Arcteq AQ-T215 Instruction Manual
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Arcteq AQ-T215 Instruction Manual

Transformer protection device
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AQ-T215
Transformer protection device
Instruction manual

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Summary of Contents for Arcteq AQ-T215

  • Page 1 AQ-T215 Transformer protection device Instruction manual...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    3.9 Configuring user levels and their passwords................. 53 4 Functions unctions ...................................................... 56 4.1 Functions included in AQ-T215.................... 56 4.2 Measurements........................58 4.2.1 Current measurement and scaling ................58 4.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling ................73 4.2.3 Voltage memory ......................85 4.2.4 Power and energy calculation ..................
  • Page 3 6 Connections and applic 6 Connections and applica a tion examples tion examples..................................446 6.1 Connections of AQ-T215 ....................446 6.2 Application example and its connections................448 6.3 Trip circuit supervision (95) ....................449 7 Construction and installa 7 Construction and installation tion ....................
  • Page 4 8.2.1.19 Transformer status monitoring..............507 8.2.1.20 Resistance temperature detectors (RTD) ..........508 8.2.1.21 Arc fault protection (IArc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50NArc) (optional) ..... 508 8.2.2 Control functions ..................... 509 8.2.2.1 Automatic voltage regulator (90)..............509 8.2.2.2 Setting group selection ................510 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 5 8.3 Tests and environmental ....................518 9 Or 9 Ordering inf dering informa ormation tion ..............................................521 10 Contact and r 10 Contact and re e f f er erence inf ence informa ormation tion....................................523 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 6 Nothing contained in this document shall increase the liability or extend the warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and/or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instructions contained herein or caused by persons who do not fulfil the aforementioned requirements.

  • Page 7: Document Inf

    - Order codes revised. - Added double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module and Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module descriptions Revision 2.02 Date 7.7.2020 Changes - A number of image descriptions improved. Revision 2.03 Date 27.8.2020 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 8 - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - Improved and updated device user interface display images. - AQ-T215 Functions included list Added: Running hour counter, under- and overfrequency, rate-of-change-of-frequency, overpower, underpower, reverse power, voltage memory, indicator objects, cold load pick-up, vector jump protection, synchrocheck, fault locator, programmable control switch, mA output control and measurement recorder.
  • Page 9 Revision 2.09 Date 14.3.2023 - Updated the Arcteq logo on the cover page and refined the manual's visual look. - Added the "Safety information" chapter and changed the notes throughout the document accordingly. - Changed the "IED user interface" chapter's title to "Device user interface" and replaced all 'IED' terms with 'device' or 'unit'.

  • Page 10: Version 1 Revision Notes

    Table. 1.2 - 2. Version 1 revision notes Revision 1.00 Date 18.11.2014 Changes • The first revision for AQ-T215. Revision 1.01 Date 26.1.2015 • Added the double LC 100Mb Ethernet module and the RS-232 & serial fiber module hardware descriptions.

  • Page 11: Abbreviations

    CBFP – Circuit breaker failure protection CLPU – Cold load pick-up CPU – Central processing unit CT – Current transformer CTM – Current transformer module CTS – Current transformer supervision DG – Distributed generation DHCP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 12 RMS – Root mean square RSTP – Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RTD – Resistance temperature detector RTU – Remote terminal unit SCADA – Supervisory control and data acquisition SG – Setting group SOTF – Switch-on-to-fault SW – Software © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 13 A A Q Q -T215 -T215 1.4 Abbreviations Instruction manual Version: 2.09 THD – Total harmonic distortion TRMS – True root mean square VT – Voltage transformer VTM – Voltage transformer module VTS – Voltage transformer supervision © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 14: General

    Version: 2.09 2 General The AQ-T215 voltage regulating is a member of the AQ 200 product line. The hardware and software are modular: the hardware modules are assembled and configured according to the application's I/O requirements and the software determines the available functions. This manual describes the specific application of the AQ-T215 voltage regulating device.

  • Page 15: Device User Int Vice User Interface Erface

    5. Eight (8) buttons for device local programming: the four navigation arrows and the E E nt nter er button in the middle, as well as the Home Home, the Back Back and the password activation buttons. 6. One (1) RJ-45 Ethernet port for device configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 16: Mimic And Main Menu

    LEDs you have set. The password activation button (with the padlock icon ) takes you to the password menu where you can enter the passwords for the various user levels (User, Operator, Configurator, and Super-user). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 17: Navigation In The Main Configuration Menus

    The General main menu is divided into two submenus: the Device info tab presents the information of the device, while the Function comments tab allows you to view all comments you have added to the functions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 18 A A Q Q -T215 -T215 3 Device user interface Instruction manual 3.3 General menu Version: 2.09 Figure. 3.3 - 4. General menu structure. Device info Figure. 3.3 - 5. Device info. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 19 If set to 0 s, this feature is not in use. 0: - When activated, all LEDs are lit up. LEDs with LED test 0: - 1: Activated multiple possible colors blink each color. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 20 Monitor profile Function comments Function comments displays notes of each function that has been activated in the Protection, Control and Monitoring menu. Function notes can be edited by the user. Figure. 3.3 - 6. Function comments. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 21: Protection Menu

    The Protection main menu includes the Stage activation submenu as well as the submenus for all the various protection functions, categorized under the following modules: "Arc protection", "Current", "Voltage", "Frequency", "Sequence" and "Supporting" (see the image below). The available functions depend on the device type in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 22 For example, the I> (overcurrent) protection stage can be found in the "Current" module, whereas the U< (undervoltage) protection stage can be found in the "Voltage" module. Figure. 3.4 - 9. Submenus for Stage activation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 23 Figure. 3.4 - 10. Accessing the submenu of an individual activated stage. Each protection stage and supporting function has five sections in their stage submenus: "Info", "Settings", " Registers", "I/O" and "Events". Figure. 3.4 - 11. Info. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 24 Voltage and current transformers nominal values can be set at Measurement → Transformers . • Delay type and operating time delay settings are described in detail in General properties of a protection function chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 25 Data included in the register depend on the protection function. You can clear the the operation register by choosing "Clear registers" → "Clear". "General event register" stores the event generated by the stage. These general event registers cannot be cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 26 "Blocking input control" allows you to block stages. The blocking can be done by using any of the following: • digital inputs • logical inputs or outputs • the START, TRIP or BLOCKED information of another protection stage • object status information. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 27: Control Menu

