Page 1 Agilent E4418B Power Meter Service Guide REPRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THIS TECHNICAL MANUAL IS AUTHORIZED FOR GOVERNMENT PURPOSES. Agilent Technologies...
Page 3 _________________________________________________________________ Power Meter Service Guide This Power Meter Service Guide for the Agilent Technologies Model E4418B Power Meter being delivered under U.S. Navy Contract Number N00104-07-R-DC15 has been modified to comply with the requirements of that contract. Manual Part Number E4418-90064...
Page 5 Agilent Technologies. Certification Agilent Technologies certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent Technologies further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility,...
Page 6 Legal Information Limitation of Warranty The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance. NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED.
Page 7 Equipment Operation Equipment Operation Warnings and Cautions This guide uses warnings and cautions to denote hazards. WARNING A warning calls attention to a procedure, practice or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or the loss of life.
Page 8 Equipment Operation General Safety Considerations WARNING Before this instrument is switched on, make sure it has been properly grounded through the protective conductor of the ac power cable to a socket outlet provided with protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor, inside or outside the instrument, or disconnection of the protective earth terminal can result in personal injury.
Page 9 Equipment Operation IEC 1010-1 Compliance This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with IEC Publication 1010-1 +A1:1992 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control and Laboratory Use and has been supplied in a safe condition. The instruction documentation contains information and warnings which must be followed by the user to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in a safe condition.
Page 10 List of Related Publications List of Related Publications The Agilent E4418B and Agilent E4419B User’s Guides are also available in the Agilent E4418B/E4419B User's Guide E4418-90065 following languages: Agilent E4418B/E4419B Programming Guide E4418-90066 Agilent E4418B Component Level Information Package E4418-90031 •...
Page 11 Sales and Service Offices Sales and Service Offices For more information about Agilent Technologies test and measurement products, applications, services, and for a current sales office listing, visit our web site: http://www.agilent.com You can also contact one of the following centers and ask for a test and measurement sales representative.
Page 12 Sales and Service Offices Europe: Agilent Technologies Test & Measurement European Marketing Organization P.O. Box 999 1180 AZ Amstelveen The Netherlands (tel) (31 20) 547 9999 Latin America: Agilent Technologies Latin American Region Headquarters 5200 Blue Lagoon Drive, Suite #950 Miami, Florida 33126 U.S.A.
Page 13 Sales and Service Offices Returning Your Power Meter for Service Use the information in this section if you need to return your power meter to Agilent Technologies. Package the Power Meter for Shipment Use the following steps to package the power meter for shipment to Agilent Technologies for service: Fill in a blue service tag (available at the end of this guide) and attach it to the power meter.
Page 14 About this Guide About this Guide Chapter 1: Specifications This chapter lists the power meter’s specifications and describes how to interpret these specifications. Chapter 2: Performance Tests This chapter contains procedures which allow you to test the power meter’s electrical performance to it’s specifications.
Page 15: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Page Specifications..................1 Introduction................... 1-2 Power Meter Specifications ............1-3 Meter ..................1-3 Accuracy .................. 1-4 1 mW Power Reference ............1-5 Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics ....... 1-6 Measurement Speed ............... 1-6 Zero Drift of Sensors .............. 1-6 Measurement Noise..............
Page 16 Equipment ................2-5 Test Setup ................2-5 Procedure ................2-6 Instrument Accuracy Test ............2-7 Specification................2-7 Description................2-7 Test Procedure 1 ..............2-7 Equipment ................2-7 Test Setup ................2-8 Procedure ................2-8 Test Procedure 2 ..............2-11 Equipment ................2-11 Test Setup ................
Page 17 Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment......3-6 Description................3-6 Equipment ................3-8 Procedure ................3-8 Measurement Uncertainty............. 3-10 Display Brightness and Contrast Adjustment ......3-11 Introduction ................3-11 Procedure ................3-11 Theory of Operation ................1 Introduction................... 4-2 A1 Power Supply/Battery Charger ..........4-3 A2 Processor Assembly ..............
Page 18 Troubleshooting .................. 1 Introduction................... 6-2 Suggested Diagnostic Equipment.......... 6-2 Agilent 432A Power Meters & 478A Sensors Additional Information ................... Additional Information ..............A-2 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis Instrument Accuracy Test..1 Measurement Introduction............B-2 Uncertainties ................B-3 Define the Measurand............B-3 Define the Measurement Equation ........B-3 Sensitivity Coefficients Ci:.............
Page 19: Specifications
Specifications...
Page 20: Introduction
Specifications Introduction Introduction This chapter details the power meter’s specifications and supplemental characteristics. Specifications describe the warranted performance and apply after a 30 minute warm-up. These specifications are valid over the power meter’s operating and environmental range unless otherwise stated and after performing a zero and calibration.
Page 21: Power Meter Specifications
Specifications Power Meter Specifications Power Meter Specifications Meter Frequency Range 100 kHz to 110 GHz, power sensor dependent Power Range -70 dBm to +44 dBm (100 pW to 25 W), power sensor dependent Power Sensors Compatible with all Agilent 8480 series power sensors and Agilent E-series power sensors.
Page 22: Accuracy
Specifications Power Meter Specifications Accuracy Instrumentation Absolute: ±0.02 dB (Logarithmic) or ±0.5% (Linear). (Refer to the power sensor linearity specification in your power sensor manual to assess overall system accuracy.) Relative: ±0.04 dB (Logarithmic) or ±1.0% (Linear). (Refer to the power sensor linearity specification in your power sensor manual to assess overall system accuracy.) Zero Set (digital settability of zero): Power sensor dependent (refer to...
