Page 3: Table Of Contents
Contents Contents Inserting (Removing) an  Introduction ..........1 Confirming Package Contents ....4 SD Memory Card ......43 Safety Notes..........6 Connecting the Voltage Cords ..45 Usage Notes..........7 Connecting the Current Sensors ..46 Turning the Power On and Off  (Setting the Default Language) ..48 Chapter 1 Overview Procedure for Investigating Power...
Page 4 Contents Changing Hardware Settings ..81 Changing LAN Settings ....84 Chapter 8 Checking Events Changing Event Settings ....85 (EVENT screen) 139 Initializing the Instrument  Using the EVENT screen ....140 (System Reset) .........92 Displaying the Event List ....141 Factory Settings .......93 Analyzing the Measurement Line ...
Page 5 Contents Chapter 11 Connecting  Chapter 14 Maintenance External Devices 173 and Service 11.1 Using the External Control  14.1 Cleaning ..........249 Terminal .......... 173 14.2 Trouble Shooting ......250  Connecting to the External Control T 14.3 Error Indication .......253 erminal ..........
Page 6 Contents...
Page 7: Introduction
Introduction Introduction Thank you for purchasing the Hioki PQ3198 Power Quality Analyzer. To obtain maximum perfor- mance from the instrument over the long term, be sure to read this manual carefully and keep it handy for future reference. Be sure to also read the separate document “Operating Precautions” before use.
Page 8 Introduction Notation Safety notations In this document, the risk seriousness and the hazard levels are classified as follows. Indicates an imminently hazardous situation that will result in death or serious injury to the oper- ator. IIndicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in death or serious injury to the opera- tor.
Page 9 Introduction Others (p. ) Indicates the location of reference information. Indicates quick references for operation and remedies for troubleshooting. Additional information is presented below. Screen labels such as menu items, setting items, dialog titles and buttons are indicated by square brackets [ ]. CURSOR Bold characters within the text indicate operating key labels.
Page 10: Confirming Package Contents
When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during shipping. In particular, check the accessories, panel switches, and connectors. If damage is evi- dent, or if it fails to operate according to the specifications, contact your authorized Hioki distrib- utor or reseller.
Page 11: L1000 Voltage Cord
Confirming Package Contents Options Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller for details. Voltage measurement Power supply  9243 Grabber Clip  Z1002 AC Adapter  9804-01 Magnetic Adapter  Z1003 Battery Pack  9804-02 Magnetic Adapter Carrying cases  L1000 Voltage Cord ...
Page 12: Safety Notes
Safety Notes Safety Notes This instrument is designed to conform to IEC 61010 Safety Standards and has been thoroughly tested for safety prior to shipment. However, using the instrument in a way not described in this manual may negate the provided safety features. Before using the instrument, be certain to carefully read the following safety notes: Mishandling the instrument could result in bodily injury or even death, as well as damage to the instrument.
Page 13: Usage Notes
• Before using the instrument, check it and verify that it operates properly to make sure that it suffered no damage during storage or transportation. If you find any damage or failure, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. Instrument Installation Installing the instrument in inappropriate locations may cause a malfunction of instrument or may give rise to an accident.
Page 14 • If the instrument exhibits abnormal operation or display during use, review the infor- mation in "14.2 Trouble Shooting" (p.250) and "14.3 Error Indication" (p.253) before contacting your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. • To avoid damage to the instrument, protect it from physical shock when transporting and handling.
Page 15 • Keep the clamp closed when not in use, to avoid accumulating dust or dirt on the fac- ing core surfaces, which could interfere with clamp performance. Important Use only the Hioki specified voltage cords and input cables. Using a non-specified cable may result in incorrect measurements due to poor connection or other reasons.
Page 16 Usage Notes Before Connecting Measurement Cables • To avoid electric shock, turn off the power to all devices before plugging or unplugging any cables or peripherals. • Be sure to connect the voltage input and current input terminals correctly. An incorrect connection could damage or short circuit this instrument.
Page 17 About the battery pack • For battery operation, use only the Hioki Model Z1003 Battery Pack. We do not take any responsibility for accidents or damage related to the use of any other batteries.
Page 18 Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller as soon as possible. Continuing to use the instrument may result in fire or electric shock.
Page 19 • Keep discs inside a protective case and do not expose to direct sunlight, high temperature, or high humidity. • Hioki is not liable for any issues your computer system experiences in the course of using this disc. Using the Magnetic Adapter and Magnetic Strap Persons wearing electronic medical devices such as a pacemaker should not use magnetic adapter and magnetic strap.
Page 20 Usage Notes...
Page 21: Chapter 1 Overview
1.1 Procedure for Investigating Power Supply Quality Chapter 1 Overview 1.1 Procedure for Investigating Power Supply Quality By measuring power supply quality parameters, you can assess the power supply's quality and identify the causes of various power supply malfunctions. The PQ3198's ability to measure all power supply quality parameters simultaneously makes this process a quick and simple one.
Page 22 1.1 Procedure for Investigating Power Supply Quality Step 2: Identifying the malfunctioning component (measurement location) Check the following: Where is the issue occurring? • Principal electrical system (Large copier, uninterruptible power supply, elevator, air compressor, air conditioning compressor, battery charger, cooling system, air handler, time-controlled lighting, variable-speed drive, etc.) •...
Page 23 1.1 Procedure for Investigating Power Supply Quality Step 3: Checking investigation (measurement) locations (collecting site data) Collect information (site data) from as many locations as possible to prepare for the investigation. Check the following: 1. Connection (1P2W/1P3W/3P3W2M/3P3W3M/3P4W/3P4W2.5E) 2. Nominal input voltage (100 V to 600 V) 3.
Page 24 1.1 Procedure for Investigating Power Supply Quality Advice for identifying the cause of abnormalities  Record voltage and current trends at the power circuit inlet. If current consumption in a building is high while the voltage is low, the cause likely lies inside the build- ing.
Page 25: Product Overview
1.2 Product Overview 1.2 Product Overview The PQ3198 Power Quality Analyzer is an analytical instrument for monitoring and recording power supply anomalies, allowing their causes to be quickly investigated. The instrument can also be used to assess power supply problems (voltage drops, flicker, harmonics, etc.). ...
Page 26: Features
1.3 Features 1.3 Features High precision Reliable Safety Voltage measurement Quick setup functionality CAT IV 600 V compliant.  accuracy of ±0.1%rdg. ensures you won't miss Capable of measuring lead-in the occurrence of any wires on their primary side. Complies with the new IEC61000- abnormal phenomena.
Page 27: Measurement Flowchart
1.4 Measurement Flowchart 1.4 Measurement Flowchart Be sure to read "Usage Notes" (p.7) before measuring. Measurement is performed using the following process: See: *: Indicate settings configured on the instrument's screen. Perform the pre-measurement inspection. 3.3 (p.42) Connect the AC adapter, voltage cords, and current sensors. 3.4 (p.43) to 3.7 (p.46) Turn on the instrument.
Page 28: Start And Stop Recording
1.4 Measurement Flowchart Start and Stop Recording You can start and stop recording either manually or using real-time control. In either case, repeat record- ing can be used. Manual Real-time control Start Press Press to start recording at the set time and date. Stops automatically at the specified stop time.
Page 29: Chapter 2 Names And Functions Of Parts
2.1 Names and Functions of Parts Names and Functions of Parts  Basic Operations  Chapter 2 & Screens 2.1 Names and Functions of Parts Front Operation keys Display See:(p.24) 6.5" TFT color LCD display See: "Display Items and Screen Types" (p.28) POWER LED F key (Function key) START/STOP LED...
Page 30 2.1 Names and Functions of Parts Operation keys Menu keys (Screen selection) Press a key to select a screen. Displays the [SYSTEM] screen (which provides a list of system settings, event settings, recording condition settings, and memory [file] options [settings data, screen copy, measurement data]).
Page 31 2.1 Names and Functions of Parts Upper side Voltage input jacks Connect the included Model L1000 Voltage Cord. See: (p.46) Current input jacks Connect the optional current sensors. See: (p.46) Right side External control terminal : External input can be used as an event trigger or as a recording start/stop signal.
Page 32 2.1 Names and Functions of Parts Left side Air vents AC adapter hook Do not block these vents. Loop the AC adapter cord through this hook. See: (p.7) See: (p.43) CHARGE LED Lights up while the Model Strap eyelet Z1003 Battery Pack is charging. See: (p.40) See:...
Page 33: Basic Operations
2.2 Basic Operations 2.2 Basic Operations To select a display screen Select the screen to display. Press , or to display the correspond- SYSTEM VIEW TIME PLOT EVENT ing screen. Press one of the keys to select and change dis- See: "2.3 Display Items and Screen Types"...
Page 34: Display Items And Screen Types
2.3 Display Items and Screen Types 2.3 Display Items and Screen Types Common Display Items These items are displayed on every screen. Screen Types 2, 3 The tab for the currently displayed screen is shown brighter than the rest. Current CH1 to CH4 connec- Nominal input voltage and tion state, voltage range, cur- measurement...
Page 35 2.3 Display Items and Screen Types Interface status display Power supply status display Lights up when the instrument is being Lights up during normal operation. powered by the AC adapter. (White) Lights up when the instrument is both The POWER LED will turn green. connected to an HTTP server and Lights up when the instrument is being downloading data.
Page 36: Warning Indicators
2.3 Display Items and Screen Types Warning Indicators The instrument may display the following warnings: Solution and page number for Display Cause more information Normal screen display Switch to an appropriate current sensor. (Current range indicator turns red.) See: "Options" (p.5) Range or crest factor Change the settings to an appro- exceeded (current).
Page 37: Screen Types
2.3 Display Items and Screen Types Screen Types Configure settings [SYSTEM] screen is used to configure various instrument settings. (SYSTEM screen) Press the SYSTEM key to display the [SYSTEM] screen. The screen can be changed with the keys. Zero Adjust SYSTEM See: 4.1 (p.51)
Page 38 2.3 Display Items and Screen Types Event1 See: 5.6 (p.85) Voltage1 Configures the frequency, swell, dip, interruption, transient threshold, and hysteresis settings. Voltage2 Configures the RMS voltage, waveform peak, DC fluctuation, harmonic distortion factor, high-order harmonic component, and unbalance factor threshold settings. Wave Configures the threshold settings for generating events with the voltage waveform.
Page 39 2.3 Display Items and Screen Types Monitor  [VIEW] screen is used to view voltage and current instantaneous waveforms, phase relationships, values, and instantaneous values harmonics. (VIEW screen) Press the VIEW key to display the [VIEW] screen. The screen can be changed with the keys.
Page 40 2.3 Display Items and Screen Types See: 6.5 (p.109) Power CH123 Displays instantaneous values for the volt- age RMS value, current RMS value, active power, apparent power, reactive power, power factor, integrated power, and K fac- tor for CH1 to CH3. Displays instantaneous values for the CH4 voltage RMS value, current RMS val- ue, active power, apparent power, reac-...
Page 41 2.3 Display Items and Screen Types [TIME PLOT] screen is used to view RMS, voltage, Monitor changes in and harmonic fluctuations as time series graphs. Flicker measured values values can also be shown as a graph or list. (TIME PLOT screen) Press the TIMEPLOT key to display the...
Page 42 2.3 Display Items and Screen Types Flicker See: 7.5 (p.131) Graph Displays 10V (instantaneous values) or Pst and Plt values as a time series. You can select either 10V flicker or IEC flicker to be displayed. List Displays 10V (instantaneous values) or Pst and Plt values as a list.
