Lexicon LEXICON480LV4 Owner's Manual
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Lexicon LEXICON480LV4 Owner's Manual

Digital effects system
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480L
Digital Effects System

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  • Page 1 Owner's Manual 480L Digital Effects System...
  • Page 2 • To prevent fire or shock hazard, do not expose the 480L to rain or moisture. Notices In the interest of continued product development, Lexicon reserves the right to make improvements in this manual and the product it describes at any time and without notice or obligation.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    Table of Contents Program Directory Introduction 4. Bank 5: the Effects Programs 1. Installing the 480L About the Effects Algorithm About the Rear Panel About the Effects Parameters About the Front Panel Bank 5 - Effects Behind the Front Panel About the LARC 5.
  • Page 4 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual 12. Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs 12-1 Appendix About the Prime Time III Parameters 12-2 Bank 12 - Prime Time III 12-4 A. MIDI and the 480L B. Solving Problems 13. Bank 16: the Freq. Stuff Programs 13-1 C.

  • Page 5: Program Directory

    Bandsweep BassEchoes BandBounce Whispers On Stage Delays * Programs 7.9 and 7.0 require the Sampling Memory Expansion option. See your Lexicon dealer for details. * Programs in Banks 18-21 require the Classic Cart option. See your Lexicon dealer for details.

  • Page 6: Introduction

    You are about to begin using the most advanced digital Reverb is only part of the story. The 480L produces effects system available—the Lexicon 480L. The 480L astonishing effects you haven't even begun to dream is engineered for the all-digital production environ- about yet.
  • Page 7 Installation and Audio Connections This chapter contains overviews of all of the 480L controls, as well as information on mounting, installation and audio connection.

  • Page 8: About The Rear Panel

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual About the Rear Panel Aux Ouputs (L & R) Main Inputs (L & R) Main Outputs (L & R) The left and right aux The left and right Inputs The left and right Main outputs are identical to the...

  • Page 9: About The Front Panel

    Installation and Audio Connections About the Front Panel Cartridge Slot The Cartride Slot accepts both ROM-based program cartridges, and Nonvolatile RAM cartridges for additional memory storage. The 480L is shipped with Front Panel Latch one Nonvolatile Memory The front panel is hinged Cartridge, providing five at the bottom;...

  • Page 10: Behind The Front Panel

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Behind the Front Panel Cooling Fan Output Level Controls The cooling fan provides The output levels for the Input Level Controls filtered forced air (the front Main and Aux analog The input sensitivity for the panel vent is an air intake).

  • Page 11: About The Larc

    Installation and Audio Connections About the LARC Headroom Indicator +12 dBm indicates analog Main Display or digital clipping. Proper Shows names and values input level is with +12 dB for all selections. and ovld LEDs unlit. Numeric Keypad Press one of these keys to load a program selected with PROG or REG.

  • Page 12: How To Mount The 480L

    Appendix D. If the 480L is mounted in a rack or road case, we The nominal operating voltage set at the Lexicon recommend that you provide support for the rear of the factory is indicated by a small protruding pin on the chassis during transport to prevent possible damage power connector/fuse holder.

  • Page 13: How To Interface The Larc

    Installation and Audio Connections How to Interface the LARC The LARC 1 connector interfaces the mainframe to the Lexicon Alphanumeric Remote Control (LARC) via a flexible 50-ft cable (supplied). If your system is equipped with a single LARC, this is the connector you should use.
  • Page 14 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Connections for 480L with two LARCs.

  • Page 15: Audio Connections

    Installation and Audio Connections Analog Audio Connections See page 1-2 for details about audio interfacing (pinouts, impedance, etc.) The 480L is designed to take advantage of the flexibility We recommend experimentation to arrive at the best of a mixing console. The figure below shows a typical configuration for your own system.
  • Page 16 AES/EBU to allow interfacing with devices Input and Output Configuration using this digital I/O format. To accomplish this, an external format converter such as Lexicon's LFI-10 is The digital audio outputs can be used at the same time required. The following figure details digital intercon- as the analog outputs, and they are always available at nection using a format converter.
  • Page 17 Installation and Audio Connections CHASSIS MOUNT 9 PIN MALE D-SUB CABLE CONNECTOR BNC JACKS (REAR VIEW) EXTERNAL WORD CLOCK INPUT RIGHT CHANNEL INPUT LEFT CHANNEL INPUT CHASSIS GND RIGHT CHANNEL OUTPUT LEFT CHANNEL OUTPUT WORD CLOCK OUTPUT TWISTED PAIR (6) OVERALL FOIL SHIELD USE BELDEN #S 9682, 9506, OR EQUIVALENT SHIELDED, LOW CAPACITANCE CABLE WITH 6 TWISTED PAIRS.
  • Page 18 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Typical 1610/1630 Connection Converting Digital Signals to AES/EBU Format. 1-12...

  • Page 19: Basic Operation

    Basic Operation This chapter describes the operations necessary to properly calibrate the 480L in your facility. These include: Learning the operating modes Selecting machine configuration Switching machines from the LARC Selecting analog or digital inputs Loading programs Calibrating levels...

