Page 1 Express L768 and Express L1.5 HDSL Router/Bridge Express L768 Express L1.5 61202192L1-1B June 1998 USER MANUAL 1202192L1 1202192L2...
Page 2 Ethernet is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Corporation, and Xe- rox Corporation. ExpertISDN (patent number 5,715,241) is a trademark of ADTRAN, Inc. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Novell, NetWare, and Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) are registered trademarks of Novell, Inc.
Page 3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. • Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by ADTRAN will void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
Page 4 CANADIAN EMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference-causing equipment standard enti- tled "Digital Apparatus," ICES-003 of the Department of Communications. Cet appareil nuerique respecte les limites de bruits radioelectriques applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class A prescrites dans la norme sur le materiel brouilleur: "Appareils Numeriques,"...
Page 5: Table Of Contents
Quick Startup Guide ... 1 Setting up the HDSL Line ... 1 Chapter 1. Understanding HDSL and the Express L768/L1.5 ... 3 HDSL Overview ... 3 The Express L768/L1.5 ... 4 Applications ... 5 Single User to Corporate LAN ... 5 Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 768...
Page 6 IP/NAT ... 29 NAT/DHCP Mode... 29 NAT/DHCP Renewal Time... 29 NAT/Web Server ... 29 NAT/Default IP... 30 IP/DNS... 30 DNS/Domain Name ... 30 DNS/Server 1... 30 DNS/Server 2... 30 IP/UDP Relay... 31 UDP Relay/Mode... 31 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 7 Bridge Group 2/Path Cost... 41 Bridge Group 1/Priority ... 41 Bridge/Address Table ... 41 Address Table/Aging... 41 Address Table/Forward Policy ... 41 Configuration/Security ... 42 Security/Authentication... 42 Security/Radius Server... 43 Radius Server/Primary Server... 43 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Table of Contents...
Page 8 Configuration/PPP Profile... 56 PPP Profile/Authentication ... 56 Authentication/Tx Method ... 57 Authentication/Tx Username ... 57 Authentication/Tx Password ... 57 Authentication/Rx Username ... 57 Authentication/Rx Password... 57 PPP Profile/IP ... 58 IP/Mode ... 58 IP/NAT... 58 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 9 Communities/Name ... 67 Communities/Privilege ... 67 Communities/Manager IP ... 67 SNMP/Traps... 68 Traps/Manager Name ... 68 Traps/Manager IP ... 68 Management/Maint Port ... 68 Maint Port/Password Protect ... 68 Maint Port/Password... 68 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Table of Contents...
Page 10 Network Log/Wrap ... 81 Network Log/Level... 82 Network Log/View ... 82 Network Log/Clear... 82 Utilities Menu ... 83 Utilities/Ping... 83 Utilities/Telnet Client ... 84 Utilities/Upgrade Menu... 84 Upgrade/Transfer Method... 84 Upgrade/TFTP Host ... 84 Upgrade/Filename ... 84 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 11 Appendix B. Log Messages ... 91 Appendix C. SNMP ... 99 Appendix D. Connector Pinouts ... 103 Appendix E. Terminal Mode Commands... 105 Glossary ... 109 Acronyms ... 119 Index ... 121 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Table of Contents...
Page 12 Table of Contents viii Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 13: List Of Figures
Figure 1-1: Express L768/L1.5... 4 Figure 1-2: Single User to Corporate LAN ... 5 Figure 1-3: Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 768 ... 6 Figure 1-4: SOHO to Corporate LAN ... 7 Figure 1-5: Express L768/L1.5 Front Panels... 10 Figure 1-6: Express L768/L1.5 Rear Panel...
Page 14 List of Figures Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 15: List Of Tables
Table D-A: IBM/AT Style EIA-232 Interface ... 103 Table D-B: RJ-45 HDSL BRI U ... 103 Table D-C: 10BaseT Ethernet ... 104 61202192L1-1 List of Tables Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 16 List of Tables Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 17: Quick Startup Guide
See Appendix D on page 103 for connector pinouts. When the Loop LED(s) remain solid, the Express L768/L1.5 is in synchro- nization. On the Express L768, the Link LED will illuminate to indicate that PPP has successfully negotiated. 61202192L1-1 Quick Startup Guide...
Page 18 Quick Startup Guide Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 19: Chapter 1. Understanding Hdsl And The Express L768/L1.5
HDSL circuits virtually eliminate cross talk and loop impairment prob- lems • Safer class A3 voltages eliminate need for special training or procedures. Adtran provides a full line of HDSL products that are the price/performance leaders in the industry. 61202192L1-1 Understanding HDSL and the Express L768/L1.5...
