Page 1 When using the instrument for the Troubleshooting first time p.23 p.249   Names and Functions of Parts Maintenance and Service p.27 p.253   Basic Operations Error Indication p.39  Measurement Preparations July 2021 Revised edition 3 *600536883* PQ3198A961-03 21-07H HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 2 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Using the Instrument during a  Bundle the voltage cord leads with the spiral tubes ..........41 Power Outage ........72  Attaching the strap .......42  Attaching the Z5020 Magnetic Strap ...42  Installing the battery pack ....43 PQ3198A961-03 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 4 (Settings Data) ....... 170 Displaying detailed trends .....123  Displaying a detailed trend graph for File and Folder Names ....170 each TIME PLOT interval ....123  Changing file and folder names ..170 Displaying Harmonic Trends ..129 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 5 ..........A22 Computer ........189 Appendix 8 Method for Calculating Active Power Accuracy ....A24 Appendix 9 Terminology......A25 Chapter 13 Specifications 13.1 General Specifications ....193 Index Index1 13.2 Input Specifications/ Output Specifications/ Measurement Specifications ..194 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 6 Contents HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 7: Introduction
Introduction Introduction Thank you for purchasing the Hioki PQ3198 Power Quality Analyzer. To obtain maximum perfor- mance from the instrument over the long term, be sure to read this manual carefully and keep it handy for future reference. Be sure to also read the separate document “Operating Precautions” before use.
Page 8 Indicates the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE Directive) in EU member states. This is a recycle mark established under the Resource Recycling Promotion Law (only for Japan). Ni-MH Indicates that the product conforms to regulations set out by the EU Directive. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 9 The value currently being measured and indicated on the measuring in- (reading or displayed strument. value): The smallest displayable unit on a digital measuring instrument, i.e., the dgt. input value that causes the digital display to show a "1" as the least-signif- (resolution): icant digit. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 10: Confirming Package Contents
When you receive the instrument, inspect it carefully to ensure that no damage occurred during shipping. In particular, check the accessories, panel switches, and connectors. If damage is evi- dent, or if it fails to operate according to the specifications, contact your authorized Hioki distrib- utor or reseller.
Page 11 Confirming Package Contents Options The following options are available for the instrument. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller when ordering. The options are subject to change. Visit our website for updated information. Voltage measurement Power supply  L9243 Grabber Clip ...
Page 12: Safety Notes
CAT IV: When measuring the circuit from the service drop to the service entrance, and to the power meter and primary overcurrent protection device (distribution panel). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 13: Usage Notes
• Before using the instrument, check it and verify that it operates properly to make sure that it suffered no damage during storage or transportation. If you find any damage or failure, contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. Instrument Installation Installing the instrument in inappropriate locations may cause a malfunction of instrument or may give rise to an accident.
Page 14 • If the instrument exhibits abnormal operation or display during use, review the infor- mation in "14.2 Trouble Shooting" (p.250) and "14.3 Error Indication" (p.253) before contacting your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. • To avoid damage to the instrument, protect it from physical shock when transporting and handling.
Page 15 • Keep the clamp closed when not in use, to avoid accumulating dust or dirt on the fac- ing core surfaces, which could interfere with clamp performance. Important Use only the Hioki specified voltage cords and input cables. Using a non-specified cable may result in incorrect measurements due to poor connection or other reasons. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 16 Failure to do so could result in equipment malfunction or damage. • After connecting the communications cable, tighten the screws on the connector securely. Failure to secure the connector could result in equipment malfunction or damage. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 17 About the battery pack • For battery operation, use only the Hioki Model Z1003 Battery Pack. We do not take any responsibility for accidents or damage related to the use of any other batteries.
Page 18 Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller as soon as possible. Continuing to use the instrument may result in fire or electric shock.
Page 19 • Keep discs inside a protective case and do not expose to direct sunlight, high temperature, or high humidity. • Hioki is not liable for any issues your computer system experiences in the course of using this disc. Using the Magnetic Adapter and Magnetic Strap Persons wearing electronic medical devices such as a pacemaker should not use magnetic adapter and magnetic strap.
Page 20 Usage Notes HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 21: Chapter 1 Overview
• Periodic power supply quality statistical inves- and wish to address it quickly.) tigations • Testing after the installation of electric or elec- tronic equipment • Load investigation • Preventive maintenance Go to Step 2. Go to Step 3. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 22 • Outlets and other points of power supply for electric and electronic equipment What is the expected cause? • Voltage abnormalities (RMS value fluctuations, waveform distortion, transient voltages, high-order har- monics [noise at frequencies of several kHz and above]) • Current abnormalities (leak current, inrush current) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 23 • Continue recording for the necessary period, check the state of the power supply malfunction based on the detected events, and take corrective action as appropriate. (The PQ3198 can be used not only for the investigation phase, but also to verify the effectiveness of corrective action taken.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 24 By understanding the precise times at which abnormalities (events) start and stop, you can more easily identify problematic equipment and locations.  Check for heat and unusual sounds. Motors, transformers, and wiring may produce heat or unusual sounds due to causes such as overload- ing or harmonics. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 25: Product Overview
Flicker (ΔV10, IEC) Flicker is caused by blast furnace, arc welding, and thyristor control loads. The resulting voltage fluctuations cause flicker in light bulbs and similar phenom- ena. Flicker HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 26: Features
PW6001 and PW3390 due to differences in measurement band, it should yield approximately the same current and power values as the PW6001 and PW3390 since current waveforms approach the fundamental wave. It can also be used to measure the efficiency of DC/3-phase inverters. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 27: Measurement Flowchart
Disconnect the voltage cords and current sensors from the measurement line and turn off the instrument. 3.8 (p.50) (The display data will be erased. It cannot be redisplayed.) Analyze the data on a computer using the computer application. Chapter 12 (p.179) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 28: Start And Stop Recording
Relationship between the operation status and key operations [Setting] [Recording] [Analyzing] Start Stop recording recording Revert to [Setting] mode Do not remove the SD memory card while recording or analyzing data. Doing so may cause data on the card to be corrupted. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 29: Chapter 2 Names And Func
Flashing green strument. See:"2.2 Basic Operations" (p.27) Normal operation: Solid green When recording: When using battery pack: Solid red Solid green See: "3.8 Turning the Power On and Off (Set- ting the Default Language)" (p.50) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 30 Starts and stops recording. To resume re- currently displayed ating recording of mea- cording, press the DATA RESET key to re- screen to the SD memo- sured values and event set the data followed by the START/STOP ry card. waveforms. key. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 31 Connect a GPS box using an RS-232C Insert an SD memory card here. Be sure to close cable. the cover when recording. See: (p.45) LAN interface Connect a computer here using the optional 9642 LAN Cable. See: (p.184) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 32 (from the left) indicate the year of manufacture, and the next two indicate the month of manufacture. Required for production control. Do not peel off the label. Battery compartment Install the included Model Z1003 Battery Pack. See: (p.43) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 33: Basic Operations
"Start and Stop Recording" (p.22) changed Select a digit Revert to [Setting] mode after stopping recording. Press the DATA RESET key to reset the measurement data. Select a value The instrument will return to [Setting] mode from [Analyzing] mode. Accept setting Cancel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 34 Data will be saved to the SD Press the MANU EVENT key. Mea- card. sured values and event waveforms at that time will be recorded. See: "9.5 Saving, Displaying, and Deleting Screen Copies" See: "Manual Events" (p.11) (p.168) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 35: Display Items And Screen Types
[Waiting] is also displayed Once the memory is full, no additional data can be when recording is stopped. recorded. Lights up when data is being recorded. Lights up when the instrument is in [Analyzing] mode after recording stops. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 36 Setting the Clock See: : (p.84) No event has been detected. (White) No. of events recorded Event indicator (Max. 9999 *) Full bar indicates 9999 * events. * : When the Max. Recordable events is set to 9999 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 37: Warning Indicators
VT (PT) and CT have been set. *: The nominal input voltage (Udin), which is calculated from the nominal supply voltage using the trans- former ratio, indicates the voltage that is actually input to the instrument. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 38: Screen Types
Configures the recording, TIME Configures the Recording Items, TIME PLOT interval, PLOT interval settings. real-time control, and re- See: 5.2 (p.77) peated recording settings. See: 5.2 (p.77) to 5.3 (p.80) Time See: Configures the real-time control, repeated record- ing settings.5.3 (p.80) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 39: Iec Flicker Meters And Dv10 Flicker Meters 1
Displays a list of screenshot Delete data. List Load* Displays a list of the files Delete stored on the SD memory card. Format *The List's F1 (Load) will appear when the cursor is in the stored data folder. (********). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 40 1 to 4 as a graph. See: 6.4 (p.105) List Displays the sum voltage, current, power measured values (or- ders 0 to 50) for channels 1 to 4 as a graph. See: 6.4 (p.105) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 41 (0.5 s before and 29.5 s after EVENT IN) (for 400 Hz mea- surement, approx. 0.125 s before and approx. 7.375 s after EVENT IN). See: 8.6 (p.155) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 42 Can display 6 orders of inter-harmonics. Displays the average value or the maximum, minimum, and average values during the TIME PLOT interval as a time series. (You can select voltage or current to be displayed.) : Inter-harmonics are displayed when [Recording Items] is set [All data]. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 43 You can also an- alyze instantaneous values, waveforms, and other information at the time of the event's occurrence on the [VIEW] screen. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 44 2.3 Display Items and Screen Types HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 45: Chapter 3 Measurement Prepa
30 minutes before performing zero adjustment or making measurements. Set the clock. (p.84) Set the connection mode. (p.55) Verify that the connections have been made properly. (p.66) Perform quick setup. (p.68) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 46: Initial Instrument Preparations
