SMAR LD291 Operation And Maintenance Instruction Manual
  1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. SMAR Manuals
  4. Transmitter
  5. LD291
  6. Operation and maintenance instruction manual

SMAR LD291 Operation And Maintenance Instruction Manual

Intelligent pressure transmitter
Hide thumbs Also See for LD291:
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

Download this manual

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading
Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the LD291 and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Related Manuals for SMAR LD291

Summary of Contents for SMAR LD291

  • Page 3 Introduction INTRODUCTION The LD291 is a smart pressure transmitter for gauge and level measurement. It is based on a field proven capacitive sensor that provides reliable operation and high performance. The digital technology used in the LD291 enables an easy interface between the field and the control room and several interesting features that considerably reduce the installation, operation and maintenance costs.
  • Page 4 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual NOTE This manual is compatible with version 7.XX.YY, where 7 indicates the software version, XX software release, and YY software emission. The indication 7.XX.YY means that this manual is compatible with any release of software version 7.

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 1 - INSTALLATION GENERAL MOUNTING ELECTRONIC HOUSING WIRING LOOP CONECTIONS 1.10 INSTALLATION IN HAZARDOUS AREAS 1.12 SECTION 2 - OPERATION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION - SENSOR FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION - HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION - SOFTWARE THE DISPLAY SECTION 3 - CONFIGURATION CONFIGURATION FEATURES MANUFACTURING DATA AND IDENTIFICATION...
  • Page 6 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual APPENDIX A - CERTIFICATIONS INFORMATIONS EUROPEAN DIRECTIVE INFORMATION HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS GENERAL INFORMATION HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS APPROVALS IDENTIFICATION PLATES AND CONTROL DRAWING IDENTIFICATION PLATES CONTROL DRAWING APPENDIX B – SRF – SERVICE REQUEST FORM...
  • Page 7 Installation Flowchart INSTALLATION FLOWCHART...
  • Page 8 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual...

  • Page 9: Section 1 - Installation

    There are, however, ways of reducing the effects of temperature, humidity and vibration. The LD291 has a built-in temperature sensor to compensate for temperature variations. At the factory, each transmitter is submitted to a temperature cycle, and the characteristics under different temperatures are recorded in the transmitter memory.
  • Page 10 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Figure 1.1(a) – Dimensional Drawing and Mounting Position for LD291...
  • Page 11 Installation Figure 1.1(b) – Dimensional Drawing and Mounting Position for LD291 - Sanitary...
  • Page 12 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Figure 1.1(c) – Dimensional Drawing and Mounting Position for LD291 – Sanitary...
  • Page 13 Installation Figure 1.1(d) – Dimensional Drawing and Mounting Position for LD291 – Level...
  • Page 14 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Figure 1.1 (e) – Dimensional Drawing and Mounting Position for LD291 – Level (Insertion)
  • Page 15 Process leaks could result in death or serious injury Do not attempt to loosen or remove flange bolts while the transmitter is in service. Replacement equipment or spare parts not approved by Smar could reduce the pressure retaining capabilities of the transmitter and may render the instrument dangerous.

  • Page 16: Electronic Housing

    LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Figure 1.3 – Position of the Transmitter and Taps NOTE The transmitters are calibrated in the vertical position and a different mounting position displaces the zero point. Consequently, the indicator will indicate a different value from the applied pressure.

  • Page 17: Wiring

    "COMM" and "-" terminals. The wiring block has screws on which fork or ring-type terminals can be fastened. See Figure 1.6. Figure 1.5– Wiring Block The LD291 is protected against reverse polarity For convenience there are two ground terminals: one inside the cover and one external, located close to the conduit entries.

  • Page 18: Loop Conections

    LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Loop Connections Connection of the LD291 should be done as in Figure 1.7. Connection in multi-drop configuration should be done as in Figure 1.8. Note that a maximum of 15 transmitters can be connected on the same line and that they should be connected in parallel.
  • Page 19 Installation Figure 1.9 – Load Curve 1.11...

  • Page 20: Installation In Hazardous Areas

    LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Installation in Hazardous Areas Consult the Appendix A for Hazardous Location Approvals. 1.12...

  • Page 21: Section 2 - Operation

    Section 2 OPERATION Functional Description - Sensor The LD291 Series Intelligent Pressure Transmitters uses capacitive sensors (capacitive cells) as pressure sensing elements, as shown in Figure 2.1. Figure 2.1 – Capacitive Cell Where, and P are the pressures in chambers H and L capacitance between the fixed plate on P side and the sensing diaphragm.

