay). Channel number.

  • Page 570: Unit

    R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value POSitive Confirmed, command or query SCPI, Command Types Example: TRIG:SOUR EXT Activate external signal as trigger source. TRIG:SLOP NEG Trigger on the negative edge of the (external TTL) trigger signal. TRIGger<Ch>[:SEQuence]:SOURce IMMediate | EXTernal Selects the source for the events that the analyzer uses to start a sweep.
  • Page 571 R&S ZVL Command Reference Instrument-Control Commands *RST value – (a *RST does not affect the default unit of length) Device-specific, command or query. SCPI, Command Types Example: UNIT:LENG METer; :CORR:EDEL:DIST 1 Define a mechanical length offset of 1 m. UNIT:LENG FOOT; :CORR:EDEL:DIST? Change the default unit of length and query the mechanical length.
  • Page 572 R&S ZVL Contents Table of Contents Programming Examples..................558 Basic Tasks ............................558 Typical Stages of a Remote Control Program.................558 Basic Instrument Settings......................558 Adjusting the Test Setup .......................559 Start of the Measurement and Command Synchronization............559 Retrieving Measurement Results ....................560 Handling of Channels, Traces and Diagram Areas .................561 Several Traces with Equal Channel Settings ................561 Several Traces with Different Channel Settings...

  • Page 573: Programming Examples

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks 8 Programming Examples This chapter contains detailed program examples. The syntax and use of all SCPI commands is described in the SCPI Reference chapter. For a general introduction to remote control of the analyzer refer to chapter Remote Control. For an overview of special remote control features of the network analyzers refer to section NWA Remote Control Features in Chapter 5.

  • Page 574: Adjusting The Test Setup

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks // Avoid a delay time between different partial measurements and before the start of the sweeps (is default setting). SENSe1:SWEep:TIME:AUTO ON TRIGger1:SEQuence:SOURce IMMediate // Select the widest bandwidth compatible with your measurement. SENSe1:BANDwidth:RESolution 10 // Adjust your sweep points to your measurement task, e.g.

  • Page 575: Retrieving Measurement Results

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks // 2. Start single sweep, use *OPC? // If *OPC follows INITiate<Ch>[:IMMediate], it places a 1 into the output queue when the sweep is terminated. // An appropriate condition in the remote control program must cause the controller to wait until *OPC? returns one.

  • Page 576: Handling Of Channels, Traces And Diagram Areas

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks CALCulate1:DATA? FDATa / Read the formatted trace data Use CALCulate<Chn>:DATA:NSWeep to retrieve a particular trace within a group of sweeps. Handling of Channels, Traces and Diagram Areas The following examples show you how to perform basic tasks related to channel and trace definition and to the display of traces in diagram areas.
  • Page 577 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks channel suffix. Diagram areas are referenced by a window suffix <Wnd>. An additional suffix <WndTr> in the DISPlay:WINDow<Wnd>:TRACe<WndTr>... commands numbers the different traces in a diagram area. In remote control, it is possible to display the same trace in several diagram areas. The analyzer provides several commands allowing a smooth transition between remote and manual control.
  • Page 578 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks // 2. One channel, two traces, two diagram areas // Create a second diagram area, assign Trc2 to the new area, and remove it from the first area. DISPlay:WINDow2:STATe ON DISPlay:WINDow2:TRACe2:FEED 'Trc2' // Trc2 is now displayed in both diagram areas DISPlay:WINDow1:TRACe2:DELete Check the result on the local screen // Go to local...
  • Page 579 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks // 3. One channel, four traces, four diagram areas // Reset the instrument, add diagram areas no. 2, 3, 4. *RST; :DISPlay:WINDow2:STATe ON DISPlay:WINDow3:STATe ON DISPlay:WINDow4:STATe ON // Assign the reflection parameter S11 to the default trace. :CALCulate1:PARameter:MEASure 'Trc1', 'S11' // Assign the remaining S-parameters to new traces Trc2, Trc3, Tr4;...
  • Page 580 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks CALCulate1:PARameter:SDEFine 'Trc4', 'S22' CALCulate1:FORMat SMITh // Smith chart for the active trace Trc4, referenced by the channel number // Display the new traces in diagram areas no. 2 to 4. DISPlay:WINDow2:TRACe2:FEED 'Trc2' DISPlay:WINDow3:TRACe3:FEED 'Trc3' DISPlay:WINDow4:TRACe4:FEED 'Trc4' Check the result on the local screen // Go to local...