  • Page 20: Glossary

    In addition, the 480L can recognize the the Mastering bank contains programs for level adjust- Lexicon 224XL and address it as another machine. ment and digital equalization. • Algorithm The 480L contains several algorithms.

  • Page 21: Operating Modes

    Basic Operation Operating Modes The 480L is always in one of the following four operat- Program Preview Mode ing modes: Press the PROG button. Machine Operation Mode Press the BANK button to view program banks. Program Preview Mode Press the PROG button to view programs in the bank. Register Preview Mode Control Mode This mode allows you to:...
  • Page 22 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Machine Operation Mode On power up, the 480L restores the configuration, routing, and programs loaded before power was shut off. The LARC will display the last machine selected. Machine Under LARC Control Program Currently Running MACHINE A...

  • Page 23: Checking Your System's Status

    Basic Operation Checking Your System's Status The Cascade Configuration The Cascade configuration feeds the output of one Press CTRL to enter Control Mode. Press PAGE, then program (Machine A) directly into the input of the press 1. Move slider one on page one of the control second program (Machine B).
  • Page 24 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual The Mono Split Configuration The Single Configuration The Mono Split configuration uses the 480L as two A few programs (like Stereo Sampler) require all of the independent signal processors. Each program has an 480L's processing power, and cannot be run at the independent mono input and an independent stereo same time as other programs.

  • Page 25: Using Two Larcs To Control A Single 480L

    Basic Operation Using Two LARCs Selecting Input Type to Control a Single 480L Slider 6 on Page 1 of Control Mode allows selection of either analog or digital input. Both analog and digital If you frequently use your 480L in the Split or outputs are always active.

  • Page 26: How To Load Programs

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Load a Program How to Load Programs 480L programs are loaded by pressing the numeric button that matches the flashing LARC display. In order to complete system setup, you will have to load programs into the 480L machines.

  • Page 27: Level Calibration

    Basic Operation Level Calibration Analog Input and Output levels should be set with care to obtain the best possible performance from the 480L. The diagram below illustrates the signal flow through the mainframe. In addition, several programs are avail- able in Bank 17 Test & Reference to help you optimize the performance of your system.

  • Page 28: Setting Analog Output Levels

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Setting Analog Output Levels 2. A digitally-generated 1kHz should appear at all The 480L has digital oscillator programs to aid in outputs (both analog and digital). setting system output levels. Set the analog output level controls for both Main and...

  • Page 29: Setting Analog Input Levels

    Basic Operation Setting Analog Input Levels Once output levels have been calibrated as directed in the previous section, you can proceed to the input levels. Before proceeding, make sure that the Oscillator program is loaded. Severe feedback can occur if any other program is running.

  • Page 30: Levels In The Digital Domain

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Levels in the Digital Domain Analog signals, by nature, have an infinite range of level. During conversion to digital, levels are quantized to absolute values, and expressed as a number of bits. The 480L provides 18-bit resolution in both the analog and digital paths.

  • Page 31: Using Digital Signals

    Many programs, such as Parametric EQ, have a mas- ter level control which can offset the overall gain to prevent this situation. If you consistently encounter such situations, contact Lexicon Customer Service. dBFS 480L Parametric EQ 20 Hz...

  • Page 32: How To Edit Parameters

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual How to Edit Parameters How to Use Registers The sounds of the programs supplied with the 480L The ability to edit parameters would be of little value if cover an astounding range of possibilities, but sooner there were no way for the 480L to store the edits.

  • Page 33: Storing And Naming Programs

    Basic Operation Storing and Naming Prorams Loading Registers After you have made the changes you want to a Registers are organized into banks, selected and program's parameters, you can store the changed loaded in exactly the same manner as programs. version in a register: However, you press REG to switch from program to register mode, and press REG instead of PROG when...

  • Page 34: Moving Registers With The Register Transporter

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Protecting Your Registers To move or copy single registers: Against Another Kind of Loss Press CTRL to enter the control mode. Press PAGE, 2 to go to page 2. After creating a collection of registers, some users may not wish to let others access their "trademark"...

  • Page 35: Midi Sysex Program Dumps

    Basic Operation MIDI SysEx Program Dumps Programs and presets can also be transmitted and Dump Active Algorithm(s) received as MIDI SysEx data. Parameters that enable The ACTIVE function dumps one or both of the active MIDI SysEx dumps are found on Page 6 in Control algorithms and their current parameter values instead mode.
  • Page 36 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Dump MIDI Program Table Map Slider 3, on Page 6, labeled RCV, selects the destina- tion of MIDI bulk dumps loaded back into the 480L. The The 480L has a program map that translates MIDI simplest destination is the default, “ORIGINAL SRC”.
  • Page 37 Basic Operation A dumped register bank will be restored to its original Selection of destination is not an option when restoring location if “ORIGINAL SRC” is selected. If the bank was MIDI program table map. The data is restored to the a program bank, restoring to original source will not active Machine where it originated.

  • Page 38: Banks 1-4: The Reverb Programs

    Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs In this chapter we'll discuss the original Reverberation and Plate programs created for the 480L. Two different algorithms are used to create these programs. The primary difference between the two is the density of the reverberation. The algorithm with greater density is used primarily for Room and Plate programs.