Measuring object (Colors of the CH and colored clips) Single-phase 2-wire (1P2W) 1 (CH1 red) Single-phase 3-wire (1P3W) 2 (CH1 red, CH2 yellow) 3-phase 3-wire (3P3W2M) 3-phase 3-wire (3P3W3M) 3 (CH1 red, CH2 yellow, CH3 blue) 3-phase 4-wire (3P4W) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 47: Bundle The Voltage Cord Leads With The 4.9 Spiral Tubes
Wind the spiral tube around the leads. Wrap the two leads together with the spiral tube. The five spiral tubes should be ap- plied with suitable spacing. Attach alligator clips that are Spiral tube the same color as the cords. Colored Black HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 48: Attaching The Strap
Put the strap through buckle. the strap loop of the instrument. The magnetic force varies depending on thickness and unevenness of steel panels. Check for lack of the magnetic force so as not to let the instrument slip down. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 49: Installing The Battery Pack
Remove the labeling on the battery pack. the cover. Exercise care not to pinch the battery pack wires between the batter pack and the instrument. Reattach the battery pack cover to the instrument and tighten the screws securely. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 50: Pre-Operation Inspection
3.3 Pre-Operation Inspection 3.3 Pre-Operation Inspection Before using the instrument the first time, verify that it operates normally to ensure that the no damage occurred during storage or shipping. If you find any damage, contact your dealer or Hioki representative. Metal exposed...
Page 51: Connecting The Ac Adapter
AC adapter. 3.5 Inserting (Removing) an SD Memory Card Important • Use only HIOKI-approved SD memory cards (model Z4001, etc). Proper operation is not guar- anteed if other cards are used. • Format new SD memory cards before use.
Page 52 See: "5.2 Changing the Recording Settings" (p.77) ▲Arrow Insert the card horizontally. Inserting the SD memory card at an angle may cause the writeprotect lock to engage, preventing data from being written to the card. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 53: Connecting The Voltage Cords
Connection Procedure Plug the voltage cables into the appropri- ate channels' voltage measurement jacks. Insert the plugs into the jacks as far as they will go. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 54: Connecting The Current Sensors
Align the arrow with the concave part of the terminal to insert the connector. When disconnecting the current sensor, be sure to grip the part of the connector indicated by the arrows and pull it straight out. Current input terminal HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 55 To measure voltage and current beyond the range of the instrument or current sensor Use an external VT (PT) or CT. By specifying the VT or CT winding ratio on the instrument, the input level at the primary side can be read directly. See: "4.7 Quick setup" (p.68) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 56: Turning The Power On And Off (Setting The Default Language)
2. Disconnect the power cord, voltage cords, and current sensors from the instrument. 3. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. For best precision, allow at least 30 minutes warm-up before executing zero adjustment and measuring. Turning the power off...
Page 57 Turkish Polish Polish • This default language setting is retained even if the system is reset (p.94). • The language is not retained when the instrument is reset to its factory settings with a boot key reset (p.94). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 58 3.8 Turning the Power On and Off (Setting the Default Language) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 59: Chapter 4 Configuring The In
• In order to ensure the instrument's ability to make precise measurements, zero adjustment should be performed at an ambient temperature level that falls within the range defined by the device specifications. • The operating keys are disabled during zero adjustment. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 60: Setting The Clock
4.2 Setting the Clock 4.2 Setting the Clock This section describes how to set the PQ3198's clock. It is recommended to check the clock before starting recording. [SYSTEM] screen [Main] [Hardware] Move Select value to change Set value Accept setting Cancel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 61: Configuring The Connection Mode And Current Sensors
Select the connection mode Accept setting Cancel Accepting the settings will cause a connection diagram for the selected connection mode to be displayed. Accepting the selection displays the wiring diagram of the selected wiring mode. (p.57) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 62 These sensors will need to be manually configured. To measure multiphase power, use the same type of current sensor on each phase line. For example, to measure 3-phase 4-wire power, use the same model current sen- sors on channels 1 to 3. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 63: Connection Diagram
1P3W The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal (balanced) state. The L1021-01, L1021-02 Patch Cord can be used to consolidate two cords being connected to the same phase into a single cord. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 64 3P3W3M The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal (balanced) state. The L1021-01, L1021-02 Patch Cord can be used to consolidate two cords being connected to the same phase into a single cord. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 65 3P4W2.5E (CH4:ACDC) The vector diagram shows the measure- ment line in its ideal (balanced) state. The L1021-01, L1021-02 Patch Cord can be used to consolidate two cords being connected to the same phase into a single cord. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 66 4.3 Configuring the Connection Mode and Current Sensors (2) Measuring multiple systems Used for a separate system Two circuits (3) Measuring a system and a DC power supply ±24 V, ±15 V, ±5V, etc. Used for a separate system power supply HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 67: Setting The Vector Area (Tolerance Level)
CH1 for current. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ ±1 ±30 (%) (±20 U/I phase difference Sets the tolerance level for the current phase difference relative to the voltage. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ +60 (°) (0 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 68: Connecting To The Lines To Be Measured (Preparing For Current Measurement)
L1,L2, and L3 or U,V, and W, as appropriate. Changing the phase names [SYSTEM] screen [Wiring] [Phase name] Display the pull-down menu Select the connection mode Accept setting Cancel Accepting the settings will cause the selected phase names to be shown on the connection diagram. (p.57) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 69 Adapter. In this case, connect each cords so that it is hang- ing off the adapter in a manner that balances its weight. Check the voltage values to verify that the connections have been made securely. Model 9804-01, 9804-02 Magnetic Adapter Model L1000 Voltage Cord Secondary side of breaker HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 70 Load side Line Source side Make certain that the current flow direction arrow points toward the load. Current flow direction arrow HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 71 (steel). In particular, Model Z5004 can prevent the own weight of the voltage cords from detaching those alligator clips or magnet adapters. How to attach the strap "Attaching the Z5020 Magnetic Strap" (p.42) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 72: Verifying Correct Wiring (Connection Check)
• Are the current sensors securely plugged into the current measurement jacks on the instrument? (p.48) • Are the current sensors properly attached to the lines? (p.64) • Are the current sensors appropriate for the line current to be measured? • Is the sensor range set correctly? HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 73 • Check that the voltage measurement clips are attached to the lines If vector direction (phase) or col- according to the wiring diagram. or is incorrect. Current vectors: • Check that the current sensors are attached to the lines according to the wiring diagram. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 74: Quick Setup
What settings are affected by quick setup? For accurate measurements, settings such as range must be properly configured. When you use quick setup, the following settings are automatically configured using HIOKI-rec- ommended values according to the selected connection settings: current range, nominal input voltage, measurement frequency, event thresholds, etc.
Page 75 The 150 (50 Hz) and 180 (60 Hz) cycle settings provide the TIME PLOT intervals required for IEC61000-4-30-compliant measurement. When using a measurement fre- quency of 400 Hz, selecting 150/180 cycle will result in a 1200 cycle interval. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 76 Do not change the event threshold, or other settings once they have been config- ured. Doing so will prevent measurement in compliance with EN51060. Easy settings course details (settings) For more information about the easy settings course, see "(7) Easy settings" (p.221). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 77: Verifying Settings And Starting Recording
No problem Check the clock Problem Change settings  [SYSTEM] Change the settings on the screen. See: "4.2Setting the Clock" (p.54) No problem Start recording. See: "Start and Stop Recording" (p.22) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 78: Using The Instrument During A Power Outage
However, the instrument will turn off about 180 minutes after the outage occurs. Once the power is back on, the instrument will turn back on and resume recording. Integral values and other data will be reset, and the integration process will resume. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 79: Chapter 5 Changing Settings (As Necessary)
∗ CH4: AC+DC /DC/OFF Declared input voltage Selects the nominal input voltage (Udin) for the measurement line. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ 100/101/110/120/127/200/202/208/220/230 /240/277/347/380/400/415/480/ 600/VARIABLE (set from 50 V to 780 V in 1 V increments) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 80 Set if using an external CT. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ /40/60/80/120/160/200/240/300/400/600/800/1200/ VARIABLE (0.01 to 9999.99) Frequency Selects the nominal frequency (fnom) for the measurement line. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ 50 Hz /60 Hz/400 Hz HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 81 Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ THD-F / THD-R Harm Calc Selects the harmonic calculation method. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ U, I, P: All Levels /U, I, P: All % of FND/U, P: %, I: Level HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 82 Measurement frequency of 60 Hz 65.00 to 2995.00,3000.00 Hz *: Msv1 and Msv2 mean levels, whereas Msv%1 and Msv%2 mean content rates. The instrument with the measurement frequency set to 400 Hz cannot measure any Mains signaling voltage. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 83: Changing The Recording Settings
SD card remaining capacity. The actual number of days of data that can be saved may be less than the indicated amount depend- ing on the number of screen copies made and events generated. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 84      unbalance factor current component Current K factor       unbalance factor Flicker    (ΔV10/ Pst, Plt) Detailed trend graphs are always displayed with maximum and minimum values. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 85 Long-term measurements over 1 month or longer: Enable repeated recording (see "Repeat Record" (p.81)). Screen copy interval Outputs the display image to the SD memory card at the set screen copy interval. See:"Key operation during configuration" (p.77) Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ /5/ 10/ 30 minute(s)/ 1/ 2 hour(s) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 86: Changing The Measurement Period
The recording will start at “10:50:00.” If the set recording interval is of 30 s or less, recording will start from the next zero second. Stop operation is the same as with the [Manual] setting. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 87 Start date and stop date Start time and stop time Set- ting — — — Any value 1 Week — — from 1 to 55 Any value 1 Day — Start time and stop time from 1 to 366 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 88 • In the event of a power outage (interruption of power to the instrument), the folder will be segmented. • Once the data storage files exceed about 100 MB, data will be segmented, regard- less of the repeat count. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 89: Changing Hardware Settings
