Pcie Adapters And Riser Card Options; Generation 2 And Generation 1 Pcie Adapters - IBM System x3850 X5 Implementation Manual

7.5 PCIe adapters and riser card options

This section describes considerations for determining how to use your PCIe slots, depending
on the types of PCIe riser cards that you have installed. The x3690 X5 is designed to function
in a wide variety of tasks, starting from a high-performance graphics workstation up to a
storage or processing node in a high-performance cluster.

7.5.1 Generation 2 and Generation 1 PCIe adapters

All of the PCIe slots in the x3690 X5 are at the Generation 2 (
additional error correction and addressing advancements, so that all of the slots of this server
exchange data twice as fast as servers with Gen 1 PCIe slots.
Table 7-3 describes the theoretical limits of each of the common types of PCIe adapters.
Remember that theoretical limits are based on the mathematics of the frequency and data
width of the bits that are transmitted over the interface. Theoretical limits do not take into
account the communications needed to maintain the protocols required to interface between
intelligent devices. Theoretical limits also do not take into account the inability to maintain a
steady flow of data in full duplex.
Table 7-3 Theoretical data transfer limits of Gen1 PCIe slot types versus Gen2 PCIe slot types
PCIe slot type
x1
x4
x8
x16
x32
PCIe adapters connect to the processors via the I/O hub. The purpose of the I/O hub is to
combine the various data streams from each of the PCIe slots into a single aggregate link to
the processors by using a dedicated QPI link to each processor. The data transfer rate of the
QPI link is negotiated between the processor and the I/O hub.
Table 4-5 on page 130 shows the QPI link speeds based on the types of installed processors.
The I/O hub supports the highest QPI link speed on the table, which is 6.4 gigatransfers per
second (GT/s). You can adjust the QPI link speed to conserve power by booting into
F1-Setup, then selecting System Settings  Operating Modes, and setting QPI Link
Frequency to values other than the default
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Generation 1 limit
500 MBps
2 GBps
4 GBs
8 GBps
16 GBps
Max Performance
Gen2 ) specification. Gen2 offers
Generation 2 limit
1 GBps
4 GBps
8 GBps
16 GBps
32 GBps
, as shown in Figure 7-14 on