  • Page 39: About The Reverberation Algorithm

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Before we jump into detailed descriptions of set the time over which this shape is active. programs and parameters, let's take a look at the philosophy behind the reverberation algorithm's radi- In the hall and room programs, SIZE acts as a master cal new structure.
  • Page 40 Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs becomes stronger than the earlier part of the envelope, from the floor, stage area, and ceiling of a real hall. This resulting in a inverse sound. sounds reasonable in theory, but it has been our experience that the resulting preechoes are much Note that none of these shape effects are audible different from the early reflections present in real halls,...

  • Page 41: About The Reverberation Parameters

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One Predelay Shape Spread High Freq Cutoff Mid Reverb Time Size Page Two Diffusion Bass Multiply Crossover RT Hi Freq. Cutoff Decay Optimization Wet/Dry Mix Page Three ELS- ECHO -LEV PRE- Echo Level 5 L>L Echo Level 6 R>R...
  • Page 42 Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs The apparent size of the space created is actually a 0 dB combination of the settings of the SIZE, SHAPE, and SPREAD controls. Small acoustic spaces are charac- terized by a rapid buildup of diffusion. However, both small and large spaces frequently have an uneven buildup of initial reverberation.
  • Page 43 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page Two BASS MULTIPLY DECAY OPT (Decay Optimization) BASS MULTIPLY sets the reverb time for low-fre- DECAY OPT alters program characteristics in re- quency signals, as a multiplier of the RT MID parame- sponse to changes in input level, to make reverberation ter.
  • Page 44 Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs Page Three PREECHO LEVEL Preechoes can best be understood by visualizing a stage where the early reflections are the sounds ema- nating from the rear and side stage walls directly after the sound from the stage. Usually the rear stage wall reflection is earlier and louder than those from the two side walls.

  • Page 45: Bank 1 - Halls

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 1: Halls 1 Large Hall 6 Small+Stage 2.19 s 37 m 2.862 24 ms 1.13 s 25 m 4.395 24 ms 1.2 x 752 Hz 4.186 All Fx 1.0 x 752 Hz 3.784...
  • Page 46 Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs Program Descriptions 2 Large + Stage Large + Stage is similar to Large Hall, except that the The programs in the Halls bank are reverberation musicians are located at one end of the hall, and programs designed to emulate real concert halls.

  • Page 47: Bank 2 - Rooms

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 2: Rooms 1 Music Club 6 Lg Wood Rm 1.03 s 25 m 7.181 0 ms 1.33 s 23 m 8.513 0 ms 1.0 x 752 Hz 3.784 All Fx 0.8 x 1.158 Hz 5.538...
  • Page 48 Banks 1-4: the Reverb Programs Program Descriptions 5 Very Small Room Very Small Room has the intimate, close feel of a The room programs are similar to the Hall programs, bedroom or den. but the spaces they emulate are smaller and somewhat more colored.

  • Page 49: Bank 3 - Wild Spaces

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 3: Wild Spaces 1 Brick Wall 6 Metallica 0.24 s 26 m 10.591 0 ms 0.97 s 28 m 14.986 14 ms 1.5 x 1.886 Hz Full R. All Fx 1.5 x 1.020 Hz 7.493...
  • Page 50 4 10W-40 10W-40 emulates the sound of an oil drum. If your facility lacks an oil drum wired for sound, you will be pleased to discover that Lexicon has supplied one— before you even knew you needed it. 3-13...

  • Page 51: Bank 4 - Plates

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 4: Plates 1 A Plate Program Descriptions 2.00 s 20 m 8.513 0 ms The Plate programs mimic the sounds of metal plates, with high initial diffusion and a relatively bright, colored 0.6 x 752 Hz Full R.

  • Page 52: Bank 5: The Effects Programs

    Bank 5: the Effects Programs This chapter describes the Effects pro- grams and their parameters. The Effects programs are located in Bank 5.
  • Page 53 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One Predelay Spin Slope Length Number Wander Page Two Diffusion Input Blend Input Blend Feedback Level Feedback Delay Input Delay Wet/Dry Mix Page Three Signs High Pass L High Pass R About the Effects Program...

  • Page 54: About The Effects Parameters

    Bank 5: the Effects Programs About the Effects Parameters 0 dB Page One SPIN SPIN sets the rate of WANDER. SPIN is a log control with a period of 8. In English, this means that if you increase SPIN by eight units, the amount of audible -30 dB spin increases by a factor of two.
  • Page 55 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual WANDER INPUT DELAY WANDER sets the amount of wander in each direction INPUT DELAY adds delay only to the dry signal path— that the delay will move. it has no effect on the wet signal path. This effectively allows you to "live in the past,"...
  • Page 56 Bank 5: the Effects Programs Programs — Bank 5: Effects 1 Illusion 6 Rebound 444 ms 35 ms 254 ms 0 ms 42 us 20 ms Stereo 0 ms 52 ms All Fx Stereo -9 dB 0 ms 122 ms 0 Hz 0 Hz 7 Git It Wet...
  • Page 57 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Program Descriptions The effects produced by these programs can be very 5 Back Slap difficult to describe. They range from subtle to out- A strong fast slapback effect. rageous, depending largely on the type of source...

