Related Manuals for Digigram ALP442e
Summary of Contents for Digigram ALP442e
- Page 1 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC User Manual ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Professional multi-channel sound card March 2023 Author Date Status 15/11/22 En rédaction...
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Page 2: Table Of Contents
7.3 Updating the firmware 7.4 Verifying the card installation 7.4.1 Presence of playback and recording devices 7.4.2 Card detected by the Digigram ALP-X Manager application 7.4.3 Card availability under ASIO 7.5 Replacing a card 7.6 Changing the order of installed cards... - Page 3 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 11 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION UNDER LINUX 11.1 Automatic installation 11.2 Building and installing the driver manually 12 CONFIGURING ALP882e and ALP882e-Mic UNDER LINUX VIA AMIXER 12.1 Diagram of the audio inputs towards audio outputs chain 12.2 Description of the controls...
- Page 4 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14.7 Cables for ALP882e and ALP882e-MIC 14.7.1 Cable for analog I/Os 14.7.1.1 Diagram 14.7.1.2 Pinout 14.7.2 Cable for digital I/Os 14.7.2.1 Diagram 14.7.2.2 Pinout...
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Page 5: Introduction
These cards are part of the ALP-X professional sound cards range. Copyright 2023 Digigram. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced without the prior consent of Digigram. This reservation includes photocopying, translating and/or reformatting the information contained in this manual. -
Page 6: Important Notice
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Certifications The product is currently being certified. This product has been designed in accordance with the following standards: EMC Directive 2014/30/EU. ● FCC Rules Part 15, Subpart B. -
Page 7: Box Contents
3 BOX CONTENTS Thank you for purchasing a DIGIGRAM sound card in the ALP-X range. The box contains: The ALP442e, or ALP442e-MIC, or ALP882e, or ALP882e-MIC sound card equipped with a low- ● profile bracket (79.2 mm), a standard height bracket (full height: 120 mm) that can be fitted instead of the low profile ●... -
Page 8: Routing Audio Streams In The Card
The ALP cards incorporate an on-board mixer in an FPGA component. On ALP442e and ALP442e-MIC, this is a mixer with 16 mono inputs (8 stereo) and 16 mono outputs (8 stereo). The mixer captures the physical input channels of the card (4 analog channels and 4 AES3 channels) and the 8 channels of the playback devices. - Page 9 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC On ALP882e and ALP882e-MIC, this is a mixer with 32 mono inputs (16 stereo) and 32 mono outputs (16 stereo). The mixer captures the physical input channels of the card (8 analog channels and 8 AES3 channels) and the 16 channels of the playback devices.
- Page 10 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 16 x Playback mixer Playback Acquis Playout Playback ition applicat applic ion(s) Playback ations Analog Anal Analog Anal Digit AES3 AES3 Digit ALP442e and ALP442 gain e only ALP442e-MIC...
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Page 11: Required Configuration
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 32 x Playback device ordin mixer Playout applica Acqu tion(s) Playback device isitio ordin Analog Anal Analog Anal AES3 Digit AES3 Digit ALP882e and ALP882 ALP882e-MIC gain e only 5 REQUIRED CONFIGURATION 5.1 Required hardware configuration... - Page 12 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC The windows sleep mode for the PCIe bus must be disabled. Go to Windows Settings, System, and select “Power & sleep”. Select Never” for the option “Put the computer to sleep”.