Select the setting/ change the value Accept setting Cancel Language Sets the display language. Setting Contents: Japanese Japanese English English Chinese Simplified Chinese Trad Traditional Chinese Korean Korean German German French French Italian Italian Spanish Spanish Turkish Turkish Polish Polish HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 90 This setting can be selected only when the [Flicker] setting is [ΔV10]. Output will be set to ΔV10 alarm low when the set ΔV10 threshold is exceeded. If selecting this setting, set the ΔV10 thresh- old. (0.00 V to 9.99 V) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 91 Set when connecting the PQ3198 to Model PW9005 GPS Box with an RS-232C cable. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ Disables the RS connection. Outputs data to a Model PW9005 GPS Box. If select- ing this setting, select the time zone. (-13:00 to +13:00) See: Model PW9005 Instruction manual HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 92: Changing Lan Settings
Enable when trying to restrict connection to the Authentification FTP server. Configure a user name used when connecting User name an FTP client to the instrument. Configure a password used when connecting an Password FTP client to the instrument. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 93: Changing Event Settings
Specify the 0th order level as an absolute 0 to 50 (OFF) percentage value. Orders Level/content (1,2,3)(sum) 1.3 × (0 to [varies with range]) W 1,2,3,4, Harmonic power 0 to 50 percentage (OFF) Specify as absolute value. /0% to 100% 5,6,8 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 94 Note 11: The signal frequency range 60 Hz to 2.5 kHz (for a measurement frequency of 50 Hz) 70 Hz to 3.0 kHz (for a measurement frequency of 60 Hz) Choose between two timeout settings: 30 seconds and 120 seconds. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 95 To turn voltage/current/power events on or off, or to adjust associated thresholds (p.90). To turn harmonic events on or off, or to adjust associated thresholds (p.91). To generate an event using an external input signal (p.92). To generate an event manually (p.92). To periodically generate an event (p.93). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 96 [9999] comparison events. If an event occurs for 5 min. or more at a frequency of 3 times per second or greater while [Max. recordable events] is set to [9999] , the resulting event data may be incomplete. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 97 Set thresholds are stored internally regardless of the event’s ON/OFF setting. Even if a threshold is set, no events will be generated unless the event is set to ON. When the measurement frequency (fnom) is 400 Hz, measurement is limited to the 10th order. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 98 (manual event) key is pressed. The voltage and current waveforms and measured values when the external event occurs can be recorded. Manual events are always enabled. See: More about how to record event waveforms: "Appendix 4 Recording TIME PLOT Data and Event Waveforms" (p.A12) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 99 Continuous event generation will stop as soon as the measurement is finished. Used to observe the instance when the event is generated and the changes in the instantaneous wave- forms after that. In the case of this instrument, waveforms of up to one second are recorded. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 100: Initializing The Instrument (System Reset)
"5.8 Factory Settings" (p.95) Reverting the instrument to its factory settings (boot key reset) You can revert all settings, including language and communications settings, to their default values by turning on the instrument while holding down the ENTER keys. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 101: Factory Settings
Set language LCD Backlight Display color Color 1 External output Short pulse Beep sound External control (IN) Event RS-232C connection Vector area settings Setting Default value Setting Default value Phase area ±30 U/I phase difference Amplitude area ±20 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 102 5.8 Factory Settings HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 103: Neous Values
This screen is shown when an event is selected on [EVENT] screen in [Analyzing] mode. As shown in the screenshot to the right, the event num- ber, time and date, and type are displayed. See:"8.3 Analyzing the Measurement Line Status When Events Occur" (p.147) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 104: Displaying Instantaneous Waveforms
(p.100) form (p.101) The instantaneous waveform displays the wave- scroll waveform form sampled at 20 kHz. (Measured values are To hold the display (p.101) data (p.101) calculated using waveforms sampled at a differ- ent frequency for each parameter.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 105 To enlarge the graph, increase the scale. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ 5ms/div , 10ms/div, 20ms/div, 40ms/div The scale can also be changed without using the pull-down menu by pressing the up and down cursor keys. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 106 Cursor color Red: CH1 Yellow: CH2 Blue: CH3 Cursor White: CH4 Scroll bar You can read waveform instantaneous values with the cursor. Normally, the cursor is located at the begin- ning of the waveform. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 107 If you select an event and display a waveform, you can scroll horizontally to analyze 14 waveforms at 50 Hz, 16 waveforms at 60 Hz, or 112 waveforms at 400 Hz. Holding the display [Hold] (Measured values and waveforms will be held.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 108: Displaying Phase Relationships ([Vector] Screen)
To change the harmonic number of orders (p.104) To hold the display (p.110) Changing the axis display, RMS value/phase angle display, and phase angle value display Select a setting Display the pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 109 ∗ Uses U1 as the reference source. Uses I1 as the reference source. Uses U2 as the reference source. Uses I2 as the reference source. Uses U3 as the reference source. Uses I3 as the reference source. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 110 Change the number of order (Up to the 50th order can be set) Accept setting Cancel The harmonic number of orders can also be changed without using the pull-down menu by pressing the up and down cursor keys. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 111: Displaying Harmonics
Select with the key. To change the display channel (p.106). To change the axis display (p.106). To change the RMS value/phase angle display (p.106). To display inter-harmonics (p.107). To change the display order (p.107). To hold the display (p.110). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 112 Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ Level Phase Phase angle Content Content percentage In the level display, the high-order harmonic component bar graph and measured value (harmH) are dis- played next to the U and I bar graphs. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 113 You can also change the displayed order without displaying the pull-down menu by using the up and down cursor keys. [Harmonic Order] Display the pull-down menu Change the number of order (Selectable settings: THD, 0th order through 50th order) Accept setting Cancel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 114: Displaying Harmonics As A List
When the 400 Hz measurement frequency is selected, harmonic analysis is performed up to the 10th order, and inter-harmonic analysis is not available. Changing the display channels, items, RMS value, phase angle, inter- harmonics Select a setting Display the pull-down menu Select a setting Accept setting Cancel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 115 The inter-harmonics order is obtained by add- ing 0.5 to the harmonics order for the same row. Example: The order of inter-harmonics on the right of the 20th harmonic is 20.5. Inter-harmonics Harmonic Harmonic number of orders HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 116 6.4 Displaying Harmonics Holding the display [Hold] (Measured values and waveforms will be held.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 117: Displaying Measured Values Numerically (Dmm Screen)
• When the instrument has failed to synchronize When the interruption event is set to off, the instrument evaluates measured values on the basis of a threshold value of 200% for swell, or 10% for dip and interruption. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 118 6.5 Displaying Measured Values Numerically (DMM Screen) Holding the display [Hold] (Measured values will be held.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 119: Tions In Measured Values
RMS values and 50 frequency values calculated every During 400 Hz 1 s (for a 50 Hz signal). Of those, the maximum and measurement minimum values are recorded. See: Trend graph recording methods: "Recording TIME PLOT Data and Event Waveforms" (pA.12) RMS voltage calculation HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 120 19 days 16 hours 35 days 1 hour 19 days 16 hours 35 days 35 days 2 hours 35 days 35 days 35 days 150/180 cycle 23 min. 36 sec. 47 min. 12 sec. 7 hours 52 min. (Approx. 3 sec) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 121: Using The [Time Plot] Screen
[Analyzing] mode [Recording] [Setting] mode: When you want to change Stop recording Revert to [Setting] mode settings in [Recording] [Analyzing] [Setting] mode [Analyzing] mode: Revert to [Setting] mode In both cases, all displayed measurement data will be deleted. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 122: Displaying Trends
To change the displayed characteristic (when displaying [Energy] screen) (p.119) To enlarge or reduce the graph (p.120) To view the value and time over the cursor (p.121) To scroll through display data (p.121) To search for an event (p.122) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 123 • Sum indicates the sum for channels 1 through 3 (varies with connection). • CH4 for S, Q, and PF can only be selected when CH4 is set to AC+DC. These values cannot be selected when CH4 is set to OFF for Eff. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 124 Displays the maximum value during the TIME PLOT interval. Displays the minimum value during the TIME PLOT interval. Displays the average value during the TIME PLOT interval. Displays the maximum, minimum, and average ∗ values during the TIME PLOT interval. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 125 Changing the displayed items ([ENERGY] screen) [Select] Select Display the pull-down menu Select a setting Accep setting Cancel Displayed items Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) Active integration amount for WP+ consumption, ∗ WP- regeneration Reactive power WQLAG lag, WQLEAD lead HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 126 To enlarge the graph, increase the scale. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ AUTO , ×1, ×2, ×5, ×10, ×25, ×50 X-axis scale (Tdiv) Selects the X-axis scale. Setting Contents: ∗ AUTO , From 1min/div When recording, use AUTO. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 127 • The cursor on the scroll bar shows where the cur- sor is located relative to all measurement data. Display scope All measurement data HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 128 Even when dip, swell, and interruption events have been turned off, flags are shown with measurement data when a dip or interruption (when the voltage falls 10% relative to the nominal voltage) or swell (when the voltage rises 200%) is judged to have occurred. Flag icon: HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 129: Displaying Detailed Trends
To search for an event (p.128) Unlike trend data, which consists of one graph each for the maximum, minimum, and aver- age values, detailed trend data is displayed as a single graph with vertically connected bands between the maximum and minimum values. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 130 RMS current refreshed each half-cycle Irms1/2 (inrush current) Freq_wav One frequency cycle Pinst Instantaneous flicker value Inrush current Inrush Pinst is only displayed when [Flicker] is set to [Pst, Plt]. Displayed channel Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ / CH2/ CH3/ HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 131 When you want to reduce the graph, make the scale smaller. When you want to enlarge the graph, make the scale larger. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ AUTO , From 1min/div (varies with TIME PLOT interval) AUTO scaling is used during recording. This cannot be changed. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 132 • When the TIME PLOT interval is set to 150 or 180 cycles, the time is shown in ms units. • The time displayed during cursor measurement is based on the CH1 voltage (U1). The event time shown on the event list and the time displayed during cursor mea- surement may not agree. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 133 (shown in white) illustrates which range of all measurement data is being shown on the screen. • The cursor on the scroll bar shows Display scope where the cursor is located relative to all measurement data. All measurement data HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 134 This corresponds to the event selected on the event list. [Event search] Skips sideways through the event markers. Event mark (Red): Indicates a normal event. Analyzing events using waveforms Event number, time and date, type, channel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 135: Displaying Harmonic Trends