Page 23: Mw Power Reference
Specifications Power Meter Specifications 1 mW Power Reference • Power Output: 1.00 mW (0.0 dBm). • Accuracy: (for two years) ±0.9% (0 to 55 ºC). ±0.6% (25±10 ºC). ±0.5% (23±3 ºC). • Frequency: 50 MHz nominal. • SWR 1.06 maximum (1.08 maximum for option 003).
Page 24: Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics
Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Measurement Speed Over the GP-IB, three measurement speed modes are available as shown, along with the typical maximum measurement speed for each mode: • Normal: 20 readings/second • x2: 40 readings/second •...
Page 25: Measurement Noise
Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Measurement Noise Power sensor dependent (refer to Table 1-2 and Table 1-3). Averaging effects on measurement noise. Averaging over 1 to 1024 readings is available for reducing noise. Table 1-3 provides the measurement noise for a particular power sensor with the number of averages set to 16 for normal mode and 32 for x2 mode.
Page 26 Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Table 1-3: Power Sensor Specifications± Power Sensor Zero Drift Measurement Noise Agilent 8481A <±10 nW <110 nW <±10 µW <110 µW Agilent 8481B Agilent 8481D <±4 pW <45 pW <±1 µW <10 µW Agilent 8481H Agilent 8482A <±10 nW <110 nW...
Page 27: Settling Time
Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Settling Time 0 to 99% settled readings over the GP-IB. For Agilent 8480 series power sensors Manual filter, 10 dB decreasing power step: Table 1-4: Settling Time Number of 1024 Averages Settling Time (s) 0.15 (Normal Mode) Response Time (s) 0.15...
Page 28 Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics For Agilent E-series power sensors In FAST mode, within the range -50 dBm to +17 dBm, for a 10 dB decreasing power step, the settling time is 10 ms for the Agilent E4418B and 20 ms for the Agilent E4419B When a decreasing power step crosses the power sensor’s auto-range switch point, add 25 ms.
Page 29 Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Auto filter, default resolution, 10 dB decreasing power step, normal and x2 speed modes: Normal Mode x2 Mode Maximum dBm Maximum dBm 70 ms 40 ms 60 dB 60 dB Typical Power Typical Power Sensor Sensor Settling Settling...
Page 30: Power Sensor Specifications
Specifications Power Meter Supplemental Characteristics Power Sensor Specifications Definitions Zero Set In any power measurement, the power meter must initially be set to zero with no power applied to the power sensor. Zero setting is accomplished within the power meter by digitally correcting for residual offsets. Zero Drift This parameter is also called long term stability and is the change in the power meter indication over a long time (usually one hour) for a constant...
Page 31: Battery Option 001 Operational Characteristics
Specifications Battery Option 001 Operational Characteristics Battery Option 001 Operational Characteristics The following information describes characteristic performance based at a ° temperature of 25 C unless otherwise noted. Characteristics describe product performance that is useful in the application of the product, but is not covered by the product warranty.
Page 32: General Characteristics
Specifications General Characteristics General Characteristics Rear Panel Connectors Recorder Output(s) Analog 0-1 Volt, 1 kΩ output impedance, BNC connector GP-IB Allows communication with an external GP-IB controller. RS-232/422 Allows communication with an external RS-232 or RS422 controller. Male Plug 9 position D-subminiature connector. Remote Input/Output A TTL logic level is output when the measurement exceeds a predetermined limit.
Page 33: Environmental Characteristics
Specifications Environmental Characteristics Environmental Characteristics General Conditions Complies with the requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC. This includes Generic Immunity Standard EN 50082-1: 1992 and Radiated Interference Standard EN 55011:1991/CISPR11:1990, Group 1 - Class A. Operating Environment Temperature 0ºC to 55ºC Maximum Humidity 95% at 40ºC (non-condensing) Minimum Humidity...
Page 34: General
Specifications General General Dimensions The following dimensions exclude front and rear panel protrusions: 212.6 mm W x 88.5 mm H x 348.3 mm D (8.5 in x 3.5 in x 13.7 in) Weight Agilent E4418B, 4.0 kg (8.8 lb) - 5.0 kg (11.0 lb) with option 001 Agilent E4419B, 4.1 kg (9.0 lb) - 5.1 kg (11.2 lb) with option 001 Shipping Agilent E4418B, 7.9 kg (17.4 lb) - 8.9 kg (19.6 lb) with option 001...
Page 35: Remote Programming
Specifications General Remote Programming Interface GP-IB interface operates to IEEE 488.2. RS-232 and RS-422 interfaces are supplied as standard. Command Language SCPI standard interface commands. Agilent E4418B is HP 437B code compatible. Agilent E4419B is HP 438A code compatible Agilent E4418B/E4419B GP-IB Compatibility SH1, AH1, T6, TE0, L4, LE0, SR1, RL1, PP1, DC1, DT1, C0 Non-Volatile Memory Battery...
Page 36 Specifications General 1-18 Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 37: Performance Tests
Performance Tests...
Page 38: Introduction
Performance Tests Introduction Introduction The procedures in this chapter test the power meter’s electrical performance using the specifications in Chapter 1 as the performance standards. All tests can be performed without access to the interior of the power meter. A simpler operational test is included in “Self Test” of the User’s Guide.
Page 39: Equipment Required
Performance Tests Introduction Equipment Required Table 2-1 lists all the equipment required for the adjustments and performance tests. If substitutions must be made, the equipment used must meet the critical specifications. Table 2-1: Required Equipment Equipment Model Number Critical Specification Usage Required Digital Multimeter...
Page 40: Performance Test Record
Performance Tests Introduction Performance Test Record Results of the performance tests may be tabulated in Table 2-8, “Performance Test Record,” on page 2-30. The Performance Test Record lists all of the performance test specifications and the acceptable limits for each specification. If performance test results are recorded during an incoming inspection of the power meter, they can be used for comparison during periodic maintenance.