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Page 13: Necessary Software Configuration Under Windows
ALP cards operate under Windows from 64-bit versions of Windows 10 from version 20H2, and from Windows Server 2019. To use your ALP-X card, you must install the driver included in the installation kit “ALP-X Kit”. Download the latest version from the digigram website from the ALP882e card support page or from the ALP882e-Mic support... -
Page 14: Hardware Installation
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 6 HARDWARE INSTALLATION Given the shortened length of the PCI EXPRESS connector and the resulting lack of mechanical stability, we strongly advise against transporting the cards installed in a computer, unless it has a device for holding the card firmly in place to avoid material damage. -
Page 15: Software Installation Under Windows
Should you use a specific application developed or installed by a Digigram partner, this may mean using a specific driver version. In this case, confirm with your application supplier which driver version to use. -
Page 16: Updating The Driver Version
“Very first installation”). 7.3 Updating the firmware The ALP card on-board firmware may have to be upgraded, and updates can be supplied by Digigram and prove necessary. Updating the firmware can be done from the ALP-X Manager GUI (see chapter Firmware update procedure). -
Page 17: Verifying The Card Installation
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 7.4 Verifying the card installation Once the driver and card have been installed as per the process described hereinabove, you can verify that the card is installed correctly and working properly. -
Page 18: Card Detected By The Digigram Alp-X Manager Application
This application can be launched from the shortcut created on the desktop or from the start menu, Digigram group. The card must appear as below if it and its driver are installed correctly. Note that a maximum of eight ALP cards can be displayed and handled in ALP-X Manager. - Page 19 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC All cards present must be listed in the "ACTIVE CARDS GROUP" selection list. 7.5 Adjusting the internal latency of the card The following describes advanced settings that may impact the proper functioning of data exchanges between the card and the PC.
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Page 20: Replacing A Card
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 7.6 Replacing a card If an ALP card has to be replaced by another one, it is strongly recommended to proceed as follows: Turn off the PC. ● Remove the card to be replaced. - Page 21 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC From the list of installed Apps & features, select ALP- X Kit. Click on Uninstall. This will remove all the ALP-X ... components...
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Page 22: Configuring The Card Under Windows Via The Alp-X Manager Application
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 9 CONFIGURING THE CARD UNDER WINDOWS VIA THE ALP-X MANAGER APPLICATION This application can be launched from the shortcut created on the desktop or from the start menu, Digigram group. When the application is launched, the window below is displayed and shows all the ALP cards installed in the PC. - Page 23 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC If the internal clock is selected (“Internal”), select the sampling Rate value from the “Internal Sampling Rate” selection list. Possible values are: (in kHz)11.025, 16, 22.05, 24, 32, 44.1, 48, 64, 88.2, 96, 128, 176.4, 192, and Application.
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Page 24: Managing Input And Output Levels
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 9.2 Managing input and output levels At the first installation of the card, the default gain settings are as follows: Input analog gains are set to -24 dB (+24 dU -> 0 dBfs). - Page 25 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC The table below gives the correspondence between the sound devices exposed in the operating system and the Play inputs and Rec outputs of the matrix. Software audio device Windows ASIO Software audio device...
- Page 26 (mono or stereo) when the channel strip names have been changed. Analog input gain settings The first screen capture on the left relates to the ALP442e or ALP882e. The screen capture below relates to the ALP442e-MIC or ALP882e-MIC, where a Line/Mic level selection is available.
- Page 27 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Gain=+16dB: -16 dBu->0 dBfs. Gain= 56 dB: -56 dBu->0 dBfs Gain=+ 10 dB: -10 dBu->0 dBfs Gain= 46 dB: -46 dBu-> 0dBfs Gain=+ 0 dB: 0 dBu->0 dBfs Gain= 30 dB: -30 dBu-> 0dBfs Gain=-10 dB: +10 dBu->0 dBfs...
- Page 28 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC yellow. Mute The mute button has an effect on the two channels of a stereo pair. A click on this button sets the two channels in mute mode, and it turns red.
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Page 29: Managing The Routing And Mixing Of Input Signals
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 9.3 Managing the routing and mixing of input signals Click on the icon to access the "Matrix" view which is used to mix/route input signals towards the outputs From the bottom bar of the MATRIX view, select the ALP card to display its matrix. - Page 30 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Each mixing point can be activated or deactivated by clicking on it (Mute / Unmute). All the hidden boxes are deactivated mixing points. The digital gain applied to the channel can be adjusted for each mixing point. To do this, press the Ctrl key, place the mouse cursor over the mixing point without clicking and use the mouse wheel to increase or decrease the digital gain value;...