    , for configuring the objects ( Objects) , for setting the various control functions ( Control functions) , and for configuring the inputs and outputs ( Device I/O) . The available control functions depend on the model of the device in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 28 • F F or orce se ce set t ting gr ting group change oup change: this setting allows the activation of a setting group at will (please note that Force SG change enable must be "Enabled"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 29 Each activated object is visible in the Objects submenu. By default all objects are disabled unless specifically activated in the Controls → Controls enabled submenu. Each active object has four sections in their submenus: "Settings", "Application control" ("App contr"), "Registers" and "Events". These are described in further detail below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 30 A request is considered to have failed when the object does not change its status as a result of that request. • C C lear sta lear statistics tistics: statistics can be cleared by choosing "Clear statistics" and then "Clear". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 31 By default, the access level is set to "Configurator". • You can use digital inputs to control the object locally or remotely. Remote controlling via the bus is configured on the protocol level. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 32 Object blocking is done in the "Blocking input control" subsection. It can be done by any of the following: digital inputs, logical inputs or outputs, object status information as well as stage starts, trips or blocks. Figure. 3.5 - 23. Registers section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 33 In the image series below, the user has activated three control functions. The user accesses the list of activated control stages through the "Control functions" module, and selects the control function for further inspection. Figure. 3.5 - 25. Control functions submenu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 34 While the function is activated and disabled in the Control → Controls enabled submenu, you can disable the function through the "Info" section (the [function name] mode at the top of the section). Figure. 3.5 - 27. Settings section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 35 Data included in the register depend on the control function. You can clear the the operation register by choosing "Clear registers" → "Clear". "General event register" stores the event generated by the stage. These general event registers cannot be cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 36 "Blocking input control" allows you to block stages. The blocking can be done by using any of the following: • digital inputs. • logical inputs or outputs. • the START, TRIP or BLOCKED information of another protection stage. • object status information. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 37 Mimic Indicator", "Logic signals" and "GOOSE matrix". Please note that digital inputs, logic outputs, protection stage status signals (START, TRIP, BLOCKED, etc.) as well as object status signals can be connected to an output relay or to LEDs in the "Device I/O matrix" section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 38 "Event masks" subsection you can determine which events are masked –and therefore recorded into the event history– and which are not. Figure. 3.5 - 33. Digital outputs section. All settings related to digital outputs can be found in the "Digital outputs" section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 39 LED quick displays and the matrices. You can also modify the color of the LED ("LED color settings") between green and yellow; by default all LEDs are green. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 40 These signals can be used in a variety of situations, such as for controlling the logic program, for function blocking, etc. You can name each switch and set the access level to determine who can control the switch. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 41 Logical output signals can be used as the end result of a logic that has been built in the AQtivate 200 setting tool. The end result can then be connected to a digital output or a LED in the matrix, block functions and much more. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 42: Communication Menu

    Communication → Connections submenu. As a standard, the devices support the following communication protocols: • NTP • IEC 61850 • Modbus/TCP • Modbus/RTU • IEC-103 • IEC -101/104 • SPA • DNP3 • ModbusIO. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 43 When communicating with a device via the front Ethernet port connection, the IP address is always 192.168.66.9. SERIAL COM1 & COM2 SERIAL COM1 & COM2 SERIAL COM1 and SERIAL COM2 are reserved for serial communication option cards. They have the same settings as the RS-485 port. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 44 • DNP3: supports both serial and Ethernet communication. • ModbusIO: used for connecting external devices like ADAM RTD measurement units. NOTICE! TICE! Please refer to the "Communication" chapter for a more detailed text on the various communication options. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 45: Measurement Menu

    Transformers menu is used for setting up the measurement settings of available current transformer modules or voltage transformer modules. Some unit types have more than one CT or VT module. Some unit types like AQ-S214 do not have current or voltage transformers at all. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 46 U4 channel can be set to work as residual voltage mode or "SS" (system set) mode, which can be used for synchrochecking, synchronizing and other uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 47 Ref1, fRef2 and fRef3. With these parameters it is possible to set up three voltage or current channels to be used for frequency sampling. Parameter "f.meas in use" indicates which of the three channels are used for sampling if any. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 48 (IL1, IL2, IL3) as well as the two residual currents (I01, I02); each component can be displayed as absolute or percentage values, and as primary or secondary amperages or in per-unit values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 49 • "Harmonics" displays harmonics up to the 31 harmonic for all four voltages (U1, U2, U3, U4); each component can be displayed as absolute or percentage values, and as primary or secondary voltages or in per-unit values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 50 "Energy measurements" displays the three-phase energy as well as the energies of the individual phases. Impedance calculations Figure. 3.7 - 50. Impedance calculations submenu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 51: Monitoring Menu

    ( Disturbance REC ) and accessing the device diagnostics ( Device diagnostics ). The available monitoring functions depend on the type of the device in use. Figure. 3.8 - 52. Monitoring menu view. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 52 Configuring monitor functions is very similar to configuring protection and control stages. They, too, have the five sections that display information ("Info"), set the parameters ("Settings"), show the inputs and outputs ("I/O") and present the events and registers ("Events" and "Registers"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 53 • "Pretriggering time" can be selected between 0.1…15.0 s. • The device can record up to 20 (20) analog channels that can be selected from the twenty (20) available channels. Every measured current or voltage signal can be selected to be recorded. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 54: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    L L ock ock button in the device's HMI and set the desired passwords for the different user levels. NOTICE! TICE! Passwords can only be set locally in an HMI. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 55 As mentioned above, the access level of the different user levels is indicated by the number of stars. The required access level to change a parameter is indicated with a star (*) symbol if such is required. As a general rule the access levels are divided as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 56 • Super user: Can change any setting and can operate breakers and other equipment. NOTICE! TICE! Any user level with a password automatically locks itself after half an hour (30 minutes) of inactivity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 57: Functions Unctions

    Instruction manual Version: 2.09 4 Functions 4.1 Functions included in AQ-T215 The AQ-T215 transformer protection relay includes the following functions as well as the number of stages in those functions. Table. 4.1 - 4. Protection functions of AQ-T215. Name (number...
  • Page 58 Reverse power protection PGS (1) PGx>/< Programmable stage ARC (1) IArc>/I0Arc> 50Arc/50NArc Arc fault protection (optional) Table. 4.1 - 5. Control functions of AQ-T215. Name ANSI Description Setting group selection Object control and monitoring (5 objects available) Indicator object monitoring...