Page 43: Chapter 3 Measurement  Preparations
3.1 Preparation Flowchart Measurement Preparations Chapter 3 3.1 Preparation Flowchart Follow the procedure described below to prepare for measurement. "After-purchase" items need only be performed once. Perform the pre-measurement After-purchase item (4)(voluntary) inspection. (p.42) Install the battery pack. (p.41) After-purchase item (1) (voluntary) Back side Affix color clips to the current sensors.
Page 44: Initial Instrument Preparations
3.2 Initial Instrument Preparations 3.2 Initial Instrument Preparations Perform the following before starting measurement the first time. Affix color clips to the current sensors At both the ends of the current sensor cable, connect the clip of the same color as the channel which is to be connected to the current sensor, to avoid wiring mistakes.
Page 45: Bundle The Voltage Cord Leads With The Spiral Tubes
3.2 Initial Instrument Preparations Bundle the voltage cord leads with the spiral tubes The instrument ships with 20 spiral wrappers. Use the wrappers to bundle pairs of cords (colored and black) together as needed. Preparation items (Two sets of the following) L1000 Voltage Cord Alligator Clips (eight, one each red, yellow, blue, gray, and four black) Banana...
Page 46: Attaching The Strap
3.2 Initial Instrument Preparations Attaching the strap Use the strap when carrying the instrument or suspending it from a hook during use. Attach both ends of the strap securely to the instrument. If insecurely attached, the instrument may fall and be damaged when carrying. Tighten securely to keep straps from loosening or twisting.
Page 47: Installing The Battery Pack
3.2 Initial Instrument Preparations ｃ Installing the battery pack Be sure to read the "About the battery pack" (p.11) before connecting power. The battery pack is used to power the instrument during power outages and as a backup power supply. When fully charged, it can provide backup power for approximately 180 minutes in the event of a power outage.
Page 48: Pre-Operation Inspection
3.3 Pre-Operation Inspection 3.3 Pre-Operation Inspection Before using the instrument the first time, verify that it operates normally to ensure that the no damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you find any damage, contact your dealer or Hioki representative. Metal exposed Inspect the voltage cords Is the insulation of the voltage cord to be ...
Page 49: Connecting The Ac Adapter
AC adapter. 3.5 Inserting (Removing) an SD Memory Card Important • Use only HIOKI-approved SD memory cards (model Z4001, etc). Proper operation is not guar- anteed if other cards are used. • Format new SD memory cards before use.
Page 50 3.5 Inserting (Removing) an SD Memory Card • The operating lifetime of the SD memory card is limited by its flash memory. After long-term or frequent usage, data reading and writing capabilities will be degraded. In that case, replace the card with a new one. •...
Page 51: Connecting The Voltage Cords
3.6 Connecting the Voltage Cords 3.6 Connecting the Voltage Cords Be sure to read the "Usage Notes" (p.7) before connecting voltage cords. To prevent an electric shock accident, confirm that the white or red portion (insu- lation layer) inside the cable is not exposed. If a color inside the cable is exposed, do not use the cable.
Page 52: Connecting The Current Sensors
3.7 Connecting the Current Sensors 3.7 Connecting the Current Sensors Be sure to read the "Usage Notes" (p.7) before connecting current sensors. Plug the current sensor cables into the current input jacks on the instrument (the number of connections depends on the lines to be measured and selected wiring mode). See the instruction manual supplied with the current sensor for specification details and usage procedures.
Page 53 3.7 Connecting the Current Sensors Connection Procedure: Current sensors other than the optional Example: Model 9661 Clamp on Sensor Use the L9910 Conversion Cable 9661 to connect current sensors that are not listed as options for the instrument. L9910 Turn the connector Align the protrusions of the clockwise to lock it connector with the groove,...
Page 54: Turning The Power On And Off (Setting The Default Language)
2. Disconnect the power cord, voltage cords, and current sensors from the instrument. 3. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. For best precision, allow at least 30 minutes warm-up before executing zero adjustment and measuring. Turning the power off...
Page 55 3.8 Turning the Power On and Off (Setting the Default Language) Setting the Default Language The language setting screen will be displayed when the instrument is turned on for the first time after pur- chase. Set the desired display language. Move Accept setting Japanese...
Page 56 3.8 Turning the Power On and Off (Setting the Default Language)
Page 57: Chapter 4 Configuring The
4.1 Warm-up and Zero-adjust Operation Configuring the Instrument before Measurement  (SYSTEM - SYSTEM screen) Chapter 4 and Wiring 4.1 Warm-up and Zero-adjust Operation Warm-up It is necessary to allow the PQ3198 to warm up to ensure its ability to make precise measurements. Allow the instrument to warm up for at least 30 minutes after turning it on.
Page 58: Setting The Clock
4.2 Setting the Clock 4.2 Setting the Clock This section describes how to set the PQ3198's clock.  It is recommended to check the clock before starting recording. [SYSTEM] screen [Main] [Hardware] Move Select value to  change Set value Accept setting Cancel...
Page 59: Configuring The Connection Mode  And Current Sensors
4.3 Configuring the Connection Mode and Current Sensors 4.3 Configuring the Connection Mode and  Current Sensors This section describes how to configure the connection mode and current sensors appropriately for the measurement line being analyzed. Eight wiring modes are available. To select the wiring mode [SYSTEM] screen...
Page 60 4.3 Configuring the Connection Mode and Current Sensors Configuring the current sensors [SYSTEM] screen [Wiring] Move Display the  pull-down menu Select [Current sensor] [CH123], [CH4] Display the  pull-down menu Select the  current sensor Accept setting Cancel key will automatically configure the current sensor.  *: Pressing the F4 [Sensor] However, current sensors that have been connected using the L9910 Conversion Cable will not be...
Page 61: Connection Diagram
4.3 Configuring the Connection Mode and Current Sensors  Connection diagram (1) Single-circuit measurement 1P2W The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal state. 1P3W The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal (balanced) state. The L1021-01, L1021-02 Patch Cord can be used to consolidate two cords being connected to the same phase into a single cord.
Page 62 4.3 Configuring the Connection Mode and Current Sensors 3P3W2M The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal (balanced) state. The L1021-01, L1021-02 Patch Cord can be used to consolidate two cords being connected to the same phase into a single cord. 3P3W3M The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal (balanced) state.
Page 63 4.3 Configuring the Connection Mode and Current Sensors 3P4W (CH4:ACDC) The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal (balanced) state. The L1021-01, L1021-02 Patch Cord can be used to consolidate two cords being connected to the same phase into a single cord. 3P4W2.5E (CH4:ACDC) The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal (balanced) state.
Page 64 4.3 Configuring the Connection Mode and Current Sensors (2) Measuring multiple systems Used for a separate system Two circuits (3) Measuring a system and a DC power supply ±24 V, ±15 V, ±5V, etc. Used for a separate system power supply...
Page 65: Setting The Vector Area (Tolerance Level)
4.4 Setting the Vector Area (Tolerance Level) 4.4 Setting the Vector Area (Tolerance Level) This section describes how to determine rough guidelines for verifying that the connection, range, and nominal input voltage (Udin) are correct. Changing settings causes corresponding changes in the area and position of the fan-shaped areas on the vector diagram.
Page 66: Connecting To The Lines To Be Measured (Preparing For Current Measurement)
4.5 Connecting to the Lines to be Measured (Preparing for Current Measurement) 4.5 Connecting to the Lines to be Measured (Preparing for Current Measurement) Be sure to read the "Before Connecting to the Lines to be Measured" (p.12) before attaching to the lines. Connect the voltage cords and current sensors to the measurement line as shown in the connec- tion diagram on the screen.
Page 67 4.5 Connecting to the Lines to be Measured (Preparing for Current Measurement) Attach voltage cords to measurement lines Example: Secondary side of breaker Securely clip the leads to metal parts such as terminal screw ter- minals or bus bars. Model L1000 Voltage Cord Example: When using Model 9804-01 or 9804-02 Magnetic Adapter (standard screw: M6 pan head screw) Model 9804-01, 9804-02 Magnetic Adapter...
Page 68 4.5 Connecting to the Lines to be Measured (Preparing for Current Measurement) Applying current sensors to lines to be measured Example: CT7136 Always clamp the instrument around only one conductor. Clamping the instrument around two or more of conductors in a bundle prevents the instrument from measuring any current regardless of whether the measurement target is a single-phase or three-phase circuit.
Page 69 4.5 Connecting to the Lines to be Measured (Preparing for Current Measurement)  Leakage current measurement Grounding wire Clamp 1 wire only. (Diagram A) measurement Clamp the electrical circuits together. (Diagram B) Batch  Clamp 2 wires together in the single phase 2-wire system circuit, and 4 wires in the 3-phase measurement 4-wire system circuit.
Page 70: Verifying Correct Wiring (Connection Check)
4.6 Verifying Correct Wiring (Connection Check) 4.6 Verifying Correct Wiring (Connection Check) Correct attachment to the lines is necessary for accurate measurements.  Check the measured values and vectors on the [SYSTEM]-[Wiring] screen to verify that the con- nections have been made properly. Refer to the measured values and vector displays to verify that the measurement cables are correctly attached.
Page 71 4.6 Verifying Correct Wiring (Connection Check) In this case Check Voltage vectors: • Check that the voltage measurement clips are attached to the lines If vector direction (phase) or col- according to the wiring diagram. or is incorrect. Current vectors: •...
Page 72: Quick Setup
What settings are affected by quick setup? For accurate measurements, settings such as range must be properly configured. When you use quick setup, the following settings are automatically configured using HIOKI-rec- ommended values according to the selected connection settings: current range, nominal input voltage, measurement frequency, event thresholds, etc.
Page 73 4.7 Quick setup Type of measurement lines Set before proceeding to the next step. Setting Contents: CH1,2,3: 1P2W/1P3W/3P3W2M/3P3W3M/3P4W/3P4W2.5E CH4: ACDC/DC/OFF Current sensor used Set before proceeding to the next step. Current sensor Current range Optional Other than the optional CT7044 CT9667-01* AC flexible current sensor CT7045...
Page 74 4.7 Quick setup Key operation during configuration (continued) Check the [Declared input voltage] [Frequency]. Select if you need to change the settings. These values will be set automatically. Change the values if they are incorrect. Display the  pull-down menu Select setting ...
Page 75: Verifying Settings And Starting Recording
4.8 Verifying Settings and Starting Recording 4.8 Verifying Settings and Starting Recording Once you have determined that the settings are appropriate, start recording by pressing the START/ STOP key. Verify that the event icon ( ) is not orange (indicating that the event is occurring fre- [VIEW] quently) and that measured values and waveforms on the screen are normal.
Page 76: Using The Instrument During A Power Outage
4.9 Using the Instrument during a Power Outage 4.9 Using the Instrument during a Power Outage If the supply of power to the instrument is interrupted (for example, during a power outage), it will operate using battery power (a fully charged battery provides enough power to operate for about 180 minutes). However, the instrument will turn off about 180 minutes after the outage occurs.
Page 77: Chapter 5 Changing Settings (As Necessary)
5.1 Changing Measurement Conditions Changing Settings Chapter 5 (as necessary) 5.1 Changing Measurement Conditions Measure 1 Key operation during configuration [SYSTEM] screen [Main] [Measure 1] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel Wiring Selects the measurement line.
Page 78 5.1 Changing Measurement Conditions VT ratio Sets the external VT (PT) being used. Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  /60/100/200/300/600/700/1000/2000/2500/5000/ VARIABLE (0.01 to 9999.99) Current sensor, Current range Selects the type of current sensor being used and current range. You can also set an output rate and use a sensor that has not been regis- tered.
