Page 1 'ZRTGUU".98: 5&5."4QWVGT1$TKFIG" 2CTV"0WODGTU"34253;4.3" &QEWOGPV"0WODGT"834253;4.3/42# #RTKN"3;;;...
Page 2 DMS-100 is a trademark of Northern Telecom, Inc. Ethernet is a trademark of Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Cor- poration, and Xerox Corporation. Expert ISDN (patent number 5,715,241) is a trademark of ADTRAN, Inc. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc.
Page 3 3. If experiencing difficulty with this equipment, please con- tact ADTRAN (see inside back cover) for repair and war- ranty information. The telephone company may require this equipment to be disconnected from the network until the problem is corrected or until it is certain the equip- ment is not malfunctioning.
Page 4 4. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Change or modifications to this unit not expressly ap- proved by ADTRAN will void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
Page 5 ADTRAN YEAR 2000 (Y2K) READINESS DISCLOSURE ADTRAN has established a Year 2000 program to ensure that our products and operations will correctly function in the new millen- nium. ADTRAN warrants that all products meet Year 2000 specifica- tions regardless or model or revision. Information about ADTRAN’s...
Page 6 CANADIAN EMISSIONS REQUIREMENTS This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference- causing equipment standard entitled "Digital Apparatus," ICES-003 of the Department of Communications. Cet appareil nuerique respecte les limites de bruits radioelectriques applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class B prescrites dans la norme sur le materiel brouilleur: "Appareils Numeriques,"...
Page 7 The Load Number (LN) assigned to each terminal device denotes the percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which is used by the device, to prevent overloading. The termination on a loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the re- quirement that the total of the Load Numbers of all devices does not exceed 100.
Page 8 IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS When using your telephone equipment, basic safety precautions should always be followed to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock and injury to persons. The precautions are listed below. 1. Do not use this product near water (for example, near a bath tub, wash bowl, kitchen sink or laundry tub, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool).
Page 9: Table Of Contents
The Express L768 ........
Page 10 NAT/DHCP Mode ....... . 3-15 NAT/DHCP Renewal Time ......3-16 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 11 Address Table/Aging ......3-28 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Table of Contents...
Page 12 IPX/Mode ........3-50 IPX/Remote Network ......3-50 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 13 ARP Cache /MAC Address......3-65 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Table of Contents xiii...
Page 14 PPP Log/Active ........3-74 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 15 Power ..........4-1 Appendix A Loop Status Messages ..... . A-1 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Table of Contents...
Page 16 ........Index-1 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 17 List of Figures Figure 1-1. Express L768 ....... . . 1-2 Figure 1-2.
Page 18 List of Figures xviii Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 19: List Of Tables
Table D-2. RJ-45 HDSL BRI U ......D-1 Table D-3. 10BaseT Ethernet......D-2 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 20 List of Tables Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 21: Quick Startup Guide
SDSL is actually one loop or half rate HDSL. See Specifications on page 4-1 for specifications on maximum distance. If the Express L768 is to be used in a back-to-back configuration, the line mode must be different for each unit.
Page 22 Quick Startup Guide Quick Start-2 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 23: Chapter 1 Understanding Sdsl And The Express L768
Networks (LANs) using a high-speed DSL two-wire line. The Express L768 has a two-wire interface and operates up to 768 kbits per second. See Figure 1-1 for an illustration of the Express L768. The 10BaseT con- nector operates at 10 Mbits per second half duplex and accepts stan- dard ethernet packets encapsulated using IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet II...
Page 24: Applications
Chapter 1. Understanding SDSL and the Express L768 port can connect to any asynchronous terminal emulating a VT 100 terminal for configuration. Applications Single User to Corporate LAN (Figure 1-2) • Telecommuter/Home Office Access to the corporate LAN • Single device access •...
Page 25: Frame Relay Connectivity To Adtran Frame Port 768
Chapter 1. Understanding SDSL and the Express L768 Figure 1-2. Single User to Corporate LAN Frame Relay Connectivity to ADTRAN Frame Port 768 (Figure 1-3) • Telecommuter/Home Office Access to the corporate LAN • Access to any other router within the Frame Relay Network •...
Page 26: Small Office - Home Office (Soho) To Corporate Lan
Chapter 1. Understanding SDSL and the Express L768 Small Office - Home Office (SOHO) to Corporate LAN (Figure 1-4) • Connects the small office or home office to the corporate LAN • Routes IP and Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) traffic from multiple devices to the corporate LAN •...
Page 27 (IEEE 802.1d-ISO/IEC10038), which provides a loop-free topology and redundancy. IP Router: The Express L768 can function as an IP router using the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) for advertising and learn- ing routes among other routers. Static routes may also be entered into the routing table.
Page 28: Routing And Bridging With The Express L768
PPP or Frame Relay. Bridging In Bridge Mode, the Express L768 can be used to connect two LAN segments. In this mode, all protocols are supported because they are transported across the SDSL link at the MAC layer. The Spanning Tree Algorithm can be used to guarantee a loop-free topology.