  • Page 58: Bank 6: The Twin Delays Programs

    Bank 6: the Twin Delays Programs This chapter describes the Twin Delays programs located in Bank 6.

  • Page 59: About The Twin Delays Parameters

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One R Ch Dry Level L DLY1 Rolloff L Channel Pan R Channel Pan L Ch Dry Level R DLY1 Rolloff Page Two R DLY2 Value L DLY1 Value L DLY1 Level L DLY1 Feedback...
  • Page 60 Bank 6: the Twin Delays Programs Page Three Program Descriptions 1 4-Voice Double Sets the delay time for the third (left channel) delay Delay voices are doubled in stereo. When added to dry voice. signal, it's crisp, wide, and uncluttered. 2 Double Delay Adjusts the level (amplitude) of DL3.
  • Page 61 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 6: Twin Delays 1 4-Vce Double 6 Delay Cave Full Full Left Right 8158Hz 8158Hz DLY1 DLY2 DLY1 DLY2 32.03ms 21.04ms 21.04ms 42.84ms DLY3 DLY4 DLY3 DLY4 60.01ms -6dB 42.09ms 100.0ms +37% 80.03ms +37% 1.00...

  • Page 62: Bank 7: The Sampler Programs

    Bank 7: the Sampler Programs The Sampler programs located in Bank 7 include a variety of useful features for recording and production work. The pro- grams allow slip syncing, copying, and time shifting of segments. Accurate triggering (response time is under 300 microseconds) allows replacement of drum or cymbal sounds (with full decay times) when track- ing or overdubbing.

  • Page 63: Introduction

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Introduction The 480L has a number of sampling programs, each Programs 1-8 in Bank 7 do not require the SME option. with different features and capabilities. The optional They are: Sampling Memory Expander (SME) board can be...

  • Page 64: Bank 7 Samplers

    Bank 7: the Sampler Programs Bank 7 Samplers There are three types of non-SME samplers. They all Drum Samplers record in multiples of 1.36 seconds at 48 kHz (1.48 seconds at 44.1 kHz). The presets provide level-trig- Programs 6, 7, and 8 in Bank 7 are identical to the gered capturing from the left input only, referenced to samplers described above, except that MARK and -24 dB on the LARC level indicators.

  • Page 65: How To Use The Samplers

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual How to Use the Samplers Playing When you have trimmed your sample, go to the play page to select multiple play and triggering options. These general instructions apply to all samplers. The sampler's PLAY key is preset just like the CUE key;...
  • Page 66 Bank 7: the Sampler Programs Optimizing Level Triggered Playback Using Rate Change Samplers These tips will enable you to obtain tight level triggering for percussion replacement and other critical applica- Both SME samplers and the Bank 7 sampler, Dual tions. Rate Change, permit you to adjust the playback RATE.
  • Page 67 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Percussion capturing. Triggers on first audio, Time Variant Recording trimmed exactly. Everything after the trigger is saved. The original (and still available) IMMEDIATE record MOD = Appropriate dB level mode allows control over the start time only. Recording...
  • Page 68 Bank 7: the Sampler Programs Edits will always be accurate over the entire range of Typically, two patches are needed to control a sampler, the sampler unless you change direction (cross the 0 assuming that you will handle recording and preliminary boundary) after triggering.
  • Page 69 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Stereo 3S/Mono 6S, and Stereo Drum Page One MARK MODE Record Mark Capture Manual Trigger Check Sample Capture Mode Page Two MODE Overdub Record Fade Type Capture Mode Manual Trigger 2 Check Sample Page Three Cue Sample...

  • Page 70: About The Sampling Parameters

    Bank 7: the Sampler Programs Stereo Rate Change 10 - Mono Rate Change 20 Page One MARK MODE Overdub Record Mark Capture Manual Trigger Check Sample Capture Mode Page Two EDIT Head Trim Tail Trim Edit Fade Type Rate Cue Sample Page Three PLAY HOLD...
  • Page 71 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual HEAD TRIM PAN REV (Mono Forward/Reverse) Once a sample has been recorded, head trim is used PAN REV sets the pan location between the two to remove unwanted information at the beginning of the outputs for reverse playback.
  • Page 72 Bank 7: the Sampler Programs REVERSE TIME (Mono Forward/Reverse) REVERSE TIME sets how much of the sample to play back (in reverse play). TAIL TRIM Once a sample has been recorded, TAIL TRIM is used to remove unwanted information at the end of the sample, and select the start point for reverse playback.

  • Page 73: Bank 8: The Pitch And Doppler Programs

    Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs The Pitch Change program is a true stereo pitch shifter which displays pitch change in musical intervals. It can also operate as two independent mono programs in each chan- nel. In addition, a delay line with indepen- dent feedback paths is available to create useful effects.
  • Page 74 Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Page One Play Sync Pitch L Pitch R Fine Pitch R Stero/Mono Fine Pitch L Page Two R Feedback L Predelay R Predelay L Feedback Wet/Dry Mix Page Three MIDI Glide L Splice Time MIDI Ref Note Pitch Mirror...
  • Page 75 Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Page Three Program Descriptions MIDI (MIDI Pitch Event Left) 1 Pitch Change MIDI Pitch Event provides a fast link between a MIDI This program has pitch values set to 0 and is set for Note Event and interval pitch shifting.
  • Page 76 Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Programs — Bank 8: Pitch Shift 1Pitch Change 4 Barber Pole Stereo +null +null +null +null Stereo All Fx 0.0 ms 0.0 ms -41% +41% All Fx MIDI MIDI +null 48c2 +Off +null 48c2 +Off...