Page 20: The Express L768/L1.5
(LANs) using a high-speed DSL two-wire or four-wire line. The Express L768 has a two-wire interface and operates up to 768 kbits per second. The Ex- press L1.5 has a four-wire interface and operates up to 1.536 Mbits per second.
Page 21: Applications
Compatible with popular central site LAN access devices POWER 10 BASE T EIA232 10 BT 10 BT 61202192L1-1 Chapter 1: Understanding HDSL and the Express L768/L1.5 Up to 8 kft SDSL Express L768/L1.5 Single User to Corporate LAN Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Server...
Page 22: Frame Relay Connectivity To Adtran Frame Port 768
Chapter 1: Understanding HDSL and the Express L768/L1.5 Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 768 • Telecommuter/Home Office Access to the corporate LAN • Access to any other router within the Frame Relay Network • User Datagram Protocol (UDP) broadcasts are “relayed” to corporate •...
Page 23: Small Office - Home Office (Soho) To Corporate Lan
HDSL link. Applications include connectivity between single user or small offices to corporate LANs. The Express L768/L1.5 uses the Spanning Tree Algo- rithm (IEEE 802.1d-ISO/IEC10038), which provides a loop-free topology and redundancy.
Page 24: Routing And Bridging With The Express L768/L1.5
Bridging In Bridge Mode, the Express L768/L1.5 can be used to connect two LAN seg- ments. In this mode, all protocols are supported because they are transported across the HDSL link at the MAC layer. The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to guarantee a loop-free topology.
Page 25: Ip Routing
The PPP profile will by default negotiate PPP net- work protocols to support the transmission and reception of IP, IPX, and Bridge packets. If the PPP peer does not accept a protocol, the Express L768/ L1.5 will fall back to any combination of routing and bridging.
Page 26: Front Panel
Chapter 1: Understanding HDSL and the Express L768/L1.5 Front Panel Figure 1-5 shows the front panel of the Express L768/L1.5. The indicators are divided into LAN functions, WAN functions, and Test functions. Indicators TX/RX LOOP/LOOP1 LINK/LOOP2 Flashes when transmitting and receiving data on the 10BaseT connector.
Page 27: Rear Panel
Rear Panel The Express L768/L1.5 has one RJ-45 jack, labeled HDSL, on the rear panel for network connection (see Figure 1-6). There are two sets of switches on the back panel. The TO HUB/TO NIC switch allows the Express L768/L1.5 to connect directly to a Network Interface Card (NIC) or a HUB without the need for spe- cial cabling.
Page 28: Security
A RADIUS client can also be used. The Telnet configuration can also be protected using the same authentication methods. Each menu item in the Express L768/L1.5 has a security level asso- ciated with it. A telnet session is assigned a privilege level which determines which menu items are accessible to the telnet client.
Page 29: Chapter 2 Installation
After unpacking the unit, immediately inspect it for possible shipping dam- age. If damage is discovered, file a claim immediately with the shipping car- rier; then contact the ADTRAN Customer and Product Service (CAPS) department (see inside back cover for information).
Page 30: Local Area Network Connection
LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONNECTION The Express L768/L1.5 has a 10BaseT connector that provides half-duplex 10 Mbps operation over a four-wire twisted pair. Place the switch in the TO HUB position when connecting to a 10BaseT concentrator or Hub. Place the switch in the TO NIC position when connecting directly to a computer’s 10BaseT net-...
Page 31: Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation And Structure
The Main menu contains the following options. Configuration The Configuration menu provides options to set up the operational configura- tion for the Express L768/L1.5. See the section Configuration Menu on page 22 for detailed information on the available options. 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 32: Figure 3-1: Top Level Terminal Menu
Menu Path Describes the current position in the terminal menu structure. Left Pane Lists available menus. Mode Describes current operating mode. Loop Status Rate Status Displays current Displays current rate status of HDSL line. of connection. Right Pane Lists available submenus. Additional submenus available through this pane are indicated by the [+] and [DATA] symbols.
Page 33: Status
Status The Status menu provides options to review and monitor the status of the Ex- press L768/L1.5 system. See the section Status Menu on page 70 for detailed in- formation on the available options. Test The Test menu can be used for performing diagnostic testing of the Express L768/L1.5.