Page 29: Ipx Routing
RIP and SAP. Concurrent Routing And Bridging The Express L768 can route IP and IPX as well as bridge non-IP/IPX packets simultaneously. The PPP profile will by default negotiate PPP network protocols to support the transmission and reception of IP, IPX, and Bridge packets.
Page 30: Front Panel
Relay connection. Rear Panel The Express L768 has one RJ-45 jack, labeled HDSL, on the rear panel for network connection (see Figure 1-6). There are two sets of switches on the back panel. The TO HUB/TO NIC switch allows the Express L768 to connect directly to a Network Interface Card (NIC) or a HUB without the need for special cabling.
Page 31: Configuration
Chapter 1. Understanding SDSL and the Express L768 The OFF/ON switch block is for factory default and firmware down- loading. With switch 1 in the up or OFF position, the Express L768 will immediately go into a download mode when power is enabled.
Page 32 As already mentioned, a web browser can be used to configure the Ex- press L768. This is accomplished by entering http://10.0.0.1 on any Windows Internet Explorer browser. If the Express L768’s IP address has been changed from the factory default, then 10.0.0.1 should be re- placed by that address.
Page 33: Chapter 2 Installation
ADTRAN Customer and Product Service (CAPS) department (see inside back cover for information). For proper operation of the Express L768, only suitably approved and certified wall plug power supplies with ratings of 12 Vdc, 800 mA, 9.6 watts should be used.
Page 34: Sdsl Overview
This provides a maximum of 768 kbits/sec, which is half the rate of HDSL. LOCAL AREA NETWORK CONNECTION The Express L768 has a 10BaseT connector that provides half-duplex 10 Mbps operation over a four-wire twisted pair. Place the switch in the TO HUB position when connecting to a 10BaseT concentrator or Hub.
Page 35: Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation And Structure
The Express L768 uses a multilevel menu structure containing both menu items and data fields. All menu operations and data display in the terminal menu window. The Express L768 is shipped in the Facto- ry Default configuration. Connect any VT 100 or VT 220 type terminal emulator to the maintenance port.
Page 36: Configuration
UTILITIES > The Utilities menu provides tools for system diagnostics and upgrad- ing the Express L768. See the section Utilities Menu on page 3-77 for de- tailed information on the available options. Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 37: Figure 3-1. Top Level Terminal Menu
Displays list of characters you can use to navi- Help gate the terminal menus (press Control-Z). 8 System Time Displays the current time. See Date/Time on page 3-9 for details on setting the time. Figure 3-1. Top Level Terminal Menu 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 38: Navigating The Terminal Menus
Menus that display [+] or [DATA] indicate that more items are avail- able when selected. Activation Field <+> Menus that display <+> indicate that an action is to be taken, such as activating a test. Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 39: Editable Data Field
Also will dismiss the pop-up help screens. Moves between the left and right panes. Moves to the top of a screen. Moves to the bottom of a screen. Ascends one menu level. Backspace 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual while on a . Press anytime...
Page 40 Inserts a new item in a list. For example, add a new item to the Connection List by pressing number. Deletes a list item. For example, delete an item from the Connection List by pressing Express L768 User Manual while the cursor is over the index while the index number is active. 61203192L1-20...
Page 41: Security Levels
Access all parameters including passwords Access all parameters except passwords Access all parameters except passwords and authentication methods Access all parameters except passwords, authentication methods, and HDSL parameters Access only test and status menus Access status menus only 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 42: Configuration Menu
»» System Location Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Provides a user configurable text string for the location of the Express L768. This helps to keep track of the physical location of the unit. You Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 43: System Contact
Provides a user-configurable text string for the contact name. This field can contain a name, phone number, or e-mail address of a person responsible for the Express L768. You can enter up to 31 alpha-numer- ic characters in this field, including spaces and special characters (such as an under bar).
Page 44: Configuration/Wan
Selects the mode the HDSL line is in. HDSL/Mode Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The Express L768 can be in two modes: HDSL Terminal Unit-Central (HTU-C) or HDSL Terminal Unit-Remote (HTU-R) (def). For HDSL synchronization, one unit must be HTU-C and one must HTU-R.
Page 45: Hdsl/Channel Rate
Write security: 3, Read security: 5 This parameter specifies the layer 2 data link layer transport used. When selected as PPP, the Express L768 will negotiate PPP over the HDSL interface. This is used mainly for campus wiring applications. Parameters for controlling the PPP negotiation are in the Configura- tion/PPP Profile menu.
Page 46: Configuration/Ip
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Configuration/IP The IP menu is used to set up the IP parameters for the Express L768. Any general IP-related configuration item is under this menu. Figure 3-4 shows the IP menu. Figure 3-4. Configuration/IP Screen »»...