  • Page 77: About The Doppler Parameters

    Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Page One PLAY Distance Play Trigger Play Type Amp Q/Pch Q Time Speed Page Two PLAY TRIG Play Doppler Trigger Doppler The Doppler Program TYPE (Play Type) Everyone is familiar with the Doppler effect heard when TYPE affects the rate of change of the level of the a train or truck goes zooming by.
  • Page 78 Bank 8: the Pitch Change and Doppler Programs Page Two PLAY (Play Trigger) Identical to PLAY on page one. TRIGGER (Trigger Mode) TRIGGER sets the level of the audio trigger. At the maximum setting, the effect is triggered manually with PLAY or MIDI.

  • Page 79: Bank 9: The Mastering Programs

    Bank 9: the Mastering Programs This chapter describes the Mastering programs located in Bank 9. These in- clude The In/Out, Stereo Adjust, PONS Adjust, Stereo and Mono Parametric EQ, and Panorama.

  • Page 80: About The Stereo Adjust Parameters

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual The In/Out Program The In/Out program is a bypass program that feeds input signal unaltered through processors to outputs. This program has no adjustable parameters. Page One Fine Level Balance Bass EQ Treble EQ Stereo Level...
  • Page 81 Bank 9: the Mastering Programs If stereo material is recorded with a coincident pair of The result of this control is to change the separation of figure-of-eight microphones, moving the ROT slider is low frequency stereo signals. When the control is exactly equivalent to rotating the microphone pair.
  • Page 82 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Shuffler AUTO (Automatic DC Cut) Shuffler is designed to be used with Binaural record- Enables routines for correcting DC offset from material ings, or with any recording technique involving only recorded through analog-to-digital converters that are omnidirectional microphones placed at close dis- not properly trimmed for DC.
  • Page 83 Bank 9: the Mastering Programs Page One Treble R Level Fine Level Treble Left LDB Balance R Rotate Page Two Bass Left Bass Xover Treble Xover Spatial EQ Bass Right Flip & Swap Page Three PONS SHUF Shelf Dither Noise Shaping Shuffler The PONS Adjust Program BAL (Balance)
  • Page 84 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page Two Flip & Swap (Right Channel Phase Invert) Enables either a change of audio channels, or a polar- XOV (Bass Crossover) ity inversion in one or both channels. This change is XOV sets the crossover point for BAS and SPC . When made in the digital domain.
  • Page 85 Bank 9: the Mastering Programs Page One Fine Level LDB Balance R Fine Frequency L Fine Frequency R Stereo Level Stereo Link Page Two FR1L FR1R Filter 1 Left FIlter Level FIlter Level FIlter 1 Right Page Three FR2L FR2R Filter 2 Left FIlter Level FIlter 2 Right...
  • Page 86 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page Two Page Three FR-1 L and FR-1R FR-1 L and FR-1R These controls allow frequency settings to be adjusted These controls allow frequency settings to be inde- independently on either the left or the right channel.
  • Page 87 Bank 9: the Mastering Programs Page One Level Fine Level Fine Freq. 2 Fine Freq. 1 Page Two FR-LM FR-LF Low-Mid Freq. Low Frequency Level Level Page Three FR-HM FR-HF Level High-Mid Freq. High Freq. Level Notch (Q=16 or Q=32) The Shelf (SL) on Page Two About the Mono Parametric EQ Parameters filters is a low frequency shelf.
  • Page 88 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One Dry Input Left Channel In Right Channel In Effect Speaker Angle L-R Boost The Panorama (Binauaral) Program Panorama is a crosstalk elimination program. It in- Setting up the program for this application is best done creases the apparent width of stereo sounds by elimi- with a noise source at the input.

  • Page 89: Pons Adjust

    Bank 9: the Mastering Programs LFB may also be useful in film mixing in a matrixed 5 Invert L-R surround system. It will tend to send low frequencies into the surround. For this application, be sure to set Center Center Flat Flat EFF to 0.
  • Page 90 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Program Descriptions 1 The In/Out 6 Channel Swap A bypass program that feeds an input signal unaltered A variation of Stereo Adjust that has the Flip & Swap parameter preset to swap left and right channel input through the processors.

  • Page 91: Bank 10: The Compressor Programs

    Bank 10: the Compressor Programs This chapter describes the Compressor programs located in Bank 10.

  • Page 92: About The Compressor Parameters

    Bank 10: the Compressor Programs Page One GAIN Release Time Const Front Delay Slope Maximum Gain Threshold Down Attack Time Const Page Two Expander Slope Expander Gain Expander Thresh The Compressor/Expander Program About the parameters Compressor is a stereo compressor program, with a user interface similar to several mastering compres- sors.
  • Page 93 Bank 10: the Compressor Programs ATC (Attack Time Constant) EXT (Expander Threshold) ATC adjusts the speed with which the compressor EXT sets the level below which expansion starts. When responds to an increase in input level. The nominal the expansion is intended to apply to the whole pro- value is about 30ms.
  • Page 94 Bank 10: the Compressor Programs Program Descriptions 6 FM GAIN 1 2.00=1 Compressor 15.64ms 14.22=1 15dB 15ms 58ms A two-to-one compressor/expander with time con- stants optimized for both processes. 1.88=1 -40dB 2 6.24=1 Compressor 7 Nailed A more aggressive compressor/expander that pro- GAIN vides more overall loudness than 2.00=1 Compressor.