  • Page 581: Several Traces With Different Channel Settings

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks Several Traces with Different Channel Settings... Programming task: Create three channels with 3, 1 and 2 traces, respectively, and display the traces in two diagram areas. Important remote control features for this program example The following command sequence illustrates the structure of the remote commands discussed in section Basic Remote Control Concepts.
  • Page 582 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks Diagram areas are referenced by a window suffix <Wnd>. An additional suffix <WndTr> in the DISPlay:WINDow<Wnd>:TRACe<WndTr>... commands numbers the different traces in a diagram area. The analyzer provides several commands allowing a smooth transition between remote and manual control.
  • Page 583 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks Check the result on the local screen // Go to local SYSTem:DISPlay:UPDate ONCE Operating Manual 1303.6580.32-05...
  • Page 584 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks // 2. Create second diagram area and display traces DISPlay:WINDow2:STATe ON DISPlay:WINDow1:TRACe2:FEED 'Admittance_trace' DISPlay:WINDow1:TRACe3:FEED 'Y_trace' DISPlay:WINDow2:TRACe1:FEED 'Impedance_trace' DISPlay:WINDow2:TRACe2:FEED 'Ratio_trace' DISPlay:WINDow2:TRACe3:FEED 'Z_trace' Check the result on the local screen // Go to local SYSTem:DISPlay:UPDate ONCE // 3.

  • Page 585: Markers And Limit Lines

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks // The response is 'Trc1,S21,Impedance_trace,Z-S21,Admittance_trace,Y-S21' // Query the reference level for the 'Z_trace'. // The trace is referenced by its number in diagram area no. 2. DISPlay:WINDow2:TRACe3:Y:RLEVel? // Change the display format for the 'Z_trace'. The trace is the active trace in channel 3, // so it is referenced by the channel suffix 3.
  • Page 586 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks Diagram areas are referenced by a window suffix <Wnd>. An additional suffix <WndTr> in the DISPlay:WINDow<Wnd>:TRACe<WndTr>... commands numbers the different traces in a diagram area. The analyzer provides several commands allowing a smooth transition between remote and manual control.
  • Page 587 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks // 2. Marker settings // Adjust the sweep range to consider an interesting segment of the trace and re-scale the diagram. SENSe1:FREQuency:STARt 4.5 GHz; STOP 5.5 GHz DISPlay:WINDow1:TRACe1:Y:SCALe:AUTO ONCE / in the autoscale command the trace is referenced by its number in the diagram // Select trace Trc1 as the active trace of the channel, define a reference marker and a delta marker.
  • Page 588 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks CALCulate1:MARKer1:FUNCtion:EXECute MIN; RES? // the query returns the stimulus and the response value at the marker position Check the result on the local screen // Go to local SYSTem:DISPlay:UPDate ONCE Use the CALCulate<Chn>:DATA... commands to retrieve the complete trace; see Retrieving Measurement Results.
  • Page 589 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Basic Tasks entire sweep range CALCulate1:LIMit:DATA 2, 4500000000, 5000000000, -10, -15 CALCulate1:LIMit:DATA 2, 5000000000, 5500000000, -15, -10 // define two segments for the lower limit line // Display the limit line and perform the limit check. CALCulate1:LIMit:DISPlay:STATe ON CALCulate1:LIMit:STATe ON;...

  • Page 590: Condensed Programming Examples

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Condensed Programming Examples DISPlay:MENU:KEY:EXECute 'Define Limit Line' Condensed Programming Examples Calibration The following example shows you how to perform a multiport calibration of the analyzer. // Reset the analyzer *RST // Set cal kit as active kit for N50 :SENSE:CORRECTION:CKIT:N50:SELECT 'N 50 Ohm Ideal Kit' // Select connectors for the ports :SENSE1:CORRECTION:COLLECT:CONNECTION1 N50MALE...
  • Page 591 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Condensed Programming Examples // Measure Standards :SENSe1:CORRection:COLLect:ACQuire:SELected OPEN, 1 :SENSe1:CORRection:COLLect:ACQuire:SELected SHORT, 1 :SENSe1:CORRection:COLLect:ACQuire:SELected MATCH, 1 // Apply cal :SENSe1:CORRection:COLLect:SAVE:SELected // 2 port TOSM // Select cal procedure :SENSe1:CORRection:COLLect:METHod:DEFine 'Test SFK TOSM 12', TOSM, 1, 2 // Measure Standards :SENSe1:CORRection:COLLect:ACQuire:SELected THROUGH, 1, 2 :SENSe1:CORRection:COLLect:ACQuire:SELected OPEN, 1 :SENSe1:CORRection:COLLect:ACQuire:SELected SHORT, 1...