Page 47: Ip/Default Gateway
»» IP/Default Gateway Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The default gateway is used by the Express L768 for sending IP pack- ets whose destination address is not found in the route table. If this address is all zeros, then the first WAN connection becomes the de- fault gateway.
Page 48: Static Routes/Private
IP Router/Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express L768 will advertise and listen to routes from other IP routers. If Off, the route table is still used but only static routes are used for routing IP packets and only the Ethernet port is used.
Page 49: Ip/Nat
NAT/DHCP Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On, the Express L768 acts as a DHCP server and will dynamically assign IP, network mask, default gateway, and DNS addresses to any device which transmits a broadcast DHCP re- quest.
Page 50: Nat/Dhcp Renewal Time
SMTP server requests from the WAN are translated and sent to this web server. Normally, communication across NAT must be initiated from the LAN side of the Express L768. Web Server allows a single machine on the NAT side to be accessed from the Internet side of NAT.
Page 51: Dns/Domain Name
UDP relay agent. UDP Relay/Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express L768 will act as a relay agent. UDP Relay/UDP Relay List Up to four relay destination servers can be specified in this list.
Page 52: Ip/Proxy Arp
IP routing table. If the forwarding port is not on the Ethernet port and the route is not the default route, the Ex- press L768 will answer the request with its own hardware address. If 3-18 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 53: Configuration/Ipx
Figure 3-5. Configuration/IPX Screen »» IPX/Mode Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express L768 will route IPX. Setting it to Off will disable all IPX functionality. »» IPX/Network Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The IPX network address for the Ethernet port is set here.
Page 54: Ipx/Frame Type
»» IPX/Seed Status Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The seed status defines what the Express L768 is to do with the net- work information on the selected frame type during startup. There are three possible seeding selections specified:...
Page 55: Ipx/Rip Timer
IPX packets are not bridged. Also, the WAN IP Bridge and WAN IPX Bridge menus allow the WAN connection to bridge packets to the Express L768 but get routed as soon as they arrive at the unit. Figure 3- 6 shows the Bridge menu.
Page 56: Bridge/Mode
Figure 3-6. Configuration/Bridge Screen »» Bridge/Mode Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When this option is set to On (def), the Express L768 bridge function will be enabled. Setting it to Off will disable all bridge functionality. »» Bridge/WAN IP Bridge When IP routing is active, the Express L768 will allow another WAN device to bridge IP packets to it using PPP BCP.
Page 57: Wan Ip Bridge/Netmask
Router/RIP menu. WAN IP Bridge/Proxy ARP If this option is set to Yes (def), the Express L768 will proxy ARP on the bridge IP port. See the section IP/Proxy ARP on page 3-18 for an ex- planation of the proxy ARP function.
Page 58: Wan Ipx Bridge/Frame Type
Spanning Tree/Mode Write security: 2; Read security: 5 When the mode is set to On, the Express L768 will participate in the Spanning Tree protocol between other bridges. When Off (def), all bridge ports remain permanently open for forwarding.
Page 59: Spanning Tree/Priority
Spanning Tree/Maximum Age Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the timeout value used by the Express L768 to test against the root device. The value is in one-tenth seconds with a range between 60 (6.0 seconds) and 400 (40.0 seconds). The default is 200 (20.0 sec- onds).
Page 60: Spanning Tree/Bridge Group 1
Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This is the cost of using the Bridge Group 1 in the total cost of the path. The range is from 1 to 65535 with a default of 1302 (for 768 kbits/sec- ond). 3-26 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 61: Bridge/Address Table
This setup is exactly like Bridge Group 1 above. »» Bridge/Address Table The Express L768 automatically maintains a table of MAC addresses detected and associates those addresses with the LAN, WAN0, or WAN1 port from which they were received. WAN 0 represents Bridge Group 1, and WAN1 represents Bridge Group 2.
Page 62: Address Table/Aging
The Security menu is used to set up the authentication parameters needed to authenticate PPP connection. Also, the filter defines are placed under this menu. Figure 3-7 shows the Security menu. Figure 3-7. Configuration/Security Screen 3-28 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 63: Security/Authentication
Security/Authentication) and for Telnet server sessions. Radius Server/Primary Server Write security: 1; Read security: 2 This is the IP address of the first RADIUS server that the Express L768 should attempt to communicate with when authenticating a PPP peer. Radius Server/Secondary Server Write security: 1;...
Page 64: Radius Server/Udp Port
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Radius Server/UDP Port Write security: 1; Read security: 2 This is the UDP port that the Express L768 should use when commu- nicating with the RADIUS server. The default is 1645, which is the commonly used port.
Page 65: Security/Filter Defines
»» Security/Filter Defines The Express L768 can filter packets based on certain parameters with- in the packet. The method used by the Express L768 allows the high- est flexibility for defining filters and assigning them to a profile. The filters are set up in two steps: (1) defining the packet types, and (2) adding them to a list under the PPP profile or DLCI map.