  • Page 22: Functional Description - Hardware

    Functional Description - Hardware Refer to the block diagram Figure 2.2. The function of each block is described below. Figure 2.2 – LD291 Block Diagram Hardware Oscillator This oscillator generates a frequency as a function of sensor capacitance.

  • Page 23: Functional Description - Software

    The LD291 shows failure indication at 3.6 mA, if configured for low signal failure. At 21 mA, it will show the indication when configured for high signal failure. In case of low saturation, it will indicate failure at 3.6 mA and for high saturation, 21 mA, and measurements, proportional to the applied...
  • Page 24 LD291- Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Figure 2.3 – LD291 – Software Block Diagram...

  • Page 25: The Display

    Monitoring During normal operation, the LD291 is in the monitoring mode. In this mode, indication alternates between the primary and secondary variable as configured by the user. See Figure. 2.5. The display indicates engineering units, values, and parameters simultaneously with most status indicators.
  • Page 26 DISPLAY DESCRIPTION INIT The LD291 is in initializing after power on. The LD291 is characterization mode. See Section 3 – Trim. CHAR FAIL SENS Sensor failure. Refer to Section 5 - Maintenance. Current output saturated in 3.8 or 20.5 mA. See Section 5 –...
  • Page 27 In the case of the LD291 the "0" address causes the LD291 to control its output current and addresses "1" through "15" place the LD291 in the multidrop mode with current control.
  • Page 28 LD291- Operation and Maintenance, Instruction manual Figure 3.1 – Smar’s Configurator Figure 3.2 – Screen of the Configurator...

  • Page 29: Section 3 - Configuration

    4-20 mA signal, up to 2 km away from the transmitter. Manufacturing Data and Identification The following information about the LD291 manufacturing and identification data is available: TAG - 8 character alphanumeric field for identification of the transmitter;...

  • Page 30: Primary Variable Current Trim

    In most cases, characterization is not required, due to the efficiency of the fabrication procedure. The transmitter will display "CHAR", thus indicating that the characterization process is activated. The LD291 has a parameter to enable or disable the use of the Characterization Table.

  • Page 31: Transmitter Adjustment To The Working Range

    Transmitter Adjustment to the Working Range This function directly affects the transmitter's 4-20 mA output. It is used to define the transmitter's working range; in this document it is referred to as the transmitter's calibration. The LD291 transmitter includes two calibration features: ✔...

  • Page 32: Engineering Unit Selection

    Table 3.1. As the LD291 uses a 4 ½ digit display, the largest indication will be 19999. Therefore, when selecting a unit, make sure that it will not require readouts greater than this limit. For User reference, Table 3.1 presents a list of recommended sensor ranges for each available unit.
  • Page 33 Configuration The user unit may be selected from a list of options included in the LD291. Table 3.2 makes it possible → to associate the new measurement to the new unit so that all supervisory systems fitted with HART protocol can access the special unit included in this table. The user will be responsible for the consistency of such information.

  • Page 34: Equipment Configuration

    5 digit alphanumeric field for units and status information. The LD291 may work with up to two display configurations to be alternately displayed at 2 second intervals. Parameters that may be selected for visualization are those listed on Table 3.4, below.

  • Page 35: Equipment Maintenance

    Counter and Backup/Restore. ✔ ORDER CODE - THE Order Code is the one used for purchasing the equipment, in accordance with the User specification. There are 13 characters available in the LD291 to define this code. EXAMPLE: 9 10 11 12 13...
  • Page 36 LD291- Operation and Maintenance, Instruction manual This option allows copying or restoring the data saved in the sensor memory to the main board memory. 3.10...

  • Page 37: Section 4 - Programming Using Local Adjustment

    ADJUSTMENT The Magnetic Tool Smar's magnetic tool is the second man machine interface. It comprises the advantage of the powerful HHT and the convenience of the magnetic tool. If the transmitter is fitted with a display and configured for Complete Local Adjustment (using the internal jumper), the magnetic tool is almost as powerful as the HHT.

  • Page 38: Simple Local Adjustment

    Table 4.2 - Local Adjustment Description NOTE For LD291 versions prior to a V6.00, the digital display shall be number 214-0108 as per spare parts list for LD291 V6.XX. For LD291 versions V6.XX, the digital display shall be number 400-0559, as per the updated...

  • Page 39: Complete Local Adjustment

    The local adjustment uses a tree structure where, by placing the magnetic tool in (Z) it is possible to browse the options of a branch and by placing it in (S); details of the chosen option are shown. Figure 4.2 shows the LD291 available options. Figure 4.2 – Local Adjustment Programming Tree – Main Menu CONFIGURATION (CONF) - Is the option where the output and display related parameters are configured: unit, primary and secondary display, calibration, and function.