Page 34: Navigating The Terminal Menus
Menus that display <+> indicate that an action is to be taken, such as activat- ing a test. Editable Data Field A highlighted menu item indicates that you can enter data in that field. Read-Only Field An underlined field is a display field that contains read-only information. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 35: Navigation With The Keyboard
Refreshes the screen. To save time, only the portion of the screen that has changed is refreshed. This option should be necessary only if the display picks up incorrect characters. 61202192L1-1 Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure General Navigation Session Management Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 36 Connection List by pressing I while the cursor is over the index number. Deletes a list item. For example, delete an item from the Connection List by pressing D while the index number is active. ConÞguration Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 37: Security Levels
Access all parameters except passwords and authentication methods Access all parameters except passwords, authentication methods, and ISDN parameters Access only test and status menus Access status menus only 61202192L1-1 Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 38: Configuration Menu
System Location Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the location of the Express L768/ L1.5. This helps to keep track of the physical location of the unit. You can enter Configuration/System Info Screen Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 39: System Contact
Provides a user-configurable text string for the contact name. This field can contain a name, phone number, or e-mail address of a person responsible for the Express L768/L1.5. You can enter up to 31 alpha-numeric characters in this field, including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar).
Page 40: Configuration/Wan
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration/WAN The WAN menu is used to set up the ISDN parameters for the Express L768/ L1.5. Figure 3-3 shows the WAN menu. WAN/HDSL Write security: 2; Read security: 5 Selects the mode the HDSL line is in.
Page 41: Hdsl/Nebes
Write security: 3, Read security: 5 This parameter specifies the layer 2 data link layer transport used. When se- lected as PPP (def), the Express L768/L1.5 will negotiate PPP over the HDSL interface. This would be used mainly for campus wiring applications. Param- eters for controlling the PPP negotiation are in the Configuration/PPP Profile menu.
Page 42: Configuration/Ip
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration/IP The IP menu is used to set up the IP parameters for the Express L768/L1.5. Any general IP-related configuration item is under this menu. Figure 3-4 shows the IP menu. IP/IP Address Write security: 2;...
Page 43: Ip/Static Routes
15 hops. Static Routes/Private Write security: 4; Read security: 5 When set to No, the Express L768/L1.5 will advertise this static route using RIP. Otherwise, setting to Yes means that the route is kept private. 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 44: Ip/Ip Router
IP Router/Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express L768/L1.5 will advertise and listen to routes from other IP routers. If Off, the route table is still used but only static routes are used for routing IP packets and only the Ethernet port is used.
Page 45: Rip/Direction
NAT/DHCP Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On, the Express L768/L1.5 acts as a DHCP server and will dynamically assign IP, network mask, default gateway, and DNS ad- dresses to any device which transmits a broadcast DHCP request. The ad- dresses assigned are based on the Express L768/L1.5’s own IP address and...
Page 46: Nat/Default Ip
NAT must be initiated from the LAN side of the Ex- press L768/L1.5. Web Server allows a single machine on the NAT side to be accessed from the Internet side of NAT. This provides outside access to a web- server, mail, or ftp server.
Page 47: Ip/Udp Relay
UDP relay agent. UDP Relay/Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express L768/L1.5 will act as a relay agent. UDP Relay/UDP Relay List Up to four relay destination servers can be specified in this list.
Page 48: Ip/Proxy Arp
IP routing table. If the forwarding port is not on the Ethernet port and the route is not the default route, the Express L768/L1.5 will answer the request with its own hardware address. If set to No, the Express L768/L1.5 will only respond to ARP requests received for its own IP address.
Page 49: Configuration/Ipx
Configuration/IPX The IPX menu is used to set up the IPX parameters for the Express L768/L1.5. Any general IPX-related configuration item can be found under this menu. Figure 3-5 shows the IPX menu. IPX/Mode Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express L768/L1.5 will route IPX.
Page 50: Ipx/Frame Type
Ether SNAP (802.2 SNAP). Only one frame type can be used at one time. IPX/Seed Status Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The seed status defines what the Express L768/L1.5 is to do with the network information on the selected frame type during startup. There are three possi- ble seeding selections specified: Seed - The Express L768/L1.5 will listen for an IPX network...
Page 51: Ipx/Sap Timer
IPX/SAP Timer Write security: 3; Read security: 5 This value specifies how often the Express L768/L1.5 sends out IPX SAP (Ser- vice Access Protocol) packets on the network segment attached to the Ethernet port. The SAP packets sent contain information about the services (such as servers, printers, etc.) for which this Express L768/L1.5 is responsible.
Page 52: Configuration/Bridge
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration/Bridge The Bridge menu is used to set up the bridge parameters for the Express L768/ L1.5. The bridging function runs at the Media Access Control (MAC) level which allows any protocol packets that run over Ethernet to be forwarded.