Page 79 5.1 Changing Measurement Conditions Measure 2 Key operation during configuration [SYSTEM] screen [Main] [Measure 2] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel Urms Type Selects the voltage calculation method to use during 3-phase measurement. Setting Contents:( ...
Page 80 5.1 Changing Measurement Conditions Flicker Selects the flicker measurement type. V10 when the language  Setting Contents:(Default setting: is set to Japanese; otherwise, Pst, Plt) Pst, Plt /V10 Filter Sets the lamp system when Pst, Plt are selected for flicker measurement. V10 This setting is not available when is selected for the flicker setting.
Page 81: Changing The Recording Settings
5.2 Changing the Recording Settings 5.2 Changing the Recording Settings Key operation during configuration [SYSTEM] screen [Record] [Interval] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel Estimated data Depending on the settings, Displays an estimate of the amount of data that will be saved.
Page 82 5.2 Changing the Recording Settings Recording Items Sets the type of measurement data. See:"Key operation during configuration" (p.75) Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  All data Records all the calculation values. Power and Harmonic Records all calculation values except inter-harmonics. Power Records all calculation values except harmonics and inter-harmonics.
Page 83 5.2 Changing the Recording Settings TIME PLOT Interval Sets the TIME PLOT interval (recording interval). See:"Key operation during configuration" (p.75) Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  / 5 /10/ 15/ 30 minute(s) ,  1/ 3/ 15/ 30 second(s), 1 1/2 hour(s), 150/180/1200 cycle The time series graph recording time varies with the recorded parameters and TIME PLOT interval setting.
Page 84: Changing The Measurement Period
5.3 Changing the Measurement Period 5.3 Changing the Measurement Period Key operation during configuration [SYSTEM] screen [Record] [Time] Select a setting Display a  pull-down menu  to select a setting Select a value  to change Select the setting/ change the value Accept setting Cancel...
Page 85 5.3 Changing the Measurement Period Repeat Record Repeated recording operations can be conducted up to 55 days at one-day measuring intervals, and up to 366 weeks at one-week measuring intervals. The measured data file of repeated recording is saved as a separate binary file for each one-day or one-week period on the SD memory card.
Page 86 5.3 Changing the Measurement Period Relationship between the repeat setting and the maximum repeat count  When the repeat setting is [OFF] Recording stops when the START/STOP key is pressed, or at Recording starts when the START/STOP key is the stop time and date set for real-time control. pressed.
Page 87: Changing Hardware Settings
5.4 Changing Hardware Settings 5.4 Changing Hardware Settings Key operation during configuration [SYSTEM] screen [Main] [Hardware] Select a setting Display a  pull-down menu  to select a setting/ Select a value  to change Select the setting/ change the value Accept setting Cancel Language...
Page 88 5.4 Changing Hardware Settings Display Color Select the grid (graticule) type for the waveform screen. Sets the screen color. Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  Blue-gray Color 1 Color 2 Blue Color 3 Black Color 4 Gray Color 5 White (Convenient when printing screenshots ) Beep sound Sets whether to beep when a key is pressed.
Page 89 5.4 Changing Hardware Settings External control (IN) Selects whether to use external control (IN) as an event trigger or START/STOP signal. Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  Event Use as an event trigger. START/STOP Use to start and stop recording. RS-232C connection Set when connecting the PQ3198 to Model PW9005 GPS Box with an RS-232C cable.
Page 90: Changing Lan Settings
5.5 Changing LAN Settings 5.5 Changing LAN Settings Key operation during configuration [SYSTEM] screen [Main] [LAN] Select a setting Display a  pull-down menu  to select a setting/ Select a value  to change Select the setting/ change the value Accept setting Cancel *: Select a setting other than...
Page 91: Changing Event Settings
5.6 Changing Event Settings 5.6 Changing Event Settings What is an event? See: "Appendix 2 Explanation of Power Supply Quality Parameters and Events" List of event settings Additional  Order Channel Event parameter Threshold (Note 9) Note selection functionality selection (1,2,3) (4)...
Page 92 5.6 Changing Event Settings List of event settings Additional  Order Channel Event parameter Threshold (Note 9) Note selection functionality selection Harmonic voltage-cur- Orders (1,2,3)(sum) 0° to 180° 2,4,5,6 rent phase difference 1 to 50 (OFF) Specify as absolute value. Total harmonic voltage (1,2,3) (4)...
Page 93 5.6 Changing Event Settings [SYSTEM] screen [Event1] [Voltage1] [Event1] [Voltage2] [Event1] [Wave] [Event2] [Current] [Event2] [Harmonics] [Event2] [Power/etc] To turn voltage/current/power events on or off, or to adjust associated  thresholds (p.88). To turn harmonic events on or off, or to adjust associated thresholds (p.89). To generate an event using an external input signal (p.90).
Page 94 5.6 Changing Event Settings Turning events on and off and adjusting thresholds (applies to voltage, current, and power) Select a setting [ON] [OFF] Select the setting to change it Set the threshold See: "Reference graph for use when setting thresholds" (p.89) Accept setting Cancel Setting Contents:( ...
Page 95 5.6 Changing Event Settings Reference graph for use when setting thresholds You can adjust thresholds while viewing the present measured value and measurement waveform state. For events other than voltage waveform Voltage waveform comparison comparison [U_Wave] screen can be displayed with the key.
Page 96 5.6 Changing Event Settings Generating events using an external input signal (external event settings) [Power/etc] Events can be configured by pressing the key to display the screen. External events are detected using external control terminal (EVENT IN) shorts or pulse signal falling edge input. The voltage and current waveforms and measured values when the external event occurs can be recorded.
Page 97 5.6 Changing Event Settings Generating events periodically (timer event settings) [Power/etc] Events can be configured by pressing the key to display the screen. Events are gener- ated at the set interval and recorded as external events. [Timer Event] Select the setting to change it Set the interval at ...
Page 98: Initializing The Instrument (System Reset)
5.7 Initializing the Instrument (System Reset) 5.7 Initializing the Instrument (System Reset) If the instrument seems to be malfunctioning, consult "Before having the instrument repaired" (p.252). If the cause of the problem remains unclear, try a system reset. Key operation during configuration [SYSTEM] screen [Main]...
Page 99: Factory Settings
5.8 Factory Settings 5.8 Factory Settings All settings’ default values are as follows: Measurement settings Setting Default value Setting Default value CH123: 3P4W CH123: CT7136 Wiring Current sensor CH4: AC+DC CH4: CT7136 CH123: 500 A Phase Name I Range CH4: 500 A CH123: 1 CH123: 1 VT ratio...
Page 100 5.8 Factory Settings...
Page 101: Chapter 6 Monitoring
6.1 Using the VIEW screen Monitoring Instantaneous Values  Chapter 6 (VIEW Screen) 6.1 Using the VIEW screen The VIEW screen is composed of a number of screens corresponding to the (DF: dis- play function) keys. When you press a DF key, the screen corresponding to that key appears. Each time you press the same DF key, the display changes.
Page 102: Displaying Instantaneous Waveforms
6.2 Displaying Instantaneous Waveforms 6.2 Displaying Instantaneous Waveforms This section describes how to display the voltage and current instantaneous waveforms. Example: Waveform showing four 3P4W  (3-phase, 4-wire) channels [VIEW] screen Superimposes and displays 4 channels of the voltage wave- form.
Page 103 6.2 Displaying Instantaneous Waveforms Reduce or enlarge the waveform (changing the X- and Y-axis scale) [Select] Select a set- ting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel Y-axis scale (U: Voltage, I: Current) To reduce the graph, decrease the scale. To enlarge the graph, increase the scale.
Page 104 6.2 Displaying Instantaneous Waveforms Viewing the value and time over the cursor (cursor measurement) The cursor on the scroll bar shows Cursor position Scroll bar where the cursor is located relative to all measurement data. Cursor values when cursor measurement is not be- Display scope ing performed are shown as RMS val- ues.
Page 105 6.2 Displaying Instantaneous Waveforms Scrolling through the waveform You can review all measurement data by scrolling horizontally. [Scroll] Scroll the  waveform Display scope Scroll bar Scroll bar The display scope on the scroll bar (shown in white) illustrates which range of all waveform data Display scope is being shown on the screen.
Page 106: Displaying Phase Relationships ([Vector] Screen)
6.3 Displaying Phase Relationships ([VECTOR] Screen) 6.3 Displaying Phase Relationships ([VECTOR] Screen) Example: 3P4W (3-phase, 4-wire) [VIEW] screen [Harmonics] [Vector] Select with the key. To change the axis display (p.101) To change the RMS value/phase angle value  display (p.101) To change the phase angle display method (p.101) RMS/phase angle/content percentage display (p.101) To change the harmonic number of orders (p.102)
Page 107 6.3 Displaying Phase Relationships ([VECTOR] Screen) Axis display You can select whether to use a linear display (LINEAR) or logarithmic display (LOG) for the vector axis. If you select the logarithmic display method, the vector is easy to see even at low levels. Setting Contents:( ...
Page 108 6.3 Displaying Phase Relationships ([VECTOR] Screen) Changing the harmonic number of orders You can select what value to display. When you change the number of orders, the values change along with the vector. In this case, the voltage and current unbalance factors remain the same as the values calculated using the fundamental wave (1st order).
Page 109: Displaying Harmonics
6.4 Displaying Harmonics 6.4 Displaying Harmonics Displaying harmonics as a bar graph Example: 3P4W (3-phase, 4-wire) [VIEW] screen Data for the channel selected here is displayed. Harmonic voltage High-order harmonic Harmonic current [Harmonics] High-order [Graph] harmonic current Harmonic power Select with the key.
Page 110 6.4 Displaying Harmonics Changing the display channel, axis display, RMS/phase angle dis- play, and inter-harmonics Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel Displayed channel Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  / CH2/ CH3/ CH4/ When the 400 Hz measurement frequency is selected, harmonic analysis is performed up to the 10th order, and inter-harmonic analysis is not available.
Page 111 6.4 Displaying Harmonics Inter-harmonics Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  iharmOFF iharmON The setting can also be changed without using the pull-down menu by pressing the up and down cursor keys. When the inter-harmonics display is enabled (iharmON), the screen changes as shown to the right.
Page 112: Displaying Harmonics As A List
6.4 Displaying Harmonics Displaying harmonics as a list The 1st to 50th harmonic orders and 0.5 to 49.5 inter-harmonic orders are displayed in a list for the selected item. Example: 3P3W3M Wiring [VIEW] screen [Harmonics] [List] To change the displayed channels (p.104) To change the displayed items (p.104) To change the RMS value/phase angle display (p.104)
Page 113 6.4 Displaying Harmonics Displayed channel Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  / CH2/ CH3/ CH4/ Displayed item Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  Voltage Current Active power RMS/phase angle/content percentage display Select the harmonics list display (RMS value display, phase angle display, or content percentage). The harmonic power phase angle indicates the harmonic voltage-current phase difference.
Page 114 6.4 Displaying Harmonics Holding the display [Hold] (Measured values and waveforms will be held.)
Page 115: Displaying Measured Values Numerically (Dmm Screen)
6.5 Displaying Measured Values Numerically (DMM Screen) 6.5 Displaying Measured Values Numerically (DMM Screen) Example: 4-channel DMM display for 3P3W3M connec- tion + channel 4 [VIEW] screen RMS voltage RMS current [DMM] Active Apparent power [Power] Power Reactive Power [CH123] Power factor ...
Page 116 6.5 Displaying Measured Values Numerically (DMM Screen) Holding the display [Hold] (Measured values will be held.)
Page 117: Chapter 7 Monitoring