  • Page 592: Modeling A Max Hold Function

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Condensed Programming Examples Modeling a Max Hold Function The following example shows you how to emulate a max hold function. // Reset the analyzer *RST :DISPlay:WINDow1:TITLe:DATA 'Max Hold Function Emulation' // Create a trace with the last extremum as memory trace. :TRACe:COPY 'LastExtr', 'Trc1' // Display this last extremum trace.

  • Page 593: Retrieving The Results Of Previous Sweeps

    R&S ZVL Programming Examples Condensed Programming Examples Retrieving the Results of Previous Sweeps The command CALCulate<Ch>:DATA:NSWeep? SDATa, <Trace_Hist_Count> retrieves the results of any sweep within a previously defined single sweep group. This means that, in single sweep mode, you can first measure a specified number of sweeps (SENSe<Ch>:SWEep:COUNt <sweeps>) and then read any of the data traces acquired.
  • Page 594 R&S ZVL Programming Examples Condensed Programming Examples :CALCULATE2:DATA? SDATA // Read last and previous trace data in channel 1 and 2 :CALCULATE1:DATA:NSWEEP? SDATA, 1 // last trace data :CALCULATE1:DATA:NSWEEP? SDATA, 3 // previous trace data :CALCULATE2:DATA:NSWEEP? SDATA, 1 // last trace data :CALCULATE2:DATA:NSWEEP? SDATA, 4 // previous trace data Operating Manual 1303.6580.32-05...
  • Page 596 R&S ZVL Contents Table of Contents Interfaces and Connectors ................583 Front Panel Connectors ........................583 Test Ports ............................583 USB Connectors ..........................583 PROBE POWER ..........................584 Rear Panel Connectors ........................584 LAN ..............................584 EXT TRIGGER ..........................584 EXT REF ............................585 POWER SENSOR (Option R&S FSL–B5, Additional Interfaces) ...........585 NOISE SOURCE CONTROL (Option R&S FSL–B5, Additional Interfaces)........585 IF/VIDEO OUT (Option R&S FSL–B5, Additional Interfaces) ............586 AUX PORT (Option R&S FSL–B5, Additional Interfaces)...............586...
  • Page 597 R&S ZVL Contents RSIB Interface Functions ........................593 Variables ibsta, iberr, ibcntl ......................593 Error variable iberr ........................593 Count variable - ibcntl........................594 Overview of Interface Functions ....................594 Description of Interface Functions ....................595 Operating Manual 1303.6580.32-05...

  • Page 598: Interfaces And Connectors

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Front Panel Connectors 9 Interfaces and Connectors This chapter provides a detailed description of the hardware interfaces and connectors of the instrument. For a graphical overview of the front panel and rear panel connectors and their use refer to chapter Preparing for Use.

  • Page 599: Probe Power

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors Using an adapter cable (R&S NRP–Z4), a power sensor can be connected, as an alternative to the power sensor connector on the rear panel that is only available with option Additional Interfaces, R&S FSL–B5. For maintaining the EMI conformity of the R&S ZVL only appropriate USB accessories may be used.

  • Page 600: Ext Ref

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors EXT REF BNC female connector, used as an input or output for the 10 MHz reference clock signal. The function of the 10 MHz REF connector depends on the Int. Reference or Ext. Reference setting in the SETUP menu: •...

  • Page 601: If/Video Out (Option R&S Fsl-B5, Additional Interfaces)

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors IF/VIDEO OUT (Option R&S FSL–B5, Additional Interfaces) BNC female connector, used as an intermediate frequency (IF) output of approximately 20 MHz or as a video output at the selected video and resolution bandwidth (with spectrum analyzer option R&S ZVL-K1). This connector cannot be used simultaneously with the AF output connector on the front panel unless it is configured as a video output.