Page 53: Wan Ip Bridge/Network
Configuration/IP/IP Router/RIP menu. WAN IP Bridge/Proxy ARP If this option is set to Yes (def), the Express L768/L1.5 will proxy ARP on the bridge IP port. See the section IP/Proxy ARP on page 32 for an explanation of the proxy ARP function.
Page 54: Wan Ipx Bridge/Network
Spanning Tree/Mode Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When the mode is set to On, the Express L768/L1.5 will participate in the Spanning Tree protocol between other bridges. When Off (def), all bridge ports remain permanently open for forwarding.
Page 55: Spanning Tree/Priority
Spanning Tree/Maximum Age Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the timeout value used by the Express L768/L1.5 to test against the root device. The value is in one-tenth seconds with a range between 60 (6.0 sec- onds) and 400 (40.0 seconds). The default is 200 (20.0 seconds).
Page 56: Lan Port/Path Cost
Bridge Group 2 is part of multiple DLCI destinations when running Bridge (RFC 1490) over Frame Relay. Bridge Group 2/Active Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This setup is exactly like Bridge Group 1 above. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 57: Bridge Group 2/Path Cost
This setup is exactly like Bridge Group 1 above. Bridge/Address Table The Express L768/L1.5 automatically maintains a table of MAC addresses de- tected and associates those addresses with the LAN, WAN0, or WAN1 port from which they were received. WAN 0 represents Bridge Group 1, and WAN1 represents Bridge Group 2.
Page 58: Configuration/Security
None (def) - No attempt is made to authenticate the PPP peer. Radius - The Express L768/L1.5 will act as a RADIUS client and authenticate the PPP peer using the RADIUS server. The Radius server parameters must be set up properly for this to work.
Page 59: Security/Radius Server
Authentication) and for Telnet server sessions. Radius Server/Primary Server Write security: 1; Read security: 2 This is the IP address of the first RADIUS server that the Express L768/L1.5 should attempt to communicate with when authenticating a PPP peer. Radius Server/Secondary Server Write security: 1;...
Page 60: Security/Ppp
CHAP. The following selections are possible: PAP, CHAP or EAP (def) - The Express L768/L1.5 will ask for EAP during the first PPP LCP negotiation and allow the PPP peer to negotiate down to CHAP or PAP.
Page 61: Filter Defines /Mac Filter Defines
Filter Defines /Pattern Filter Defines Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The pattern filter is applied to bridge packets only. That is any packet which is forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express L768/L1.5. Up to 32 pattern defines can be specified. Name...
Page 62: Filter Defines /Ip Filter Defines
> - means protocols greater than < - means protocols less than None - means the protocol is not compared Yes - only when TCP established No - only when TCP not established Ignore - ignore TCP flags Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 63: Filter Defines /Ipx Filter Defines
Type of comparison that is performed: = - means type equal to Not = - means type not equal to > - means type greater than < - means type less than None - no comparison is done on IPX type Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 64: Configuration/Frame Relay
SVCs require setup and tear down and are generally not available from Frame Relay carriers. Virtually all Frame Relay communications is done using PVCs. The Express L768/L1.5 supports PVCs only. A number called the Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) identifies each virtual circuit within a shared physical channel.
Page 65: Frame Relay/Maintenance Protocol
Frame Relay/Polling Frequency Write security: 3, Read security: 5 This parameter is the interval that the Express L768/L1.5 polls the Frame Re- lay switch using the maintenance protocol selected above. The Express L768/ L1.5 is required to poll the Frame Relay switch periodically to determine whether the link is active.
Page 66: Ip Map/Active
DLCI field. This entry is considered the default entry to use when no match occurs. If this default entry is not present, the Express L768/L1.5 falls back to using IARP as in the previous paragraph to determine the protocols to use with that particular virtual circuit.
Page 67: Ip Map/Far-End Ip Address
IP Map/IARP Write security: 3, Read security: 5 When this is set to Yes (def), the Express L768/L1.5 will send Inverse ARP packets in order to determine the IP address on the other end of the virtual cir- cuit. If the IARP is responded to, a route is placed in the IP route table. A set- ting of No means that the route address is to be assigned statically using the IP Map/Far-End IP Address parameter.
Page 68: Ip Map/Rip Direction
IPX Map/Active Write security: 3, Read security: 5 When this is set to Yes (def), the Express L768/L1.5 will attempt to transport IPX packets for this DLCI. A setting of No means that no IPX traffic or route will be exchanged.
Page 69: Ipx Map/Iarp
DLCI becomes active, the Express L768/L1.5 will add a route to this network in the IPX routing table. This address is also used by the Express L768/L1.5 to respond to Inverse ARP requests. If this IPX address is left as 0, the link is treated as unnumbered and the Express L768/L1.5 responds to the Inverse...