Monitoring Fluctuations in Measured Values  (TIME PLOT  Chapter 7 Screen) [TIME PLOT] screen allows you to view measured value fluctuations as a time series graph. Trend and harmonic trend time series graphs: RMS voltage, RMS current, and other measured val- ues calculated every 200 ms are displayed as a time series graph.
Page 118 Display of trend data, detailed trend data, and harmonic trend data on the instrument is subject to certain constraints. Updating of the displayed time series graph will stop when the times listed in the following table are exceeded. Data will continue to be recorded to the SD memory card (see recording times (p.77)) even if updating of the displayed time series graph stops.
Page 119: Using The [Time Plot] Screen
7.1 Using the [TIME PLOT] Screen 7.1 Using the [TIME PLOT] Screen The TIME PLOT screen is composed of a number of screens that correspond to the (DF: display function) keys. When you press a DF key, the screen corresponding to that key appears.When there are multiple screens, the screen display will change every time the same DF key is pressed.
Page 120: Displaying Trends
7.2 Displaying Trends 7.2 Displaying Trends This section describes how to generate a time series display of values calculated internally every 200 ms each TIME PLOT interval. When using one or two screens, the maximum, minimum, and average values during the TIME PLOT interval are shown. Example: 3P4W (3-phase, 4-wire) [TIME PLOT] Final time in displayed...
Page 121 7.2 Displaying Trends Changing the displayed items, channels, waveforms, or measured value ([1-Screen] [2-Screen] screen) [Select] Select Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accep setting Cancel Flag Indicates that a dip, swell, or interruption oc- curred during the displayed TIME PLOT inter- val based on IEC61000-4-30 flag conversion.
Page 122 7.2 Displaying Trends The channels available for selection vary with the connection mode setting. Notation meaning Symbol Measurement Items Symbol Measurement Items Symbol Measurement Items Voltage zero-phase  unbalance factor  Uunb0  Frequency 200ms Irms RMS current current Freq Uunb Negative-phase ...
Page 123 7.2 Displaying Trends Changing the displayed items ([ENERGY] screen) [Select] Select Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accep setting Cancel Displayed items Setting Contents:(  : Default setting) Active integration amount for WP+ consumption,  WP- regeneration Reactive power WQLAG lag, WQLEAD lead...
Page 124 7.2 Displaying Trends Enlarging or reducing the graph (changing the X- and Y-axis scale) [Select] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accep setting Cancel Y-axis scale (Ydiv) To reduce the graph, decrease the scale. To enlarge the graph, increase the scale. Setting Contents:( ...
Page 125 7.2 Displaying Trends Viewing the value and time over the cursor (Cursor measurements) You can read the value above the cursor and the time on the time series graph [Cursor] Move the vertical cursor left Cursor right to read the time display value.
Page 126 7.2 Displaying Trends Searching for events You can search for the time the event occurred (event marker). When recording starts and stops, start and stop events are generated. This corresponds to the event selected on the event list. [Event search] Skips sideways ...
Page 127: Displaying Detailed Trends
7.3 Displaying detailed trends 7.3 Displaying detailed trends Displaying a detailed trend graph for each TIME PLOT interval This section describes how to display a time series graph for each TIME PLOT interval for Urms1/2, Irms1/2 (inrush current), Pinst, or one frequency cycle. Example: 3P4W (3-phase, 4-wire) [TIME PLOT] screen...
Page 128 7.3 Displaying detailed trends Changing the displayed items and displayed channel [Select] Select Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accep setting Cancel Displayed items Setting Contents:(  : Default setting)  RMS voltage refreshed each half-cycle Urms1/2 RMS current refreshed each half-cycle Irms1/2 (inrush current) Freq_wav...
Page 129 7.3 Displaying detailed trends Enlarging or reducing the graph (changing the X- and Y-axis scale) [Select] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accep setting Cancel Y-axis scale (Ydiv) When you want to reduce the graph, make the scale smaller. When you want to enlarge the graph, make the scale larger.
Page 130 7.3 Displaying detailed trends Reading the value above the cursor (Cursor measurements) You can read the value above the cursor and the time on the time series graph. [Cursor] Move the vertical cursor left and Cursor value right to read the Left: Cursor time display value.
Page 131 7.3 Displaying detailed trends Scrolling through display data During recording, the X- and Y-axis are automatically scaled so that the full time series graph fits on the screen. Once recording has stopped and the X- and Y-axis scale has been changed so that the waveforms do not fit on the screen, you can scroll through the time series graph by moving left, right, up, and down.
Page 132 7.3 Displaying detailed trends Searching for events You can search for the time (event mark) at which an event occurred. When recording starts and stops, start and stop events are generated. This corresponds to the event selected on the event list. [Event search] Skips sideways...
Page 133: Displaying Harmonic Trends
7.4 Displaying Harmonic Trends 7.4 Displaying Harmonic Trends This section descries how to select six orders and display their harmonic time series graphs. The maxi- mum, minimum, or average value during the TIME PLOT interval can be displayed. Example: 3P4W (3-phase, 4-wire) [TIME PLOT] screen [HarmTrend]...
Page 134 7.4 Displaying Harmonic Trends Changing displayed items, displayed waveforms, and displayed mea- sured values; enlarging and reducing graphs (changing the X-axis scale); and changing the displayed order [Select] Select 1st-order Display the  waveform pull-down menu 3rd-order Measured waveform Select a setting values Accep setting Cancel...
Page 135 7.4 Displaying Harmonic Trends X-axis scale (Tdiv) Selects the X-axis scale. Setting Contents:  AUTO , From 1min/div (varies with TIME PLOT interval) AUTO scaling is used during recording. This cannot be The Y-axis scale cannot be changed. The Y-axis maximum value will be the same as the range’s full-scale value.
Page 136 7.4 Displaying Harmonic Trends Scrolling through waveforms During recording, the X-axis is automatically scaled so that the full time series graph fits on the screen. Once recording has stopped and the X-axis scale has been changed so that the waveforms do not fit on the screen, you can scroll through the time series graph by moving left and right.
Page 137: Displaying Flicker Values In Graph And List Form
7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form 7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form • Flicker measurement cannot be performed during 400 Hz measurement. • The graph is not displayed unless [Flicker] is set to [Pst, Plt] in [SYSTEM]- [Main]- [Measure2].
Page 138 7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form Changing the displayed channel and enlarging and reducing graphs (changing the X- and Y-axis scale) [Select] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accep setting Cancel Displayed channel Setting Contents:( ...
Page 139 7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form Reading the value above the cursor (Cursor measurements) This section describes how to read the Pst and Plt measured values every 10 minutes. [Cursor] Move the vertical cursor left and right to read the display value.
Page 140: Displaying An Iec Flicker List
7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form Displaying an IEC flicker list This section describes how to display Pst and Plt statistics along with the time and date every 10 minutes. [TIME PLOT] screen [Flicker] [List] • Pst: Short interval flicker value •...
Page 141: Displaying A V10 Flicker Fluctuation Graph
7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form Displaying a V10 flicker fluctuation graph This section describes how to display a V10 flicker fluctuation graph. [TIME PLOT] screen [Flicker] [Graph] Select with the key. To enlarge or reduce the graph (p.136) To read the value above the cursor (p.137) To scroll waveform data (p.137) •...
Page 142 7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form Enlarging or reducing the graph (changing the X- and Y-axis scale) [Select] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accep setting Cancel Y-axis scale (Ydiv) When you want to reduce the graph, make the scale smaller. When you want to enlarge the graph, make the scale larger.
Page 143 7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form Reading the value above the cursor (Cursor measurements) This section describes how to read the V10 flicker measured value once a minute. [Cursor] Move the vertical cursor left and right to read the display value.
Page 144: Displaying A V10 Flicker List
7.5 Displaying Flicker Values in Graph and List Form Displaying a V10 flicker list This section describes how to display the following V10 flicker statistics along with the time and date once an hour: • V10 flicker 1-hour maximum value •...
Page 145: Chapter 8 Checking Events (Event Screen)
Checking Events Chapter 8 (EVENT screen) Data is analyzed on the [EVENT] screen. For more information about events, see "Appendix 2 Explana- tion of Power Supply Quality Parameters and Events" (p.A2). Each time an event occurs, an event is added to the event list screen. Event occurrence ...
Page 146: Using The Event Screen
8.1 Using the EVENT screen 8.1 Using the EVENT screen Pressing the key on the [EVENT] screen displays the event list screen. About screen configuration (p.28) [EVENT] screen Event List The screen shown varies with the instrument's internal operating state. Screen operation is limited depending on the instrument's internal operating state.
Page 147: Displaying The Event List
8.2 Displaying the Event List 8.2 Displaying the Event List Displays events in a list. [Event] screen [Event] [List] Scroll the event list up and down See: "Event items, list notation, To analyze the state when the event occurred (p.145) and saved items"...
Page 148 8.2 Displaying the Event List Displaying event details Select an event to display detailed event information and multiple event parameters. Move the yellow  cursor to select an event Select the event type in the detail display The voltage waveform when the event occurred is shown.
Page 149 8.2 Displaying the Event List Event items, list notation, and saved items Synchronized save items Event list IN/OUT/ Event items Event High-speed Fluctuation notation SENSE Measurement items waveform waveform data All instantaneous values Transient over- Transient overvoltage Tran IN/OUT  voltage waveform Frequency, voltage, cur- Swell...
Page 150 8.2 Displaying the Event List Note1 • GPS error (GPS error): GPS IN • GPS error cleared (GPS positioning): GPS OUT • GPS time correction failure (GPS time error): GPS Err IN/OUT rules are irrelevant. Fluctuation data is only displayed for IN events. If a series of swell, dip, interrupt, or inrush current IN events occur, fluctuation data may be unavailable.
Page 151: Analyzing The Measurement Line Status When Events Occur
8.3 Analyzing the Measurement Line Status When Events Occur 8.3 Analyzing the Measurement Line Status When Events Occur You can display the waveform and measured values that obtained when an event occurred on the [VIEW] screen by selecting the event you wish to analyze on the event list screen. [Event] screen [Event]...
Page 152 8.3 Analyzing the Measurement Line Status When Events Occur You can change to the event generation screens (DF1 [Wave], [Harmonics], [DMM], and [Event]) by pressing a key from the event waveform screen. Screen transitions and measurement data when events occur Event jump function Moving the cursor to the event you wish to view on the event list and pressing the ENTER...
Page 153: Analyzing Transient Waveforms
8.4 Analyzing Transient Waveforms 8.4 Analyzing Transient Waveforms Displaying transients [Event] screen [Event] [List] Select an event for which “Tran” is shown on the event list or event details list Accept setting The display will switch to the [VIEW] screen, and the waveform at the time of the Voltage/Transient waveforms display event will be displayed.
Page 154 8.4 Analyzing Transient Waveforms Enlarging and reducing the transient waveform [Select] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel Y-axis range To reduce the waveform, increase the voltage value per division. To enlarge the waveform, reduce the voltage value per division. Setting Contents:( ...
Page 155 8.4 Analyzing Transient Waveforms Scrolling the transient waveform You can check all waveform data by scrolling the waveform horizontally. [Scroll] Scroll the  waveform Return to  event list Display scope Scroll bar Scroll bar The display scope on the scroll bar (shown in white) illustrates which Display scope range of all measurement data is...