  • Page 602: Gpib Interface (Option R&S Fsl-B10)

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors GPIB Interface (Option R&S FSL–B10) GPIB interface in compliance with IEEE488 and SCPI. A computer for remote control can be connected via this interface. To set up the connection, a shielded cable is recommended. See GPIB Bus Interface above in this chapter.

  • Page 603: Battery Pack (Option R&S Fsl-B31)

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors Input Voltage Max. Current or Power 11 V to 12.5 V 125 VA 12.5 V to 18.7 V 10 A 18.7 V to 28 V 200 VA The instrument is switched on or off using the standby key on the front panel; see sections Power Supply Options and DC Power Supply and Battery in chapter 1.

  • Page 604: Interface Functions

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors Bus lines 1. Data bus with 8 lines D0 to D7The transmission is bit-parallel and byte-serial in the ASCII/ISO code. D0 is the least significant bit, D7 the most significant bit. 2. Control bus with five lines IFC (Interface Clear):active LOW resets the interfaces of the instruments connected to the default setting.

  • Page 605: Interface Messages

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors Control character Interface function Handshake source function (source handshake), full capability Handshake sink function (acceptor handshake), full capability Listener function, full capability, de-addressed by MTA. Talker function, full capability, ability to respond to serial poll, deaddressed by MLA Service request function (Service Request), full capability Parallel poll function, full capability Remote/Local switch over function, full capability...

  • Page 606: Instrument Messages

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors Command QuickBASIC Effect on the instrument command IBPPC (device%, Configures the instrument for parallel poll. Additionally, the QuickBASIC command (Parallel Poll data%) executes PPE/PPD. Configure) IBCLR (device%) Aborts the processing of the commands just received and sets the command (Selected Device processing software to a defined initial state.

  • Page 607: Interface Messages

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors channel. Instrument control is mainly performed on the core channel (program, response and low–level control messages). The abort channel is used for immediate abort of the core channel; the interrupt channel transmits spontaneous service requests of the instrument. Link setup itself is very complex. For more details refer to the VXI–11 specification.

  • Page 608: Rsib Interface Functions

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors Command Effect on the instrument &LLO (Local Lockout) Disables switchover from remote control to manual control by means of the front panel keys. &POL (Serial Poll) Starts a serial poll. &NREN (Not Remote Enable) Enables switchover from remote control to manual control by means of the front panel keys.

  • Page 609: Count Variable - Ibcntl

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors Error Error Description code IBERR_CONNECT Link to the device has failed. IBERR_NO_DEVICE An interface function was called with an invalid device handle. IBERR_MEM No free memory available. IBERR_TIMEOUT Timeout has occurred. IBERR_BUSY The RSIB interface is blocked by a function not yet completed.