Page 70: Dlci Mapping/Filters
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure DLCI Mapping/Filters The Express L768/L1.5 can block packets in and out of a PVC port by use of the filters. They are set up in two steps: 1) define the types of packets that...
Page 71: Filters/Out To Pvc
Filters/Out to PVC Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The packets which transmit out this PVC from the Express L768/L1.5 can be filtered in three ways: Disabled (def) - Turns off packet output filtering. No outgoing packets to this PVC are blocked.
Page 72: Configuration/Ppp Profile
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Configuration/PPP Profile The Express L768/L1.5 uses the PPP profile to specify the profile used when connected using PPP. Figure 3-9 shows the PPP profile menu. PPP Profile/Authentication The authentication menu contains the required parameters for the authentica- tion of the PPP peer and for being authenticated by the PPP peer.
Page 73: Authentication/Tx Method
Authentication/Tx Method Write security: 2; Read security: 3 This parameter specifies how the Express L768/L1.5 is to be authenticated by the PPP peer. There are four possible selections. See Security/PPP on page 44 for an explanation of the three PPP standard authentication types.
Page 74: Ppp Profile/Ip
Internet simultaneously. See the section IP/NAT on page 29 for more global options. Setting this option to On will cause the Express L768/ L1.5 to perform NAT. In the Off (def) position, the unit will route across the connection normally.
Page 75: Route/Force Ip
Route/Force IP Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, the Express L768/L1.5 will force the PPP peer to use the IP address in the IP/Net for this profile as its WAN IP address. Normally this is set in the No (def) position.
Page 76: Rip/Triggered
IPX/Remote Network Write security: 3; Read security: 5 A non-zero value in this remote network number will allow the Express L768/ L1.5 to add a route to the PPP peer’s network to the routing table. The Express L768/L1.5 normally will treat the WAN network as an unnum- bered link.
Page 77: Ppp Profile/Bridge
PPP/VJ Compression Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this item is set to On, the Express L768/L1.5 will perform TCP/IP head- er compression known as Van Jacobson compression to the PPP peer. Normal- ly, this is not necessary over ISDN connections and can be set to Off (def) to disable it.
Page 78: Ppp/Max Config
20. PPP Profile/Filters The Express L768/L1.5 can block packets in and out of a WAN port by use of the filters. They are set up in two steps: 1) define the types of packets that would be of interest in the Configuration/Security/Filter Defines menu, and 2) set up the filter type and combination of defines that will cause a packet block.
Page 79: Filters/In Exceptions
Defines/IP Filter Defines list. from the Configuration/Security/Filter Defines/IPX Filter Defines list. the last filter to combination. logically AND this filter with the next filter in the list. logically OR this filter with the next filter in the list. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 80: Filters/Lan-To-Wan (Out)
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filters/LAN-to-WAN (Out) Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The packets which come out toward the WAN from the Express L768/L1.5 can be filtered in three ways: Disabled (def) - Turns off packet output filtering. No outgoing packets are blocked.
Page 81: Configuration/Management
All sessions require a user name and password. Telnet/Server Access Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This option must be set to On (def) to access the Express L768/L1.5 via Telnet. Turning it Off means that access is denied. 61202192L1-1...
Page 82: Telnet/User List
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Telnet/User List Up to four users can be configured for access to the Express L768/L1.5. Each user can be assigned a privilege and time out. User List/Name Write security: 1; Read security: 3 A text string of the user name for this session.
Page 83: Management/Snmp
Management/SNMP The Express L768/L1.5 is an SNMP agent. It can respond to Get-Requests, Set- Requests, and generate traps. These two lists set up the manager, communi- ties, and levels. See Appendix C on page 99 for more information on SNMP.
Page 84: Snmp/Traps
This is the IP address of the manager that is to receive the traps. Management/Maint Port The Express L768/L1.5 has an EIA-232 connector on the back of the unit. The setup for that port is under this menu. Maint Port/Password Protect Write security: 0;...
Page 85: Maint Port/Data Bits
(def), 1.5 or 2. Configuration/Terminal Mode This is an activator which places the Express L768/L1.5 terminal session into a command prompt mode. All menu options are accessible during this mode. See Appendix E on page 105 for the command structure and command list.
Page 86: Status Menu
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure STATUS MENU The Express L768/L1.5’s Status menu contains comprehensive status and di- agnostic information used in verifying configuration and identifying prob- lems. The menus are divided into protocol types and sessions. Figure 3-11 shows the Status menu.