Page 156: Viewing High-Order Harmonic Waveforms
8.5 Viewing High-order Harmonic Waveforms 8.5 Viewing High-order Harmonic Waveforms RMS values for noise components at 2 kHz and higher are known as the high-order harmonic component. When a high-order harmonic component event is detected, the high-order harmonic waveform is recorded. The high-order harmonic waveform is a 40 ms instantaneous waveform sampled at 200 kHz.
Page 157 8.5 Viewing High-order Harmonic Waveforms Enlarging or reducing the graph (changing the X- and Y-axis scale) [Select] Select a setting Display the  pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel Y-axis scale (U: Voltage, I: Current) When you want to reduce the graph, make the scale smaller. When you want to enlarge the graph, make the scale larger.
Page 158 8.5 Viewing High-order Harmonic Waveforms Viewing the value and time at the cursor position (Cursor measure- ments) You can read the value and time at the cursor position on waveform graphs. [Cursor] Move the vertical Cursor value cursor left and right to read the display value.
Page 159: Checking Fluctuation Data
8.6 Checking Fluctuation Data 8.6 Checking Fluctuation Data Fluctuation data for swell, dip, interruption, and inrush current events when an event occurs is displayed for 30 s (from 0.5 s before to 29.5 s after the event IN) as a time series graph (during 400 Hz measurement, from 0.125 s before to 7.375 s after the event IN).
Page 160 8.6 Checking Fluctuation Data • Data can be recorded regardless of the recording item settings (p.76) and the TIME PLOT interval settings (p.77) ([SYSTEM]-DF1 [Recording]-F1 [Interval]). • When an event occurs while 30 s of fluctuation data is being recorded, fluctuation data is only recorded for the first event.
Page 161 8.6 Checking Fluctuation Data Viewing the value and time at the cursor position (Cursor measure- ments) You can read the value and time at the cursor position on time series graphs. [Cursor] Move the vertical cursor left and right to read the display value.
Page 162 8.6 Checking Fluctuation Data Scrolling the waveform During recording, the X-axis and Y-axis are automatically scaled so that the full time series graph fits on the screen. Once recording has stopped and the X-axis or Y-axis scale has been changed so that the waveforms do not fit on the screen, you can scroll through the time series graph by moving left, right, up, and down.
Page 163: Chapter 9 Data Saving And File Operations  (System-Memory Screen)
9.1 [MEMORY] Screen Data Saving and File Operations  (SYSTEM-MEMORY Chapter 9 screen) The PQ3198 saves settings data, measurement data, waveform data, event data, and screen copy data to an optional SD memory card. (Of this data, only setting conditions can be loaded by the instrument.) See:"3.5 Inserting (Removing) an SD Memory Card"...
Page 164 9.1 [MEMORY] Screen About File Types The following file data types may be stored. Name Type Description 00000001.SET Settings file 00000001.BMP Screen copy data file EV000001.EVT Event data file TR000001.TRN Transient waveform file HH000001.HHC High-order harmonic waveform file 000001.WDU Fluctuation data file AT000000.BMP Screen data file saved once each screen copy interval PQ3198.SET...
Page 165 9.1 [MEMORY] Screen Moving inside folders, moving to the root folder, and list displays Moving inside a folder  • You can display the contents of a folder by moving the cursor to the folder with the up and down cursor keys and then pressing the right cursor key.
Page 166: Formatting Sd Memory Cards
SD format, resulting in decreased memory card performance. • The instrument can only store data on memory cards that use the SD format. • Use only HIOKI-approved SD memory cards (model Z4001, etc). Proper operation is not guaranteed if other cards are used.
Page 167: Save Operation And File Structure
9.3 Save Operation and File Structure 9.3 Save Operation and File Structure Save operation Saving measurement data (p.163) Figure: Time series measurement normal data files SD  TP0000.ITV memory 19010100 PQ3198 Data is automatically saved Saving card root TP0001.ITV according to the time control method settings.
Page 168 9.3 Save Operation and File Structure File structure (overall) HARD PQ3198 COPY Folder for saving screen copy data Folder naming conventions files (Example: The first set of binary data recorded on January 1, 2019) 19: Last 2 digits of the Western year SETTING 01: Month 01: Day...
Page 169: Saving, Display And Deleting Measurement Data
9.4 Saving, Display and Deleting Measurement Data 9.4 Saving, Display and Deleting Measurement Data Saving data Characteristics selected with the [Recording Items] setting are all automatically saved to the SD memory card in the binary format. Up to 100 measurement data files can be created on a single date. If an SD memory card is not inserted into the instrument, measurement data will not be saved.
Page 170 9.4 Saving, Display and Deleting Measurement Data Delete [SYSTEM] screen [List] Select the num- ber (No.) you wish to delete [Delete] A deletion confirmation dialog box will be dis- played. Execute Cancel...
Page 171 • The maximum displayed times of the trend data, detailed trend data, and har- monic trend data in the screen of the Hioki PQ3198 is subject to [TIME PLOT] certain constraints. To confirm all measured trend data, use the application software PQ ONE, which is supplied with the instrument.
Page 172: Saving, Displaying, And Deleting Screen Copies
9.5 Saving, Displaying, and Deleting Screen Copies 9.5 Saving, Displaying, and Deleting Screen Copies You can save the currently displayed screen as a BMP (256-color) file. The file extension is “.bmp.” Save You can save (output) the screen at a given instant to the set SD memory card by pressing the while the screen you wish to save is displayed.
Page 173: Saving And Deleting Settings Files (Settings Data)
9.6 Saving and Deleting Settings Files (Settings Data) 9.6 Saving and Deleting Settings Files (Settings Data) This section describes how to save the instrument’s present settings. [SYSTEM] screen [Setting] [Save] The file will be  saved. To delete a file Select the number (No.) you wish to delete...
Page 174: Loading Settings Files (Settings Data)
9.7 Loading Settings Files (Settings Data) 9.7 Loading Settings Files (Settings Data) This section describes how to select and load saved settings. [SYSTEM] screen [Setting] Select the num- ber (No.) you wish to load. [Load] 9.8 File and Folder Names The instrument does not allow users to create folders.
Page 175: Chapter 10 Analyzing Data  Using The Application  (Pq One)
10.1 Application functionality Analyzing Data  Using the Application  Chapter 10 (PQ ONE) 10.1 Application functionality The PQ ONE application (which ships with the instrument) provides functionality for analyzing data from the instrument (saved in binary format) on a computer. Displays and analyzes measurement data Event statistics function allows analyzing measured data in detail.
Page 176: Installation
10.2 Installation 10.2 Installation Contents of included CD Language File name File description PQONE_Manual_Eng.pdf Instruction Manual (English) English Setup.exe PQ ONE Installer (English) Setup_Eng.msi PQONE_Manual_Jpn.pdf Instruction Manual (Japanese) Japanese Setup.exe PQ ONE Installer (Japanese) Setup_Jpn.msi The latest version can be downloaded from our website. How to use Instruction Manual The Instruction Manual is provided in PDF format.
Page 177: Installation Procedure
10.2 Installation Installation procedure Screen sample: Windows 10 Start the computer. Administrator authority may be required for the installation. Set the included CD to the CD-ROM drive. Click the Start button, and then, click File Explorer to start Explorer. Click This PC, and then, double-click DVD RW...
Page 178 10.2 Installation...
Page 179: Chapter 11 Connecting
When you connect the event output terminal When you connect the search signal of an to a trigger input terminal on a waveform recording device such as the Hioki Memory anomaly search device such as an overcur- HiCorder, you can record waveforms on the...
Page 180: Connecting To The External Control Terminal
11.1 Using the External Control Terminal Connecting to the External Control Terminal Be sure to read "Before Connecting Measurement Cables" (p.10) before attempting to connect the instrument to a computer. To prevent electrical accidents, use the recommended wire type to connect to the current input terminals, or otherwise ensure that the wire used has sufficient current handling capacity and insulation.
Page 181: Using The Event Input Terminal (Event In)
11.1 Using the External Control Terminal Using the event input terminal (EVENT IN) By inputting an external signal to the event input terminal, you can detect external events or start and stop recording based on the timing of input. If using the terminal to trigger external events, you can record the voltage and current waveforms as well as measured values when external events occur, just as for other events.
Page 182: Using The Event Input Terminal (Event Out)
11.1 Using the External Control Terminal Using the event input terminal (EVENT OUT) This indicates events occurring externally that were synchronized with events occurring internally for this device. Usage method 1. Connect a warning device. This is a good way to output warnings when events such an interruptions occur. Usage method 2.
Page 183: Chapter 12 Operation With A
Operation with a  Chapter 12 Computer The instrument includes standard USB and Ethernet interfaces to connect a computer for remote control. USB Connection Capabilities The SD memory card will be detected as a removable disk, and you will be able to copy data to a com- puter.
Page 184: Downloading Measurement Data Using The Usb Interface
12.1 Downloading Measurement Data Using the USB Interface 12.1 Downloading Measurement Data Using the USB Interface Since the instrument includes a standard USB interface, measurement data can be transferred to a USB- connected computer (using the instrument’s mass storage function). Connect the instrument to the computer with a USB cable.
Page 185: Control And Measurement Via Ethernet ("Lan") Interface
12.2 Control and Measurement via Ethernet ("LAN") Interface 12.2 Control and Measurement via Ethernet ("LAN") Interface Measured data can be transferred to a computer remotely using an Internet browser or the FTP server function. To computer’s LAN  interface Ethernet Interface Jack LAN cable (The figure shows the 9642 LAN Cable [option].) Example of remote operation using wireless LAN...
Page 186: Lan Settings And Network Environment Configuration
12.2 Control and Measurement via Ethernet ("LAN") Interface LAN Settings and Network Environment Configuration Configure the Instruments LAN Settings • Make these settings before connecting to a network. Changing settings while connected can duplicate IP addresses of other network devices, and incorrect address information may otherwise be presented to the network.
Page 187 12.2 Control and Measurement via Ethernet ("LAN") Interface Network Environment Configuration Example 1. Connecting the instrument to an existing network To connect to an existing network, the network system administrator (IT department) has to assign set- tings beforehand. Some network device settings must not be duplicated. Obtain the administrator's assignments for the following items, and write them down.
Page 188: Instrument Connection
• A 100BASE-TX-compatible straight cable (up to 100 m, commercially available). For 10BASE commu- nication, a 10BASE-T-compliant cable may also be used. • Hioki Model 9642 LAN Cable (option) When connecting one instrument to a single computer (prepare any of the following): •...
Page 189 Connect to the Ethernet jack on the instrument. Connect to a 100BASE-TX hub. When connecting the instrument to a single computer  (connect the instrument to the computer) Use the Hioki 9642 LAN Cable and cross-over adapter (9642 accessory) Cross-conversion Ethernet  cable...
Page 190: Remote Control Of The Instrument By Inter- Net Browser
12.3 Remote Control of the Instrument by Internet Browser 12.3 Remote Control of the Instrument by Inter- net Browser The instrument includes a standard HTTP server function that supports remote control by an internet browser on a computer. The instrument's display screen and control panel keys are emulated in the browser. Operating proce- dures are the same as on the instrument.
Page 191: Operating Procedure
12.3 Remote Control of the Instrument by Internet Browser Operating Procedure Click the [Remote Control Screen] link to jump to the Remote Control page. Click If a password has been set, the following page will be displayed: Input Enter the password and click the [SET] button to display the control panel in the browser window.