Page 41: Zero Test
Performance Tests Zero Test Zero Test Specification Electrical Characteristics Performance Limits ±0.0764 µW Accuracy: Zero set (Digital settability of zero) 1. This performance limit is determined by the zero set specification of the power sensor used in the measurement plus the measurement noise. The range ±...
Page 42: Procedure
Performance Tests Zero Test Procedure The following procedure should be performed for the Zero Test. Note The procedure details the key presses required on the Agilent E4418B. For the Agilent E4419B the equivalent key presses should be performed on both channels. 1.
Page 43: Instrument Accuracy Test
Performance Tests Instrument Accuracy Test Instrument Accuracy Test Specification Electrical Characteristics Performance Limits ±0.5% or ±0.02 dB Accuracy 1. This performance limit does not include the corresponding sensor power linearity specification. Description The power meter accuracy is verified for various power inputs. There are two different methods described here that can be used to perform this test, although one of these methods has a relatively high measurement uncertainty values associated with it.
Page 44: Test Setup
Performance Tests Instrument Accuracy Test Test Setup Power Meter Range Calibrator CHANNEL A POWER METER Agilent 11730A Figure 2-2: Instrument Accuracy Test Setup Procedure The following procedure should be performed for the Instrument Accuracy Test. Note The procedure details the key presses required on the Agilent E4418B.
Page 45 Performance Tests Instrument Accuracy Test Note When switching the range calibrator to STANDBY, allow enough time for the range calibrator to settle to its zero value before attempting to zero the power meter. This settling would appear on the power meter display as downward drift. When the drift has reached minimum, (typically less than 60 seconds), the range calibrator is settled.
Page 46 Performance Tests Instrument Accuracy Test Table 2-3: Instrument Accuracy Results (For Indication Only) Channel B Range Channel A Actual Results Calibrator Actual Results (Agilent E4419 Setting B only) 3 µW 3.100 µW 3.230 µW _______________ _______________ 10 µW 9.900 µW 10.10 µW _______________ _______________...
Page 47: Test Procedure 2
Performance Tests Instrument Accuracy Test Test Procedure 2 This test procedure makes use of a 11683A Range Calibrator fitted Note with option H01. The measurement uncertainty of this test procedure is significantly lower than the previously described method (refer to Appendix B for a description of the measurement uncertainty analysis).
Page 48: Procedure
Performance Tests Instrument Accuracy Test Procedure The following procedure should be performed for the Instrument Accuracy Test. Note The procedure details the key presses required on the Agilent E4418B. For the Agilent E4419B the equivalent key presses should be performed on both channels. 1.
Page 49 Performance Tests Instrument Accuracy Test Note When switching the range calibrator to STANDBY, allow enough time for the range calibrator to settle to its zero value before attempting to zero the power meter. This settling would appear on the power meter display as downward drift. When the drift has reached minimum, (typically less than 60 seconds), the range calibrator is settled.
Page 50 Performance Tests Instrument Accuracy Test 14. Set the DC calibrator output to the values shown in Table 2-4. For each setting, set the filter length of the power meter to the corresponding value, and verify that the power meter reading is within the limits shown.
Page 51: Power Reference Level Test
Performance Tests Power Reference Level Test Power Reference Level Test Electrical Performance Conditions Characteristics Limits Power reference 1 mW Internal 50 MHz oscillator factory set to ±0.4% traceable to National Physical Laboratory (NPL), UK. ±0.1% Power reference Guardbanded Test Line Limits. accuracy setting ±0.5% Power reference...
Page 52 Performance Tests Power Reference Level Test If an equivalent measurement system is employed for post-factory test, the power reference oscillator output can again be set to 1 mW ±0.4%. This setting is sufficient to ensure that the power reference oscillator meets the accuracy specification of ±0.5% after 2 years.
Page 53: Equipment
Performance Tests Power Reference Level Test Equipment • Test power meter: Agilent 432A. • Thermistor mount: Agilent 478A option H75 or H76. • Digital voltmeter (DVM): Agilent 3458A. Test Setup Test Power Meter Power Meter Power Digital Voltmeter + input -input comp Thermistor...
Page 54 Performance Tests Power Reference Level Test 4. Preset the power meter: Preset Press , then Confirm on the power meter. Local Set the Agilent 432A RANGE switch to Coarse Zero. Adjust the front panel Coarse Zero control to obtain a zero meter indication. 5.
Page 55: Agilent E-Series Power Sensor Interface Test
Performance Tests Agilent E-Series Power Sensor Interface Test Agilent E-Series Power Sensor Interface Test The Agilent E-series power sensors have their sensor calibration tables stored in EEPROM which enables the frequency and calibration factor data to be downloaded automatically by the power meter. The frequency and calibration factor data have checksums which are compared with the data downloaded by the power meter.
Page 56: Agilent E-Series Power Sensor Functional Test
Performance Tests Agilent E-Series Power Sensor Functional Test Agilent E-Series Power Sensor Functional Test Description This test verifies that the meter/sensor combination can make RF measurements. The Agilent E-series power sensors operate over a 90 dB dynamic range (-70 to +20 dBm). However, since there is an amplifier in these power sensors, the voltages presented to the power sensor connector are always within the range of voltages available from the Agilent 11683A range calibrator.
Page 57 Performance Tests Agilent E-Series Power Sensor Functional Test Preset 2. Press then Confirm Local Zero 3. On the power meter press . Wait approximately Zero 10 seconds for the wait symbol to disappear. Verify that the display reads 0 ±50 pW. 4.