Page 87: Status/Sessions
Tx Bytes - Number of bytes transmitted Rx Bytes - Number of bytes received Tx Rate - Current application data transmission rate Rx Rate - Current application data reception rate 61202192L1-1 Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 88: Sessions/Dlci Table
Possible ports are fr0, fr1, … , fr9. None means that this DLCI not used for routing IPX. Bridge Group - The bridge group that this DLCI belongs to (Group 1 or Group 2). None means that this DLCI is not used for bridging. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 89: Sessions/Spanning Tree
Blocking - Port is in the blocked state Status/ARP Cache Read security: 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768/L1.5’s ARP table. All resolved cache entries time out after 20 minutes. Unresolved entries time out in 3 min- utes.
Page 90: Status/Bridge Table
- Express L768/L1.5’s ethernet port wan0 - Express L768/L1.5’s first PPP bundle fr 0 . . . fr 9 - Express L768/L1.5 is connected up to 10 DLCIs IP Routes /Use - Number of times the Express L768/L1.5 has...
Page 91: Status/Ipx Routes
- Express L768/L1.5’s ethernet port wan0 - Express L768/L1.5’s first PPP bundle fr 0 . . . fr 9 - Express L768/L1.5 is connected up to 10 DLCIs IPX Routes /Use - Number of times the Express L768/L1.5 has...
Page 92: Status/Wan Stats
Giants - total packets received that were greater than 1518 bytes Runts - total packets received that were less than 64 bytes Rx Collisions - total collision occurred during reception Clear Counts - When activated, clears all LAN Stat counts. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 93: Status/Ip Stats
Routeless discards Default TTL Bad IP addresses Successful fragments Bad header packets Sent datagrams to upper layers Datagrams discarded Bad protocol discards Clear Counts - clears all IP stats 61202192L1-1 Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 94: Test Menu
Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure TEST MENU The Express L768/L1.5’s Test menu contains built-in tests that can be used to diagnose problems. Figure 3-12 shows the Test menu screen. The following tests can be run: Test Menu/Echo Request...
Page 95: Logs Menu
The Logs menu contain logs displaying important information about the run- ning condition of the Express L768/L1.5. The logs can be set to capture diag- nostics of error conditions only by way of a log level. The levels are divided...
Page 96: Ppp Log/Active
This clears the log when activated. Logs/Connection Log Information pertaining to the connection over the HDSL link. Connection Log/Active When set to Yes (def), connection events below or equal the log level are logged into the log. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 97: Connection Log/Wrap
When set to Yes (def), new Network events will overwrite old Network events when the log is full. All logging will stop when the log is full and set to No. 61202192L1-1 Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 98: Network Log/Level
Level - Level associated with this event (0-6). Message - Text message for this event. If message is too long to fit on the line, another event appears below it continuing the message. Network Log/Clear This clears the log when activated. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 99: Utilities Menu
UTILITIES MENU The Express L768/L1.5 has utilities embedded in it to help in managing and testing the network and to facilitate software upgrades. Figure 3-14 shows the Utilities menu. Utilities/Ping Write security: 4; Read security: 5 The ping menu is used to send ICMP ping messages to hosts. The following items are under this menu: Start/Stop - Activator to start and cancel a ping test.
Page 100: Utilities/Telnet Client
Utilities/Upgrade Menu Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The Express L768/L1.5’s firmware can be upgraded using this menu. Upgrade/Transfer Method The two methods for upgrading are TFTP and XMODEM. TFTP requires a TFTP server running somewhere on the network. The Express L768/L1.5 starts a TFTP client function which gets the upgrade code from the TFTP serv- er.
Page 101: Upgrade/Start Transfer
XMODEM. If this happens, set a PC terminal emulation program to 9600 baud and attach to the Express L768/ L1.5’s maintenance port. Press Return to display a simple terminal menu for upgrad- ing.
Page 102 Chapter 3: Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 103: Chapter 4. Specification
SPECIFICATIONS AND FEATURES This section describes the standard specifications and features incorporated in the Express L768/L1.5. Network Interface • RJ-45 for HDSL two-wire (Express L768) or four-wire (Express L1.5) ser- vice. • Signal Format: 2B1Q • Max distance per loop: 8000 feet at 26 AWG Ethernet Interface (LAN) Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 10BaseT.
Page 104 Chapter 4: Specifications Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 105: Appendix A. Loop Status Messages
The following messages are defined: Connected This is seen when the Express L768/L1.5 HDSL layer 1 is up. The rate is de- termined by what it is configured for under Configuration/WAN/HDSL/Rate. Echo: Tx: X Rx: Y The current transmit and receive count for the PPP echo request test.