  • Page 40: Configuration Branch (Conf)

    LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Figure 4.3 shows branch CONF with the available options. Figure 4.3 - Local Adjustment Configuration Tree Configuration Branch (CONF) Z: Moves to the TRIM branch. S: Enters the CONFIGURATION branch, starting with function display (LCD_1).

  • Page 41: Range (Range)

    Programming Using Local adjustment Range (RANGE) Function Calibration (RANGE) presents the calibration options as a tree branch, as described on Figure 4.4. Figure 4.4 – Local Range Tree Range Branch (RANGE) Z: Moves to the FUNCT function from range branch. S: Enters the RANGE branch, starting with the function UNIT.
  • Page 42 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Z: Moves to the LRV DECREASE function. S: Increases the Lower Value until the magnetic tool is removed or the maximum limit for the Lower Value is reached. Z: Moves to the URV ADJUSTMENT function.

  • Page 43: Function (Funct)

    Programming Using Local adjustment Z: Moves to the DAMPING function. S: Decreases the Output in transmitter mode, increases the Upper Pressure Value until the magnetic tool is removed or the minimum limit for the Upper Value is reached. Damping (DAMP) Z: Moves to the DAMPING DECREASE function.

  • Page 44: Pressure Trim [Trim]

    LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Table 4.5 – Functions The desired function is activated using (S). Escape leaves function unchanged. Z: Recycles for menu LCD – 1. S: Moves to the CONF function of the main menu. Pressure Trim [TRIM] This field of the tree is used to adjust the digital reading according to the applied pressure.
  • Page 45 Programming Using Local adjustment Lower Pressure Trim (LOWER) Z: Moves to option DECREASES THE LOWER PRESSURE VALUE. S: Adjusts the transmitter's internal reference, increasing the displayed value that will be interpreted as the Lower Pressure value corresponding to the applied pressure. Z: Moves on to function SAVE if the Lower Pressure Trim (LOWER) is running or to the Upper Pressure Trim (UPPER).

  • Page 46: Escape Local Adjustment [Esc]

    LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual Escape Local Adjustment [ESC] This branch of the main tree is used to leave the Local Adjustment mode, placing the Transmitter or Controller in the monitoring mode. Z: Selects the OPERATION branch. S: Escapes to NORMAL DISPLAY mode.

  • Page 47: Section 5 - Maintenance Procedures

    Should the sensor eventually require maintenance, it may not be changed in the field. In this case, the possibly damaged sensor should be returned to SMAR for evaluation and, if necessary, repair. Refer to the item "Returning Materials" at the end of this Section.

  • Page 48: Diagnostic With The Transmitter

    LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual ● Output in Constant Mode. OUTPUT FIXED Transmitter in Multidrop mode. ● OUTPUT SATURATED Pressure out of calibrated Span or in fail-safe state (Output current in 3.8 or 20.5 mA). ● Temperature out of operating limits.
  • Page 49 Check if there is resistance in the 250 Ω line. ● ✔ Power Supply Check output of power supply. The voltage at the LD291 terminals must be between 12 and ● Vdc, and ripple less than 500 mV. ✔ Electronic Circuit Failure ●...

  • Page 50: Disassembly Procedure

    Check the connection (flat cable, male and female connectors). ✔ Type of Sensor Connected to the Main Board Check if the sensor connected to the main board is the one specified for the LD291 model: sensor type shall be hyper - High Performance. ✔ Electronic Circuit Failure Check if the sensor set is damaged, replacing it for a spare one.

  • Page 51: Reassembly Procedure

    Maintenance Procedure WARNING The board has CMOS components, which may be damaged by electrostatic discharges. Observe correct procedures for handling CMOS components. It is also recommended to store the circuit boards in electrostatic-proof cases. Pull the main board out of the housing and disconnect the power supply and the sensor connectors. Reassembly Procedure WARNING Do not assemble with power on.

  • Page 52: Returning Materials

    If it becomes necessary to return the transmitter and/or configurator to Smar, simply contact our office, informing the defective instrument's serial number, and return it to our factory. In order to speed up analysis and solution of the problem, the defective item should be returned with the Service Request Form (SRF –...
  • Page 53 Maintenance Procedure SPARE PARTS Figure 5.1 – Exploded View...

  • Page 54: Ordering Code For Housing

    Magnetic Tool for local adjustment. Palm 8 Mbytes Palm Handheld, including installation and initialization software for the HPC301. ® HART Interface HPI311-V for Palm, including the configuration package for Smar HPC301-SF1-V transmitters and for third party transmitters. ® HPI311-V HART interface.