Page 66: Filter Defines /Mac Filter Defines
Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The MAC filter is applied to bridge packets only. Bridge packets which are forwarded by the bridge functionality of the Express L768 are defined here. Up to 32 MAC defines can be specified. Identifies the filter entry...
Page 67: Filter Defines /Ip Filter Defines
Dst Port Cmpr Type of comparison that is performed means ports equal to not = means port not equal to means port greater than > means port less than < None means the destination port is not compared 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual 3-33...
Page 68: Filter Defines /Ipx Filter Defines
(hexadecimal format) Dest Net 32-bit destination network address Dest Mask Bits in the destination network address which are compared. (hexadecimal for- mat) Src Socket 16-bit value which is the source socket. Range: 0-65535. 3-34 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 69 Type of comparison that is performed: Type Comp means type equal to Not = means type not equal to > means type greater than means type less than < None no comparison is done on IPX type 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual 3-35...
Page 70: Configuration/Frame Relay
SVCs require setup and tear down and are generally not available from Frame Relay carriers. Virtually all Frame Relay communications is done using PVCs. The Express L768 supports PVCs only. A number called the Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) identifies each virtual circuit within a shared physical channel.
Page 71: Frame Relay/Maintenance Protocol
»» Frame Relay/Polling Frequency Write security: 3, Read security: 5 This parameter is the interval that the Express L768 polls the Frame Relay switch using the maintenance protocol selected above. The Ex- press L768 is required to poll the Frame Relay switch periodically to determine whether the link is active.
Page 72: Dlci Mapping/Active
Write security: 3, Read security: 5 When this parameter is set to Yes (def), the mapping is used to deter- mine the protocols used. If set to No, the Express L768 will ignore the virtual circuit with this DLCI. 3-38...
Page 73: Dlci Mapping/Dlci
IP Map/Active Write security: 3, Read security: 5 When this is set to Yes (def), the Express L768 will attempt to trans- port IP packets for this DLCI. A setting of No means that no IP traffic or route will be exchanged.
Page 74 The virtual circuit may require an IP address to be specified at this DLCI interface. This is called a numbered interface. This address is used by the Express L768 to respond to Inverse ARP requests. If this IP address is left as 0.0.0.0, the link is treated as unnumbered and the Express L768 responds to the Inverse ARP with its Ethernet IP ad- dress.
Page 75: Dlci Mapping/Ipx Map
IPX Map/Active Write security: 3, Read security: 5 When this is set to Yes (def), the Express L768 will attempt to transport IPX packets for this DLCI. A setting of No means that no IPX traffic or route will be exchanged.
Page 76: Dlci Mapping/Bridge Map
IPX Map/IARP Write security: 3, Read security: 5 When this is set to Yes (def), the Express L768 will send Inverse ARP packets to determine the IPX network on the other end of the virtual circuit. If the IARP is responded to, a route is placed in the IPX route table.
Page 77: Dlci Mapping/Filters
Bridge Group 1 and Bridge Group 2. DLCI Mapping/Filters The Express L768 can block packets in and out of a PVC port by use of the filters. They are set up in two steps: 1) define the types of packets...
Page 78 Next Oper next filter in the list: the last filter to combination. logically AND this filter with the next filter in the list logically OR this filter with the next filter in the list. 3-44 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 79 DLCI mapping or IP address. This value is the DLCI number used to open an IP session by the Express L768. Any IP packet arriving from the PVC is assumed to be for the Express L768’s IP stack. The destination address in the packet is assigned as the PVC’s link IP ad-...
Page 80: Configuration/Ppp Profile
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure » Configuration/PPP Profile The Express L768 uses the PPP profile to specify the profile used when connected using PPP. Figure 3-9 shows the PPP profile menu. Figure 3-9. Configuration/PPP Profile Screen »» PPP Profile/Authentication...
Page 81: Ip/Mode
The IP menu contains the parameters for exchanging IP data with the PPP peer. IP/Mode Write security: 3; Read security: 5 Setting to On (def) will permit this connection profile to negotiate PPP IPCP with the PPP peer for exchanging of IP packets. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual 3-47...
Page 82: Ip/Nat
Route/Force IP Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When set to Yes, the Express L768 will force the PPP peer to use the IP address in the IP/Net for this profile as its WAN IP address. Normally this is set in the No (def) position.
Page 83: Ip/Rip
The Express L768 performs RIP over the WAN connection when this is set to On (def). RIP/Protocol Write security: 3; Read security: 5 The Express L768 performs version 1, V1 (def), or version 2, V2, of RIP on this WAN connection. RIP/Method Write security: 3; Read security: 5...
Page 84: Ppp Profile/Ipx
This is usually referred to as being a “half-router.” How- ever, a PPP peer which wants to assign a network address to the WAN link can do so, in which case the Express L768 will go into “full- router” mode.