Page 106 Appendix A: Loop Status Messages Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 107: Appendix B. Log Messages
Appendix B Log Messages The Express L768/L1.5 Logs menu contains messages of events that occur. The definitions for some of those log messages are as follows: PPP Log Messages BCP <X> down level 5 Bridge Control Protocol port <X> has been dropped between Express L768/ L1.5 and PPP peer.
Page 108 Link Control Protocol port <X> has been successfully negotiated between Ex- press L768/L1.5 and PPP peer. Link is looped back level 3 The Express L768/L1.5 has dialed a location which is looping back all data. Essentially, it has negotiated PPP with itself. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 109 Appendix B: Log Messages Negot not converging level 2 Negotiation of the LCP layer is unattainable due to misconfiguration or the Ex- press L768/L1.5 or PPP peer is requiring authentication and the other is refus- ing. No IP addr for peer level 2 The Express L768/L1.5 cannot continue the connection because there was no...
Page 110: Call Log Messages
Also, if using RADIUS, check that the server is configured and running properly. Peer refused authen level 3 The PPP peer would not allow the Express L768/L1.5 to authenticate it using the method set in Configuration/Security/PPP. Peer refused SpanTree level 4 The PPP peer would not participate in the Spanning Tree protocol.
Page 111: Network Log Messages
The DHCP server could not add requesting host to ARP table. Installing bad default route: ifnum=<inter> metric=<hops> gw=<ip> level 6 The Express L768/L1.5 did not install a default route because the <inter> or <hops> was zero. Rejecting packet with Source Routing option - src=<srcip> dest=<destip>...
Page 112 Debugging message related to Telnet client function. Telnet Client socket failed level 2 Telnet client function could not open TCP socket. Telnet server connect to <ip> level 4 Telnet server has connected to Telnet client with IP address <ip>. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 113 Debugging message related to Telnet client function. TELNETD: SOCKET creation error level 2 Telnet server could not be started due to TCP socket error. TFTP: can't get to host level 2 TFTP client could not get to host. 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 114 Received error with <message> from TFTP server. TFTP: lost communication level 2 Lost communication to TFTP client or server during transfer. TFTP server: unable to open port level 2 TFTP server function could not open a UDP port. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 115: Appendix C. Snmp
The network manager collects all the data from the various network devices and presents it in a consistent form. 61202192L1-1 Appendix C Express L768/L1.5 User Manual SNMP...
Page 116: Snmp Embedded Agent
These messages are typically encased within informational packets and trans- ported over the LAN or WAN. SNMP Embedded Agent The Express L768/L1.5 supports the following groups from MIB-II: (RFC 1213) • System Group •...
Page 117 Communities The Express L768/L1.5 permits up to eight communities to be defined. The privilege level of each community can be set. The default community is public with read-only privileges. When the IP address is all zeros, any manager of the community can access the Express L768/L1.5.
Page 118 Appendix C: SNMP Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 119: Table D-A
N/A = Not Applicable N/C = Not Connected Loop 1 Loop 1 no connection Loop 2 (Express L1.5 only) Loop 2 (Express L1.5 only) no connection no connection no connection Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Table D-A Table D-B RJ-45 HDSL BRI U...
Page 120: Table D-C
Appendix D: Connector Pinouts 10BT The switch position can be set for either TO NIC or TO HUB on the back panel of the Express L768/L1.5. The rear panel is illustrated in Figure 1-6 on page 11. Switch Position TO NIC...
Page 121: Appendix E. Terminal Mode Commands
The Express L768/L1.5 supports a command line interface. All menu options are configurable and readable from the terminal mode. Additional commands are also available. Menu Commands Every menu item in the menu structure can be accessed through the terminal mode interface. Terminal commands are as follows: top_menu sub_menu1 sub_menu2 …...
Page 122 1 name ÒguestÓ test 2047 status ip 1 gateway sets user name for Telnet user list entry 1 to “guest” starts 2047 test returns the gateway address for IP route table entry 1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 123: Additional Commands
Download/Uploading Configuration The Express L768/L1.5’s configuration can be captured to a text file using the download command. The text file can be edited if required. Upload of the configuration can be accomplished by sending the text file to the Express L768/L1.5 in terminal mode.
Page 124 Appendix E: Terminal Mode Commands Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 125: Glossary
IP address. Bridge A data communications device that connects two or more networks. A bridge stores and forwards complete packets between the networks. Bridges operate at the data-link layer of the OSI model. 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Glossary...
Page 126 A local area network used for connecting computers, printers, workstations, a terminals, servers, etc., within the same building or campus. Ethernet operates over twisted wire and coaxial cable at speeds up to 10 Mbps. Ethernet speci- fies a CSMA/CD. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 127 An IEEE LAN protocol that specifies an implementation of the LLC sublayer of the data link layer. It handles errors, framing, flow control, network layer (Layer 3) service interface, and is used in LANs. 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Glosssary...