Additionally, inter-harmonic trend data will not be displayed if [P&Harm] is selected. • During 400 Hz measurement, harmonic analysis is performed up to the 10th order, and inter-harmonic analysis is not available. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 136 Displayed waveforms, displayed measured values Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) Displays the maximum value during the TIME ∗ PLOT interval. Displays the minimum value during the TIME PLOT interval. Displays the average value during the TIME PLOT interval. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 137 This section describes how to read the value and time above the time series graph cursor. [Cursor] Move the vertical cursor left and right to read the display value. Cursor time The cursor value is shown in Cursor Cursor value same color selected order. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 138 The start time and stop time event markers are always displayed. Synchronization is achieved with an event selected from the event list. [Event search] Skips sideways through the event Event mark markers. (Red): Analyzing events Indicates a normal event. using waveforms Event number, time and date, type, channel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 139: Displaying Flicker Values In Graph And List Form
Pst, Plt measurement immediately after settings have been configured, and the initial measured value may be excessively high. It is recommended to wait about 2 min- utes after making settings on the [SYSTEM] screen before starting measurement. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 140 Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ AUTO , ×1, ×2, ×5, ×10, ×25, ×50 X-axis scale (Tdiv) Selects the X-axis scale. Setting Contents: ∗ AUTO From 1min/div AUTO scaling is used during recording. This cannot be changed. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 141 (shown in white) illustrates which Scroll bar range of all measurement data is being shown on the screen. • The cursor on the scroll bar shows Display scope where the cursor is located relative to all measurement data. All measurement data HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 142: Displaying An Iec Flicker List
Even when dip, swell, and interruption events have been turned off, flags are shown with measurement data when a dip or interruption (when the voltage falls 10% relative to the nominal voltage) or swell (when the voltage rises 200%) is judged to have occurred. Flag icon: HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 143: Displaying A Dv10 Flicker Fluctuation Graph
ΔV10 measurement immediately after settings have been configured, and the first and second ΔV10 measured values may be excessively high. It is recommended to wait about 5 minutes after making settings on the [SYSTEM] screen before starting measurement. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 144 Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ AUTO , ×1, ×2, ×5, ×10, ×25, ×50 X-axis scale (Tdiv) Selects the X-axis scale. Setting Contents: ∗ AUTO From 10min/div AUTO scaling is used during recording. This cannot be changed. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 145 (shown in white) illustrates which range of all measurement data is being shown on the screen. • The cursor on the scroll bar shows Display scope where the cursor is located relative to all measurement data. All measurement data HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 146: Displaying A Dv10 Flicker List
[TIME PLOT] screen [Flicker] [List] • Statistics are updated once an hour, and the ΔV10 flicker overall maximum value is updated once a minute. • The list is not displayed unless [Flicker] is set to [ΔV10] [SYSTEM]-DF1 [Main]- [Measure2]. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 147: Chapter 8 Checking Events (Event Screen)
ON. [Event1] [Event2] "5.6 Changing Event Settings" (p.87) See: • The maximum number of events that can be displayed is 9999. (Event data should be analyzed using the application software PQ ONE, which is supplied with the instrument.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 148: Using The Event Screen
[Analyzing] mode [Recording] [Setting] mode: When you want to change Stop recording Revert to [Setting] mode settings in [Recording] [Analyzing] [Setting] [Analyzing] mode mode: Revert to [Setting] mode In both cases, all displayed measurement data will be deleted. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 149: Displaying The Event List
A list of the multiple parameters is shown to the right. Operation when there are too many events When the event count reaches 9999, the instrument will continue to save time plot data but stops saving event data. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 150 The voltage waveform when the event occurred is shown. You can more the yellow cur- sor up and down 100 rows at a time with the keys. You can move the cursor to the most recent event with the key. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 151 Voltage waveform com- Wave  parison Mains signaling IN/OUT  voltage Timer event Timer  Continuous event Cont  External event  Manual event Manu  Start Start  Stop Stop  GPS_IN  Note 1 GPS_OUT  GPS_Err  HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 152 Indicates the time at which the worst value was detected. 10:05:32.016 Channel on which the worst value was detected Number of transient overvoltages detected from the transient overvoltage event IN Times 5Times to the transient overvoltage event OUT (up to 99999) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 153: Analyzing The Measurement Line Status When Events Occur
Event waveform waveform when the event [VIEW] screen, and screen occurred. the waveform at the time of the event will be dis- played. The event number, event time, and event type will be displayed. Return to event list HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 154 Note2: When a series of swell, dip, interruption, or inrush current IN events occur, there may be no fluctua- tion data. How can event waveforms be recorded? See: "Appendix 4 Recording TIME PLOT Data and Event Waveforms" (p.A12) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 155: Analyzing Transient Waveforms
50 Hz/60 Hz from having a sampled waveform pass through a highpass filter (fc = 5 kHz). • Since voltage waveform display data reduced to 20 kS/s, the effect from a transient waveform may not be reflected to the voltage waveforms. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 156 X-axis range (Tdiv) (left: voltage waveform range; right: transient waveform range) Selects the X-axis scale. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) Voltage waveform range: ∗ 5ms/div , 10ms/div, 20ms/div, 40ms/div Transient waveform range: ∗ 25μs/div , 50μs/div, 100μs/div, 200μs/div, 400μs/div HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 157 Return to event list Display scope Scroll bar Scroll bar The display scope on the scroll bar (shown in white) illustrates which Display scope range of all measurement data is being shown on the screen. All measurement data HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 158: Viewing High-Order Harmonic Waveforms
High-order harmonic waveforms of the event will be dis- display played. [HHarmonic] Return to event list Select with the key. To enlarge or reduce the graph (p.153) To read the value above the cursor (p.154) To scroll waveform data (p.154) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 159 , x2, x5, x10, x20, x50 X-axis scale Selects the X-axis scale. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ 0.5ms/div , 1ms/div, 2ms/div, 5ms/div,10ms/div The scale can also be changed without using the pull-down menu by pressing the up and down cursor keys. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 160 (shown in white) illustrates which range of all measurement data is being shown on the screen. • The cursor on the scroll bar indi- Display scope cates where the cursor is located relative to all waveform data. All waveform data HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 161: Checking Fluctuation Data
To enlarge or reduce the graph (p.156) Blue: CH3 Gray: CH4 To read the value above the cursor (p.157) The maximum and minimum values during To scroll waveform data (p.158) the TIME PLOT interval are shown as the MAX and MIN values. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 162 X-axis scale (Tdiv) When you want to reduce the graph, make the scale smaller. When you want to enlarge the graph, make the scale larger. Setting Contents:( ∗ : Default setting) ∗ AUTO ×5, ×2, ×1, ×1/2, ×1/5, ×1/10 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 163 Yellow: CH2 Blue: CH3 Cursor Gray: CH4 time The time displayed during cursor measurement is based on the CH1 voltage (U1). Event occurrence times displayed in the event list and times shown during cursor measurement may not agree. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 164 (shown in white) illustrates which range of all measurement data is being shown on the screen. Display scope • The cursor on the scroll bar shows where the cursor is located relative to all measurement data. All measurement data HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 165: Chapter 9 Data Saving And File Operations (System-Memory Screen)
An error message will be displayed if the SD memory card experiences an error. SD utili- zation is not shown. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 166 • Files are numbered consecutively inside each folder. • In the name of the folder used to store data, YY indicates the last two digits of the Western year; MM, the month; DD, the day; and NN, a sequential number for that day. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 167 Other folder contents are displayed as a list of filenames. List of thumbnails HARD PQ3198 COPY Root folder List of filenames SETTING List of 19010100 EVENT filenames 8 9 9 List of AUTO thumbnails COPY 19010101 List of filenames HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 168: Formatting Sd Memory Cards
SD format, resulting in decreased memory card performance. • The instrument can only store data on memory cards that use the SD format. • Use only HIOKI-approved SD memory cards (model Z4001, etc). Proper operation is not guaranteed if other cards are used.
Page 169: Save Operation And File Structure
PQ3198 SETTING the SD memory card screen card root 00000001.SET and press the key. 00000102.SET 8 9 9 • Up to 102 files can be displayed on the [Setting] screen. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 170 Time series measurement flicker data* *: When the file size exceeds 100 MB, the in- Time series strument will create a new file and continue data files saving data to it. Numbers are assigned au- tomatically, as for TP0001.ITV. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 171: Saving, Display And Deleting Measurement Data
Day], the maximum recording time is 366 days. • When repeated recording is set to Week], the maximum recording time is 55 weeks. • Harmonics order data is not saved for [Power], but it is saved in THD. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 172 9.4 Saving, Display and Deleting Measurement Data Delete [SYSTEM] screen [List] Select the num- ber (No.) you wish to delete [Delete] A deletion confirmation dialog box will be dis- played. Execute Cancel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 173 • The maximum displayed times of the trend data, detailed trend data, and har- monic trend data in the screen of the Hioki PQ3198 is subject to [TIME PLOT] certain constraints. To confirm all measured trend data, use the application software PQ ONE, which is supplied with the instrument.
Page 174: Saving, Displaying, And Deleting Screen Copies
Select the thumbnail whose screen you wish to view with the cursor keys and press the [View] key to view Cancel hard copies of screens for which a screen copy interval was set. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 175: Saving And Deleting Settings Files (Settings Data)
• All filenames are assigned automatically and cannot be changed by the user (for exam- ple, 00000000.SET). See:"9.3 Save Operation and File Structure" (p.163) • Up to 102 files can be displayed on the [Setting] screen. 8 9 9 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 176: Loading Settings Files (Settings Data)
