Ip Addresses, Network Masks, And Subnets; Ip Addresses; Structure Of An Ip Address; Network Classes - movistar RTA01N User Manual

User's Guide
B
Note
IP Addresses, Network Masks, and
Subnets

IP Addresses

This section refers only to IP addresses for IPv4 (version 4 of the
Internet Protocol). IPv6 addresses are not covered.
This section assumes basic knowledge of binary numbers, bits,
and bytes.
IP addresses, the Internet's version of telephone numbers, are
used to identify individual nodes (computers or devices) on the
Internet. Every IP address contains four numbers, each from 0
to 255 and separated by dots (periods), e.g. 20.56.0.211. These
numbers are called, from left to right, field1, field2, field3, and
field4.
This style of writing IP addresses as decimal numbers
separated by dots is called dotted decimal notation. The IP
address 20.56.0.211 is read "twenty dot fifty-six dot zero dot
two-eleven."

Structure of an IP address

IP addresses have a hierarchical design similar to that of
telephone numbers. For example, a 7-digit telephone number
starts with a 3-digit prefix that identifies a group of thousands of
telephone lines, and ends with four digits that identify one
specific line in that group.
Similarly, IP addresses contain two kinds of information:

Network ID
Identifies a particular network within the Internet or intranet

Host ID
Identifies a particular computer or device on the network
The first part of every IP address contains the network ID, and
the rest of the address contains the host ID. The length of the
network ID depends on the network's class (see following
section). The table below shows the structure of an IP address.
Field1
Class A Network ID
Class B
Class C
Here are some examples of valid IP addresses:
Class A: 10.30.6.125 (network = 10, host = 30.6.125)
Class B: 129.88.16.49 (network = 129.88, host = 16.49)
Class C: 192.60.201.11 (network = 192.60.201, host = 11)

Network classes

The three commonly used network classes are A, B, and C.
(There is also a class D but it has a special use beyond the

IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets

Field2
Network ID
Network ID
Field3 Field4
Host ID
Host ID
Host ID
200