Page 58 Performance Tests Agilent E-Series Power Sensor Functional Test Table 2-6: Functional Test Result Channel B Channel A Overload Error Test Overload Error (Agilent E4419B Only) Low Range, 30 dB pad Upper Range, 30 dB pad Low Range, no pad High Range, no pad 2-22 Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 59: Output Standing Wave Ratio (Swr) Test
Performance Tests Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test Specification Performance Limits Electrical Characteristics (maximum) Output SWR 1.06 1.08 1. For instruments with the 50MHz 1mW output (power ref) connector mounted on the front panel. 2.
Page 60 Performance Tests Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test thermistor mount that can be operated at two different resistances and can accurately measure the power absorbed. The thermistor mount type Agilent 478A with option H75 or option H76 normally operates at a DC resistance of 200Ω...
Page 61: Equipment
Per formance Tests Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test Equipment • Test power meter: Agilent 432A. • Thermistor mount: Agilent 478A option H75 or H76. • Digital voltm eter (DVM): Agilent 3458A. Test Setup Test Power Meter Power Meter Power Digital V oltm eter + input - input...
Page 62 Performance Tests Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test (h) Measure the VCR of the thermistor mount = |Γ | • Record |Γ | = ________ i ) Disconnect the thermistor mount from the network analyzer. ( j ) Change the 432A mount resistance back to 200R. Set the DVM to measure resistance: Connect the DVM between the VRF connector on the rear panel of the Agilent 432A and pin 1 on the thermistor mount end of the sensor...
Page 63 Performance Tests Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test 13.Round off the DVM value to two decimal places. Record this value as • V ___________ 14.Turn the power reference on: System Press Power Ref On More Inputs 15.Round off the DVM reading to two decimal places. Record this value as •...
Page 64 Performance Tests Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test • P ___________ 23.Calculate factor M using equation 2-11 and record the value: Equation 2-11: Γ – ------ ------------------------- - Γ – here: • M ___________ Note The G1 and G2 values G are measured for the thermistor mount (478A) using the network analyzer.
Page 65 Performance Tests Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test Output Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) Test 24.Calculate the value of the output voltage reflection coefficient (|Γ |) using equation 2-12 and record the value: Equation 2-12: 2 Γ M 2 Γ ± 2 Γ...
Page 66: Performance Test Record
Performance Tests Performance Test Record Performance Test Record Model Agilent E4418B/E4419B Power Meter Tested by ___________________________________________ Serial Number _______________________________________ Date _______________ Table 2-8: Performance Test Record Channel A Channel B Test Min Result Actual Actual Max Result Result Result 76.40 nW 76.40 nW Zero Test Instrument Accuracy...
Page 67 Performance Tests Performance Test Record Channel A Channel B Test Actual Actual Result Result Result Result 1, 2 Output Standing Wave 1.06 1, 3 Ratio Test ___________ ___________ 1.08 1. This test is not channel related. 2. For instruments with the 50MHz 1mW output (power ref) connector mounted on the front panel.
Page 68 Performance Tests Performance Test Record 2-32 Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 69: Adjustments
Adjustments...
Page 70: Introduction
Adjustments Introduction Introduction This chapter describes adjustments and checks which ensure proper performance of the power meter. Adjustments are not normally required on any fixed periodic basis, and normally are performed only after a performance test has indicated that some parameters are out of specification.
Page 71: Equipment Required
Adjustments Introduction Equipment Required The adjustment procedures include a list of recommended test equipment. The test equipment is also identified on the test setup diagrams. Post-Repair Adjustments Table 3-1 lists the adjustments related to repairs or replacement of any of the assemblies.
Page 72: Power Reference Oscillator Frequency Adjustment
Adjustments Power Reference Oscillator Frequency Adjustment Power Reference Oscillator Frequency Adjustment Adjustment of the power reference oscillator frequency may also Note affect the output level of the oscillator. Therefore, after the frequency is adjusted to 50.0 ±0.5 MHz, the output level should be checked as described in “Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment”, on page 3-6.
Page 73 Adjustments Power Reference Oscillator Frequency Adjustment 3. Turn the power reference on by pressing Zero on the Agilent E4418B. Power Ref Off On Zero on the More Power Ref Off On Agilent E4419B. 4. Observe the reading on the frequency counter. If it is 50.0 ±0.5 MHz, no adjustment of the power reference oscillator frequency is necessary.
Page 74: Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment
Adjustments Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment Description This test adjusts the power level accuracy of the internal 50 MHz oscillator—also called the power reference oscillator. The power reference oscillator output is factory adjusted to 1 mW ±0.4%. This accuracy includes a performance limit of 0.1% and a system measurement uncertainty figure of 0.3% (traceable to the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), UK).
Page 75 Adjustments Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment Note The power meter may be returned to the nearest Agilent Technologies office to have the power reference oscillator checked and/or adjusted. Agilent 432A Digital Power Meter Power Meter Power Voltmeter INPUT INPUT comp...
Page 76: Equipment
Adjustments Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment By substituting equation 3 into equation 1 and manipulating the result you get: – )R CalibrationFactor – V 4 10 – – comp This quadratic can be solved to give equation 2. The definitions of the terms in equation 2 are: •...
Page 77 Adjustments Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment 3. Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 3-3. The leads should be isolated from ground. Ensure that the power reference oscillator is off. Ensure that both the power meter under test and the Agilent 432A have been powered on for at least 30 minutes before proceeding to the next step.
Page 78: Measurement Uncertainty
Adjustments Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment 14.Remove the power meter’s cover and adjust A2R90 until the DVM indicates the calculated value of V . Refer to Figure 3-4 for the position of A2R90: A2R90 A2L9 A2 Assembly A2J13 Front Panel Figure 3-4: A2R90 Adjustment Location Measurement Uncertainty Refer to Appendix C “Measurement Uncertainty Analysis –...