  • Page 95: Banks 11-12: The Random Halls And

    Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program This chapter describes the Random Hall programs located in Bank 11, and the Ran- dom Spaces programs located in Bank 12.
  • Page 96 Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program Page One Reverb Time Shape Spread High Freq Cutoff Predelay Size Page Two Bass Multiply Crossover High Freq Cutoff Diffusion Mode Wet/Dry Mix Page Three ECHO L>L R>R R>L L>R SPin Wander Page Four ECHO Delay 1...
  • Page 97 Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program SPREAD Additional delay added with the PREDELAY control SPREAD works together with SHAPE to control the can increase the initial time gap slightly, emulating a contour of the overall ambience of the sound created situation where reverberant pick-up microphones are by the 480L.
  • Page 98 Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program MODE SPN (Spin) Selects between linked and unlinked modes of opera- SPN is identical to the spin control in the EFFECTS tion for RT MID, SHP, SPR, and SIZ parameters. The program. It affects the movement of many of the delay Reverb mode maintains optimum relational values taps in the program.
  • Page 99 Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program Programs — Bank 11: Random Hall 1 Large RHall 6 Sm RHall & Stage 2.09s 3402Hz 1.12s 4611Hz x1.2 493Hz 3591Hz All Fx x1.0 493Hz 3591Hz All Fx LVL1 LVL2 LVL3 LVL4 LVL1 LVL2 LVL3...
  • Page 100 Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program The Random Halls Program 2 Lg RHall + Stage Like the programs in Bank 1 (480L Hall), the Random Lg RHall + Stage is similar to Large RHall, except that Hall programs in Bank 11 are designed to emulate real the musicians are located at one end of the hall, and concert halls.
  • Page 101 Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program Programs — Bank 12: Random Spaces 1 Music Club R 6 Large Chamber R 1.06s 7181Hz 0.90s 7181Hz x1.0 752Hz 3591Hz All Fx x1.0 1158Hz 5538Hz All Fx LVL1 LVL2 LVL3 LVL4 LVL1 LVL2 LVL3...
  • Page 102 Banks 11-12: the Random Halls and Spaces Program Program Descriptions 5 Very Small The Random Spaces presets are similar to the Room presets located in Bank 2. Most of the presets simulate Very Small has the intimate, close feel of a bedroom or den.

  • Page 103: Banks 13-14: The Ambience Programs

    Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs This chapter describes the Ambience programs located in Bank 13 and the Post-Ambience programs located in Bank 14.

  • Page 104: About The Ambience Parameters

    Wet/Dry Mix The Ambience Program About the parameters Page 1 The Lexicon 480L reverberation programs (HALLS and ROOMS Banks) are designed to add a cushion of reverberance to recorded music, while leaving the RT (Reverb Time) clarity of the direct sound unaffected. Ambience is This control is not of great importance to the sound.
  • Page 105 Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Page 2 Using the AMBIENCE Program to Match Recorded Ambience SPN (Spin) On Page One, set Reverb Level (Slider 2) to 0. You SPN is identical to the spin control in the EFFECTS should now be listening to the ambient build of the algorithm.
  • Page 106 Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Listen only to the returns of the 480L. If you have Front to rear panning is equal send level X2. closely approximated the HF contour and size of the Rear L-R panning is unequal send level. space, moving MIX should yield a smooth transition Front L-R panning is the console pan control from the rear of the space to the original sound source...
  • Page 107 Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Programs — Bank 13: Ambience 1 Very Lg Ambience 6 Heavy Ambience 3.34s 2862Hz All Fx 1.68s 3591Hz All Fx 7098µs All Fx 7098µs 19.96ms All Fx 2 Large Ambience 7 Ambient Hall 2.75s 2862Hz All Fx 3.0s 2198Hz...
  • Page 108 Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Program Descriptions 5 Strong Ambience The prrograms listed above for the AMBIENCE pro- The room size is larger than Medium Ambience, but the gram were designed to emulate the real spaces typi- RT LEVEL has been reduced to provide a strong cally required for music, jingle, and post-production "wash"...
  • Page 109 Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs The Post Ambience Program The Post Ambience Program bank (14) contains a 6 Small Foley group of programs that are optimized to meet the requirements of post production. Several algorithms 0.18s 1.5M 6.315k Al Fx are used in this bank.
  • Page 110 Banks 13-14: the Ambience Programs Program Descriptions 6 Small Foley (Ambience) 1 Car Interior (Random Hall) This program uses the Ambience algorithm for foley It's a 4-door. Raise the value of Shape to make it a applications. Moving Size from its 1.5M setting, will station wagon.
  • Page 111 Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs This chapter describes the PrimeTime III programs located in Bank 15.
  • Page 112 Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs Page One Speed L Speed R Max Pitch Shift L Window L Window R Max Pitch Shift R Page Two Predelay Predelay Dry Delay L Dry Delay R Treble Cut Wet/Dry Mix Page Three Feedback Level L Feedback Level R Cross Feedback L...
  • Page 113 Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs Page 2 Programs — Bank 12: Prime Time III PDL and PDR (Left and Right Predelays) 1 Prime Chorus PDL and PDR are predelay lines which are indepen- dently set for left and right. The entire modulation effect 59smp 31smp takes place within these two delay lines.
  • Page 114 Bank 15: the Prime Time III Programs 2 Slap Chorus 6 Shake It Up Similar to Prime Chorus except a longer predelay is utilized. Great for chunky electric guitar rhythm pads. 23smp 31smp Reduce feedbacks and cross feedbacks for less de- cay.
  • Page 115 Bank 16: the Freq. Stuff Programs This chapter describes the Frequency Dynamics and Distression programs located in Bank 16.
  • Page 116 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One Treble Slope Treble Rotate Treble Max Gain Xover Frequency Xover Mix High Freq Cut Page Two Release Time Const Lo Freq Comp Ratio Lo Freq Rotation Pt Lo Freq Max Gain Attack Time Const...