  • Page 59: Measurements

    Name ANSI Description ΔV/Δa/Δf Synchrocheck Automatic voltage regulator Programmable control switch mA output Milliampere output control Table. 4.1 - 6. Monitoring functions of AQ-T215. Name ANSI Description Current transformer supervision Voltage transformer supervision Disturbance recorder 21FL Fault locator Circuit breaker wear monitor...
  • Page 60 For the measurements to be correct the user needs to ensure that the measurement signals are connected to the correct inputs, that the current direction is connected to the correct polarity, and that the scaling is set according to the nominal values of the current transformer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 61 CT in Input I02: T in Input I02: L L oad ( oad (nominal): nominal): • CT primary: 100 A • I0CT primary: 10 A 36 A • CT secondary: 5 A • I0CT secondary: 1 A © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 62 If the protected object's nominal current is chosen to be the basis for the per-unit scaling, the option "Object in p.u." is selected for the "Scale meas to In" setting (see the image below). Figure. 4.2.1 - 60. Setting the phase current transformer scalings to the protected object's nominal current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 63 The first of the two images shows how the measurements are displayed when the CT primary values are the basis for the scaling; the second shows them when the protected object's nominal current is the basis for the scaling. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 64 Zero sequence CT scaling (ZCT scaling) is done when a zero sequence CT instead of a ring core CT is part of the measurement connection. In such a case the zero sequence CT should be connected to the I02 channel which has lower CT scaling ranges (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 65 The measured current amplitude does not match one of the measured Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the CTs and the device. phases./ The calculated I0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 66 The following image presents the most common problems with phase polarity. Problems with phase polarity are easy to find because the vector diagram points towards the opposite polarity when a phase has been incorrectly connected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 67 If two phases are mixed together, the network rotation always follows the pattern IL1-IL3-IL2 and the measured negative sequence current is therefore always 1.00 (in. p.u.). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 68 5 to connector 6, with the secondary currents' starpoint pointing towards the line. A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that CT scaling is the ratio between the primary current and the factor P/S secondary current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 69 9 to connector A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that is the scaling ratio between the primary current and the secondary factor P/S current. Measurements The following measurements are available in the measured current channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 70 TRMS Sec") Table. 4.2.1 - 14. Phase angle measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Phase angle The phase angle measurement from each of the three phase 0.00…360.00 0.01 ("Pha.angle current inputs. ILx") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 71 0.00…300.00 0.01 calculated current channel I0. ("Sec.calc.I0") Secondary residual The secondary TRMS current (inc. harmonics up to 31 current I0x TRMS 0.00…300.00 0.01 measurement from the secondary residual current channel (Res.curr.I0x TRMS I01 or I02. Sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 72 Secondary positive sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Positive sequence positive sequence current. curr.") Secondary negative sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Negative sequence negative sequence current. curr") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 73 Displays the selected harmonic from the current input ILx or 0.01 ...31 000.00 I0x. harmonic) Ixx Amplitude % 0.000...100.000 0.001 Amplitude ratio THD voltage. Recognized by IEC. Ixx Power THD % 0.000...100.000 0.001 Power ratio THD voltage. Recognized by the IEEE. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 74: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    VT ratings. In the figure below, three line-to-neutral voltages are connected along with the zero sequence voltage; therefore, the 3LN+U4 mode must be selected and the U4 channel must be set as U0. Other possible connections are presented later in this chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 75 ( Protection → Voltage → [protection stage menu] → INFO ; see the image below). The number of available protection functions depends on the device type. Figure. 4.2.2 - 70. Selecting the measured magnitude. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 76 • 2LL+U3+U4 (two line-to-line voltages and the U3 and the U4 channels can be used for synchrochecking, zero sequence voltage, or for both) The 3LN+U0 is the most common voltage measurement mode. See below for example connections of voltage line-to-line measurement (3LL on the left, 2LL on the right). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 77 In the image below is an example of 2LL+U0+SS, that is, two line-to-line measurements with the zero sequence voltage and voltage from side 2 for Synchrocheck. Since U0 is available, line-to-neutral voltages can be calculated. Figure. 4.2.2 - 73. 2LL+U0+SS settings and connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 78 The measured voltage amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the VTs and the device. The calculated U0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 79 "U4 mode U0 or SS" has been set to 2: Open the "U0" mode. delta Voltage 0: Disabled Activates the voltage memory. The "Voltage memory" memory 1: Activated Disabled chapter describes the function in more detail. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 80 VT scaling A feedback value; the scaling factor for the primary factor p.u. Pri voltage's per-unit value. VT scaling A feedback value; the scaling factor for the factor p.u. Sec secondary voltage's per-unit value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 81 The secondary RMS voltage measurement from each of the voltage Ux 0.00…500.00 0.01 voltage channels. ("Ux Volt sec") Secondary voltage Ux 0.00…500.00 0.01 The secondary TRMS voltage (inc. harmonics up to 31 TRMS measurement from each of the voltage channels. ("UxVolt TRMS sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 82 ("Pos.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary negative 0.00…4 The secondary measurement from the calculated sequence voltage 0.01 800.00 negative sequence voltage. ("Neg.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary zero sequence 0.00…4 The secondary measurement from the calculated zero voltage 0.01 800.00 sequence voltage. ("Zero.seq.Volt.sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 83 UL1 mag") System voltage magnitude 0.00…1 The primary RMS line-to-neutral UL2 voltage (measured or calculated). You 0.01 can also select the row where the unit for this is kV. ("System 000.00 volt UL2 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 84 UL23 0.00…360.00 0.01 The primary line-to-line angle UL23 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL23 ang") System voltage angle UL31 0.00…360.00 0.01 The primary line-to-line angle UL23 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL31 ang") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 85 Defines how the harmonics are displayed: in p.u. values, as 1: Primary V display primary voltage values, or as secondary voltage values. 2: Secondary V Maximum 0.00…100 Displays the maximum harmonics value of the selected harmonics value 0.01 000.00 voltage input Ux. ("UxMaxH") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 86: Voltage Memory

