Integrated Heating And Cooling System (Ihka) - BMW 1999-2005 M3 Service Manual

Heating and Air Conditioning
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Integrated heating and cooling
system (IHKA)
The E46 integrated automatic climate
control system (IHKA) offers powerful
cooling and heating, effective
ventilation, and smooth operation in
A/C mode.
The E46 IHKA design includes the
following:
Use of R134a refrigerant only
Single heater core for temperature
regulation
Maximum heating and cooling for
defroster functions
Rear window defogger operation
integrated into the heating/cooling
system
Blower controlled through a final
stage variable resistor
Road speed dependent air
distribution and fresh air volume
Self-calibrating air distribution
stepper motors controlled via
M-bus
Fresh air microfilter system
Electronically regulated A/C
compressor
2/25/2009 11:16 PM