  • Page 117: Bank 16: The Freq. Stuff Programs

    Bank 16: the Freq. Stuff Programs Programs — Bank 16: Frequency Dynamics 1 Mix Finish Program Descriptions 27dB 7.4K FULL 1 Mix Finish This preset adds a nice compressed top end (>7.4k) to 8.23 any mix. The low end component is also “pressed” up GATE as well.

  • Page 118: Parameters

    Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Page One Distortion Mix Expansion Mix Xover Frequency Xover Mix Distortion Gain High Freq Cut Page Two Treble Slope Treble Rotate Treble Max Gain Expansion Slope Sustain Distortion Hi Pass Page Three Release Time Const Front Delay...
  • Page 119 Bank 16: the Freq. Stuff Programs Page 2 Page 3 TSL (Treble Slope) DLY (Front Delay) TSL defines the ratio of the high-frequency compres- DLY determines the amount audio delay before the sor. A LARC value of 128 equals a 2:1 compression compressor modules.
  • Page 120 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Programs — Bank 16: Distression 6 Carbon Mic Program Descriptions 181Hz 5.5k allfx 6 Carbon Mic The sound from 1938. This preset sends a soft amount 17dB 304Hz of treble gain into the distressor. The treble component starts at 181Hz.
  • Page 121 Bank 17: the Test & Reference Programs This chapter describes the Test & Reference programs located in Bank 17. These are: The Oscillator Programs (1-8) Pink Noise (9) Binaural Simulator (0)
  • Page 122 Bank 17: the Test & Reference Programs Page One ILEV Level Decade Frequency Accuracy Input Level Wave Form The Oscillator Program Unlike standard 480L programs, the Oscillator FRQ (Frequency) reconfigures the mainframe so that signal no longer Sets the frequency of the oscillator, and displays the passes from inputs to outputs.
  • Page 123 Bank 17: the Test & Reference Programs Programs — Bank 17: Oscillator Programs — Bank 17: Pink Noise 1 100Hz-12dB 9 Pink Noise ILEV -12dB 100.00 -12dB Program Description 2 500Hz-17dB ILEV The Pink Noise program produces filtered noise with -17dB 500.00 equal energy per octave.
  • Page 124 Bank 17: the Test & Reference Programs About the Parameters DWC (Dry Treble Width Control) Low pass frequency for the direct sound synthesizer. Page One For maximum width this control should be set between DRY (Dry Level) 500Hz and 1.5kHz. Controls the level of the direct sound.