Page 85: Ipx/Triggered
IPX networks. The Type 20 IPX packet is used specifically for this purpose. This causes special handling of this packet by the Express L768. When a router receives this type of pack- et, it rebroadcasts it across all interfaces except the one it is received on and includes the network number of that interface in the data portion of the packet.
Page 86: Ppp Profile/Ppp
PPP/VJ Compression Write security: 3; Read security: 5 When this item is set to On, the Express L768 will perform TCP/IP header compression known as Van Jacobson compression to the PPP peer. Normally, this is not necessary over ISDN connections and can be set to Off (def) to disable it.
Page 87: Ppp Profile/Filters
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» PPP Profile/Filters The Express L768 can block packets in and out of a WAN port by use of the filters. They are set up in two steps: 1) define the types of packets...
Page 88: Filters/In Exceptions
Next Oper the next filter in the list: the last filter to combination. logically AND this filter with the next filter in the list. logically OR this filter with the next filter in the list. 3-54 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 89: Filters/Lan-To-Wan (Out)
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure Filters/LAN-to-WAN (Out) Write security: 2; Read security: 5 The packets which come out toward the WAN from the Express L768 can be filtered in three ways: Turns off packet output filtering. No outgo- Disabled (def) ing packets are blocked.
Page 90: Configuration/Management
Telnet/Web/Server Access Write security: 2; Read security: 5 This option must be set to On (def) to access the Express L768 via Tel- net or via a web browser. Turning it Off means that access is denied. Telnet/Web/User List Up to four users can be configured for access to the Express L768.
Page 91 Write security: 0; Read security: 1 This is the security level privilege that is assigned for this user. See Se- curity Levels on page 3-7 for an explanation of what those levels imply. Level 0 is the default. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual 3-57...
Page 92: Management/Snmp
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure »» Management/SNMP The Express L768 is an SNMP agent. It can respond to Get-Requests, Set-Requests, and generate traps. These two lists set up the manager, communities, and levels. See SNMP on page C-1 for more information on SNMP.
Page 93: Snmp/Traps
This is the IP address of the manager that is to receive the traps. »» Management/Maint Port The Express L768 has an EIA-232 connector on the back of the unit. The setup for that port is under this menu. Maint Port/Password Protect Write security: 0;...
Page 94: Maint Port/Baud Rate
1 (def), 1.5 or 2. » Configuration/Terminal Mode This is an activator which places the Express L768 terminal session into a command prompt mode. All menu options are accessible dur- ing this mode. See Terminal Mode Commands on page E-1 for the com- mand structure and command list.
Page 95: Status Menu
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure STATUS MENU > The Express L768’s Status menu contains comprehensive status and diagnostic information used in verifying configuration and identify- ing problems. The menus are divided into protocol types and ses- sions. Figure 3-11 shows the Status menu.
Page 96: Sessions/Frame Relay
Frame Relay/Port Shows Frame Relay statistics for the WAN port. Port Index Always displays 0 Signal State Displays “up” when the Express L768 is communicating with the Frame Relay switch; otherwise displays “down” Tx Frames Total packets transmitted out Rx Frames...
Page 97: Frame Relay/Dlci Table
Possible ports are fr0, fr1, … , fr9. None means that this DLCI not used for routing IPX. Bridge Group The bridge group that this DLCI belongs to (Group 1 or Group 2). None means that this DLCI is not used for bridging. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual 3-63...
Page 98: Sessions/Spanning Tree
Blocking Port is in the blocked state » Status/ARP Cache Read security: 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768’s ARP table. All resolved cache entries time out after 20 minutes. Unresolved entries time out in 3 minutes. 3-64...
Page 99: Arp Cache/Ip Address
»» Bridge Cache/TTL Seconds until address is removed from table » Status/IP Routes Read security: 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768’s IP router table. »» IP Routes /IP Address Network or host destination address 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 100: Ip Routes /Netmask
Express L768 is connected up to 10 DLCIs fr 0 . . . fr 9 »» IP Routes /Use Number of times the Express L768 has referenced the route »» IP Routes/Flags Important tags associated with this route entry H route is a host route...
Page 101: Ip Routes/Ttl
Express L768’s ethernet port wan0 Express L768’s first PPP bundle fr 0 . . . fr 9 Express L768 is connected up to 10 DLCIs »» IPX Routes/Use Number of times the Express L768 has referenced the route. »» IPX Routes/Hops Number of routers that must go through to get to destination.
Page 102: Ipx Routes/Ticks
Seconds until address is removed from table. Value of 999 means route is static. » Status/IPX Servers Read security: 5 This lists the contents of the Express L768’s IPX server table. »» IPX Servers/Type The server type »» IPX Servers/Name The server name »»...
Page 103: Ipx Servers/Ttl
Multiple Collisions transmission total collisions that resulted in packet be- Excessive Collisions ing dropped total packets deferred due to collisions Deferred Transmissions total carrier sense errors encountered (no Carrier Sense Errors link integrity) 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual 3-69...