Page 79: Display Brightness And Contrast Adjustment
Adjustments Display Brightness and Contrast Adjustment Display Brightness and Contrast Adjustment Introduction The following procedure should be performed whenever a front panel assembly or processor assembly are replaced. The brightness is controlled automatically after executing the softkey, located under the softkey menu.
Page 80 Adjustments Display Brightness and Contrast Adjustment 3-12 Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 81: Theory Of Operation
Theory of Operation...
Page 82: Introduction
Theory of Operation Introduction Introduction This chapter describes how each of the power meter’s assemblies operate. A block diagram is included at the end of the chapter giving you an overall view of the power meter’s operation. Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 83: A1 Power Supply/Battery Charger
Theory of Operation A1 Power Supply/Battery Charger A1 Power Supply/Battery Charger The A1 power supply/battery charger is a 20 W, 47 to 440 Hz switching power supply producing three dc voltages, (+5 V, +12 V, -12 V) used to power the subassemblies, and a constant current supply to recharge the optional +12 V rechargeable Battery Module (Agilent Part Number E9287A) when operating from an ac power source.
Page 84: A2 Processor Assembly
Theory of Operation A2 Processor Assembly A2 Processor Assembly The processor assembly contains the microcontroller and associated circuits, the power-on/ standby control and switching, the 1 mW reference calibrator, the recorder outputs, TTL input/output, and the front panel drivers. It provides that platform on which the power meter can run, facilitating the system inputs and outputs.
Page 85 Theory of Operation A2 Processor Assembly The LCD controller on the A3 front panel assembly is configured as a memory mapped peripheral, and as such requires only to be fed with the appropriate address, data and control lines from the microcontroller circuits.
Page 86 Theory of Operation A2 Processor Assembly The microcontroller circuits that control all the above functions, and provide platform for the system software to run on, comprise the microcontroller itself, memory, and clock and logic circuits. The logic circuits have the function of ensuring the correct sequencing and decoding of the control signals for the various peripherals.
Page 87: A3 Front Panel Assembly
Theory of Operation A3 Front Panel Assembly A3 Front Panel Assembly The front panel assembly is made up of a liquid crystal display (LCD), a keypad and, depending on the power meter option, a power reference cable assembly and a sensor cable assembly(s). There are two inputs to the front panel assembly: •...
Page 88: A4 Comms Assembly
Theory of Operation A4 Comms Assembly A4 Comms Assembly The comms assembly contains the circuitry required for remote control of the power meter. This assembly supports parallel and serial interfaces. The GP-IB interface is supported by a protocol controller integrated circuit and two physical interface buffers.
Page 89: A5 Daughter Assembly
Theory of Operation A5 Daughter Assembly A5 Daughter Assembly The A5 daughter assembly is loaded vertically into the A2 processor assembly. The Agilent E4418B has five connectors on the A5 daughter assembly: • two 6-way connectors route the signal lines between the rechargeable battery assembly and the A1 power supply/charger assembly, and provide an interface for the signal lines that are monitored by the A2 processor assembly.
Page 90: A6 Measurement Assembly
Theory of Operation A6 Measurement Assembly A6 Measurement Assembly There is one measurement assembly in the Agilent E4418B and two in the Agilent E4419B. The measurement assembly amplifies and converts the chopped AC signal produced by the power sensor (either Agilent 8480 series power sensors or Agilent E-series power sensors) into a 32 bit digital word.
Page 91 Theory of Operation A6 Measurement Assembly The DSP chip controls the logic which sets the chopper driver voltage and frequency control. For the: • Agilent 8480 series power sensors this is 0 V and -10 V at 217 Hz. • Agilent E-series power sensors this is +7 V and -3 V at 434 Hz.
Page 92: A8 Rechargeable Battery Assembly
Theory of Operation A8 Rechargeable Battery Assembly A8 Rechargeable Battery Assembly The A8 Rechargeable Battery Assembly allows the EPM power meter with option 001 fitted to operate when no AC power input is available. The battery pack contains a health monitoring circuit which the A2 processor assembly can interrogate.
Page 93 Theory of Operation A8 Rechargeable Battery Assembly Remove this page and replace with pullout.fm. Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide 4-13...
Page 94 Theory of Operation A8 Rechargeable Battery Assembly 4-14 Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 95: Replaceable Parts
Replaceable Parts...
Page 96: Introduction
Introduction This chapter contains details of some of the higher level components and assemblies which can be ordered from Agilent Technologies. It also details how to assemble and disassemble the power meter for repair. To order parts contact your local Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office.
Page 97: Assembly Part Numbers
Replaceable Parts Assembly Part Numbers Assembly Part Numbers Reference Agilent Part Description Designator Number Power Supply Assembly 0950-2649 Refer to “Power Supply Assembly Types”, on page 5-5 to help with the selection. 0950-3681 Power Supply and Charger Assembly 0950-3681 (Option 001) Processor Assembly Kit E4418-60031 Refurbished...
Page 98 Replaceable Parts Assembly Part Numbers Reference Agilent Part Description Designator Number A304 Front Panel Assembly for: Agilent E4419B Option 003 E4419-61002 Refurbished E4419-69002 Comms Assembly E4418-60012 Daughter Assembly for: E4418-60015 Agilent E4418B Daughter Assembly for: E4419-60003 Agilent E4419B E4418-60003 Measurement Assembly E4418-60007 Fan Assembly E4418-61004...
Page 99: Power Supply Assembly Types
Replaceable Parts Assembly Part Numbers Reference Agilent Part Description Designator Number Front Power Reference Cable Kit E4418-61811 Rear Power Reference Cable Kit E4418-61813 Power Supply Assembly Types Before ordering an A1 Power Supply Assembly, check connector J2 and compare it to Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2 and select the appropriate model.