Settings files should be placed in the [SETTING] folder, and screen copy files should be placed in the [HARDCOPY] folder. Filenames containing characters other than letters and numbers may not be properly displayed by the instrument. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 177: Chapter 10 Analyzing Data
Displays lists of file information including settings and the number of events Dragging a folder containing measurement data displays lists of all data and event occur- rences included in the folder. Refer to the Application Software Instruction Manual (CD) for details. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 178: Installation
Instruction Manual. (Adobe ® ® Reader can be downloaded from the Adobe website.) Operating environment Operating System (OS) Windows 7, Windows 8.1, Windows 10 Display resolution 1280 × 768 dots or more CD-ROM drive Used for installation HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 179: Installation Procedure
Explorer. Click This PC, and then, double-click DVD RW Drive. Double-click the English folder. Double-click setup.exe (SET UP file). (The extension may not be displayed.) After the installer starts, follow the instruction to proceed with the installation. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 180 Explorer. Click This PC, and then, double-click DVD RW Drive. Double-click the English folder. Double-click setup.exe (SET UP file). (The extension may not be displayed.) After the installer starts, follow the instruction to proceed with the installation. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 181: Chapter 11 Connecting External Devices
When you connect the event output terminal to a trigger input terminal on a waveform When you connect the search signal of an recording device such as the Hioki Memory anomaly search device such as an overcur- rent relay to the event input terminal, you can...
Page 182: Connecting To The External Control Terminal
The electric wire is locked in place. Longer wires may cause malfunction due to external noise. Wind the wires around a ferrite clamp as shown in the figure before connection (position the fer- rite clamp as near the terminal block as possible). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 183: Using The Event Input Terminal (Event In)
LOW level : 0 V to 0.8 V Maximum input voltage -0.5V to +6.0 V 170 ms or more HIGH 3.0 V to 5.0 V 0 V to 0.8 V 30 ms or more +5 V 10 kΩ 470 Ω 2200 pF HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 184: Using The Event Input Terminal (Event Out)
Long pulse setting: Approx. 2.5 s Maximum input voltage -0.5 V to +6.0 V HIGH 4.0 V to 5.0 V 0 V to 0.5 V 10 ms or more (with the short pulse setting) +5 V 10 kΩ HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 185: Chapter 12 Operation With A Computer
The SD memory card will be detected as a removable disk, and you will be able to copy data to a com- puter. Ethernet ("LAN") Connection Capabilities • Control the instrument remotely by internet browser. (p.186) • You will be able to download measurement data from the instrument to a computer (using the FTP server function). (p.189) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 186: Downloading Measurement Data Using The Usb Interface
USB connection. Alternately, you can use the computer’s “Safely Remove Hardware” icon to end the connection. 2. Disconnect the USB cable from the computer. The transferred data can be analyzed using the attached PQ ONE application software. Files other than screen copies cannot be opened directly. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 187: Control And Measurement Via Ethernet ("Lan") Interface
DHCP. Configure the router to assign a fixed IP address to the PQ3198. For more information about router settings, see the instruction manual for your wireless LAN router. For details on how to use the included application software PQ ONE, see the accompanying instruction manual (CD). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 188: Lan Settings And Network Environment Configuration
(subnets), this IP address specifies the device to serve as the gateway between the networks. If the computer and instrument are connected one-to-one, no gateway is used, and the instrument's default setting "0.0.0.0" can be kept as is. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 189 IP address is freely settable. Use the recommended private IP addresses. IP Address : Computer : 192.168.1.1 : PQ3198 : 192.168.1.2 (Set to a different IP address than the computer.) Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway: Computer : ___.___.___.___ : PQ3198 : 0.0.0.0 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 190: Instrument Connection
• A 100BASE-TX-compatible straight cable (up to 100 m, commercially available). For 10BASE commu- nication, a 10BASE-T-compliant cable may also be used. • Hioki Model 9642 LAN Cable (option) When connecting one instrument to a single computer (prepare any of the following): •...
Page 191 Connect to the Ethernet jack on the instrument. Connect to a 100BASE-TX hub. When connecting the instrument to a single computer (connect the instrument to the computer) Use the Hioki 9642 LAN Cable and cross-over adapter (9642 accessory) Cross-conversion Ethernet cable...
Page 192: Remote Control Of The Instrument By Internet Browser
(1) Check the network settings on the instrument and the IP address of the computer. See: "LAN Settings and Network Environment Configuration" (p.182) (2) Check that the LINK LED in the Ethernet internet jack is lit, and that (the LAN indicator) is displayed on the instrument's screen. See: "Instrument Connection" (p.184) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 193: Operating Procedure
*: The boot key reset will cause the instrument’s settings to be reverted to their default values. You can revert all settings, including language and communications settings, to their default values by turning on the instrument while holding down the ENTER key. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 194 If the instrument does not accept key input Is the browser's security level set to “High”, or has JavaScript been disabled? Change the browser's security setting to Medium or Medium-high. The displayed information may vary with the browser being used. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 195: Downloading Recorded Data To Computer
When the field is selected, a drop- down menu will be displayed. When entering alphanumeric char- acters, the setting will change. Reboot the instrument when changing the network Select a setting/ settings. Enter alphanumeric characters. Accept the setting Cancel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 196 (Enable the Authentication and set a User name and Password.) Configure a user name used when connecting an FTP client to the instrument. User name (Up to 20 one-byte characters, example: HIOKI) Configure a password used when connecting an FTP client to the instrument. Password The password does not appear on the screen (displayed as ****************).
Page 197 When wanting to perform remote control: See:"Remote Control of the Instrument by Internet Browser" (p.186) To analyze data or convert to text data : Use the included PQ ONE application. For more information, see the PQ ONE instruction manual. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 198 12.4 Downloading Recorded Data to Computer HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 199: Chapter 13 Specifications
Approx. 300W × 211H × 68D mm (11.81″W × 8.31″H × 2.68″D) Body Strap can be attached. Mass Approx. 2.5 kg (88.2 oz.) (with Z1003 Battery Pack installed) Product warranty period 3 years Accessories See: "Accessories" (p.4) Options See: "Options" (p.5) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 200: Input Specifications/Output Specifications/Measurement Specifications
Current: 4 channels Input terminal form Voltage: Plug-in terminals (Safety terminals) Current: Dedicated connectors (Hioki PL14) Current sensor power supply For AC/DC auto-zero current sensors and AC flexible current sensors +5 V ±0.25 V, -5 V ±0.25 V; supplied current: 30 mA max./ch.
Page 201 1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4, Active power 1,2,4,sum 1,2,4,sum Efficiency Eff1, Eff2 sum,4 sum,4 sum,4 sum,4 sum,4 Active energy WP+, WP- Apparent power 1,2,4,sum 1,2,4,sum 1,2,4,sum 1,2,4,sum 1,2,4,sum 1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4, Reactive power 1,2,4,sum 1,2,4,sum Reactive energy (lag) WQLAG, WQLEAD (lead) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 202 Note 5: Meaning of "**" in the "MAX/MIN/AVG" column Indicates that maximum and minimum values (all) can be displayed, regardless of the MAX/MIN/AVG TIME PLOT interval. *1: CH3 is calculated but not displayed. It can be output only as binary data. *2: Select either. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 203 Conditions of Guaranteed accuracy period: 1 year guaranteed accuracy Guaranteed accuracy period from adjustment made by Hioki: 1 year Temperature and humidity for guaranteed accuracy: 23°C±5°C (73°F±9°F), 80% RH or less Warm-up time: at least 30 minutes Power factor=1, common-mode voltage 0 V, specified after zero-adjustment...
Page 204 When the measurement frequency is set to 400 Hz: ±0.4% rdg.±0.50% f.s. Event threshold See the Dip, Swell, and Interruption sections. Event IN See the Dip, Swell, and Interruption sections. Event OUT See the Dip, Swell, and Interruption sections. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 205 Swell height: Worst value for RMS voltage refreshed each half-cycle [V] Swell duration: Period from the time a U1 to U3 swell is detected until the reading falls below the value calculated by subtracting the hysteresis from the threshold Measurement range 600.00 V HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 206 : Worst value for RMS voltage refreshed each half-cycle [V] Interruption duration : Period from the time a U1 to U3 interruption is detected until the reading ex- ceeds the value obtained by adding the hysteresis to the threshold Measurement range 600.00 V HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 207 Saved waveforms Event waveforms (11) 10-sec frequency (Freq10s) Measurement method Reciprocal method Calculated as the reciprocal of the accumulated whole-cycle time during the specified 10 s period for U1 (reference channel) as per IEC61000-4-30. Displayed item 10-sec frequency HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 208 Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which ±threshold was exceeded Start of first approx. 200 ms aggregation after IN state in which ±threshold was not exceeded Event OUT Multiple-phase system treatment Separate by channel Saved waveforms Event waveforms HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 209 Start of the 200 ms aggregation in which the threshold was exceeded Event OUT Start of the first 200 ms aggregation after the IN state in which the threshold was not exceed Multiple-phase system treatment None Saved waveforms Event waveforms HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 210 Start of the 200 ms aggregation in which the threshold was exceeded Event OUT Start of the first 200 ms aggregation after the IN state in which the threshold was not exceed Multiple-phase system treatment None Saved waveforms Event waveforms HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 211 Calculated based on the ratio of channels' respective active power values (For more information, see "13.8 Calculation Formula" (p.232)) Displayed item Eff1, Eff2 Measurement range 0.00 to 200.00[%] ±1 dgt. for calculations derived from the various measurement values. Measurement accuracy Event threshold HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 212 Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the absolute value was greater than the threshold Event OUT Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the reading was less than (threshold - hysteresis) following the EVENT IN state Multiple-phase system treatment Separate by channel Saved waveforms Event waveforms HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 213 Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the absolute value was less than the threshold Event OUT Start of the approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the reading was greater than (absolute value + hysteresis) following the EVENT IN state Multiple-phase system treatment Separate by channel Saved waveforms Event waveforms HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 214 Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which reading was greater than the threshold Event OUT Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the reading was less than (threshold - hysteresis) Multiple-phase system treatment None Saved waveforms Event waveforms HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 215 Multiple-phase system treatment Separate by channel Saved waveforms Event waveforms High-order harmonic waveform 40 ms from the end of the first approx. 