Page 104: Status/Ip Stats
Clear Counts - clears all IP stats Datagrams discarded Default TTL Disassembled fragments Discarded routing entries Errorfree discards Failed fragments ICMP messages received ICMP messages sent ICMP packet errors ICMP redirected messages ICMP specif if errors ICMP timeouts received 3-70 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 105 TCP current connections TCP failed attempts TCP passive connections TCP segments received TCP segments sent Total forwarded datagrams Total IP fragments Total TCP resets Total TCP retransmits UDP bad packets UDP datagrams received UDP datagrams sent 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual 3-71...
Page 106: Test Menu
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure TEST MENU > The Express L768’s Test menu contains built-in tests that can be used to diagnose problems. Figure 3-12 shows the Test menu screen. Figure 3-12. Test Screen The following tests can be run: »...
Page 107: Logs Menu
> The Logs menu contain logs displaying important information about the running condition of the Express L768. The logs can be set to cap- ture diagnostics of error conditions only by way of a log level. The lev- els are divided up as follows:...
Page 108: Logs/Ppp Log
»» PPP Log/Clear This clears the log when activated. » Logs/Connection Log Information pertaining to the connection over the HDSL link. 3-74 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 109: Connection Log/Active
» Logs/Network Log Information pertaining to the routing protocols is placed in this log. »» Network Log/Active When set to Yes (def), call events below or equal to the log level are logged into the log. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual 3-75...
Page 110: Network Log/Wrap
Level associated with this event (0-6). Message Text message for this event. If message is too long to fit on the line, another event appears below it continuing the message. »» Network Log/Clear This clears the log when activated. 3-76 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 111: Utilities Menu
Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure UTILITIES MENU > The Express L768 has utilities embedded in it to help in managing and test- ing the network and to facilitate software upgrades. Figure 3-14 shows the Utilities menu. » Utilities/Ping Write security: 4;...
Page 112: Utilities/Telnet Client
Control ] » Utilities/Upgrade Menu Write security: 2; Read security: 3 The Express L768’s firmware can be upgraded using this menu. »» Upgrade/Transfer Method The two methods for upgrading are TFTP and XMODEM. TFTP re- quires a TFTP server running somewhere on the network. The Ex- press L768 starts a TFTP client function which gets the upgrade code from the TFTP server.
Page 113: Upgrade/Status
Use this activator to cancel any TFTP transfer in progress. »» Upgrade/TFTP Server Setting this to Yes allows another Express L768 to upgrade its code us- ing TFTP client. This, in effect, turns on the Express L768 TFTP server function and allows its code to be “cloned.” Setting to No (def) will deny any request from TFTP clients.
Page 114 Chapter 3. Terminal Menu Operation and Structure 3-80 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 115: Chapter 4 Specifications
Specifications Chapter 4 SPECIFICATIONS AND FEATURES This section lists the standard specifications and features incorporated in the Express L768. Network Interface • RJ-45 for HDSL two-wire service. • Signal Format: 2B1Q • Max distance per loop: 9000 feet at 26 AWG Ethernet Interface (LAN) Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 10BaseT.
Page 116 Chapter 4. Specifications Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 117: Appendix A Loop Status Messages
The following messages are de- fined: Connected This is seen when the Express L768 HDSL layer 1 is up. The rate is de- termined by what it is configured for under Configuration/WAN/ HDSL/Rate.
Page 118 Appendix A. Loop Status Messages Rate Status Messages Displays the rate at which the connection has been established. Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 119: Ppp Log Messages
Log Messages Appendix B The Express L768 Logs menu contains messages of events that occur. The definitions for some of those log messages are as follows: PPP LOG MESSAGES BCP <X> down level 5 Bridge Control Protocol port <X> has been dropped between Express L768 and PPP peer.
Page 120 Appendix B. Log Messages CHAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express L768’s username and/or pass- word used for authenticating. Check to make sure the Configuration/ Connection List/Authentication parameters Tx Method, Tx User- name, and Tx Password are correct.
Page 121 Link Control Protocol port <X> has been successfully negotiated be- tween Express L768 and PPP peer. Link is looped back level 3 The Express L768 has dialed a location which is looping back all data. Essentially, it has negotiated PPP with itself. Negot not converging level 2...
Page 122 IP address received from the PPP peer or it was not set in Config- uration/Connection List/IP/Route/IP/Net parameter. No Response from peer level 2 The Express L768 has dialed or answered a call and no PPP negotia- tion packets were seen. PAP authen failed level 3 The PPP peer has rejected the Express L768’s username and/or pass-...
Page 123 Username and Rx Password are correctly entered. Also, if using RA- DIUS, check that the server is configured and running properly. Peer refused authen level 3 The PPP peer would not allow the Express L768 to authenticate it us- ing the method set in Configuration/Security/PPP. Peer refused SpanTree level 4 The PPP peer would not participate in the Spanning Tree protocol.
