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WATER TREATMENT GLOSSARY cont...
17 - Chloramines: Irritating, odorous forms of combined chlorine,
formed by the reaction of chlorine with nitrogen containing waste prod-
ucts. Chloramines are ineffective as a pool or spa sanitizer. High lev-
els of chloramines can cause the problems of "Red Eyes" or "Stinging
Eyes." Usually requires a shock treatment to lower or destroy the com-
bined chlorine level.
18 - Corona Discharge: A method for producing ozone, by utilizing
high voltage arcing to convert oxygen (O2) into ozone (O3). Refer to the
listing for Ozone for more information.
19 - Enzymes: Organic agents that hasten the natural breakdown (di-
gestion) or decomposition of oily wastes and organic residues in pools
and spas.
20 - Hard Water: The term used to describe water that is high in calcium
or magnesium. High levels, usually over 400 PPM, can lead to clarity
and scaling problems, if not treated. Source of the calcium can be natu-
ral or can be contributed by chemicals such as calcium hypochlorite.
21 - Ions: The electrically charged state that an element assumes in
true solution. In the ionic state, ions are chemically reactive. Some
ions, such as, copper, silver and zinc, are used as sanitizers in mineral
purifiers and/or ionizers.
22 - Ionizers: Equipment that sanitizes pool and spa water by providing
a low level source of copper and silver ions, as the water passes over
charged electrodes. Copper ions can provide algaecidal control. Silver
ions can provide bactericidal control. Other types of devices (mineral
purifiers) work by an erosion principle and utilize copper, silver or zinc
ions. Spa ionizers often lack the copper element because the need for
algae control is not as acute as in a pool.
23 - Mineral Purifier: A type of device that releases copper, silver or
zinc ions into the water at very low levels. In this ionic state, these
minerals can function in the sanitizer role and help control algae and
bacteria in pool and spa water. Mineral Purifiers work on the principle-
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