Page 192 12.3 Remote Control of the Instrument by Internet Browser Instrument screen emulation Control panel emulation Auto display update Click on the control panel keys to perform the same operations as the instrument keys. To enable automatic browser screen updating, set the update time in the auto update menu. Auto display The instrument screen emulation updates at the specified interval.
Page 193: Downloading Recorded Data To Computer
12.4 Downloading Recorded Data to Computer 12.4 Downloading Recorded Data to Computer Because the instrument is running an FTP (File Transfer Protocol)* server, using the FTP client function of the computer allows files from the SD memory card to be downloaded to the computer. *: A protocol to transfer files within the network.
Page 194 (Enable the Authentication and set a User name and Password.) Configure a user name used when connecting an FTP client to the instrument. User name (Up to 20 one-byte characters, example: HIOKI) Configure a password used when connecting an FTP client to the instrument. Password The password does not appear on the screen (displayed as ****************).
Page 195 12.4 Downloading Recorded Data to Computer Copy to any folder by selecting a folder or file. •To copy measured data, copy the “Folder for saving data”. See:"9.3 Save Operation and File Structure" (p.161) •Do not move any folder or file. It is recommended to delete the folder and file after the data is copied and checked.
Page 196 12.4 Downloading Recorded Data to Computer...
Page 197: Chapter 13 Specifications
13.1 General Specifications Chapter 13 Specifications 13.1 General Specifications Indoor use, pollution degree 2, altitude up to 3000 m (9843 ft.)  Operating environment At an altitude of above 2000 m (6562 ft.), the measurement categories are lowered to 600 V CAT III. Operating temperature and humidity 0°C to 30°C (32°F to 86°F) 95% RH or less (no condensation) When charging battery: 10°C to 30°C (50°F to 86°F) 30°C to 50°C (86°F to 122°F) 80% RH or less (no condensation)
Page 198: Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications
Current: 4 channels Input terminal form Voltage: Plug-in terminals (Safety terminals) Current: Dedicated connectors (Hioki PL14) For AC/DC auto-zero current sensors and AC flexible current sensors  Current sensor power supply +5 V 0.25 V, -5 V 0.25 V; supplied current: 30 mA max./ch.
Page 199 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications -2. Measurement items (1) Items detected at 2 MHz sampling without a gap Measurement items Nota- 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 3P4W 3P4W2.5E MAX/MIN/AVG tion Transient overvoltage Tran 1,2,4 1,2,4 1,2,3,4 1,2,3,4 1,3,4 (2) Items measured without gaps for each waveform Measurement Notation 1P2W...
Page 200 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (5) Items measured without gaps and aggregated every approx. 200 ms  (about once every 10 cycles at 50 Hz, every 12 cycles at 60 Hz, or every 80 cycles at 400 Hz) Measurement items Notation 1P2W 1P3W 3P3W2M...
Page 201 Conditions of  Guaranteed accuracy period: 1 year guaranteed accuracy Guaranteed accuracy period from adjustment made by Hioki: 1 year Temperature and humidity for guaranteed accuracy: 23°C±5°C (73°F±9°F), 80% RH or less Warm-up time: at least 30 minutes Power factor=1, common-mode voltage 0 V, specified after zero-adjustment For AC measurement, add the following conditions: ...
Page 202 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (2) Frequency cycle (Freq_wav) Measurement method Reciprocal method Calculated as the reciprocal of the accumulated whole-cycle time during one U1 (reference chan- nel) cycle. Frequency is given per waveform. When set to a measurement frequency of 400 Hz, calculated as the reciprocal of the accumulated whole-cycle time during 8 cycles.
Page 203 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (4) Inrush current ( Inrush, Irms1/2 ) Measurement method Compliant with IEC61000-4-30 When the measurement frequency is set to 50 Hz or 60 Hz, the current RMS value is calculated from data sampled from a current waveform at intervals of half cycle (in synchronization with volt- age waveform acquired across the same channel) and the inrush current is detected.
Page 204 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (6) Dip (Dip) Measurement method Compliant with IEC61000-4-30 During 50 Hz/60 Hz measurement, a dip is detected when the RMS voltage refreshed each half- cycle falls below the threshold. During 400 Hz measurement, a dip is detected when the minimum of 4 RMS voltage values occur- ring within 10 ms (values calculated for one 400 Hz waveform) falls below the threshold.
Page 205 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (8) Instantaneous flicker value (Pinst) Measurement method As per IEC61000-4-15 User-selectable from 230 V lamp/120 V lamp (when Pst and Plt are selected for flicker measure- ment) Displayed item Instantaneous flicker value Measurement range, resolution 99.999, 0.001 Measurement accuracy Event threshold...
Page 206 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (11) Voltage waveform peak (Upk) Measurement method Measured every 10 cycles (50 Hz) or 12 cycles (60 Hz); maximum and minimum points sampled during approx. 200 ms aggregation. During 400 Hz measurement, measured every 80 cycles; maximum and minimum points sampled during approx.
Page 207 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (13) RMS voltage (Urms) Measurement method AC+DC True RMS type IEC61000-4-30 compliant: 10 cycles (50 Hz) or 12 cycles (60 Hz) (approx. 200 ms) During 400 Hz measurement, calculated from 80 cycles (approx. 200 ms) When set to 3P3W3M/3P4W/3P4W2.5E, the phase voltage/line voltage setting is applied to the RMS voltage Urms.
Page 208 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (15) RMS current (Irms) Measurement method AC+DC True RMS type IEC61000-4-30 compliant: 10 cycles (50 Hz) or 12 cycles (60 Hz) (approx. 200 ms) 80 cycles (400 Hz) (approx. 200 ms) Includes Zero-display range. RMS current for each channel and AVG (average) RMS current for multiple channels  Displayed item (for more information,see "13.8 Calculation Formula"...
Page 209 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (17) Active power (P) Measurement method Measured every 10 cycles (50 Hz) or 12 cycles (60 Hz) (approx. 200 ms). During 400 Hz measurement, measured every 80 cycles using the 8-cycle waveform (approx. 200 ms). Active power for each channel and sum value for multiple channels ...
Page 210 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (19) Active energy and reactive energy (WP+, WP-/WQLAG, WQLEAD) Measurement method Measured every 10 cycles (50 Hz) or 12 cycles (60 Hz) (approx. 200 ms). During 400 Hz measurement, measured every 80 cycles using the 8-cycle waveform (approx. 200 ms). Integrated separately by consumption and regeneration from active power.
Page 211 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (21) Reactive power (Q) Measurement method Calculated using apparent power S and active power P. Lag phase (LAG: current lags voltage): Unsigned Lead phase (LEAD: current leads voltage): Negative Displayed item Reactive power of each channel and its sum for multiple channels. (For details, see "13.8 Calcu- lation Formula"...
Page 212 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (23) Voltage unbalance factor (negative-phase unbalance factor, zero-phase unbalance factor) (Uunb, Uunb0) Measurement method Calculated using various components of the 3-phase fundamental voltage wave (line-to-line voltage) for 3-phase 3-wire (3P3W2M, 3P3W3M) and 3-phase 4-wire connections. (For details, see "13.8 Calculation Formula" (p.231)) Displayed item Negative-phase unbalance factor (Uunb), zero-phase unbalance factor (Uunb0) Measurement range...
Page 213 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (25) High-order harmonic voltage component and high-order harmonic current component (UharmH, IharmH) Measurement method The waveform obtained by eliminating the fundamental component is calculated using the true RMS method during 10 cycles (50 Hz), 12 cycles (60 Hz), or 80 cycles (400 Hz) (approx. 200 ms) of the fundamental wave.
Page 214 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (26) Harmonic voltage and harmonic current (including fundamental component) (Uharm/Iharm) Measurement method Compliant with IEC61000-4-7:2009 Indicated harmonic voltage and harmonic current values incorporate inter-harmonics components adjacent to the next whole-number harmonic component after harmonic analysis. (For details see "13.8 Calculation Formula"...
Page 215 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications Measurement accuracy with a fundamental wave of 50 Hz/60 Hz Harmonic input Measurement accuracy Notes The 0th order: 0.3% rdg.0.08% f.s. Voltage 1% or greater of nominal voltage Defined for a nominal voltage of or higher : 5.00% rdg. 100 V or greater.
Page 216 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (29) Harmonic voltage phase angle and Harmonic current phase angle (including fundamental component) (Uphase/Iphase) Measurement method Compliant with IEC61000-4-7:2009 Analysis window width 10 cycles (50 Hz), 12 cycles (60 Hz), or 80 cycles (400 Hz) Number of window points Rectangular, 4096 points Displayed item...
Page 217 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (31) Total harmonic voltage and Total harmonic current distortion factor (Uthd, Ithd) Measurement method IEC61000-4-7:2009 compliant. Max. order: 50th Analysis window width 10 cycles (50 Hz), 12 cycles (60 Hz), or 80 cycles (400 Hz) Number of window points Rectangular, 4096 points Displayed item...
Page 218 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications (33) Voltage waveform comparison (Wave) Measurement method A judgment area is automatically generated from the previous 200 ms aggregation waveform, and events are generated based on a comparison with the judgment waveform. Waveform judgments are performed once for each 200 ms aggregation. Comparison window width 10 cycles (50 Hz), 12 cycles (60 Hz), or 80 cycles (400 Hz) Number of window points...
Page 219 13.2 Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications -5. RMS frequency characteristics Frequency Voltage Current Power 40 Hz to 70 Hz Specified as RMS value Specified as RMS value Specified as RMS value 1% rdg.0.2% f.s. 1% rdg.0.5% f.s. 1% rdg.0.5% f.s. 70 Hz to 360 Hz 360 Hz to 440 Hz Specified as RMS value Specified as RMS value...
Page 220: Screen Specifications
13.3 Screen Specifications 13.3 Screen Specifications Operating modes Four modes: [Setting], [Recording] , [Waiting], and [Analyzing] A group of screens including [SYSTEM], [VIEW], [TIME PLOT], and [EVENT] displays groups exists for each mode. [Setting] Instrument has been turned on, and there is no data stored internally. (Setting) [SYSTEM] Settings can be changed, and measured values are updated approxi-...
Page 221 CT7731 (100 A): 100 A/50 A CT7736 (600 A): 500 A/50 A CT7742 (2 kA): 5000 A/500 A Current sensor automatic Connected sensors that support the HIOKI PL14 connector are automatically detected when selected on detection the settings screen. Phase names R S T/A B C/L1 L2 L3/U V W ―...
Page 222 13.3 Screen Specifications (2) Hardware settings Display language Japanese/English/Chinese Simple (Simplified)/Chinese Trad (Traditional)/Korean/German/ French/Italian/Spanish/Turkish/Polish Beep sound ON/OFF Screen color COLOR1/COLOR2/COLOR3/COLOR4/COLOR5 Clock setting Western calendar year, month, day, hours, and minutes LCD backlight AUTO OFF (2 min) /ON (Continuous) Backlight automatically turns off 2 min. after last key operation. Once the backlight has turned off, it will automatically turn back on with operation of any key (in- cluding when the key lock is engaged).
Page 223 13.3 Screen Specifications (4) Time-series data settings Recording parameter setting Power (Small) / Power and Harmonic (Normal) / All data (Full) Records MAX, MIN, and AVG values. Note: Only MAX and MIN values are recorded for voltage 1/2 RMS values, current 1/2 RMS values, frequency 1 wave, and instantaneous flicker values.
Page 224 13.3 Screen Specifications (5) Event Settings Event hysteresis 0% to 10% (Applies to all parameters except frequency.) Fixed to 0.1 Hz for frequency; percentage of threshold value for other parameters. Maximum recordable events 1000/9999 Sets the maximum number of recordable events per measurement when repeat recording is off. When the repeat recording function is on, the number of events is obtained by multiplying this set- ting by the repeat count.
Page 225 13.3 Screen Specifications (7) Easy settings Abnormal voltage Basic power supply Inrush current Measured value Pattern EN50160 Setting detection quality measurement measurement recording Connection Set in advance Current sensor Set in advance CT, PT ratios Set in advance Measurement frequen- Automatic detection of 50 Hz/60 Hz/400 Hz;...