  • Page 125: Midi And The 480L

    MIDI and the 480L This section describes the use of MIDI with the 480L.
  • Page 126 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Introduction Basic MIDI Setup Most uses of MIDI with the 480L fall into one of four 1. Press CTRL to enter the control mode. basic categories: 2. Press PAGE, 5 to go to page 5. • Automatic selection of a 480L program or register when a program is selected on any other MIDI device 3.
  • Page 127 Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L MIDI In MIDI Out MIDI Out MIDI Controller/Synthesizer Sequencer MIDI In 480L DIGITAL EFFECTS SYSTEM exicon Connecting a Keyboard, Sequencer, and the 480L. Applications numbered from 1.1 to 1.8, 2.1 to 2.8, and so forth. If you experiment a bit, the relationship between the MIDI controllers preset numbers and the MIDI program Using a MIDI Keyboard to Control the 480L...
  • Page 128 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual The corresponding register table is found on page 5 of 2. Load one of the sampler programs in Bank 6 or 7. the control mode. To use it: 3. Press CTRL to enter the control mode.
  • Page 129 Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L A single note can be patched to trigger an event, or a the case whether you are controlling the parameter range of notes can control a single event. The following remotely via MIDI, or from the unit's front panel. We procedure assumes you have made MIDI connections considered locking out these parameters, but after and set the 480L's MIDI channels.
  • Page 130 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Controlling a 480L from a Sequencer MIDI SysEx Data Dumps Since you can control the 480L in real time with MIDI MIDI Bulk Dumps controllers, it stands to reason that you could record Bulk Data dumps are handled through the Control your manipulation of those controllers with a MIDI mode as a Copy function.
  • Page 131 Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L MIDI Implementation Lexicon 480L Function Transmitted Recognized Remarks Basic Default Channel Channel 1-16 Mode Defaullt Mode Messages Altered Note 0-127 Used as controller Number True Voice Velocity Note ON 1-127 Used as controller Note OFF...
  • Page 132 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Sysex Message Formats 480 Generic System Exclusive Message Format System Exclusive ID Lexicon ID 480 ID 0ccc nnnn Message Class and Sysex Device ID ccc = Message Class 0-7 nnnn = Channel Device ID 0-15 0sssssss...
  • Page 133 Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L Event Data Format 480 System Exclusive Header Parameter Data Message Class, Sysex Channel Device ID Subclass = Control Class Global Controls $3-$4 Program Controls Machine A and Machine B $5-$6 Patch Controls Machine A and Machine B $7-$8 Process Controls Machine A and Machine B $9-$A...
  • Page 134 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Active Bulk Data Format Active Machines A and B 480 System Exclusive Header Parameter Data Message Class, Sysex Channel Device ID 0sss ssss Subclass = Active Class Active Machine A Active Machine B Nibblized Setup Index...
  • Page 135 Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L MIDI Program Table Map Format 480 System Exclusive Header Parameter Data Message Class, Sysex Channel Device ID Subclass = Machine p = 0 =Machine A p = 1 = Machine B Nibblized Data Bytes Most Significant Bits 4 bits (out of 12) 4 bits ( out of 12)
  • Page 136 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Understanding Events and Parameters The system of events and parameters used by the 480 is directly accessible using the automation mode. These events and parameters have a direct relationship to the events and parameters available from the LARC. Every parameter and event seen on the LARC can be changed using automation.
  • Page 137 Appendix A: MIDI and the 480L Understanding Preset and Register Indexes Presets and Registers share a range of indexes to represent locations within the 480 software. All indexes are in the range of 1-1023. The range 1-923 is reserved for presets. Currently presets 1-210 are available. Indexes between the range of 924 and 973 are internal registers and 974 through 1023.

  • Page 138: Solving Problems

    Solving Problems This section describes some common problems and their solutions.
  • Page 139 Before a cartridge is used for the first time, it must be port will blow an internal power supply fuse and shut formatted. While this is generally done at the Lexicon down the 480L. factory or by your dealer, it is possible that you have obtained an unformatted cartridge.
  • Page 140 Appendix B: Solving Problems LARC Diagnostic Programs To enter the LARC diagnostic test mode, after the 480L has powered up and resumed normal operation, press PAGE and, while holding it down, press PROG. To scroll through the menu, press PAGE; to load a dis- played program, press PROG.

  • Page 141: Specifications

    Specifications This section contains the specifications for the 480L.
  • Page 142 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Specifications The following specifications are subject to change without notice. Audio Audio Inputs (Two) Levels +6 to +28 dBm; electronically IM Distortion Channel Separation balanced <0.05% SMPTE IM @ limit level +6 to +28 dBm; unbalanced >75 dB @ 1 kHz or >70 dB, 20 Hz to 20 kHz...
  • Page 143 Appendix C: Specifications Interface Miscellaneous Digital Audio Interface Nonvolatile Memory Cartridge Interface PCM 1610-compatible digital I/O; CMOS static RAM with built-in lithium battery provides 18-bit word length capability; storage for registers; write-protect switch prevents slaveable to 48 kHz, 44.1 kHz, or accidental erasure of contents 44.056 kHz external word clock Serviceability...

  • Page 144: Voltage Changeover And Optional Transformers

    Voltage Changeover and Optional Transformers This section describes voltage changeover and installation of optional transformers.
  • Page 145 Please note which is located just to the right of the power connector. that transformers are not available from Lexicon. They Pry the cartridge out so that it drops out of the chassis.
  • Page 146 Appendix D: Voltage Changeover and Installation of Optional Transformers 8. After wiring, mount the transformers to the side of the chassis, using the brackets supplied with the trans- formers. For the 480L outputs, we recommend Jensen JE-123- SLPC transformers. 1. Remove R45, 46, 78, 79, 80, 82, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 128, 129, 130,131, and 132.

  • Page 147: Control Mode Reference

    Control Mode Reference This section contains descriptions of each parameter in the Control Mode.
  • Page 148 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual Control Mode - Reference Section The following list contains a brief description of every Page Two parameter in the control mode, listed in order by page number. Page 2 contains controls related to copying and mov- ing registers.
  • Page 149 Appendix E: Control Mode Reference PRO (Register Protect) SCL/LOW (Scaling Factor/Low Note) PRO has four options: When SRC is set to a MIDI controller, last note, or last velocity, this slider sets the scaling. Scaling determines • OFF (no protection) the relationship between settings of the MIDI controller •...
  • Page 150 Lexicon 480L Owner's Manual PGM (Program Change Mode) 480L Power-Up State Pgm determines what the 480L will do with incoming Normally if power is lost, or turned off, and then MIDI program changes. PGM has three options: restored, the 480L will return to its last previous state.

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