Page 100: Front Panel Connector Repair
Replaceable Parts Front Panel Connector Repair Front Panel Connector Repair The front panel assembly is an exchange assembly. However, if front panel sensor cables or power reference cables are faulty they should be replaced by ordering the appropriate kit and following the assembly/disassembly procedure. The instrument accuracy test should then be carried out to verify the functionality of the new part.
Page 101: Firmware Upgrades
Service Offices”, on page -ix for details of your local Service Center. Downloading Firmware Instrument Firmware should be downloaded after the processor board is replaced. Firmware can be accessed by Agilent Technologies Service Centers using the World Wide Web. Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 102: Assembly And Disassembly Guidelines
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines The guidelines in this section describe the removal and replacement of the major assemblies in the Agilent E4418B and Agilent E4419B power meters. Once an assembly has been replaced, refer to “Post-Repair Adjustments”, on page 3-3 to ensure that the correct performance tests and adjustments are carried out.
Page 103: Removing The A1 Power Supply Assembly
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Removing the A1 Power Supply Assembly Remove the power supply cover by lifting it out. Disconnect the line input module from the chassis and power supply assembly. Disconnect the cable assembly from the power supply which connects to the A2 processor assembly.
Page 104: Removing The A2 Processor Assembly
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Removing the A2 Processor Assembly Remove the A5 daughter and A6 measurement assemblies as described on page 5-12. Move the A2 plastic support bracket to its forward position using the two side levers, unclip the flexi-cable retaining bar on the front panel keypad and front panel LCD cable connectors and disconnect the cable.
Page 105: Removing The A4 Comms Assembly
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Removing the A4 Comms Assembly Remove the A2 processor, A5 daughter and A6 measurement assemblies as shown on page 5-10 and page 5-12. Disconnect the line power module from the A1 power supply and the chassis.
Page 106: Removing The A5 Daughter Or A6 Measurement Assemblies5-12
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Removing the A5 Daughter or A6 Measurement Assemblies Disconnect the flex circuit from measurement assembly. Note Care should be taken when disconnecting the flex circuit from the measurement assembly. The flex circuit assembly is released by pushing the connector tab forward and lifting.
Page 107: Removing The A7 Fan Assembly
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Removing the A7 Fan Assembly Remove the A1 power supply assembly as shown on page 5-9. Remove the pins which attach the fan to the chassis. Remove the fan cable connector from the A2 processor assembly to release the fan.
Page 108: Removing The Power Meter Ram Battery (Bt1)
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Removing the Power Meter RAM Battery (BT1) Remove the A2 processor assembly as described on page 5-10. Remove the A2J1 link to disconnect the battery from the rest of the circuitry. Verify the battery protection circuitry by: ensuring that there are no electrical short circuits across the battery terminals.
Page 109: Removing The A3 Front Panel Assembly
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Removing the A3 Front Panel Assembly Disconnect the following cables from the A2 processor assembly: power reference semi-rigid (When replacing use the torques detailed on page 5-18.) front panel keypad front panel LCD Note Care should be taken when disconnecting the front panel keyboard and LCD.
Page 110 Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Replacing the Front Panel Power Sensor Cable Assemblies Remove the front panel from the power meter. (Refer to “Removing the A3 Front Panel Assembly”, on page 5-15 for details on removing the front panel.) Replace the power sensor cable assembly(s) using the replacement kit.
Page 111 Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide 5-17...
Page 112: Replacing The Front Panel Power Reference Cable Assembly5-18
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Replacing the Front Panel Power Reference Cable Assembly Remove the front panel from the power meter. (Refer to “Removing the A3 Front Panel Assembly”, on page 5-15 for details on removing the front panel.) Replace the power reference output cable assembly using the replacement kit and the torques indicated on the following diagrams.
Page 113: Replacing The Rear Panel Power Sensor Cable Assemblies (Options 002 And 003)
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Replacing the Rear Panel Power Sensor Cable Assemblies (Options 002 and 003) Disassemble the power meter to allow access to the rear panel connectors. This is done by following steps 1 through 3 of the A4 comms assembly removal procedure on page 5-11.
Page 114 Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines 5-20 Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 115: Replacing The Rear Panel Power Reference Cable Assembly (Option 003)
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Replacing the Rear Panel Power Reference Cable Assembly (Option 003) Disassemble the power meter down to allow access to the rear panel connectors. (Refer to “Removing the A4 Comms Assembly”, on page 5-11.) Replace the power reference cable assembly using the replacement kit and the torques indicated on the following diagrams.
Page 116: Replacing The Rear Panel Recorder Output Cable Assembly5-22
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Replacing the Rear Panel Recorder Output(s) Cable Assembly Disassemble the power meter down to allow access to the rear panel connectors. (Refer to “Removing the A4 Comms Assembly”, on page 5-11). Replace the recorder output cable assembly using the replacement kit and the torque indicated on the following diagram.
Page 117: Replacing The Chassis Assembly
Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines Replacing The Chassis Assembly Remove the Power Meter Cover as shown in “Removing the Power Meter Cover”, on page 5-8. Disassemble the power meter down to allow access to the rear panel connectors (Refer to “Removing the A4 Comms Assembly”, on page 5-11). For Standard or Option #002 units, disconnect the Power Reference Cable from the Front Panel Assembly.
Page 118 Replaceable Parts Assembly and Disassembly Guidelines 5-24 Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 119: Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting...
Page 120: Introduction
Troubleshooting Introduction Introduction This chapter enables qualified service personnel to diagnose suspected faults with the power meter Rmt I/O (Remote Input/Output) signal lines and RS232/422 serial port. If there is a problem when attempting to use the RS232/422 serial interface or the remote I/O functions, consult the User’s Guide and confirm that all the user setups are correct before proceeding with the following fault finding flow charts.