Page 124: Call Log Messages
TCP ports - all TCP ports are used up unknown error - unknown fatal error has occurred Set timer error - Cannot set real-time clock Software Watch Dog Reset - Software watchdog was not updated Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 125: Network Log Messages
A DHCP response was successfully sent to requesting device. DHCP socket failed level 1 Internal error occurred when attempting to start DHCP server. DHCP: Host not added to ARP table level 2 The DHCP server could not add requesting host to ARP table. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 126 Appendix B. Log Messages Installing bad default route: ifnum=<inter> metric=<hops> gw=<ip> level 6 The Express L768 did not install a default route because the <inter> or <hops> was zero. Rejecting packet with Source Routing option - src=<srcip> dest=<destip> level 4 The Express L768 has dropped a source routed IP packet due to in- valid parameters.
Page 127 Debugging message related to Telnet client function. Telnet Client socket failed level 2 Telnet client function could not open TCP socket. Telnet server connect to <ip> level 4 Telnet server has connected to Telnet client with IP address <ip>. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 128 TELNETD: could not obtain peer ip level 2 Telnet server function could not get IP address of Telnet client. TELNETD: Session failed, error level 2 A Telnet server session has failed because of an error. B-10 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 129 Received error with <message> from TFTP server. TFTP: lost communication level 2 Lost communication to TFTP client or server during transfer. TFTP server: unable to open port level 2 TFTP server function could not open a UDP port. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual B-11...
Page 130 Appendix B. Log Messages B-12 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 131: Understanding Snmp
The agent in that device interprets the incoming request, performs the requested task, and sends its response to the network manager. The network manag- 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual...
Page 132 Trap: This is an unsolicited message issued by a network device to report an operational anomaly or an alarm condition to the network manager. These messages are typically encased within informational packets and transported over the LAN or WAN. Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 133: Snmp Embedded Agent
• Set object Communities The Express L768 permits up to eight communities to be defined. The privilege level of each community can be set. The default community is public with read-only privileges. When the IP address is all zeros, any manager of the community can access the Express L768.
Page 134 Appendix C. SNMP Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 135: Appendix D Connector Pinouts
Connector Pinouts Appendix D Table D-1. IBM/AT Style EIA-232 Interface Name I = Input, O = Output, N/A = Not Applicable, N/C = Not Connected 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Description Carrier Detect Receive Data Transmit Data Data Terminal Ready...
Page 136 Appendix D. Connector Pinouts The switch position can be set for either TO NIC or TO HUB on the back panel of the Express L768. The rear panel is illustrated in Figure 1-6 on page 1- 9. Express L768 User Manual Table D-3.
Page 137: Menu Commands
Terminal Mode Commands Appendix E The Express L768 supports a command line interface. All menu op- tions are configurable and readable from the terminal mode. Addi- tional commands are also available. MENU COMMANDS Every menu item in the menu structure can be accessed through the terminal mode interface.
Page 138 Some examples are listed below: telnet user 1 name “guest” test 2047 status ip 1 gateway Express L768 User Manual sets user name for Telnet user list entry 1 to “guest” starts 2047 test returns the gateway address for IP...
Page 139: Additional Commands
The text file can be edited if required. Up- load of the configuration can be accomplished by sending the text file to the Express L768 in terminal mode. A baud rate of 9600 is strongly recommended when uploading. As soon as the upload has been com- pleted, type to save the new configuration to flash.
Page 140 Appendix E. Terminal Mode Commands Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 141: Acronyms
Telegraphy and Telephony Carrier Detect Customer Premises Equipment Cyclic Redundancy Check CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Detect DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DLCI Data Link Connection Identifier Digital Multiplex Switching Data Terminal Equipment 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Acronyms-1...
Page 142 Integrated Services Digital Network International Standardization Organization Internet Service Provider kbps Kilobits per second Kilohertz Local Area Network Link Control Protocol Local Directory Number Media Access Control Management Information Base Multilink Protocol Maximum Receivable Unit Acronyms-2 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 143 Simple Network Monitoring Protocol SPCS Stored Program Controlled Switching System SPID Service Profile Identifier Transmission Control Protocol Terminal Endpoint Identifier TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol User Datagram Protocol Wide Area Network Zone Information Protocol 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Acronyms Acronyms-3...
Page 144 Acronyms Acronyms-4 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 145: Glossary
Bearer services defined for ISDN are circuit mode and packet mode. BOOTP The Bootstrap Protocol allows a network node to determine certain startup information such as its IP address. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Glossary-1...
Page 146 Channel may also be used to provide packet mode data service. Dataphone Digital Service. AT&T private line service for transmitting data over a digital system. The digital transmission system transmits electrical signals directly, instead of translating the signals into tones Glossary-2 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 147 A routing metric used to measure the distance between a source and a destination. Particularly used by RIP. (1) Communications center, (2) Major routing station for connecting channels, (3) DDS connecting center. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Glossary-3...