    2. At least one phase current must be above the set value for the "Measured current condition 3I>" parameter. This setting limit is optional. Figure. 4.2.3 - 76. Distance protection characteristics and directional overcurrent. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 87 Table. 4.2.3 - 36. Measurement inputs of the voltage memory function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 88 When the "Forced CT f tracking" parameter is activated and voltages are gone, the frequency from the selected current-based reference channel 3 (the current from IL3) is used for current sampling. This eliminates any possible measurement errors in the fixed frequency mode. Figure. 4.2.3 - 78. Frequency reference channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 89: Power And Energy Calculation

    The following equations apply for power calculations with the line-to-neutral mode and the line- to-line voltage mode (with U0 connected and measured): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 90 The direction of reactive power is divided into four quadrants. Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions. Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan (φ) (tangent phi), which is calculated according the following formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 91 (i.e. wiring errors, wrong measurement modes, faulty frequency settings, etc.). Settings Table. 4.2.4 - 38. Power and energy measurement settings Name Range Step Default Description 3ph active 0: Disabled Enables/disables the active energy energy 1: Enabled Disabled measurement. measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 92 Reset energy calculators Resets the memory of the indivisual phase 0: - (per phase) 0: - energy calculator. Goes automatically back to 1: Reset ("Reset E per the "-" state after the reset is finished. phase") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 93 Table. 4.2.4 - 41. Three-phase power calculations. Name Unit Range Step Description The total three-phase apparent power in kilo-volt- 3PH Apparent power (S) 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 ampere 3PH Active power (P) 0.01 The total three-phase active power in kilowatts -1x10 …1x10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 94 0.01 The total amount of imported active energy. (kWh or MWh) 995 904.00 -999 999 995 Active Energy (P) Export/ The sum of imported and exported active 904.00…999 999 0.01 Import balance (kWh or MWh) energy. 995 904.00 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 95 The exported reactive energy of the phase while 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is imported. Imported (Q) while Import (P) Lx The imported reactive energy of the phase while 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is imported. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 96 L2 Tan an -0.83 L3 T L3 Tan an 0.11 3PH T H Tan an 0.00 L1 Cos L1 Cos 0.71 L2 Cos L2 Cos 0.77 L3 Cos L3 Cos 0.99 3PH Cos H Cos 0.87 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 97: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    The benefit of frequency tracking is that the measurements are within a pre-defined accuracy range even when the fundamental frequency of the power system changes. Frequency independent current and voltage measurement accuracy is achieved with algorithms specified in patent US 10,809,287. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 98 FFT calculation always has a whole power cycle in the buffer. The measurement accuracy is further improved by Arcteq's patented calibration algorithms that calibrate the analog channels against eight (8) system frequency points for both magnitude and angle.
  • Page 99 The second reference source for frequency 2: CT2IL2 1: CT1IL2 reference 2 tracking. 3: VT1U2 4: VT2U2 0: None 1: CT1IL3 Frequency 2: CT2IL3 1: CT1IL3 The third reference source for frequency tracking. reference 3 3: VT1U3 4: VT2U3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 100 Alg f avg 0.000…75.000Hz 0.001Hz - tracked frequencies and U4 voltage channel samples. 0: One f measured System 1: Two f Displays the amount of frequencies that are measured measured measured. frequency 2: Three f measured © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 101: General Menu

    The order code identification of the unit. System phase rotating order at The selected system phase rotating order. Can be changed with parameter the moment "System phase rotating order". UTC time The UTC time value which the device's clock uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 102 When a reset command is given, the parameter 1: Reset automatically returns back to "-". 0: Disabled Enables the measurement recorder tool, further Measurement recorder 0: Disabled 1: Enabled configured in Tools → Misc → Measurement recorder. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 103: Protection Functions