Page 121 Troubleshooting Introduction Figure 6-1: Troubleshooting Guide -Upper Window TTL Output Start Power Up meter POST Pass? Connect Sensor to Channel A Any Sensor Errors? Press System/Inputs More Service Self Test Instrument Self Test Self Test Errors? Select Done Using DVM E2373A or equivalent, Investigate Power Investigate set to VDC, monitor Rmt I/O...
Page 122 Troubleshooting Introduction Select Preset/local Confirm Meas/Setup Limits Limits On TTL Output TTL Output On, Fail O/P Low DVM reading 5.0V+/-0.5V? Power down meter. Select Disconnect ac power and battery if fitted. Fail O/P High Remove A2 Processor assy, as directed on page 5-9, to access the Comms Assembly connector.
Page 123 Troubleshooting Introduction Figure 6-2: Troubleshooting Guide - Lower Window TTL Output Start Power Up meter POST Pass? Connect Sensor to Channel A Any Sensor Errors? Select System/Inputs More Service Self Test Instrument Self Test Self Test Errors? Select Done Using DVM E2373A or equivalent, Investigate Power Investigate set to VDC, monitor Rmt I/O...
Page 124 Troubleshooting Introduction Select Preset/local Confirm Lower Window - using Meas/Setup Limits Limits On TTL Output TTL Output On, Fail O/P Low DVM reading 5.0V+/-0.5V? Power down meter. Select Disconnect ac power and battery if fitted. Fail O/P High Remove A2 Processor assy, as directed on page 5-9, to access the Comms Assembly connector.
Page 125 Troubleshooting Introduction Figure 6-3: Troubleshooting Guide - TTL Inputs Start Power Up meter POST Pass? Connect Sensor to Channel A Connect Sensor to Channel B (if applicable) Any Sensor Errors? Select System/Inputs More Service Self Test Instrument Self Test Self Test Errors? Select Done...
Page 126 Troubleshooting Introduction Did power meter channels zero? Apply TTL logic 1 level to RJ45 connector. pin 5 wrt pin 8. Apply TTL logic 0 pulse to RJ45 connector pin 6 wrt pin 8. See User’s Guide chapter 2 for timing. Did Channel A CAL? Is the...
Page 127 Troubleshooting Introduction Remove A2 Processor Assy (see chapter 5) to gain access to the Communications Assembly connector. Measure resistance between Rmt I/O connector pin 6 and connector J4 pin 43. Meter reading 470Ω +/− 10% Measure resistance between Rmt I/O connector pin 5 and connector J4 pin 44.
Page 128 Troubleshooting Introduction Figure 6-4: Troubleshooting Guide - RS232/422 Interface Start Power up meter POST Pass? Select System/Inputs All/Other Which POST Test Remote Interface Select Interface failed? RS422 Select Done Serial Interface System/Inputs Remote Interface Connect RS422 Self Test Select Interface Connector to RS232/422 RS232 Connector on rear panel...
Page 129: Agilent 432A Power Meters & 478A Sensors Additional Information
Agilent 432A Power Meters & 478A Sensors - Additional Information Appendix Agilent 432A Power Meters & 478A Sensors: Additional Information Agilent E4416A/E4417A Service Guide...
Page 130 Agilent 432A Power Meters & 478A Sensors: Additional Information Appendix A Appendix A Agilent 432A Power Meters: Additional Information The internal bridge resistance of the Agilent 432A can be set to either 200Ω or 100Ω. It is important that this value is measured accurately (rounded to the nearest 0.01Ω) and recorded for use in the following tests: •...
Page 131: Measurement Uncertainty Analysis Instrument Accuracy Test
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Appendix B Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Note The Measurement Uncertainty Analysis described in this Appendix uses different test equipment from that listed in this Service Guide. However, the equipment used, and the Measurement Uncertainty results, are similar enough to make the analysis useful.
Page 132: Measurement Introduction
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Measurement Introduction Measurement Introduction In the Instrument Accuracy test the DUT measures power levels output from the test station from –25dBm to +20dBm. A modified 8482A sensor is used to perform this measurement; it has had its thermocouple sensor (RF to DC converter) removed.
Page 133: Uncertainties
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Measurement Introduction Uncertainties Universal Source: No Uncertainties DMM: Yes (Type B) 8482: Extraneous signals, cables connectors and Yes (Type A) 1. There is no uncertainty involved within the 8482A sensor, as a relative power is being measured. Before any measurement is made, an equivalent voltage to 0dBm is applied to the 8482 sensor to allow the power meter calibration.
Page 134 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Measurement Introduction Hence: Measurement Accuracy = f(MV , TSE) The Measurement Uncertainty is not calculated from different sensor and power meter combinations, rather it is taken care of in the Customer Limit specification setting.
Page 135 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Measurement Introduction Standard Uncertainty u(x Table A-1 shows the standard deviation of the 30 readings from the DUT at various power levels. Table A-1: Standard Uncertainty Results Standard Deviation of 30 Conversion to Linear Units Power Level Readings Standard Uncertainty...
Page 136 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Measurement Introduction Worst case error on 0.1V range: Error = ((9ppm x 100mV) + (3ppm x 100mV)) + (6ppm x 100mV) + 5((0.15ppm x 100mV) + 100mV)) = 2.375uV Percentage Error = 0.002375% Voltage Error Distribution Standard Uncertainty...
Page 137 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Measurement Introduction Worst case error on 15.8V maximum power setting Error = ((10ppm x 15.8V) + (0.3ppm x 100.0V)) + (0.5ppm x 15.8V) + 5((0.15ppm x 15.8V) + (0.1ppm x 100V)) = 257.75uV Percentage Error = 0.00163% Voltage Error Distribution...