Page 148 Since divestiture, any carrier registered with the FCC authorized to carry customer transmissions between LATAs interstate, or if ap- proved by a state public utility commission, intrastate. Includes carri- Glossary-4 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 149 Interworking with a public switched telephone network is retained. jabber An error condition in which a network device continually transmits garbage onto the network. In IEEE 802.3, a data packet whose length exceeds that prescribed in the standard. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Glossary-5...
Page 150 The Layer 3 information that is passed between the CPE and SPCS for signalling. multipoint line A communications line having multiple cable access points. Glossary-6 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 151 Network Termination 1. A unit that provides physical and electro- magnetic termination of the U-interface 2-wire transmission line, con- verts between Layer 1 formats used at the U- and T- reference points, and performs some maintenance functions. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Glossary-7...
Page 152 The method by which a routing algorithm determines one route is bet- ter than another. This information is stored in routing tables. Such ta- Glossary-8 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 153 Generally equivalent to a LATA. SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. SNMP provides a means to monitor and set network configuration and runtime parameters. spanning tree A loop-free subset of the topology of a network. 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Glossary-9...
Page 154 T1 is a standard for digital transmission in North America. Terminal Adaptor. A DCE that connects to the ISDN S-Interface and en- ables non-ISDN terminal equipment to communicate over the ISDN. Glossary-10 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 155 See ISDN. 23B+D In ISDN, also known as the Primary Rate Interface. A circuit with a wide range of frequencies that is divided in twenty-three 64 kbps 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Glossary-11...
Page 156 Routes that have been identified by the router to be deleted. They re- main in the router’s route table for a specified amount of time with an infinite metric so that all other routers will learn of this router’s inten- tion to delete them. Glossary-12 Express L768 User Manual 61203192L1-20...
Page 157 10baseT interface 2-2 2047 loopback 3-72 address table 3-27 address table/aging 3-28 address table/forward policy 3-28 ADTRAN frame port 768 1-3 agent C-1 applications frame relay connectivity to ADTRAN frame port 768 1-3 single user to corporate LAN SOHO to corporate LAN 1-4...
Page 158 DLCI mapping/bridge map 3-42 DLCI mapping/DLCI 3-39 DLCI mapping/filters 3-43 DLCI mapping/IP map 3-39 DLCI mapping/IPX map 3-41 DLCI table 3-63 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual DNS 3-16 DNS server 3-16 DNS/domain name 3-17 DNS/server 1 3-17 DNS/server 2 3-17 domain name 3-17...
Page 159 HDSL/channel rate 3-11 HDSL/FEBEs 3-11 HDSL/mode 3-10 HDSL/NEBEs 3-11 hello time 3-25 indicators 1-8 installation 2-1 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Index interface Ethernet 4-1 network 4-1 IP filter defines 3-33 IP map/active 3-39 IP map/far-end IP address 3-39 IP map/IARP 3-39...
Page 160 3-60 maint port/parity 3-60 maint port/password 3-59 maint port/password protect 3- maint port/stop bits 3-60 maintenance DLCI 3-45 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual maintenance port 3-59 maintenance protocol 3-37 management 3-56 management/maint port 3-59 management/SNMP 3-58 management/Telnet 3-56...
Page 161 PPP profile/PPP 3-52 PPP/max config 3-52 PPP/max failure 3-52 PPP/max timer 3-52 PPP/VJ compression 3-52 proxy ARP 3-18 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Index quick startup guide Quick Start-1 radius 3-57 radius server 3-29 radius server/primary server 3- radius server/retry count 3-30...
Page 162 4-1 environmental 4-1 physical 4-1 power 4-1 split horizon 3-15 3-49 static routes/active 3-13 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual static routes/gateway 3-13 static routes/hops 3-13 static routes/IP address 3-13 static routes/private 3-14 static routes/subnet mask 3-13 status menu 3-2 3-61...
Page 163 3-78 upgrade/TFTP server 3-79 upgrade/transfer method 3-78 user list 3-56 user list/authen method 3-57 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Index user list/idle time 3-57 user list/level 3-57 user list/name 3-57 user list/password 3-57 using keyboard to navigate menu...
Page 164: Index
Index 61203192L1-20 Express L768 User Manual Index-8...
Page 165: Product Support Information
ADTRAN Sales: Applications Engineering Sales Post-Sale Support Please contact your local distributor first. If your local distributor can- not help, please contact ADTRAN Technical Support and have the unit serial number available. Technical Support (888) 4ADTRAN Repair and Return...

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ADTRAN Express L768 Owner's Manual

Chapter 1 Understanding SDSL and the Express L768

Chapter 2 Installation

Chapter 3 Terminal Menu Operation and Structure

Chapter 4 Specifications

Appendix A Loop Status Messages

Appendix B Log Messages

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