- Page 31 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC result, playback signals input signals mixed outputs. Note that a gain is applied to each input signal towards the output. Routing the content of physical inputs towards the associated recording outputs, so that an ●...
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Page 32: Display Of Gpios And Control Of Gpos
To save the settings during an existing session, go to the File menu and select "Save". 9.6 Firmware update procedure The ALP card on-board firmware may have to be upgraded, and updates can be supplied by Digigram and prove necessary. - Page 33 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC To perform an update, click on the button on the right of the “Firmware version” field, as shown on the screen capture below. The ALP card is selected from the list of cards detected.
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Page 34: Keyboard Shortcuts
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 9.7 Keyboard shortcuts Keyboard shortcut Action Session Ctrl + S Save Ctrl + Alt + S Save As Ctrl + N Ctrl + O Open Potentiometer/Fader Ctrl + Wheel 1 dB increments on the potentiometer/fader 0.1 dB increments on the fader... -
Page 35: Asio Control Panel For Windows
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 10 ASIO CONTROL PANEL for Windows The ASIO control panel can be started from the Asio application, from the menu allowing for the settings audio device ASIO configuration. Active cards group/Asio... -
Page 36: Software Installation Under Linux
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Sample size This setting defines the format of samples exchanged between the application and the card driver. Enable Direct Monitoring Control Tick this setting to authorise an ASIO application to drive the zero latency hardware monitoring of inputs towards outputs. -
Page 37: Building And Installing The Driver Manually
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Download and install the driver Install the dependencies Download the driver package (Choose the latest .deb or .rpm package) Install the driver package 11.2 Building and installing the driver manually This method works for any Linux system, but it is necessary to apply it every time the kernel is updated, as it doesn’t use any package manager to automatically rebuild the driver. -
Page 38: Configuring Alp882E And Alp882E-Mic Under Linux Via Amixer
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12 CONFIGURING THE CARD UNDER LINUX VIA AMIXER 12.1 Diagram of the audio inputs towards audio outputs chain for ALP882e and ALP882e-MIC The mixer inputs and outputs are numbered 0 to 31. The mixer offers 32 mix buses, with 32 input channels per bus, and a digital gain associated to each channel in a mix. - Page 39 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.2 Diagram of the audio inputs towards audio outputs chain for ALP442e and ALP442e-MIC The mixer inputs and outputs are numbered 0 to 15. The mixer offers 16 mix buses, with 16 input channels per bus, and a digital gain associated to each channel in a mix.
- Page 40 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC By default, the matrix gains are positioned so as to have: DAW0 PLAY -> ANA0 OUT 1 ANA1 IN -> DAW0 Record DAW1 PLAY -> ANA0 OUT 2 ANA2 IN -> DAW1 Record DAW2 PLAY ->...
- Page 41 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC...
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Page 42: Description Of The Controls
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.3 Description of the controls 12.3.1 Clock, SRCs, phantom power (ALP882e-MIC) Description Alsa Detail mixer control Card clock source Clk Src 1089 Word Clk = Wordclock in AES Syn = AES11 Sync in... - Page 43 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Clock priority 3 (lowest Clk P3 priority) ALP882e and ALP882e-Mic only. Description Alsa Read NumI Status mixer control Write Phantom power on analog McPh1 R / W 1110 In 1 Phantom power on analog...
- Page 44 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC +16 dB +16 dB +56dB...
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Page 45: Gains On The Physical Inputs
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.3.2 Gains on the physical inputs Description of control Alsa Index NumId Values Gain in dB Read / mixer Write ALP442e ALP442e-MC control ALP882e ALP882e-MIC Analog gain on analog input 1... - Page 46 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 1021 +12 dB Digital gain on left channel of AES3 input 3 Digital gain on right channel of AES3 input 3 Digital gain on left channel of AES3 input 4 Digital gain on right channel of AES3 input 4...