200 ms aggregation interval in which the reading was great- er than the threshold (8000 data points) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 216 (when the threshold is positive) or greater than (threshold + hysteresis) (when the threshold is neg- ative) in the EVENT IN state Multiple-phase system treatment Separate by channel Saved waveforms Event waveforms Constraints When using an AC-only current sensor, the 0th order is not specified for current and power. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 217 Inter-harmonic voltage (Defined for a nominal voltage of at least 100 V.) 1% or greater of harmonic input nominal voltage:: ±5.00% rdg. <1% of harmonic input nominal voltage: ±0.05% of nominal voltage Inter-harmonic current: Unspecified Event threshold Constraints Not displayed for 400 Hz measurement. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 218 Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the absolute value is greater than the threshold. Event OUT Start of the approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the absolute value is less than (threshold - hys- teresis) in the EVENT IN state. Multiple-phase system treatment Separate by channel Saved waveforms Event waveforms HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 219 Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the absolute value was greater than the threshold Event OUT Start of approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the reading was less than (threshold - hysteresis) following the EVENT IN state Multiple-phase system treatment Separate by channel Saved waveforms Event waveforms HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 220 0.0001 to 10000 PU broken into 1024 segments with a logarithm Flicker filter Select 230 V lamp, 120 V lamp. Pst ±5% rdg. (Specified within range 0.1000 to 20.000 using IEC61000-4-15 Class F1 perfor- Measurement accuracy mance test.) Eventt hreshold HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 221 Flagged data are referenced to decide the frequency for an interruption, and are recorded in status informa- tion of the TIME PLOT data. If events of a dip, swell, or interruption are set to off, the values are also flagged. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 222: Screen Specifications
[SYSTEM] Settings cannot be changed, and measured values are updated approx- imately once every 0.5 s. [VIEW] Analysis of event specified on the [TIME PLOT] [EVENT] screen [TIME PLOT] Time series graph display [EVENT] Event display START LED HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 223 CT7731 (100 A): 100 A/50 A CT7736 (600 A): 500 A/50 A CT7742 (2 kA): 5000 A/500 A Current sensor automatic Connected sensors that support the HIOKI PL14 connector are automatically detected when selected on detection the settings screen. Phase names R S T/A B C/L1 L2 L3/U V W ―...
Page 224 When repeated recording is set to 1 week: 1 to 55 count When repeated recording is set to 1 day: 1 to 366 count (When actual time control is enabled, set based on the stop time and date.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 225 (only at 50 Hz)/180 cycle (only at 60 Hz) /1200 cycle (only at 400 Hz) Automatic saving Saves data to the SD memory card for each TIME PLOT interval. Screen copy interval OFF/5 minutes/10 minutes/30 minutes/1 hour/2 hours Outputs the display image to the SD memory card on a regular basis. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 226 See: "5.6 Changing Event Settings" (p.87) (6) [MEMORY] Screen Target interface SD memory card Function Mass storage, saving (of settings data), loading (of settings data, measurement data, event data, screen data, and version upgrade files), deletion of folders and files, and formatting HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 227 SENSE width: OFF SENSE width: OFF Inrush current 200% of reference (Irms 1/2) value Active power Apparent power Reactive power Power factor/displace- ment power factor Voltage unbalance OFF, 3% OFF, 3% OFF, OFF OFF, OFF OFF, 2% factor (zero-phase, negative-phase) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 228 Multiples of 3 Order h Relative voltage (Un) Order h Relative voltage (Un) Order h Relative voltage (Un) 6.0% 5.0% 2.0% 5.0% 1.5% 1.0% 3.5% 0.5% 6...24 0.5% 3.0% 0.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% Un = nominal voltage (Uref) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 229 Display parameter 1 : Inter-harmonics ON/OFF Display selec- (Display of inter-harmonics is not available during 400 Hz mea- tion surement.) Display parameter 2 : Choose from LEVEL (RMS value), % of Fnd (content percent- age), and PHASE (phase angle). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 230 Time series graph of maximum, minimum, and average values for up to 6 items Additional display Event occurrence point display function Event jump function Allows details for specified event to be analyzed on [VIEW] screen. Time-series graph cursors HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 231 No display for 400 Hz measurement (8) IEC flicker list display (when flicker is set to IEC [Pst, Plt]) Display refresh rate Each time Pst is updated Displayed content Pst and Plt values Constraints No display for 400 Hz measurement HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 232 (3) Fluctuation data display (detailed trend graph at event occurrence) Displayed screens Time series graph of fluctuation data at event occurrence Display update rate during Each time a displayed event occurs (display is overwritten) measurement Displayed content Any one of Urms1/2, Irms1/2 or Inrush Cursor measurement HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 233: Event Specifications
When the upper limit or lower limit exceeded event ends, a SENSE END event is generated, and sense function operation terminates. If SENSE and SENSE END overlap, SENSE END will have priority. (SENSE START and SENSE END are not shown on the display.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 234: Gps Time Synchronization Function
When recording is started in the time-corrected state (while the GPS mark is blue), a GPS event is generated when any of the following occur during recording: • GPS error (GPS error): GPS IN • GPS error cleared (GPS positioning): GPS OUT • GPS time correction failure (GPS time error): GPS Err HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 235: Interface Specification
Loading of screen copies (up to 102 files) ⋅ Deleting of files ⋅ Formatting of SD memory cards Media full processing Saving of data to SD memory card is stopped (time series data is stored on a first-in, first-out basis.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 236 [GND] terminal and [EVENT OUT] terminal reverts to high at data reset Rated voltage -0.5 V to +6.0 V Pin assignment Signal name Function Operation EVENT IN Event-in Level EVENT OUT Event-out Level ― Ground ― ― Ground ― HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 237: Other Functions
Function description Sets the language when the instrument is turned on for the first time. Boot key reset Reverts all settings, including the language setting, to the factory defaults. Turn on the instrument while holding down the ENTER keys. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 238: Calculation Formula
(60 Hz). During 400 Hz measurement, the calculation is performed with 80 waveforms. • The voltage waveform peak for CH4 can be calculated regardless of the connection method. c: measured channel, M: number of samples per period, s: number of sampling points HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 239 • Calculated with 10 waveforms (50 Hz measurement) or 12 waveforms (60 Hz measurement). For 400 Hz measurement, the calculation is performed with 80 waveforms. • The CH4 RMS current can be calculated regardless of the connection type. c: measured channel, M: number of samples per period, s: number of sampling points HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 240 • When the power is over-range, efficiency results will also be over-range. • When the power value used as the denominator is 0, the efficiency results will be over-range. c: measured channel, M: number of samples per period, s: number of sampling points HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 241 RMS voltage and fundamental wave RMS current. (For information on the formulae for harmonic voltage, harmonic current, and the sum of apparent power, see each of their calculation formulae.) c: measured channel, k: order for analysis HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 242 The fundamental RMS voltage (phase voltage) from harmonic calculations is used for U1, U2, and U3. For 3-phase 3-wire connections, the value is detected as a line voltage and then converted to a phase voltage. At the negative-phase, seq2=240°, seq3=120° α=U1 phase angle, β=U2 phase angle, γ=U3 phase angle HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 243 • β • ϒ seq2 seq3 seq2 seq3 The fundamental RMS current (phase current) from harmonic calculations is used for I1, I2, and I3. At the negative-phase, seq2=240°, seq3=120° α=I1 phase angle, β=I2 phase angle, γ=I3 phase angle HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 244 • The inter-harmonic voltage content percentage is calculated by dividing the inter-harmonic voltage component for the specified order by the fundamental voltage component and multiplying by 100. • For 60 Hz measurement, the value 10 in the formula is replaced with 12. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 245 100. c: Measurement channel, k: Order of analysis, r: resistance after FFT, i: reactance after FFT However, for 60 Hz measurement, the value 10 in the formula is replaced with 12. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 246 • The K factor is also called the multiplication factor, and indicates the power loss using the harmonic RMS cur- rent for the electrical transformer. c: Measurement channel, k: Order of analysis, r: resistance after FFT, i: reactance after FFT HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 247 • The value K in the equation indicates the total number of analyzed orders. Ithd-R[%] THDIR1 THDIR1 THDIR1 THDIR1 THDIR1 THDIR4 THDIR2 THDIR2 THDIR2 THDIR2 THDIRc= THDIR3 THDIR3  THDIR4 THDIR4 THDIR4 THDIR4 ---------------------------- - ×  • The value K in the equation indicates the total number of analyzed orders. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 248 (Pis): P1s=(P0.7+P1+P1.5)/3, P3S=(P2.2+P3+P4)/3, P10s=(P6+P8+P10+P13+P17)/5, P50s=(P30+P50+P80)/3  Pst n ---------------------------- - • N indicates the number of measurements (N=12). (When N<12, the number of measurements is used as N.) c: measurement channel HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 249 Same applies to Iiharm. Pharm Signed average Average results for all channels are The content percentage is calculated from the sum value totaled. calculated from the level. Uphase See *2 below. See *2 below. Iphase See *2 below. See *2 below. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 250 Pphase average calculation (Channel averaging processing) : Qharmk and Pharmk represent the signed averages for each channel. (Sum averaging processing) Qsumk and Psumk represent the signed averages for each channel. *3: For content percentage and order 0, signed average. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 251: Range Breakdown And Combination Accuracy
Current range Current RMS value* Active power* 500.00 A 0.4% rdg.+0.112% f.s. 0.5% rdg.+0.112% f.s. 50.000 A 0.4% rdg.+0.22% f.s. 0.5% rdg.+0.22% f.s. ≤ ≤ *: When the measurement frequency (f) satisfies the following condition: 45 66 (Hz) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 252 Active power* 500.00 A 2.5% rdg.+1.1% f.s. 2.1% rdg.+0.70% f.s. 2.2% rdg.+0.70% f.s. 50.000 A 2.5% rdg.+6.5% f.s. 2.1% rdg.+6.10% f.s. 2.2% rdg.+6.10% f.s. ≤ ≤ *: When the measurement frequency (f) satisfies the following condition: 45 66 (Hz) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 253 Current RMS value* Active power* 5000.0 A 1.6% rdg.+0.4% f.s. 1.7% rdg.+0.4% f.s. 500.00 A 50.000 A 1.6% rdg.+3.1% f.s. 1.7% rdg.+3.1% f.s. ≤ ≤ *: When the measurement frequency (f) satisfies the following condition: 45 66 (Hz) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 254 Current range Current RMS value* Active power* 5.0000 A 1.1% rdg.+0.16% f.s. 1.2% rdg.+0.16% f.s. 500.00 mA 1.1% rdg.+0.7% f.s. 1.2% rdg.+0.7% f.s. ≤ ≤ *: When the measurement frequency (f) satisfies the following condition: 45 66 (Hz) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 255: Chapter 14 Maintenance And Service
• Clean the vents periodically to avoid blockage. Current Sensor Measurements are degraded by dirt on the facing core surfaces of the current sensor, so keep the surfaces clean by gently wiping them with a soft, dry cloth. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 256: Trouble Shooting