    4.4.1 General properties of a protection function The following flowchart describes the basic structure of any protection function. The basic structure is composed of analog measurement values being compared to the pick-up values and operating time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 104 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.4 Protection functions Version: 2.09 The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 105 Figure. 4.4.1 - 83. Pick up and reset. The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if a blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 106 (independent time characteristics). • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): activates the trip signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up value X and the measured value X (dependent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 107 Selects whether the delay curve series for an IDMT operation follows either IEC or IEEE/ANSI standard Delay curve 0: IEC defined characteristics. 0: IEC series 1: IEEE This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is set to "IDMT". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 108 "Param". Defines the Constant C for IEEE characteristics. This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" 0.0000…250.0000 0.0001 0.0200 parameter is set to "IDMT" and the "Delay characteristic" parameter is set to "Param". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 109 = Operating delay (s) t = Operating delay (s) k = Time dial setting k = Time dial setting = Measured maximum current = Measured maximum current = Pick-up setting = Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 110 1: Yes even if the pick-up element is reset. release time The behavior of the stages with different release time configurations are presented in the figures below. Figure. 4.4.1 - 87. No delayed pick-up release. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 111 4.4 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.1 - 88. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. Figure. 4.4.1 - 89. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 112: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 113 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional overcurrent function. Figure. 4.4.2 - 91. Simplified function block diagram of the I> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 114 Table. 4.4.2 - 54. General settings of the function. Name Range Default Description Disabled Setting control Activating this parameter allows changing the pick-up level of the from comm bus Disabled protection stage via SCADA. Allowed © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 115 0.10…50.00×I 0.01×I 1.20×I Pick-up setting The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 116 START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. Table. 4.4.2 - 57. Internal inrush harmonic blocking settings. Name Range Step Default Description Inrush harmonic blocking 0: No Enables and disables the 2 0: No (internal-only trip) 1: Yes harmonic blocking. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 117 Block ON NOC1 Block OFF NOC1 Phase A Start ON NOC1 Phase A Start OFF NOC1 Phase B Start ON NOC1 Phase B Start OFF NOC1 Phase C Start ON NOC1 Phase C Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 118 Phase B Trip OFF NOC2 Phase C Trip ON NOC2 Phase C Trip OFF NOC3 Start ON NOC3 Start OFF NOC3 Trip ON NOC3 Trip OFF NOC3 Block ON NOC3 Block OFF NOC3 Phase A Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 119 NOC4 Phase C Start OFF NOC4 Phase A Trip ON NOC4 Phase A Trip OFF NOC4 Phase B Trip ON NOC4 Phase B Trip OFF NOC4 Phase C Trip ON NOC4 Phase C Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 120: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    (3) output signals. In the instant operating mode the function outputs START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 121 START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 122 Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.4.3 - 63. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description 0: Normal I0> 1: Start Displays status of the protection function. condition 2: Trip 3: Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 123 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 124 Trip OFF NEF2 Block ON NEF2 Block OFF NEF3 Start ON NEF3 Start OFF NEF3 Trip ON NEF3 Trip OFF NEF3 Block ON NEF3 Block OFF NEF4 Start ON NEF4 Start OFF NEF4 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 125: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The basic design of the protection function is the three-pole operation. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 126 Table. 4.4.4 - 67. Measurement inputs of the Idir> function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 127 I value. The setting value is common for all measured phases, and when the I exceeds the I value (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 128 . The angle of the positive sequence current I is compared to U angle, and if the fault is in the correct direction, it is possible to perform a trip when the amplitude of I or I increases above the pick-up limit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 129 In a short- circuit the angle comes from impedance calculation. Figure. 4.4.4 - 95. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 130 -1800.000...1800.00s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before to trip tripping occurs. meas The ratio between the highest measured phase current and the 0.00...1250.00I 0.01I at the pick-up value. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 131 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.4 - 72. Event messages. Event block name Event names DOC1 Start ON DOC1 Start OFF DOC1 Trip ON DOC1 Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 132 Trip ON DOC3 Trip OFF DOC3 Block ON DOC3 Block OFF DOC3 No voltage, Blocking ON DOC3 Voltage measurable, Blocking OFF DOC3 Measuring live angle ON DOC3 Measuring live angle OFF DOC3 Using voltmem ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 133 Event Event name Fault type L1-E...L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms averages Trip time remaining 0s...1800s Used SG Setting group 1...8 active Operating angle 0...250° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 134: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the directional earth fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 135 The selection of the used AI channel is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from a START or TRIP event. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 136 (or U0 ) value. When the I exceeds the I0 value it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Table. 4.4.5 - 76. Pick-up settings. Name Description Range Step Default Pick-up setting 0.005…40.00×I 0.001×I 1.20×I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 137 I0 angle blinder (Petersen coil earthed) -90.0…0.0° 0.1° -90° The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 138 Each outgoing feeder produces capacitance according to the zero sequence capacitive reactance of the line (ohms per kilometer). It is normal that in cable networks fault currents are higher than in overhead lines. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 139 In emergency situations a line with an earth fault can be used for a specific time. Figure. 4.4.5 - 99. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (Petersen coil earthed network model). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 140 This resistance includes the amplitude of the fault current. In undercompensated or overcompensated situations the resistive component does not change during the fault; therefore, selective tripping is ensured even when the network is slightly undercompensated or overcompensated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 141 Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission, distribution and industry. The phase angle setting of the tripping area is adjustable as is the base direction of the area (angle offset). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 142 CT errors. For all these reasons, Arcteq has developed an improved alternative to these traditional directional earth fault protections.
  • Page 143 No extra parameterization is required compared to the traditional method. The multi- criteria algorithm can be tested with COMTRADE files supplied by Arcteq. The function requires a connection of three-phase currents, residual current and residual voltage to operate correctly.
  • Page 144 START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. Table. 4.4.5 - 78. Internal inrush harmonic blocking settings. Name Description Range Step Default Inrush harmonic blocking 0: No Enables and disables the 2 0: No (internal-only trip) 1: Yes harmonic blocking. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 145 Trip ON DEF1 Trip OFF DEF1 Block ON DEF1 Block OFF DEF1 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF1 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF1 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF1 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF1 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF1 I0Cosfi Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 146 DEF3 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF3 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF3 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF3 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF3 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF3 I0Cosfi Trip OFF DEF3 I0Sinfi Trip ON DEF3 I0Sinfi Trip OFF DEF4 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 147 Fault U Start/Trip voltage (percentage of nominal) Fault U Start/Trip voltage (in Volts) fault angle 0...360° Trip time remaining 0 ms...1800s Used SG Setting group 1...8 active Network GND Unearthed, Petersen coil earthed, Earthed network © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 148: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the current unbalance function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 149 Phase L3 (C) measured RMS current 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 150 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 151 Unique to the current unbalance protection is the availability of the “Curve2” delay which follows the formula below: • t = Operating time • I = Calculated negative sequence 2meas • k = Constant k value (user settable delay multiplier) • I = Pick-up setting of the function © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 152 The triggering event of the function (START, TRIP or BLOCKED) is recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.6 - 85. Event messages. Event block name Event names CUB1 Start ON CUB1 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 153 Trip time Date and time Event Used SG current current current currents remaining Start/Trip Start I1, I2, IZ Setting dd.mm.yyyy Event Start/Trip -20ms -200ms mag. and group 1...8 hh:mm:ss.mss name current ms...1800s current current ang. active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 154: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional harmonic overcurrent function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 155 The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L1 (A) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic IL1FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 156 The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic I01FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 157 Table. 4.4.7 - 88. Operating mode selection settings. Name Range Default Description Normal Ih> force 1: Start Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage status to 2: Trip Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 158 (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Table. 4.4.7 - 89. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up setting 0.05…2.00×I 0.01×I 0.20×I (per unit monitoring) Pick-up setting Ih/IL 5.00…200.00% 0.01% 20.00% (percentage monitoring) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 159 This function supports definite time delay (DT) and inverse definite minimum time delay (IDMT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 160 Start ON HOC3 Start OFF HOC3 Trip ON HOC3 Trip OFF HOC3 Block ON HOC3 Block OFF HOC4 Start ON HOC4 Start OFF HOC4 Trip ON HOC4 Trip OFF HOC4 Block ON HOC4 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 161: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs of the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital input signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 162 RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 I02RMS RMS measurement of residual input I02 I0Calc Calculated residual current from the phase current inputs DOIN Monitors digital output relay status DIIN Monitors digital input status © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 163 Selects the residual current monitoring source, which can be 0: Not I0Input 1: I01 either from the two separate residual measurements (I01 and I02) or in use 2: I02 from the phase current's calculated residual current. 