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Page 47: Gains On The Application Daw Inputs (Play From Software Applications)
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.3.3 Gains on the application DAW inputs (play from software applications) Description Alsa mixer control Read / Index NumId Values Gain in dB Write Digital gain on Play DAW0 input DAW Playback... -
Page 48: Gains On The Physical Outputs
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.3.4 Gains on the physical outputs Description Alsa mixer control Read / Write Index NumId Values Gain in dB Digital gain on analog output 1 Analog Playback R / W Volume -90.1... -
Page 49: Gains On The Daw Outputs (Recording From Software Applications)
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.3.5 Gains on the DAW outputs (recording from software applications) Description Alsa mixer control Read / Write Index NumId Values Gain in dB Digital gain on DAW0 output DAW Capture Volume... - Page 50 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Play DAW INx gain towards analog OUTt 2 Mxr x/1 97 + x Play DAW INx gain towards analog OUTt 3 Mxr x/2 129 + x Play DAW INx gain towards analog OUTt 4...
- Page 51 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Play DAWx gain towards DAW9 record output Mxr x/25 865 + x Play DAWx gain towards DAW10 record Mxr x/26 897 + x output Play DAWx gain towards DAW11 record Mxr x/27...
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Page 52: Gains In The Matrix Applied To The Signal From An Analog Input
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.3.7 Gains in the matrix applied to the signal from an analog input In the following table, replace x by the analog input number, from 16 to 23. Description Alsa mixer control... - Page 53 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Gain on analog IN x towards DAW4 record output Mxr (x+16)/20 721 + x Gain on analog IN x towards DAW5 record output Mxr (x+16)/21 753 + x Gain on analog IN x towards DAW6 record output...
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Page 54: Gains In The Matrix Applied To The Signal From A Digital Input
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.3.8 Gains in the matrix applied to the signal from a digital input In the following table, replace x by the analog input number, from 0 to 7. Description Alsa mixer control... -
Page 55: Rules To Calculate The Gain Values
(*) ALP882e and ALP882e-Mic only. 12.3.9 Rules to calculate the gain values The ALP442e and ALP882e cards are designed so that 0dFs is reached for an analog input signal of 0dBu (0.780V), and an analog gain set to 0 dB. - Page 56 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC +3 dB +10 dB +16 dB ● Digital input gain If G is the digital gain value in dB Value (numid[index])= 901 + 10G, with: G(dB) ∈ [-90.1;12] Example: -24dB => numid (index) = 661...
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Page 57: Example Of Gains For The Calibration Of Input And Output Signal Levels
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 12.3.10 Example of gains for the calibration of input and output signal levels Let’s consider the first analog input and output. Gains to be set for recording ALP442e & ALP882e ALP442e-MIC & ALP882e-MIC... -
Page 58: Specifications
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 13 SPECIFICATIONS 13.1 Configuration Bus/Format PCI EXPRESS x1 / Low profile (compatible x4, x8, x16) Dimensions 168 mm × 69 mm x 20 mm Consumption (+3.3 V/+12 V) 1 A/0.35 A In operation: temperature/humidity 0°C/+50°C •... -
Page 59: Outputs
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 13.3 Outputs ALP442e & ALP442e-Mic ALP882e & ALP882e-Mic Line analog outputs 4 electronically balanced 8 electronically balanced (can be used asymmetrically (can be used asymmetrically without loss of level) without loss of level) Maximum output level / +24 dBu / <100 kΩ... -
Page 60: Sample Rate Converters (Src)
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Equivalent Input Noise -124 dB (A/D-D/A, G=+56 dB) (E.I.N) (ALP882e-MIC) 13.6 Sample rate converters (SRC) Maximum frequency 192 kHz Frequency ratio 1:8 to 7.5:1 13.7 Connectors Internal connectors Inter-card synchronisation External connectors... -
Page 61: Appendices
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14 APPENDICES 14.1 ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC functional diagram Note: 48V phantom power only for ALP442e-MIC... -
Page 62: Alp882E & Alp882E-Mic Functional Diagram
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14.2 ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC functional diagram Note: 48V phantom power only for ALP882e-MIC... -
Page 63: Led
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14.3 LED The ALP card has four green LEDs: 2 LEDs on the PCB (only visible when the PC is open) and two LEDs on the bracket as illustrated in the diagram below. -
Page 64: How To Use The Gpios
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Connector analog I/Os VHDCI 68 pins, female Connector digital I/Os VHDCI 68 pins, female. J3: Connector for inter-card synchronisation 14.5 How to use the GPIOs 14.5.1 GPIs The eight GPIs are dry contacts, as shown on the diagram below. It is not necessary to connect a voltage to the GPIs. -
Page 65: Cables For Alp442E And Alp442E-Mic
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14.6 Cables for ALP442e and ALP442e-MIC 14.6.1 Cable for analog I/Os 14.6.1.1 Diagram 14.6.1.2 Pinout Upper VHDCI 68 pins male J2 to J9 Female XLR: analog inputs J10 to J17 Male XLR: analog outputs... - Page 66 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Pinout of connector J1 ( VHDCI male) Signal Signal Signal ANA IN4 - ANA IN4 + ANA OUT4 + ANA OUT4 - ANA OUT3- ANA OUT3 + ANA IN1 - ANA IN1 +...