Page 128 Interworking with a public switched telephone network is retained. jabber An error condition in which a network device continually transmits garbage onto the network. In IEEE 802.3, a data packet whose length exceeds that pre- scribed in the standard. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 129 Network Address Translation occurs at the borders of stub domains. Its pur- pose is to translate the IP address of passing packets by changing all references of one IP address to another. Translation is performed as per RFC 1631. 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Glosssary...
Page 130 Frame Relay backbone. Routing Information Protocol. A protocol used to exchange routing informa- tion among a set of computers connected by a LAN. RIP uses hop counts as a routing metric. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 131 A loop-free subset of the topology of a network. SPCS Stored Program Controlled Switch. A digital switch that supports call control, routing, and supplementary services provision under software control. All ISDN switches are SPCSs. 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Glosssary...
Page 132 As a general rule, the thicker the cable is, the better the quality of the conversation and the longer cable can be and still get acceptable conversation quality. However, the thicker it is, the more it costs. Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 133 Routes that have been identified by the router to be deleted. They remain in the router’s route table for a specified amount of time with an infinite metric so that all other routers will learn of this router’s intention to delete them. 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Glosssary...
Page 134 Glossary Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 135: Acronyms
HDSL... High-Bit-Rate Digital Subscriber Line HTU-C ... HDSL Terminal Unit-Central HTU-R ... HDSL Terminal Unit-Remote ICMP ... Internet Control Message Protocol ID ... Identification IETF ... Internet Engineering Task Force I/O ... Input/Output IP ... Internet Protocol 61202192L1-1 Express L768/L1.5 User Manual...
Page 136 ... Simple Network Monitoring Protocol SPCS ...Stored Program Controlled Switching System SPID ...Service Profile Identifier TCP ...Transmission Control Protocol TEI...Terminal Endpoint Identifier TFTP ...Trivial File Transfer Protocol UDP ...User Datagram Protocol WAN...Wide Area Network ZIP...Zone Information Protocol Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 137: Index
IPX bridge bridging concurrent routing and bridging demand call log messages channel rate 44, 57 CHAP command line interface command prompt mode commands communities communities/manager IP communities/name communities/privilege concurrent routing and bridging configuration downloading/uploading Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Index...
Page 138 /IPX filter defines filter defines /MAC filter defines filter defines /pattern filter defines 54, 62 filters filters/in exceptions filters/In from PVC filters/LAN-to-WAN (out) filters/out exceptions filters/Out to PVC filters/WAN-to-LAN (in) Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 54, 63 55, 64 61202192L1-1...
Page 139 8, 48 frame relay frame relay connectivity to ADTRAN frame port 768 frame relay/DLCI mapping frame relay/maintenance protocol frame relay/polling frequency frame type front panel front panel indicators GetNextRequest HDSL network connection 3, 13 overview setting up the line...
Page 140 GetResponse network interface network log network log messages network log/active network log/clear network log/level network log/view network log/wrap network manager GetRequest none packets filtering 44, 57 parity 66, 68 password pattern filter defines Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 141 Rx only 8, 9 SAP timer security security levels security menu security/authentication security/filter defines security/PPP security/radius server seed status sessions sessions/DLCI table sessions/PPP session sessions/spanning tree SetRequest signal format 67, 99 SNMP SNMP access Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Index...
Page 142 Trap traps traps/manager IP traps/manager name Tx and Rx Tx methods Tx only type 20 packets UDP port type UDP relay UDP relay list UDP relay list/relay address UDP relay list/UDP port type Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 143 WAN IP bridge/netmask WAN IP bridge/network WAN IP bridge/triggered WAN IPX bridge WAN IPX bridge/frame type WAN IPX bridge/network WAN IPX bridge/seed status WAN IPX bridge/triggered WAN menu 61202192L1-1 WAN stats WAN/HDSL WAN/L2 protocol xmodem Express L768/L1.5 User Manual Index...
Page 144 Index Express L768/L1.5 User Manual 61202192L1-1...
Page 145 Applications Engineering Sales Post-Sale Support Please contact your local distributor first. If your local distributor cannot help, please contact ADTRAN Technical Support and have the unit serial number available. Technical Support Repair and Return If ADTRAN Technical Support determines that a repair is needed, Technical Support will coordinate with the Customer and Product Service (CAPS) de- partment to issue an RMA number.

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Chapter 1. Understanding HDSL and the Express L768/L1.5

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