3: I0Calc © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 164 Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.4.8 - 98. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Description 0: Normal 1: Start CBFP condition 2: ReTrip Displays status of the protection function. 3: CBFP On 4: Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 165 CBFP starts the timer. This setting defines how long the CBFP 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.200s starting condition has to last before the CBFP signal is activated. The following figures present some typical cases of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 166 The retrip is wired from its own device output contact in parallel with the circuit breaker's redundant trip coil. The CBFP signal is normally wired from its device output contact to the incomer breaker. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 167 CBFP signal to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, both counters (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 168 (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 169 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included in the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 170 Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications and settings of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 171 CBFP signal is sent to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, the counter for CBFP resets as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 172 The time delay counter for CBFP is reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 173 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included to the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 174 A A Q Q -T215 -T215 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.4 Protection functions Version: 2.09 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 4.4.8 - 115. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 175 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.8 - 100. Event messages. Event block name Event names CBF1 Start ON CBF1 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 176: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    The restricted earth fault function constantly monitors phase currents and selected residual current instant values as well as calculated bias current and differential current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 177 The user can select inputs I01 or I02 for residual current measurement. Please note that when the function is in cable end differential mode, the difference is only calculated when the measured I0 current is available. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 178 CED mode. Operating characteristics The current-dependent pick-up and activation of the function are controlled by setting parameters, which define the current calculating method used as well as the operating characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 179 Setting for the second slope of the differential Slope 2 0.01…250.00% 0.01% 40.00% characteristics. Figure. 4.4.9 - 118. "I0 direction" parameter must be set to "Subtract" when current transformers are facing the same direction. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 180 Figure. 4.4.9 - 120. Differential characteristics for the I0d> function with default settings. The equations for the differential characteristics are the following: Figure. 4.4.9 - 121. Differential current (the calculation is based on user-selected inputs and direction). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 181 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. The following figures present some typical applications for this function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 182 CTs are still within the promised 5P class (which is probably the most common CT accuracy class). When the current natural unbalance is compensated in this situation, the differential settings may be set to be more sensitive and the natural unbalance does not, therefore, affect the calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 183 During an outside earth fault the circulating residual current in the faulty phase winding does not cause a trip because the comparison of the measured starpoint current and the calculated residual current differential is close to zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 184 If the fault is located inside of the transformer and thus inside of the protection area, the function catches the fault with high sensitivity. Since the measured residual current now flows in the opposite direction than in the outside fault situation, the measured differential current is high. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 185 TRIP-activated and BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 186: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 187 Table. 4.4.10 - 108. Measurement input of the U> function. Signal Description Time base RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 188 The selection of the AI channel in use is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 4.4.10 - 129. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 189 2LL+U3+U4 mode is in use. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 190 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left to trip before tripping occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 191 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 192 1: No 2: Yes time if the pick-up element is not activated during this time. release 2: Yes When disabled, the operating time counter is reset directly time after the pick-up element is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 193 Event block name Event names Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 194: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    (DT) mode and inverse definite minimum time (IDMT). The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • two block signal checks (undervoltage block or stage external signal) • time delay characteristics © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 195 Table. 4.4.11 - 117. Measurement inputs of the U< function. Signal Description Time base RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 196 The selection of the AI channel in use is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 4.4.11 - 133. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 197 2LL+U3+U4 mode is in use. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 198 Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. Figure. 4.4.11 - 136. Example of the block setting operation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 199 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 200 0.005...1800 s, the stage operates as independent delayed. This setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected Time dial delay type. 0.01…60.00s 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 201 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.11 - 124. Event messages. Event block name Event names Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 202 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 203: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to zero sequence voltage calculation). Below are some examples of zero sequence calculation. Figure. 4.4.12 - 137. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.12 - 138. Earth fault in isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 204 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the neutral overvoltage function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 205 Table. 4.4.12 - 127. General settings of the function. Name Range Default Description Normal Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage U0> force 1: Start status to 2: Trip Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 206 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping to trip occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 207 • t = operating time • k = time dial setting • U = measured voltage • U = pick-up setting • a = IDMT multiplier setting The following table presents the setting parameters for the function's time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 208 In the release delay option the operating time counter calculates the operating time during the release. When using this option the function does not trip if the input signal is not re-activated while the release time count is on-going. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 209 Start ON NOV3 Start OFF NOV3 Trip ON NOV3 Trip OFF NOV3 Block ON NOV3 Block OFF NOV4 Start ON NOV4 Start OFF NOV4 Trip ON NOV4 Trip OFF NOV4 Block ON NOV4 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 210: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to positive sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of positive sequence calculation (positive sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.13 - 141. Normal situation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 211 Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation (negative sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.13 - 144. Normal situation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 212 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the sequence voltage function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 213 In RMS values the pre-fault condition is presented with 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms of START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 214 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 215 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 216 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. The setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected IDMT delay type. 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 217 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.13 - 139. Event messages. Event block name Event names VUB1 Start ON VUB1 Start OFF VUB1 Trip ON VUB1 Trip OFF VUB1 Block ON VUB1 Block OFF VUB2 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 218: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    When the consumption is larger than the generated power, the frequency may drop. When more power is generated than is consumed, overfrequency can occur. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 219 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the frequency function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 220 L-N voltages of the second voltage transformer General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 221 0: No f< used in setting setting group. 1: Yes group f<< used in setting group f<<< used in setting group f<<<< used in setting group fset> fset>> Pick-up setting 10.00…80.00Hz 0.01Hz 51Hz fset>>> fset>>>> © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 222 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 223 Trip ON FRQV1 f>>> Trip OFF FRQV1 f>>>> Start ON FRQV1 f>>>> Start OFF FRQV1 f>>>> Trip ON FRQV1 f>>>> Trip OFF FRQV1 f< Start ON FRQV1 f< Start OFF FRQV1 f< Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 224 FRQV1 f<<< Block OFF FRQV1 f<<<< Block ON FRQV1 f<<<< Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 225: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    Later the frequency makes a fast dip and as a result the change of frequency is faster than the set pick-up value which then causes the relay to operate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 226 (given in Hz/s). The source of the measured frequency depends on the user-defined tracking reference which can be changed from the Frequency tab of the Measurement menu. There are three (3) frequency references available: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 227 2: Both "Both" allows df/dt to trip from both. df/dt>/< (1…8) 0: Not used 0: Not Displays if frequency limits are used or not. frequency limit 1: Use f limit used © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 228 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s operating time occurs. When the function has detected a fault and counts down Time remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left to trip before tripping occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 229 DFT1 df/dt>/< (3) Start ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (3) Start OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (3) Trip ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (3) Trip OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Start ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Start OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 230 DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (6) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (6) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (7) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (7) Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 231: Overpower Protection (P>; 32O)