  • Page 55: Ordering Code For Sensor

    Maintenance Procedure Ordering Code for Sensor 209-0241-M SPARE PART NUMBER FOR PRESSURE GAGE SENSOR Type Range Limits CODE Min. Max. Unit Gage 12.5 mbar Gage -1000 2500 mbar Gage Gage CODE Diaphragm Material and Fill Fluid Hastelloy C276 – Inert Krytox Oil (1) (2) 316L SST - Silicone Oil 316L SST –...
  • Page 56 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual 209-0241-S SPARE PART NUMBER FOR SANITARY PRESSURE SENSOR Type Range Limits Range Limits CODE Min. Max. Unit Min. Max. Unit Sanitary 12.5 mbar 5.02 201.09 Sanitary 62.5 2500 mbar 25.13 1005,45 Sanitary 0.625 157.1...
  • Page 57 Maintenance Procedure 209-241-L SPARE PART NUMBER FOR FLANGED PRESSURE SENSOR Range Limits Range Limits CODE Type Min. Span Unit Min. Span Unit Min. Max. Min. Max. Level 1,25 -200 Note: The range can be extended up to 0.75 LRL and 1.2 URL with small degradation of Level -250 2,08...
  • Page 58 LD291 - Operation and Maintenance Instruction Manual 5.12...

  • Page 59: Section 6 - Technical Characteristics

    Section 6 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS Functional Specifications Process Fluid Liquid, gas or steam. Output Signal and Two-wire, 4-20 mA controlled according to NAMUR NE43 Specification and with superimposed digital Protocol Communication communication (HART Protocol). See the figure below. Power Supply 12 to 45 Vdc. Load Limitation Indicator Optional 4½-digit numerical and 5-character alphanumerical LCD indicator.
  • Page 60 LD291 - Operation Maintenance Instruction Manual 14 MPa (138 bar) for ranges 2, 3, 4. 31 MPa (310 bar) for range 5. For Level Ranges ANSI/DIN (models LD291L): 150#: 6 psia to 235 psi (-0,6 to 16 bar) to 199,4 °F (93 °C) 300#: 6 psia to 620 psi (-0,6 to 43 bar) to 199,4 °F (93 °C)
  • Page 61 Technical Characteristics PRESSURES TABLE FOR SEAL AND LEVEL FLANGES ASME B16.5 2017 STANDARD Maximum Temperature Allowed Material Pressure -29 to Group Class Maximum Pressure Allowed (bar) 19.5 17.7 15.8 13.8 12.1 10.2 51.7 51.7 51.5 50.3 48.3 46.3 42.9 41.4 40.3 68.9 68.9...
  • Page 62 NEMA Type 4X or Type 4, IP66, IP66W*. *The IP68 sealing test (immersion) was performed at 1 bar for 24 hours. For any other situation, please consult Smar. IP66W tested for 200h to according NBR 8094 / ASTM B 117 standard.