Page 138: Sensitivity Coefficients Ci
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Measurement Introduc tion By using the DMM Uncertainties calculated previously the worst case voltage and corresponding power errors can be calculated. DMM Error on Worst Case Worst Case Power Setting Applied Volts Range Standard Voltage Error on Power Error on (mW)
Page 139: Combined Standard Uncertainty Uc(Y
0.00095mW 0.00924mW 0.01850mW Expanded Uncertainty ku (y): The Expanded Uncertainty for each power level is given in the table above, using Agilent Technologies’s standard 95% confidence level gives a coverage factor of 2. K = 2 Agilent E4416A/E4417A Service Guide...
Page 140 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Instrument Accuracy Test Measurement Introduction B-10 Agilent E4416A/E4417A Service Guide...
Page 141: Measurement Uncertainty Analysis Power Reference Level Test1
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Appendix C Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Agilent E4416A/E4417A Service Guide...
Page 142: Measurement Introduction
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction Measurement Introduction In the Power Reference Level Test, the output from the DUT’s 1mW Power Ref connector is measured. A 432A Power Meter and an 8478B H01 Power Sensor are required for this test. Also the H01 power sensor’s calibration factor uncertainty at 50MHz must be no greater than ±0.2%.
Page 143 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction where, is the reflection coefficient of the source (i.e. the DUT) and P is the reflection coefficient of the 8478B detector. Hence, P meas f V comp V 1 V 0 R CF M s Consider the measurement setup that exists in Figure B-1 POWER 8478B...
Page 144: Uncertainty Equation
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction ⁄ ± M s Uncertainty 1 2P s P d The equation above includes the worst-case mismatch magnitude 2P and is in the form where various powers can be multiplied by the equation to find worst-case power levels with respect to mismatch.
Page 145: Mismatch
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction A normal distribution is assumed, as the 3458A Manual has not specified the type of distribution used on the measurement. Both V and V values are calculated by subtracting V from V as measured at comp...
Page 146 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction Consider the model below: An estimate of the moduli of Pd and Ps are each less than a specified value. Ps and Pd each lie within a circle of radius P. Assuming Pd and Ps have equal probability of lying anywhere within the circle the standard uncertainty of Mismatch becomes ⋅...
Page 147: Calibration Factor
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction So u(Ms) from the equation above equals: × 0.0244 0.0244 ± --------------------------------------------------- - u Ms 0.00042 Mismatch Uncertainty U(Ms) worst case × 2P s P d u Ms 0.0012 Calibration factor The calibration factors supplied with the power sensor take into account the performance of the sensor with respect to frequency.
Page 148: Resistance
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction Resistance The uncertainty of the resistance measurement on the 3458A DMM is given from: Error = (ppm of reading + ppm of range) + (temperature coefficient) + (factory traceability) with: - Conditions: - 1 Year Cal and temperature variance +/- 5°C without ACAL Reference: - 3458A Operating Manual Appendix A For 1kΩ...
Page 149 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction Table B-1: Measurement Repeatability Results Measurement ADJUST REF. REF. LEVEL TEST 0.999548951 0.999499495 0.999541333 0.999554257 0.999449078 0.999414037 0.999546994 0.999509401 0.999138526 0.9991726 0.999647055 0.999454911 0.999539391 0.999515949 0.999567191 0.999558795 0.999600963 0.999554633 0.999405584 0.999377721 0.999523392 0.999566084...
Page 150: Sensitivity Coefficients (Ci
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction Table B-1: Measurement Repeatability Results Measurement ADJUST REF. REF. LEVEL TEST 0.999406 0.999377721 Average 0.999529 0.999504053 5.67E-05 5.01868E-05 1. Measurement 5 was discounted from the calculations as being an extraneous measurement.
Page 151 Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduction Using the above values gives 2 V 1 V 0 – – × Ci V --- - ---------------------------- - 2.129 Ω V comp 4RCFM s comp 2V comp 2V 1 –...
Page 152: Combined Standard Uncertainty (Uc(Y
Measurement Uncertainty Analysis – Power Reference Level Test Measurement Introduc tion Combined Standard Uncertainty ( c(y)) Table B-2: Combined Standard Uncertainty Source of Probability Symbol Value Divisor Uncertainty Distribution /µW 69.65 µV Two Voltage Normal 2.129x10 V/Ω 0.007 measurements on a 3458A DMM 69.45 µV Two Voltage...
Page 153 5-12 functional test 2-20 dimensions of instrument 1-16 interface test 2-19 display resolution, specification Agilent Technologies offices units, specification 1-ix altitude characteristic 1-15 documents 1-viii assembly part numbers 5-3 environmental characteristics 1-15 battery (option 001) specification 1-13 battery (RAM) replacement 5-14...
Page 154 front panel repair 5-6 Agilent E-series power sensor interface test 2-19 instrument accuracy test GP-IB output standing wave ratio (SWR) test connector characteristic 1-14 power reference level test 2-15 zero test humidity characteristic 1-15 post-repair adjustments 3-3 power sensors IEC 1010-1 1-vii power characteristic 1-14 instrument accuracy test 2-7 power output 1-5...
Page 155 1-9 single sensor dynamic range, specification 1-3 size of instrument 1-16 specifications 1-2 speed of measurement 1-6 SWR, characteristic of power reference 1-5 telephone numbers of Agilent Technologies 1-ix temperature characteristic 1-15 test equipment 2-3 test record 2-30 troubleshooting equipment...
Page 156 Index-4 Agilent E4418B/E4419B Service Guide...
Page 158 (fax) (65) 6755 0042 Or visit Agilent worlwide Web at: www.agilent.com/find/assist Product specifications and descriptions in this document are subject to change without notice. © Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2001, 2007 Printed in Malaysia Second Edition, August, 2007 E4418-90064 Agilent Technologies...

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