    The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 232 3PH Active power (P) Total three-phase active power General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 233 -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left to trip before tripping occurs. P meas/P The ratio between the measured power and the pick-up set at the 1250.00P 0.01P value. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 234 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 235: Underpower Protection (P<; 32U)

    • two block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed power magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 236 3PH Active power (P) Total three-phase active power General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 237 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 238 ON, OFF, or both. The function offers one (1) independent stage. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.17 - 163. Event messages. Event block name Event names UPW1 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 239: Volts-Per-Hertz Overexcitation Protection (V/Hz>; 24)

    The most common situation for overexcitation is when a machine is off-line prior to synchronization. The figure below shows how the pick-up settings and the measured frequency affect the pick-up level of the volts-per-hertz protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 240 (3) output signal. In the instant operating mode the function outputs START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 241 System voltage RMS Measured system frequency f General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 242 The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. Inverse operating time characteristics are calculated according to the following equation: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 243 Figure. 4.4.18 - 160. Inverse (above) and inverse and DT (below) time characteristics with the TimeDial k setting effect. Figure. 4.4.18 - 161. Inverse (above) and inverse and DT (below) time characteristics with the inverse constant setting effect. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 244 -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left trip before tripping occurs. U/f atm to The ratio between the measured power and the pick-up pick-up U/f -100.00...100.00% 0.01P value. ratio © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 245 Table. 4.4.18 - 170. Event messages. Event block name Event names VHZ1 (1) Start ON VHZ1 (1) Start OFF VHZ1 (1) Alarm ON VHZ1 (1) Alarm OFF VHZ1 (1) Trip ON VHZ1 (1) Trip OFF VHZ1 (1) Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 246: Underimpedance Protection (Z<; 21U)

    Underimpedance protection is an alternative for voltage-restrained overcurrent protection. It can be used to detect short-circuit faults near the generator even when the short-circuit current is small. Additionally, under impedance protection can be used as backup protection for transformer protection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 247 • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed impedance magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 248 Impedance of phase-to-phase (P3-P1) Pos.Seq.Imp Positive sequence impedance General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 249 0.005s Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. time Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time remaining to -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before trip tripping occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 250 Event names UIM1 Start ON UIM1 Start OFF UIM1 Trip ON UIM1 Trip OFF UIM1 Block ON UIM1 Block OFF UIM2 Start ON UIM2 Start OFF UIM2 Trip ON UIM2 Trip OFF UIM2 Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 251: Transformer Status Monitoring

    • LV side inrush • normal load • overloading • heavy overloading. These signals can be used in indication or in logic programming, and they are the basis for the events the function generates (if so chosen). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 252 The function's outputs are dependent on the set transformer data because the measured currents (in p.u.) are related to the transformer nominal values. The following diagram presents the function's outputs in various situations. Figure. 4.4.20 - 165. Activation of the function's outputs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 253 The transformer's short-circuit Transformer impedance in percentages. 0.01…25.00% 0.01% 3.00% Info Used for calculating short-circuit current. The transformer's nominal Transformer frequency. Used for calculating 10…75Hz 50Hz Info nom. freq. the transformer's nominal short- circuit inductance. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 254 0: Star/Zigzag 0: Star/ monitoring or Zigzag / delta. This selection is visible 1: Delta Zigzag - transformer Delta only if the option "Manual set" is differential selected for the vector group setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 255 The calculated primary current of the 0.01…250.00A 0.01A 0.00A Info current transformer's HV side secondary current. (sec) HV CT The transformer's HV side calculated nom. to TR 0.01…250.00p.u. 0.01p.u. 0.00p.u. Info nominal to the CT primary rate. nom. factor © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 256 The signal is active, when the detected current rises above the "High overcurrent" limit in detected the LV side. The signal is active when the measured current is below the "Nominal current" but above Load normal the "No load current" limit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 257 HV side's LV side's dd.mm.yyyy Event Phase Phase Phase Phase L1 Phase L2 Phase L2 L3 current x L1 current x L3 current x hh:mm:ss.mss name current x I current x I current x I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 258: Transformer Thermal Overload Protection (Tt>; 49T)