  • Page 63: Ordering Code

    Technical Characteristics Ordering Code MODEL GAGE PRESSURE TRANSMITTERS ® LD291M 4-20 mA + HART Type Range Limits CODE Min. Max. Unit Gage 12.5 mbar Gage -1000 2500 mbar Gage Gage CODE Diaphragm Material and Fill Fluid 316L SST - Silicone Oil 316L SST –...
  • Page 64 LD291 - Operation Maintenance Instruction Manual MODEL GAGE PRESSURE TRANSMITTER (CONTINUATION) LD291M CODE Special Procedure Degrease Cleaning (Oxygen or Chlorine Service) CODE Output Signal 4-20 mA 0-20 mA CODE Housing Material (7) Aluminum (IP/TYPE) 316 SST for Saline Atmosphere (IPW/TYPEX) (6)
  • Page 65 Technical Characteristics MODEL SANITARY PRESSURE TRANSMITTERS ® LD291S 4-20 mA + HART Type Range Limits Range Limits CODE Min. Max. Unit Min. Max. Unit Sanitary 12.5 mbar 5.02 201.09 Sanitary 62.5 2500 mbar 25.13 1005.45 Sanitary 0.625 157.10 10054.50 Sanitary 6.25 55.15 90.65...
  • Page 66 LD291 - Operation Maintenance Instruction Manual MODEL SANITARY PRESSURE TRANSMITTERS (CONTINUATION) LD291S CODE Output Signal 4-20 mA 0-20 mA CODE Housing Material (4) Aluminum (IP/TYPE) 316 SST for Saline Atmosphere (IPW/TYPEX) (3) 316 SST (IP/TYPE) Copper Free Aluminum (IPW/TYPEX) (3)
  • Page 67 Technical Characteristics MODEL LEVEL FLANGED PRESSURE TRANSMITTER ® LD291L 4-20 mA + HART Range Limits Range Limits CODE Type Unit Unit Min. Max. Min. Max. Level 12.5 mbar 5.02 201.09 Level 62.5 2500 mbar 25.13 1005.45 Level 0.625 157.10 10054.5 Level 6.25 90.65...
  • Page 68 LD291 - Operation Maintenance Instruction Manual MODEL LEVEL FLANGED PRESSURE TRANSMITTER (CONTINUATION) LD291L CODE Special Procedure Degrease Cleaning (Oxygen or Chlorine Service) For vacuum use CODE Output Signal 4-20 mA 0-20 mA CODE Housing Material (9) Aluminum (IP/TYPE) 316 SST for saline atmosphere (IPW/TYPEX) (8)
  • Page 69 Technical Characteristics MODEL PRESSURE TRANSMITTER WITH EXTENDED PROBE LD291I 4-20 mA Type Range Limits CODE Min. Max. Unit Level 12.5 mbar CODE Diaphragm Material and Fill Fluid 316L SST – Silicon Oil (1) CODE Local Indicator Without Indicator With Indicator CODE Fixing Transmitter User’s specification...
  • Page 70 LD291 - Operation Maintenance Instruction Manual MODEL PRESSURE TRANSMITTER WITH EXTENDED PROBE (CONTINUATION) LD291I CODE Output Signal 4-20 mA 0-20 mA CODE Housing Material (4) Aluminum (IP/TYPE) 316 SST for saline atmosphere (IPW/TYPEX) (3) 316 SST (IP/TYPE) Copper Free Aluminum (IPW/TYPEX) (3)

  • Page 71: European Directive Information

    Consult www.Smar.com for the EC declarations of conformity and certificates. Authorized representative/importer located within the Community: Smar Europe BV De Oude Wereld 116 2408 TM Alphen aan den Rijn Netherlands ATEX Directive 2014/34//EU - "Equipment for explosive atmospheres” The EC-Type Examination Certificate is released by DNV GL Presafe AS (CE2460) and DEKRA Testing and Certification GmbH (CE0158).

  • Page 72: Hazardous Locations Approvals

    Maintenance and Repair The instrument modification or replaced parts supplied by any other supplier than authorized representative of Smar is prohibited and will void the Certification. Marking Label The instrument is marked with type of protection options. The certification is valid only when the type of protection is indicated by the user.
  • Page 73 Appendix A ATEX DNV GL Presafe A/S Explosion Proof (PRESAFE 18 ATEX 12410X) II 2 G Ex db IIC T6 Gb Ta -20 ºC to +60 ºC Options: IP66/68W or IP66/68 Special Conditions for Safe Use Repairs of the flameproof joints must be made in compliance with the structural specifications provided by the manufacturer.
  • Page 74 LD291 - Certifications Information IECEx DEKRA Testing and Certification GmbH Intrinsic Safety (IECEx BVS 19.0015) Ex ia I Ma Ex ia IIC T4/T5/T6 Ga/Gb Supply and signal circuit intended for the connection to an intrinsically safe 4-20 mA current loop Ui = 28 Vdc, Ii = 93 mA, Ci ≤...
  • Page 75 Appendix A (Procedimento P-CQ-FAB-765-05) com tinta Resina Epoxy ou Poliuretano Acrílico Alifático com espessura de camada de tinta de 290 µm a 405 µm e 185 µm a 258 µm, respectivamente. - Os planos de pintura P1 e P2 são permitidos apenas para equipamento fornecido com plaqueta de identificação com marcação para grupo de gases IIB.

  • Page 76: Identification Plates And Control Drawing

    LD291 - Certifications Information Identification Plates and Control Drawing FM Approvals DNV GL Presafe A/S / DEKRA Testing and Certification GmbH...
  • Page 77 Appendix A CEPEL (Centro de Pesquisa de Energia Elétrica)
  • Page 78 LD291 - Certifications Information...
  • Page 79 Appendix A FM Approvals...
  • Page 80 LD291 – Certifications Information A.10...

  • Page 81: Appendix B - Srf - Service Request Form

    (Please, describe the failure. Can the error be reproduced? Is it repetitive?) OBSERVATIONS USER INFORMATION Company: Contact: Title: Section: Phone: Extension: E-mail: Date: Signature: For warranty or non-warranty repair, please contact your representative. Further information about address and contacts can be found on www.smar.com/contactus.asp.
  • Page 82 LD291 – Service Request Form...

Table of Contents