The calibration period varies depending on the status of the instrument and installation environ- ment. We recommend that the calibration period be determined in accordance with the state of the instrument and installation environment. Please contact your Hioki distributor to have your instrument periodically calibrated.
Page 257 When replacing parts, please contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. The service life of parts varies with the operating environment and frequency of use. Parts are not guaranteed to operate throughout the recommended replacement cycle.
Page 258 2% f.s. is not being supplied to U1 (the reference channel). When no apparent cause can be established Perform a system reset. This will return all settings to their factory defaults. See: "5.7 Initializing the Instrument (System Reset)" (p.94) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 259: Error Indication
DRAM error. SRAM error error. SRAM The instrument needs to be repaired. Contact your Invalid FLASH. FLASH error. authorized Hioki distributor or reseller. Invalid ADJUST. Adjustment value error. Invalid Backuped values. more erroneous backed-up system variables have created a conflict.
Page 260 To delete them, use a computer. [HARDCOPY] folder. *** SD card error *** An SD memory card error Contact Hioki with information about the instrument’s SD-CARD ERROR. other than those listed above operational status at the time of the error. occurred.
Page 261 START/ STOP. Contact your authorized Hioki distributor or reseller if a repair should become necessary. Turning on the instrument while the measurement target line is live may damage the instrument, causing an error to be displayed when it is turned on. Always turn on the instrument first and only activate power to the measurement line after verifying that the instrument is not displaying any errors.
Page 262: Disposing Of The Instrument
Remove the 11 screws shown in the follow- ing diagram with the Phillips head screw- driver and remove the battery pack cover and side covers. Side covers Battery pack cover Remove the 2 screws on the front cover. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 263 Upper chassis Insert the tweezers between the battery holder and the battery and lift up the battery to remove it. Lithium battery CALIFORNIA, USA ONLY Perchlorate Material - special handling may apply. See www.dtsc.ca.gov/hazardouswaste/perchlorate HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 264 14.4 Disposing of the Instrument HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 265: Appendix
Apparent power UharmH component High-order harmonic current Reactive power IharmH component Active energy (Consumption) Voltage waveform comparison Wave Active energy (Regeneration) Efficiency Eff1,Eff2 Reactive energy (Lag) WQLAG Harmonic power Pharm (0th to 50th order harmonics) Reactive energy (Lead) WQLEAD HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 266: Appendix 2 Explanation Of Power Supply Quality Parameters And Events
(SAG) short-circuit, a large nized motors and gen- inrush current caused erators to lose by a motor startup or synchronization. other load can occur, causing a temporary voltage dip. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 267 Scherbius machines, events as voltage induction motors, waveform distortions welders, or arc fur- using voltage wave- naces. The term refers form comparison func- to frequency compo- tionality. nents that are not a whole multiple of the fundamental wave. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 268 RMS values. tortions when equip- TVs and radios. component ment power supplies use semiconductor devices. It includes various frequency components. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 269: Appendix 3 Event Detection Methods
Transient waveform (including fundament component) fundament component) The first detected transient wave- The waveform with the largest transient voltage value from the IN to the OUT form after event IN is saved. point is saved at event OUT. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 270 : Start of the approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the reading is greater than ±threshold Event OUT : Start of the approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the reading returns to ± (threshold - 0.1 Hz) Note: Equivalent to 0.1 Hz frequency hysteresis. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 271 Sense : Sense events are detected when the reading is greater than or less than the sense upper limit be- tween the event IN and event OUT. (When event OUT conditions are fulfilled, the event OUT takes precedence.) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 272 : Start of the approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the 3rd-order harmonic voltage reading is greater than the threshold Event OUT : Start of the approx. 200 ms aggregation in which the Hysteresis reading is less than (the threshold - hysteresis) Threshold EVENT EVENT HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 273 Dotted line: Judgment area Solid line: Judgment waveform (measured waveform) Threshold (% of nominal input voltage) Event IN Event IN and OUT: Event IN : First time at which waveform diverges from judgment area Event OUT : None HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 274 Event OUT : Time at the start of the voltage half-cycle waveform in which the RMS current refreshed each half-cycle ex- ceeded (threshold - hysteresis) in the negative direction Voltage waveform Current waveform Event IN Event OUT HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 275 Manual events are detected when the MANU EVENT (manual event) key is pressed. The voltage and cur- rent waveforms and measured values when the external event occurs can be recorded. See: For more information about how to record event waveforms: "Appendix 4 Recording TIME PLOT Data and Event Waveforms" (p.A12) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 276: Appendix 4 Recording Time Plot Data And Event Waveforms
Negative peak value 3 Negative peak value N Example: MAX positive peak value AVG positive peak value MIN positive peak value when interval:1 min, MAX negative peak value AVG negative peak value MIN negative peak value N=300 Recording Recording Recording HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 277 Event waveform record- The result of adding the two waveforms prior to and the two waveforms after the ing period approx. 200 ms aggregation is displayed 50 Hz: 14 cycles as the event waveform. 60 Hz: 16 cycles HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 278 In this way, there is an overlap between the two TIME PLOT intervals. To perform standard-compliant measurement, the TIME PLOT interval must be set to 50 Hz/150 cycles or 60 Hz/180 cycles. Figure. PQ3198 Synchronization Note: 10/12 cycles = 200 ms aggregation HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 279 GPS unit, is not possible, the instrument incorporates a clock capable of operating at a real-time accuracy of within ±1 second per day (within the specified operating temperature and humidity range). HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 280: Appendix 5 Detailed Explanation Of Iec Flicker And Dv10 Flicker
Block 4 Block 5 Average Online statistical analysis smoothing 1st order Square Class Smooth Pst cal- Plt cal- Long interval multi- cate- averaging cula- cula- flicker plier gory filter tion tion Instantaneous Short interval flicker value flicker Pinst HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 281 Flicker Value Indicates the degree of perceptibility (severity) of flicker determined from succes- sive Pst measurements over a 2-hour period. To calculate a moving average of Pst, the displayed value is updated every 10 minutes. Calculation: Σ(Psti) Plt = HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 282 RMS value calculation 1-minute ΔV10 Squar 100 V voltage con- Storage Voltage ΔV10 calcula- e mul- conver- fluctuation ver- waveform tion tiplier sion data sion Waveform data ΔV10 Luminosity coefficient ΔV10 Perceived flicker coefficient Frequency [Hz] HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 283: Appendix 6 Making Effective Use Of Channel 4
AC power supply on channels 1 through 3 when DC power supply distur- bances occur. ±24 V, ±15 V, ±5 V, etc. Used for separate systems Example of DC power supply measure- ment ±24 V, ±15 V, ±5 V, etc. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 284 Although it is necessary to measure a system synchronized to the reference channel in order to obtain accurate measurements, channel 4 can be used to measure a different system than channels 1 through 3 . Used for separate systems Example of 2-system measurement HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 285 Example of 2-system measurement 2 EV quick-charge measurement example Solar power system measurement example HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 286: Appendix 7 3-Phase 3-Wire Measurement
· · · · · · · u · u · u · (from as the precondition of a closed circuit) I – I – I · I · I · u · u · u · ...(2) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 287 In 3P3W2M measurement, the instrument inputs the 3-phase line’s T-phase current as each current’s I2 parameter. For display purposes, a current value of Phase T in the 3-phase line is displayed as the cur- rent I2; and a calculated value of Phase S in the 3-phase line, as the current I3. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 288: Appendix 8 Method For Calculating Active Power Accuracy
= ±0.5% rdg. ±0.22% f.s. ±1.05% rdg. = ±1.55% rdg.±0.22% f.s. Accuracy relative to measured values = active power 30 kW × ± 1.55% rdg. + 90 kW range × 0.22% f.s. = ±0.663 kW = ±0.663 kW/30 kW = ±2.21% rdg. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 289: Appendix 9 Terminology
K factor, or the load on the transformer must be reduced. The replacement transformer should have a K factor one rank higher than the measured K factor for the transformer being replaced. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 290 (When the crest factor is 2 for a 50 A range) When you increase the measurement range, the peak does not exceed the input circuit’s detection range, but because the resolution of the RMS decreases, measurement errors may occur. (Continues on next page) HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 291 -180° (harmonics active power is negative), that order's harmonics are flowing from the load (outflow). Harmonics 90° phase angle and Phase difference Voltage and current phase difference Outflow Inflow LEAD 0° Voltage and current ±180° phase angles -90° Harmonic phase angle HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 292 Sense event Measurement value + Sense Event IN Sense event Measurement value Measurement value - Sense High threshold Sense event High hysteresis Event OUT Measurement value Low hysteresis Low threshold Event IN Sense event Sense event HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 293 Binary data ONE application. The (vector) power obtained by combining active power and reactive power. As its name Apparent power suggests, apparent power expresses the “visible" power and comprises the product of the voltage and current RMS values. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 294 When temporary dimming of lights due to voltage drops occurs frequently, it produces a flickering effect (caused by repeated dimming) that produces an extremely unpleasant visual sensation. Measurement methods can be broadly divided into IEC flicker and ΔV10 flicker. In Japan, the ΔV10 method is most frequently used. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 295 Use this function when you wish to observe a wave- form at the instant an event occurs as well as subsequent changes in the instantaneous waveform. For the PQ3198, a waveform of up to 1 s in duration will be recorded. HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 296 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 297: Index
..........A3, A26 ..............A31 Interruption ..........A3, A28 IP address ............183 ITIC curve ............A25 EN50160 ............ 70, A25 Ethernet (LAN) connection ......179, 185 Event ..............A26 K factor ............. A25 Event icon ............69 Key lock .............. 24 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 298 VT(PT) ..............49 Remaining storage time ........165 Remote control ......... 181, 186 Repair ............... 250 Repeat Record ........... 81 Warm-up ............50, 53 Replaceable parts and operating lifetimes ..251 When the memory is full ........79 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 299 Index Index Wiring ..............73 Zero adjustment ..........53 Zero phase ............A28 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 300 Index Index HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 301 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 302 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 303 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...
Page 304 HIOKI PQ3198A961-03...

