Commodore Amiga Manuals

Manuals and User Guides for Commodore Amiga. We have 3 Commodore Amiga manuals available for free PDF download: Hardware Reference Manual, Introduction Manual, Technical Manual

Commodore Amiga Hardware Reference Manual (321 pages)

Brand: Commodore | Category: Desktop | Size: 16.82 MB

Table of Contents
7
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

15
- Components of the Amiga
  15
  - Primary and Seoondary Memory
    19
  - Peripherals
    19
- System Expandability and Adaptability
  20
Chapter 2 COPROCESSOR HARDWARE

21
- Introduction
  21
  - About this Ohapter
    22
- What Is a Copper Instruction
  22
- The MOVE Instruction
  23
- The WAIT Instruction
  25
  - Horizontal Beam Position
    26
  - Vertioal Beam Position
    26
  - The Oomparison Enable Bits
    27
- Using the Copper Registers
  27
  - Looation Registers
    27
    
    Jump Strobe Address
    28
    
    Oontrol Register
    28
- Putting Together a Copper Instruction List
  29
  - Loops and Branohes
    33
  - Starting and Stopping the Copper
    33
    
    Starting the Oopper after Reset
    33
    
    Stopping the Oopper
    33
  - Advanced Topics
    34
    
    Enable
    35
    
    Figure 2-1 Interlaced Bit-Plane in RAM - 400 Lines Long
    37
    
    The Copper and the 68000
    38
  - Summary of Copper Instructions
    38
Chapter 3 PLAYFIELD HARDWARE

40
Chapter 4 SPRITE HARDWARE

104
- Introduction
  104
  - ABOUT this Cliapter
    105
  - Forming a Sprite
    105
    
    Screen Position
    105
    
    Figure 4-1 Defining Sprite On-Screen Position
    106
    
    Figure 4-2 Position of Sprites
    107
    
    Size of Sprites
    108
    
    Figure 4-3 Shape of Spaceship
    109
    
    Figure 4-4 Sprite with Spaceship Shape Defined
    109
    
    Sprite Color
    109
    
    Figure 4-5 Sprite Color Definition
    110
    
    Designing a Sprite
    111
    
    Figure 4-6 Color Register Assignments
    111
    
    Building the Data Structure
    112
    
    Figure 4-7 Data Structure Layout
    114
  - Displaying a Sprite
    117
    
    Selecting a Dma Channel and Setting the Pointers
    118
    
    Resetting the Address Pointers
    119
    
    Sprite Display Example
    119
    
    Moving a Sprite
    121
    
    Creating Additional Sprites
    123
    
    Figure 4-8 Sprite Priority
    124
    
    Reusing Sprite DMA Channels
    124
    
    Figure 4-9 Typical Example of Sprite Reuse
    125
    
    Figure 4-10 Typical Data Structure for Sprite Re-Use
    126
    
    Overlapped Sprites
    127
    
    Figure 4-11 Overlapping Sprites (Not Attached)
    128
    
    Attached Sprites
    129
    
    Figure 4-12 Placing Sprites Next to each Other
    129
    
    Manual Mode
    132
    
    Sprite Hardware Details
    133
    
    Figure 4-13 Sprite Control Circuitry
    135
  - Summary of Sprite Registers
    137
    
    Pointers
    137
    
    Control Registers
    138
    
    Data Registers
    139
    
    Summary of Sprite Color Registers
    140
Chapter 5 AUDIO HARDWARE

143
- Introduction
  143
  - Introducing Sound Generation
    144
  - Figure 5-1 Sine Waveform
    145
  - The Amiga Sound Hardware
    147
    
    Figure 5-2 Digitized Amplitude Values
    147
    
    Deciding Which Channel to Use
    148
    
    Forming and Playing a Sound
    148
    
    Creating the Waveform Data
    149
    
    Telling the System about the Data
    150
    
    Selecting the Volume
    151
    
    Selecting the Data Output Rate
    152
    
    Figure 5-3 Example Sine Wave
    154
    
    Playing the Waveform
    155
    
    Stopping the Audio Dma
    156
    
    Example
    157
    
    Summary
    157
    
    Joining Tones
    159
    
    Producing Complex Sounds
    159
    
    Modulating Sound
    161
    
    Playing Multiple Tones at the same Time
    161
- Producing High-Quality Sound
  164
  - Making Waveform Transitions
    164
  - Sampling Rate
    164
  - Efficiency
    165
  - Figure 5-4 Waveform with Multiple Cycles
    165
  - Noise Reduction
    166
  - Aliasing Distortion
    166
  - Figure 5-5 Frequency Domain Plot of Low-Pass Filter
    167
  - Figure 5-6 Noise-Free Output (no Aliasing Distortion)
    167
  - Low-Pass Filter
    168
  - Figure 5-7 some Aliasing Distortion
    168
- Using Direct (Non-DMA) Audio Output
  169
- The Equal-Tempered Musical Scale
  170
- Decibel Values for Volume Ranges
  172
- The Audio State Machine
  173
- Figure 5-8 Audio State Diagram
  176
Chapter 6 BLITTER HARDWARE