  • Page 610: Description Of Interface Functions

    R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors Description of Interface Functions RSDLLibfind() The function provides a handle for access to the device with the name udName. VB format Function RSDLLibfind (ByVal udName$, ibsta%, iberr%, ibcntl&) As Integer C-format short WINAPI RSDLLibfind( char far *udName, short far *ibsta, short far *iberr, unsigned long far *ibcntl) C format short RSDLLibfind( char *udName, short *ibsta, short *iberr, unsigned...
  • Page 611 R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors VB format Function RSDLLilwrt (ByVal ud%, ByVal Wrt$, ByVal Cnt&, ibsta%, iberr%, ibcntl&) As Integer C-format short WINAPI RSDLLilwrt( short ud, char far *Wrt, unsigned long Cnt, short far *ibsta, short far *iberr, unsigned long far *ibcntl) C format short RSDLLilwrt( short ud, char *Wrt, unsigned long Cnt, short (Unix)
  • Page 612 R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors C format short RSDLLibrd( short ud, char *Rd, short *ibsta, short *iberr, (Unix) unsigned long *ibcntl ) ud // Device handle Parameters Rd // String into which the read data is copied Example RSDLLibrd (ud, Rd, ibsta, iberr, ibcntl) This function fetches the responses of the GPIB parser to a query.
  • Page 613 R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors C format short RSDLLibrd( short ud, char *file, short *ibsta, short *iberr, (Unix) unsigned long *ibcntl ) ud // Device handle Parameters file // File into which the read data is written Example RSDLLibrdf (ud, "c:\db.sav", ibsta, iberr, ibcntl) The file name may as well include a drive or path specification.
  • Page 614 R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors RSDLLibloc This function temporarily switches the device to the 'LOCAL' state. VB format Function RSDLLibloc (ByVal ud%, ibsta%, iberr%, ibcntl&) As Integer C-format short WINAPI RSDLLibloc( short ud, short far *ibsta, short far *iberr, unsigned long far *ibcntl) C format short RSDLLibloc( short ud, short *ibsta, short *iberr, unsigned...
  • Page 615 R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors C format short RSDLLibrsp( short ud, char *spr, short *ibsta, short *iberr, (Unix) unsigned long *ibcntl) ud // Device handle Parameters spr // Pointer to status byte Example RSDLLibrsp(ud, spr, ibsta, iberr, ibcntl) RSDLLibclr Sends the command SDC (Device Clear) to the instrument.
  • Page 616 R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors Rear Panel Connectors VB format Function RSDLLTestSrq (ByVal ud%, Result%, ibsta%, iberr%, ibcntl&) As Integer C-format short WINAPI RSDLLTestSrq( short ud, short far *result, short far *ibsta, short far *iberr, unsigned long far *ibcntl) C format short RSDLLTestSrq( short ud, short *result, short *ibsta, short (Unix) *iberr, unsigned long *ibcntl)
  • Page 617 R&S ZVL Interfaces and Connectors C format void RSDLLSwapBytes( void *pArray, const long size, const long (Unix) count) pArray // Array in which modifications are made Parameters size // Size of a single element in pArray count // Number of elements in pArray Example RSDLLSwapBytes( Buffer, sizeof(float), ibcntl/sizeof(float)) This function swaps the display of various elements from Big Endian to Little Endian and vice versa.
  • Page 618 R&S ZVL Contents Table of Contents 10 Error Messages....................604 Asynchronous Errors........................604 Obtaining Technical Support ......................605 Operating Manual 1303.6580.32-05...
  • Page 619 R&S ZVL Error Messages Asynchronous Errors 10 Error Messages An error generally causes the analyzer to display a tooltip across the lower part of the screen. The tooltip provides a textual description of the error, e. g.: The errors can be divided into three categories: •...
  • Page 620 R&S ZVL Error Messages Asynchronous Errors *) The following bits in the STATus:QUEStionable:INTegrity:HARDware register are set when the error occurs. The order of the errors in the table above corresponds to their priority: Errors in the upper rows are displayed with higher priority. Obtaining Technical Support Our customer support centers are there to assist you in solving any problems that you may encounter with your network analyzer.
  • Page 621 R&S ZVL Index Index *.msi ................38 Close ................307 Command *CLS ................344 2-port ................179 common ............321, 348 device-specific............321 2-port S-parameters............179 a1 ..................179 stucture and syntax ..........321 a2 ..................179 Command description (notation) ........346 AC power.................21 CONDition ..............333 Add Channel..............263 Continuous Sweep............
  • Page 622 R&S ZVL Index K-factor................191 Reflection measurement..........43 Transmission measurement ........49 LAN, remote control............34 Limit line ............62, 202, 360 Excursion...............373 External Accessories ............30 Lin. Frequency............106, 528 FILE key ................279 Linear 2-port ..............191 File Manager..............285 Local Max ..............373 Firmware update..............38 Local Min ...............
  • Page 623 R&S ZVL Index Screen saver ..............12 NRFD ................588 NT named pipe ..............314 Search ..............161, 373 Segmented Frequency........106, 251, 254 NT pipe A/B ..............314 NTR ................333 Selectivity (Define Segments) ........254 NTRansition..............333 Service ................303 Number of Points ........... 251, 258, 528 Service Request Enable ..........
  • Page 624 R&S ZVL Index programming examples ...........561 WCDMA Measurements ..........102 Trace Funct ..............128 WiMAX OFDM/OFDMA Analysis ........102 Trace Statistics ..............136 Windows XP ..............37 Tracking..............164, 373 Wizard ................181 Transform ..............140 WLAN OFDM Analysis........... 102 Transformation Network..........231 Y-parameter..............91 Transmission masurement example ........49 Y-parameter..............

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