This manual is also suitable for:

Pq3198 Pq3198-94

Hioki PQ3198-92 Instruction Manual

Chapter 1 Overview

Chapter 2 Names and Func

Chapter 3 Measurement Prepa

Chapter 4 Configuring the in

Chapter 5 Changing Settings (as Necessary)

Chapter 8 Checking Events (EVENT Screen)

Chapter 9 Data Saving and File Operations (SYSTEM-MEMORY Screen)

Chapter 10 Analyzing Data

Chapter 11 Connecting External Devices

Chapter 12 Operation with a Computer

Chapter 13 Specifications

Chapter 14 Maintenance and Service

Appendix

Appendix 1 Fundamental Measurement Items

Appendix 2 Explanation of Power Supply Quality Parameters and Events

Appendix 3 Event Detection Methods

Appendix 4 Recording TIME PLOT Data and Event Waveforms

Appendix 5 Detailed Explanation of IEC Flicker and DV10 Flicker

Appendix 6 Making Effective Use of Channel 4

Appendix 7 3-Phase 3-Wire Measurement

Appendix 8 Method for Calculating Active Power Accuracy

Appendix 9 Terminology

Quick Links

Need help?

Questions and answers

Related Manuals for Hioki PQ3198-92

Summary of Contents for Hioki PQ3198-92

This manual is also suitable for:

Table of Contents