177
- Introduction
  177
- Data Copying
  179
- Pointers and Modulos
  180
- Figure 6-1 How Images Are Stored in Memory
  180
- Figure 6-2 Bit-Plane Image Larger than the Blitter Source Window
  181
- Ascending and Descending Addressing
  182
- Rectangular or Linear Address Scanning
  183
- Blitter Logic Operations
  183
- Shifting
  189
- Masking
  190
- Figure 6-4 a Packed Font
  190
- Zero Detection
  191
- Figure 6-5 Blitter Masking Example
  191
- Area Filling
  192
  - Inclusive (Normal) Area Filling
    192
  - Figure 6-6 Area-Fill Example - Bar Chart
    192
- Line Drawing
  195
- Blitter Operations and System DMA
  198
- Complete Blitter Example
  205
- Blitter Block Diagram
  207
Chapter 7 SYSTEM CONTROL HARDWARE

209
- Introduction
  209
- Video Priorities
  210
  - Fixed Sprite Priorities
    210
  - Figure 7-1 Inter-Sprite Fixed Priorities
    210
  - How Sprites Are Grouped
    211
  - Understanding Video Priorities
    211
  - Figure 7-2 Analogy for Video Priority
    211
  - Setting the Priority Control Register
    212
  - Collision Detection
    214
    
    How Collisions Are Determined
    214
    
    How to Interpret the Collision Data
    214
    
    How Collision Detection Is Controlled
    215
  - Beam Position Detection
    217
    
    Using the Beam Position Counter
    217
  - Interrupts
    219
    
    Maskable Interrupts
    219
    
    User Interface to the Interrupt System
    219
    
    Interrupt Control Registers
    220
    
    Setting and Clearing Bits
    220
    
    DMA Control
    224
Chapter 8 INTERFACE HARDWARE

226
- Introduction
  226
- Controller Port Interface
  227
  - Reading the Controller Port
    228
  - Disk Controller
    238
    
    Disk Selection, Control, and Sensing
    239
    
    Other Registers in Disk Operations
    243
    
    How the Keyboard Data Is Received
    247
    
    Type of Data Received
    247
    
    Limitations of the Keyboard
    250
    
    INTRODUCTION to SERIAL Circuitry
    251
    
    Parallel Input/Output Interface
    251
    
    Serial Interface
    251
    
    Setting the Baud Rate
    251
    
    Contents of the Receive Data Register
    252
    
    Setting the Receive Mode
    252
    
    How Output Data Is Transmitted
    254
    
    Specifying the Register Contents
    255
    
    Audio Output Connections
    256
    
    Display Output Connections
    256
Appendix A Register Summary-Alphabetical Order

257
Appendix B Register Summary-Address Order

267
Appendix C Custom Chip Pin Allocation List

272
Appendix D System Memory Map

275
Appendix E Interfaces

277
Appendix F Peripheral Interface Adapters

293
Appendix G Amiga Auto-Configuration Architecture

301
Appendix H I

307
- Glossary
  307
- Index
  314

Commodore Amiga Introduction Manual (162 pages)

Brand: Commodore | Category: Desktop | Size: 42 MB

Table of Contents
4
Chapter 1: Introducing the Amiga

7
Chapter 2: Setting up the Amiga

11
Chapter 3: Getting Started

24
Chapter 4: Using the Workbench

46
Chapter 5: Adding to the Amiga

80
Chapter 6: Caring for the Amiga

84
Chapter 7: Reference

90
Appendix A: Workbench Tools

110
Appendix B: Amigados Messages

132
Appendix C: Changing the Pointer

134
- Glossary
  136
- Index
  150

Commodore Amiga Technical Manual (59 pages)

Brand: Commodore | Category: Desktop | Size: 27.88 MB

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Commodore Amiga Hardware Reference Manual (321 pages)

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2 COPROCESSOR HARDWARE

Chapter 3 PLAYFIELD HARDWARE

Chapter 4 SPRITE HARDWARE

Chapter 5 AUDIO HARDWARE

Chapter 6 BLITTER HARDWARE

Chapter 7 SYSTEM CONTROL HARDWARE

Chapter 8 INTERFACE HARDWARE

Appendix A Register Summary-Alphabetical Order

Appendix B Register Summary-Address Order

Appendix C Custom Chip Pin Allocation List

Appendix D System Memory Map

Appendix E Interfaces

Appendix F Peripheral Interface Adapters

Appendix G Amiga Auto-Configuration Architecture

Appendix H I

Commodore Amiga Introduction Manual (162 pages)

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introducing the Amiga

Chapter 2: Setting up the Amiga

Chapter 3: Getting Started

Chapter 4: Using the Workbench

Chapter 5: Adding to the Amiga

Chapter 6: Caring for the Amiga

Chapter 7: Reference

Appendix A: Workbench Tools

Appendix B: Amigados Messages

Appendix C: Changing the Pointer

Commodore Amiga Technical Manual (59 pages)

Table of Contents

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