Page 226 13.3 Screen Specifications (7) Easy settings Abnormal voltage Basic power supply Inrush current Measured value Pattern EN50160 Setting detection quality measurement measurement recording Current unbalance  OFF, OFF OFF, OFF OFF, OFF OFF, OFF OFF, OFF factor (zero-phase, negative-phase) Harmonic voltage  As per EN50160 fundamental wave ...
Page 227 13.3 Screen Specifications [VIEW] screen (1) Waveform display Displayed screens 1. Voltage/Current : 2-segment split display (voltage waveform (U1 to U4), current waveform (I1 to I4)) 2. Voltage 4 channels: 4-segment split display (voltage waveform (U1 to U4)) 3. Current 4 channels: 4-segment split display (current waveform (I1 to I4)) Display axis selection Vertical axis: Choose from ×1/3, ×1/2, ×1, ×2, ×5, ×10, ×20, and ×50.
Page 228 13.3 Screen Specifications (3) DMM display Display screens and parameters 1. Power : RMS voltage, RMS current, Active power, Reactive power, Apparent power, Power factor/displacement power factor, Frequency 200 ms, Active energy, Reactive ener- gy, K factor, Efficiency 2. Voltage : 10-sec frequency, RMS voltage, Voltage total harmonic distortion, Current waveform peak value (positive, negative), Frequency 200 ms, High-order harmonic component, Zero-sequence negative-sequence unbalance ratio 3.
Page 229 13.3 Screen Specifications [TIME PLOT] screen (1) Trend graph display Displayed screens 1-screen display/2-screen display/Integrated power display Display update rate during  Every TIME PLOT interval measurement Displayed content Display parameters and  Displayed Displayed item Channel Remarks screens selection description 1-screen ...
Page 230 13.3 Screen Specifications (4) Inter-harmonics trend graph display Displayed screens 1-screen display Display update rate during  Every TIME PLOT interval measurement Displayed content Time series graph of maximum, minimum, and average values for up to 6 items Additional display Event occurrence point display function Event jump function Allows details for specified event to be analyzed on...
Page 231 13.3 Screen Specifications [EVENT] screen Event list display Display format • Event list display • Event details display (detailed information for event selected on event list) • Waveform display (waveform for event selected on event list; either voltage or current screen as set with [VIEW] screen's...
Page 232: Event Specifications
13.4 Event Specifications 13.4 Event Specifications -1. Event content See: "Event items, list notation, and saved items" (p.143) -2. Event detection Event detection method • The detection method relative to measured values for each event target is listed in the measure- ment specifications.
Page 233: Gps Time Synchronization Function
13.5 GPS Time Synchronization Function 13.5 GPS Time Synchronization Function The PW9005 GPS Box can be connected to the instrument to synchronize the instrument’s time with the GPS satellite time (coordinated universal time). GPS settings and status display function GPS box connection setting RS connected device: GPS GPS reception status display Positioning status...
Page 234: Interface Specification
13.6 Interface Specification 13.6 Interface Specification Connector Series B receptacle Method USB 2.0 (full-speed, high-speed), mass storage class Connection destination Computer: Windows 7 (32 bit/64 bit) / Windows 8 (32 bit/64 bit) / Windows 10 (32 bit/64 bit) Connection Recognition of the SD memory card as a removable disk when connected to a computer....
Page 235 13.6 Interface Specification External control Connector 4-pin screwless terminal block External event input External event Operation Pulse width input item setting Low level for 30 ms  Events occur at TTL low or short between the [GND] and [EVENT IN] terminals. or more Low level for 50 ms ...
Page 236: Other Functions
13.7 Other Functions 13.7 Other Functions -1. Warning functions Wiring check Checks connections and current sensor reverse connections as well as phase order on the con- nection diagram screen. Out of range When the input exceeds the range by 130%, displays - - - - -. Out of crest factor When the waveform peak exceeds 2 times the voltage range or 4 times the current range, "crest factor exceeded"...
Page 237: Calculation Formula
13.8 Calculation Formula 13.8 Calculation Formula -1. RMS voltage refreshed each half-cycle (Urms1/2), Dip (Dip), Swell (Swell), inter- ruption (Intrpt), RMS current refreshed each half-cycle (Irms1/2) Single- Connection setting Three-phase Single-phase 2-wire phase 3- Three-phase 3-wire Three-phase 3-wire 4-wire 1P2W wire 3P3W2M 3P3W3M...
Page 238 13.8 Calculation Formula -3. RMS Voltage (Urms), RMS Current (Irms) Phase Single Phase 3-Phase, 3-Wire, 3-Phase, 3-Wire, Single Phase 2-wire 3-Phase, 4-Wire System 3-wire 2-Measurement 3-Measurement 1P2W 3P4W Items 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M Urms Line-to-line voltage Line-to-line voltage Phase voltage – –...
Page 239 13.8 Calculation Formula -4. Active Power (P), Apparent Power (S), Reactive Power (Q), Efficiency (Eff) Single Phase 3-Phase, 3-Wire, 3-Phase, 3-Wire, Phase Single Phase 2-wire 3-Phase, 4-Wire System 3-wire 2-Measurement 3-Measurement 1P2W 3P4W Items 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M –  -- - ...
Page 240 13.8 Calculation Formula -5. Power factor (PF), Displacement power factor (DPF) Phase Single Phase 3-Phase, 3-Wire, 3-Phase, 3-Wire, Single Phase 3-wire 3-Phase, 4-Wire System 2-wire 2-Measurement 3-Measurement 1P3W 3P4W Items 1P2W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M sic Pc PFc= ----- - PFsum= PFsum= PFsum= PFsum= sisum...
Page 241 13.8 Calculation Formula -6. Voltage unbalance factor, Current unbalance factor Phase Single Single 3-Phase, 3-Wire, 3-Phase, 3-Wire, System Phase Phase 3-Phase, 4-Wire 2-Measurement 3-Measurement 2-wire 3-wire 3P4W Items 3P3W2M 3P3W3M 1P2W 1P3W Voltage  Uzero Uzero Uzero    --------------- - --------------- - --------------- -...
Page 242 13.8 Calculation Formula Current zero-phase component Izero [A] -- - Izero                             seq2 seq3 seq2 seq3...
Page 243 13.8 Calculation Formula -7. Harmonic Voltage (Uharm), Harmonic Current (Iharm), Inter-harmonic voltage (Uiharm), Inter-harmonic current (Iiharm) 3-Phase, 3-Phase, Single Phase System 3-Wire, 3-Wire, 3-Phase, Single Phase 2-wire Phase 2-Measure- 3-Measure- 4-Wire 1P2W 3-wire Items ment ment 3P4W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M Uharm[Vrms]=Uck...
Page 244 13.8 Calculation Formula -7. Harmonic Voltage (Uharm), Harmonic Current (Iharm), Inter-harmonic voltage (Uiharm), Inter-harmonic current (Iiharm) 3-Phase, 3-Phase, Single Phase System 3-Wire, 3-Wire, 3-Phase, Single Phase 2-wire Phase 2-Measure- 3-Measure- 4-Wire 1P2W 3-wire Items ment ment 3P4W 1P3W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M Iiharm[Arms]=Ick I’ck= ...
Page 245 13.8 Calculation Formula -8. Harmonic Power (Pharm), Harmonic Reactive Power (Qharm), K Factor (KF) 3-Phase, Phase System Single Single Phase 2- 3-Wire, 3-Phase, Phase 3-Phase, 3-Wire, 3-Measurement wire 2-Mea- 4-Wire 3-wire 3P3W3M Items 1P2W surement 3P4W 1P3W 3P3W2M Pharm[W]=Pck -- - U ...
Page 246 13.8 Calculation Formula -9. Total Harmonic Voltage Distortion Factor (Uthd-F, Uthd-R) and Total Harmonic Current Distortion Factor (Ithd-F, Ithd-R) 3-Phase, 3-Phase, Single Phase 3-Phase, Phase System Single Phase 2-wire 3-Wire, 3-Wire, 3-wire 4-Wire 1P2W 2-Measurement 3-Measurement Items 1P3W 3P4W 3P3W2M 3P3W3M Uthd-F[%] THDUF1...
Page 247 13.8 Calculation Formula -10. Harmonic Voltage Phase Angle (Uphase), Harmonic Current Phase Angle (Iphase), Phase Difference of Harmonic Voltage and Harmonic Current (Pphase) 3-Phase, 3-Wire, 3-Phase, 3-Wire, Phase System Single Phase 2-wire Single Phase 3-wire 3-Phase, 4-Wire 2-Measurement 3-Measurement 1P2W 1P3W 3P4W Items...
Page 248 13.8 Calculation Formula -12. Active energy (WP), reactive energy (WQ) 3-Phase, 3-Phase, Phase System Single Phase 3-Wire, 3-Wire, 3-Phase, Single Phase 2-wire 3-wire 2-Measure- 3-Measure- 4-Wire 1P2W 1P3W ment ment 3P4W Items 3P3W2M 3P3W3M WP1+= WPsum+= • h: measurement period; k: coefficient for converting to 1 hour •...
Page 249 13.8 Calculation Formula -13. Average calculation Average calculation methods CH1 to CH4 sum/AVG Comment Freq Signed average Same as Freq10s. Signed average Signed average Urms Average results for all channels are av- eraged. Irms Average results for all channels are av- eraged.
Page 250: Range Breakdown And  Combination Accuracy
13.9 Range Breakdown and Combination Accuracy 13.9 Range Breakdown and Combination  Accuracy Applies to active power (unit: W), apparent power (unit: VA), and reactive power (unit: var). -1. When using the CT7131 AC Current Sensor Power range breakdown (SUM) Current range Wiring 50.000 A...
Page 251 13.9 Range Breakdown and Combination Accuracy -3. When using the CT7126 AC Current Sensor Power range breakdown (SUM) Current range Wiring 5.0000 A 50.000 A 1P2W 3.0000 k 30.000 k 1P3W 3P3W2M 6.0000 k 60.000 k 3P3W3M 3P4W 9.000 k 90.00 k 3P4W2.5E Each channel has the same ranges as 1P2W.
Page 252 13.9 Range Breakdown and Combination Accuracy -6. When using the CT7742 AC/DC Auto-Zero Current Sensor Power range breakdown (SUM) Current range Wiring 500.00 A 5.0000 kA 1P2W 300.00 k 3.0000 M 1P3W 3P3W2M 600.00 k 6.0000 M 3P3W3M 3P4W 0.9000 M 9.000 M 3P4W2.5E Each channel has the same ranges as 1P2W.
Page 253 13.9 Range Breakdown and Combination Accuracy -8. When using the CT7116 AC Leakage Current Sensor Power range breakdown (SUM) Current range Wiring 500.00 mA 5.0000 A 1P2W 300.00 5.0000 k 1P3W 3P3W2M 600.00 10.000 k 3P3W3M 3P4W 0.9000 k 15.000 k 3P4W2.5E Each channel has the same ranges as 1P2W.
Page 254 13.9 Range Breakdown and Combination Accuracy...
Page 255: Chapter 14 Maintenance And Service
14.1 Cleaning Maintenance Chapter 14 and Service 14.1 Cleaning Instrument • To clean the instrument/ device/ product, wipe it gently with a soft cloth moistened with water or mild detergent. Never use solvents such as benzene, alcohol, acetone, ether, ketones, thinners or gasoline, as they can deform and discolor the case. •...
Page 256: Trouble Shooting
The calibration period varies depending on the status of the instrument and installation environ- ment. We recommend that the calibration period be determined in accordance with the state of the instrument and installation environment. Please contact your Hioki distributor to have your instrument periodically calibrated.
Page 257 When replacing parts, please contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. The service life of parts varies with the operating environment and frequency of use. Parts are not guaranteed to operate throughout the recommended replacement cycle.
Page 258 14.2 Trouble Shooting Before having the instrument repaired Verify below before returning the instrument for repair. Symptom Check item or cause Remedy and reference The display does Has the power cord been disconnected? Verify that the power cord is connected appear when Is it connected properly?
Page 259: Error Indication
DRAM error. SRAM error error. SRAM The instrument needs to be repaired. Contact your Invalid FLASH. FLASH error. authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. Invalid ADJUST. Adjustment value error. Invalid Backuped values. more erroneous backed-up system variables have created a conflict.
Page 260 To delete them, use a computer. [HARDCOPY] folder. *** SD card error *** An SD memory card error Contact Hioki with information about the instrument’s SD-CARD ERROR. other than those listed above operational status at the time of the error. occurred.
Page 261 START/ STOP. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller if a repair should become necessary. Turning on the instrument while the measurement target line is live may damage the instrument, causing an error to be displayed when it is turned on. Always turn on the instrument first and only activate power to the measurement line after verifying that the instrument is not displaying any errors.
Page 262: Disposing Of The Instrument
14.4 Disposing of the Instrument 14.4 Disposing of the Instrument The PQ3198 uses lithium batteries as a power source for saving measurement conditions. When disposing of this instrument, remove the lithium battery and dispose of battery and instru- ment in accordance with local regulations. Dispose the other options appropriately.
Page 263 14.4 Disposing of the Instrument Remove the 17 screws shown in the following diagram and remove the upper chassis. Upper chassis Insert the tweezers between the battery holder and the battery and lift up the battery to remove it. Lithium battery CALIFORNIA, USA ONLY Perchlorate Material - special handling may apply.
Page 264 14.4 Disposing of the Instrument...
Page 265: Appendix A1
Appendix Appendix 1 Fundamental Measurement Items Item Display Item Display Transient voltage Tran Power factor Frequency (1 wave) Freq_wav Displacement power factor Harmonic voltage  RMS voltage refreshed each half- Urms1/2 Uharm cycle (0th to 50th order harmonics) Harmonic current  RMS current refreshed each half- Irms1/2(Inrush) Iharm...