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Page 67: Cable For Digital I/Os
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Signal Signal Signal ANA IN3 - ANA IN3 + 14.6.2 Cable for digital I/Os 14.6.2.1 Diagram... -
Page 68: Pinout
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14.6.2.2 Pinout J1 connector (lower VHDCI male) Signal Signal Signal Signal WLCK GPO1- WLCK IN GPI 1 GPO1- GPO2- AES11- GPI 2 SYNC IN- GPO2- AES11- SYNC IN+ GPO3- GPI 3... - Page 69 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC J1 connector (lower VHDCI male) Signal Signal Signal Signal WLCK GPO1- WLCK IN GPI 1 GPO1- GPO4- AES3 IN GPI 4 GPO4- GPO5- AES3 IN GPI 5 GPO5- AES3 IN GPO6-...
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Page 70: Cables For Alp882E And Alp882E-Mic
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Pins that are not mentioned are connected to the ground. J2 & J3 (Female XLR) AES3 inputs 1 & 2 Pin 1: GND J4 to J5 (Male XLR) AES3 outputs 1 & 2... -
Page 71: Pinout
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14.7.1.2 Pinout Upper VHDCI 68 pins male J2 to J9 Female XLR: analog inputs J10 to J17 Male XLR: analog outputs... - Page 72 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC Pinout of connector J1 ( VHDCI male) Signal Signal Signal ANA OUT7 + ANA IN8 - ANA IN4 - ANA IN8 + ANA OUT6 + ANA IN4 + ANA OUT6 -...
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Page 73: Cable For Digital I/Os
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14.7.2 Cable for digital I/Os 14.7.2.1 Diagram... -
Page 74: Pinout
User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC 14.7.2.2 Pinout... - Page 75 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC J1 connector (lower VHDCI male) Signal Signal Signal Signal WLCK GPO1- WLCK IN GPI 1 GPO1- GPO2- AES11- GPI 2 SYNC IN- GPO2- AES11- SYNC IN+ GPO3- GPI 3 AES3 GPO3-...
- Page 76 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC J1 connector (lower VHDCI male) Signal Signal Signal Signal WLCK GPO1- WLCK IN GPI 1 GPO1- AES3 GPO6- AES3 IN 0UT2 - AES3 GPO7- AES3 IN GPI 7 0UT2 + GPO7-...
- Page 77 User Manual for ALP442e & ALP442e-MIC ALP882e & ALP882e-MIC J2 to J5 (Female XLR) AES3 inputs 1 to 4 J6 to J9 (Male XLR) AES3 outputs 1 to 4 Pin 1: GND / Pin 2: + / Pin 3: -...
- Page 78 E-mail: info_asia@digigram.com Copyright 2023 Digigram. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced without the prior consent of Digigram. This reservation includes photocopying, translating and/or reformatting the information contained in this manual. Everything possible has been done to ensure the greatest accuracy, however Diagram cannot be held liable for any typing error, error or omission and reserves the right to make modifications and improvements without prior notice.