Page 266: Appendix 2 Explanation Of Power Supply Quality Parameters And Events
Appendix 2 Explanation of Power Supply Quality Parameters and Events Power supply quality parameters are necessary in order to investigate and analyze the phenome- non of power supply problems . By measuring these parameters, it is possible to assess power supply quality.
Page 267 Principal parameters PQ3198 events and Waveform Phenomenon Primary issues indicating measurements power quality Swells occur when the A surge in voltage may Events are detected voltage rises momen- cause the device's using swells. tarily, for example when power to be damaged a power line turns on or or the device to reset.
Page 268 Principal parameters PQ3198 events and Waveform Phenomenon Primary issues indicating measurements power quality Unbalance is caused Voltage unbalance, Events are detected by increases or negative-phase volt- using voltage unbal- decreases in the load age, and harmonics ance factor and cur- connected to each can cause issues rent unbalance factor.
Page 269: Appendix 3 Event Detection Methods
Appendix 3 Event Detection Methods Transient overvoltage Measurement method: • Detected when the waveform obtained by eliminating the fundamental component (50/60/400 Hz) from a waveform sampled at 2 MHz exceeds a threshold specified as an absolute value. • Detection occurs once for each fundamental voltage waveform, and voltages of up to 6,000 V can be measured. Recorded data: Transient voltage value : Peak value of waveform during 4 ms period after elimination of fundamental component...
Page 270 Voltage Swells, Voltage Dips, and Interruptions Measurement method: • When the measurement frequency is set to 50/60 Hz, events are detected using the RMS voltage refreshed each half-cycle based on sample data for 1 waveform derived by overlapping the voltage waveform every half-cycle. •...
Page 271 Frequency cycle Measurement method: • Frequency for every U1 (reference channel) waveform, calculated using the reciprocal method. • When the measurement frequency is set to 400 Hz, the frequency cycle is calculated as the reciprocal of the accumu- lated whole-cycle time during 8 cycles. •...
Page 272 Voltage DC Value, Current DC Value (CH4 only) Measurement method: Values are detected when the average value for the approx. 200 ms aggregation synchronized to the reference channel U1 exceeds a threshold specified as an absolute value. Event IN and OUT: Event IN : Start of the approx.
Page 273 Voltage Waveform Comparison Measurement method: • A judgment area is automatically generated from the previous 200 ms aggregation waveform, and events are gener- ated based on a comparison with the judgment waveform. • Waveform comparison is performed at once for the entire 200 ms aggregation. Thresholds are applied as a percent- age of the nominal input voltage RMS value.
Page 274 Inrush current Measurement method: • Events are detected when the RMS current refreshed each half-cycle Irms1/2 is greater than the threshold. • For 400 Hz measurement, events are detected when the maximum of 4 RMS current values existing within the same 10 ms period (calculated values for one 400 Hz waveform) is greater than the threshold in the positive direction.
Page 275 High-order Harmonic Voltage Component and High-order Harmonic Current Component Measurement method: • The waveform obtained by eliminating the fundamental component is calculated using the true RMS method during 10 cycles (50 Hz), 12 cycles (60 Hz), or 80 cycles (400 Hz) of the fundamental wave. Events are detected when this RMS value is greater than the threshold.
Page 276: Appendix 4 Recording Time Plot Data And Event Waveforms
Appendix 4 Recording TIME PLOT Data and Event Waveforms TIME PLOT screen (trends and harmonic trends) [Record] SYSTEM_DF1 TIME PLOT Interval (setting period) Approx. 200 ms aggregation (50 Hz: 10 cycles, 60 Hz: 12 cycles) RMS value 1 RMS value 2 RMS value 3 RMS value N Example:...
Page 277 Event Waveform Recording Method Generating events using approx. 200 ms aggregation measured values [Record] SYSTEM_DF1 TIME PLOT Interval (setting period) Approx. 200 ms aggregation (50 Hz: 10 cycles, 60 Hz: 12 cycles) RMS calculation EVENT occur RMS calculation RMS calculation Event waveform record- The result of adding the two waveforms prior to and the two waveforms after the...
Page 278 TIME PLOT time synchronization and overlap Instruments defined under IEC61000-4-30 Class A must generate measurement results within the stipu- lated accuracy range when measuring the same signal, even if different instruments are used to make the measurement. A series of 150/180 cycle time intervals is resynchronized every 10 minutes as shown in the figure to align measurement times and measured values.
Page 279 Method for verifying aggregation values required by IEC61000-4-30 3-second aggregated values 10-minute aggregated values 2-hour aggregated values (=150/180cycle data) Applies to average value of Applies to average value of Applies to average value of Magnitude of the channel Urms values on the channel Urms values on the channel Urms values on the Supply Voltage...
Page 280: Appendix 5 Detailed Explanation Of Iec Flicker And V10 Flicker
Appendix 5 Detailed Explanation of IEC Flicker and V10 Flicker To measure the IEC Flicker or V10 Flicker Flicker calculation and IEC flicker filter settings are configured on the SYSTEM- [Main]-F2 [Measure 2] screen. See:"5.1 Changing Measurement Conditions" (p.71) IEC Flicker Meter The IEC flicker function is based on international standard IEC61000- 4-15, "Flickermeter - Functional and design specifications".
Page 281 Weighting Filter You can select a weighted filter for either a 230 V lamp system or a 120 V lamp system. Statistical Statistics on flicker are compiled by applying the cumulative probability function Processing (CPF) to 1024 logarithmic divisions of instantaneous flicker values Pinst in the range from 0.0001 to 10000 P.U.
Page 282 V10 Flicker Meter V10 flicker The V10 flicker function is calculated using the "perceived flicker curve" calcu- lation method, which is based on digital Fourier transformation. Calculation:  V10 =    V  Vn : RMS value [V] for voltage fluctuations in frequency fn. : Luminosity coefficient for fn where 10 Hz is 1.0.
Page 283: Appendix 6 Making Effective Use Of  Channel 4
Appendix 6 Making Effective Use of Channel 4 While channel 4 is often used to measure the neutral line of 3-phase 4-wire connections, there are a vari- ety of other uses since it is isolated from the instrument's other channels. DC power supply measurement This is an extremely broad range of applications that extends from monitoring DC power supply systems to monitoring hardware internal power supplies.
Page 284 Two-system, two-circuit measurement Although it is necessary to measure a system synchronized to the reference channel in order to obtain accurate measurements, channel 4 can be used to measure a different system than channels 1 through 3 . Used for separate systems Example of 2-system measurement...
Page 285 Example of 2-system measurement 2 EV quick-charge measurement example Solar power system measurement example...
Page 286: Appendix 7 3-Phase 3-Wire Measurement
Appendix 7 3-phase 3-wire Measurement ·  3-phase 3-wire Load 3-phase 3-wire Source · · · Neutral point · · · ·  ·  Similar circuit of 3-phase 3-wire line · · · : The vectors of line-to-line voltage 、...
Page 287 Since equations (1) and (2) agree, it is possible to prove that 2-wattmeter measurement can be used to measure the power of a 3-phase, 3-wire line. The circuit allowing 3-phase power measurements with this method is a only closed circuit without leakage current. Since there are no special conditions other than the above, it is possible to calculate 3-phase power regardless of the balanced or unbalanced state of the electric circuit.
Page 288: Appendix 8 Method For Calculating Active Power Accuracy
Appendix 8 Method for Calculating Active Power Accuracy The accuracy of active power calculations can be calculated as follows, taking into account the phase accuracy: Example measurement conditions Wiring: 3-phase/4-wire (3P4W) Current sensor: Model CT7136 Current range: 50 A (power range: 150 kW) "13.9 Range Breakdown and Combination Accuracy"...
Page 289: Appendix 9 Terminology
Appendix 9 Terminology A European power supply quality standard that defines limit values for supply voltage and EN50160 other characteristics. The PQ ONE application software can be used with data from the PQ3198 to perform standard-compliant evaluation and analysis. An international standard governing measurement of harmonic current and harmonic volt- IEC61000-4-7 age in power supply systems as well as harmonic current emitted by equipment.
Page 290 LAN is the abbreviation of Local Area Network. The LAN was developed as a network for transferring data through a PC within a local area, such as an office, factory, or school. This device comes equipped with the LAN adapter Ethernet 10/100Base-T.Use a twisted- pair cable to connect this device to the hub (central computer) of your LAN.
Page 291 50 2 16-bit resolution Out of crest factor -200 Crest factors of the PQ3198 (The crest factor of the current input area is 4.) However, when a measurement that exceeds the peak is input, it appears outside the crest factor and you are informed of data that contains measurement errors. The noise component at and above several kHz.
Page 292 The ratio of the K-order size to the size of the fundamental wave, expressed as a percent- age using the following equation: K-order wave / fundamental wave × 100 [%] Harmonic content  percentage By observing this value, it is possible to ascertain the harmonic component content for indi- vidual orders.
Page 293 THD-F: The ratio of the size of the total harmonic component to the size of the fundamental wave, expressed as a percentage using the following equation: (from 2nd order) × (for the PQ3198, calculated to the 50th order) 100 [%] fundamental wave This value can be monitored to assess waveform distortion for each item, providing a yard- stick that indicates the extent to which the total harmonic component is distorting the fun-...
Page 294 Balanced (symmetrical) 3-phase voltage (current) Three-phase AC voltage (current) with equal voltage and current magnitude for each phase and 120 phase separation. Unbalanced (asymmetrical) 3-phase voltage (current) Three-phase AC voltage (current) with equal voltage and current magnitude for each ° phase and 120 phase separation.
Page 295 Functionality for generating events when the MANU EVENT key is pressed and recording the measured value and event waveform at that time. In this way, events can be generated Manual event function as a snapshot of the system being measured. Use this functionality when you wish to record a waveform but cannot find another event that defines the desired phenomenon or when you wish to record data manually to avoid the generation of too many events.
Page 297: Index
Index Index Index Numbers External event ..........A26 External output ........... 82 10-sec frequency ..........A28 Factory settings ..........93 Battery pack ............41 File types ............158 Beep sound ............82 Filter ..............74 Before connecting measurement cables .....10 Flag ..............A30 Boot key reset .............92 Flag concept...
Page 298 Index Index LAN cable ..........182, 183 LAN interface ........... 179 Language ............81 SAVE ..............167 Save operation ..........161 LCD Backlight ............ 82 List of event settings .......... 85 Screen copy interval ........... 77 SD memory card .......... 28, 44 Lithium battery ..........
Page 299 Index Index Zero adjustment ..........51 Zero phase ............A28...
Page 300 Index Index...

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Pq3198

Hioki PQ3198-94 Instruction Manual

Chapter 1 Overview

Chapter 2 Names And Functions of Parts

Chapter 3 Measurement  Preparations

Chapter 4 Configuring the

Chapter 5 Changing Settings (as Necessary)

Chapter 6 Monitoring

Chapter 7 Monitoring

Chapter 8 Checking Events (EVENT Screen)

Chapter 9 Data Saving and File Operations  (SYSTEM-MEMORY Screen)

Chapter 10 Analyzing Data  Using the Application  (PQ ONE)

Chapter 11 Connecting

Chapter 12 Operation with a

Chapter 13 Specifications

Chapter 14 Maintenance and Service

Appendix 1 Fundamental Measurement Items

Appendix A1

Appendix 2 Explanation of Power Supply Quality Parameters and Events

Appendix 3 Event Detection Methods

Appendix 4 Recording TIME PLOT Data and Event Waveforms

Appendix 5 Detailed Explanation of IEC Flicker and V10 Flicker

Appendix 6 Making Effective Use of  Channel 4

Appendix 7 3-Phase 3-Wire Measurement

Appendix 8 Method for Calculating Active Power Accuracy

Appendix 9 Terminology

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