    100 % indefinitely but never exceeds it. With a single time constant model the cooling of the object follows this same behavior, the reverse of the heating when the current feeding is zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 259 The ambient temperature compensation takes into account the set minimum and maximum temperatures and the load capacity of the protected object as well as the measured or set ambient temperature. The calculated coefficient is a linear correction factor, as the following formula shows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 260 Function inputs and outputs The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 261 Table. 4.4.21 - 183. Measurement inputs of the TT> function. Signal Description Time base IL1TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current 5 ms IL2TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current 5 ms IL3TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current 5 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 262 It is also possible to reset the reset 0.0…150.0% 0.1% 60.0% thermal element. default theta This parameter can be used when testing the function to manually set the current thermal cap to any value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 263 "Linear est." Amb. The temperature reference points for the user-settable temp. ref. -50.0…500.0deg 0.1deg 15deg ambient temperature coefficient curve. This setting is visible 1...10 if "Ambient lin. or curve" is set to "Set curve". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 264 1: Enabled Disabled Inhibit TT> Inhibit 0.0…150.0% 0.1% INHIBIT activation threshold. level Enable 0: Disabled TT> Enabling/disabling the TRIP signal and the I/O. 1: Enabled Disabled Trip TT> Trip 0.0…150.0% 0.1% 100% TRIP activation threshold. level © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 265 TT> 1: Service Indicates if SF setting has been set wrong and the actually used setting is 1.0. Visible Setting factor set only when there is a setting fault. alarm fault. Override to © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 266 - TT> Alarm 2 time to rel.: the time to reach theta while staying below the Alarm 2 limit during cooling - TT> Inhibit time to rel.: the time to reach theta while staying below the Inhibit limit during cooling © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 267 ON event process data for TRIP, BLOCKED, etc. signals. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 4.4.21 - 192. Register content. Name Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event Event name Time to reach 100 % theta seconds © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 268: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    (2) separate alarms from one selected input. The user can set alarms and measurements to be either in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. The following figure shows the principal structure of the resistance temperature detection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 269 Sets the pick-up value for Alarm 1. The alarm is activated if the measurement S1...S16 Alarm1 -101.0…2000.0deg 0.1deg 0.0deg goes above or below this setting mode (depends on the selected mode in "Sx Alarm1 >/<"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 270 Event block name Event names RTD1 S1 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S1 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S1 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S1 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S2 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S2 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S2 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S2 Alarm2 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 271 S8 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S8 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S9 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S9 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S9 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S9 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S10 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S10 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S10 Alarm2 ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 272 S16 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S16 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S16 Alarm2 OFF RTD2 S1 Meas Ok RTD2 S1 Meas Invalid RTD2 S2 Meas Ok RTD2 S2 Meas Invalid RTD2 S3 Meas Ok RTD2 S3 Meas Invalid © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 273: Version

    The programmable stages have three available pick up terms options: overX, underX and rate-of-change of the selected signal. Each stage includes a definite time delay to trip after a pick-up has been triggered. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 274 (in p.u.) ILx 4 ILx 4 harmonic value (in p.u.) ILx 5 ILx 5 harmonic value (in p.u.) ILx 7 ILx 7 harmonic value (in p.u.) ILx 9 ILx 9 harmonic value (in p.u.) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 275 I02 primary current of a current-capacitive component I02ResS I02 secondary current of a current-resistive component I02CapS I02 secondary current of a current-capacitive component Table. 4.4.23 - 197. Voltage measurements Name Description UL12Mag UL12 Primary voltage V UL23Mag UL23 Primary voltage V © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 276 Phase active power L1 / L2 / L3 P (kW) Phase reactive power L1 / L2 / L3 Q (kVar) tanfiLx Phase active power direction L1 / L2 / L3 cosfiLx Phase reactive power direction L1 / L2 / L3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 277 Admittance Y L1, L2, L3 primary (mS) GLxSec Conductance G L1, L2, L3 secondary (mS) BLxSec Susceptance B L1, L2, L3 secondary (mS) YLxSecMag Admittance Y L1, L2, L3 secondary (mS) YLxAngle Admittance Y L1, L2, L3 angle (degrees) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 278 The scaling factor was calculated by taking the inverse value of a 20 kV system: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 279 The user can set the reset hysteresis in the function (by default 3 %). It is always relative to the Pick-up setting Mag value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 280 If the measured signal changes more than the set 4: Delta set (%) +/- > relative pick-up value in 20 ms, the comparison condition is fulfilled. The condition is dependent on direction. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 281 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.23 - 207. Event messages. Event block name Event names PGS1 PS1 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS1 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS1 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS1 >/< Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 282 PS5 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS5 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS5 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS5 >/< Block OFF PGS1 reserved PGS1 reserved PGS1 PS6 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS6 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS6 >/< Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 283 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 284: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc)

    The arc protection card has four (4) sensor channels, and up to three (3) arc point sensors can be connected to each channel. The sensor channels support Arcteq AQ-01 (light sensing) and AQ-02 (pressure and light sensing) units. Optionally, the protection function can also be applied with a phase current or a residual current condition: the function trips only if the light and overcurrent conditions are met.
  • Page 285 I/I0 Arc> Zone 4 BLOCKED I/I0 Arc> S1 Sensor fault I/I0 Arc> S2 Sensor fault The detected number of sensors in the channel does not match the settings. I/I0 Arc> S3 Sensor fault I/I0 Arc> S4 Sensor fault © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 286 AQ-101 models are used to extend the protection of Zone 2 and to protect each outgoing feeder (Zone 3). Scheme IA1 is a single-line diagram with AQ-2xx series relays and with AQ-101 arc protection relays. The settings are for an incomer AQ-200 relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 287 The next example is almost like the previous one: it is also a single-line diagram with AQ-2xx series relays. However, this time each outgoing feeder has an AQ-2xx protection relay instead of an AQ-101 arc protection relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 288 Arc protection uses samples based on current measurements. If the required number of samples is found to be above the setting limit, the current condition activates. The arc protection can alternatively use either phase currents or residual currents in the tripping decision. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 289 Displays the status of the sensor channel. If the number of sensors connected to the channel does not match with the set "Channel 1/2/3/ sensor Configuration 4 sensors" setting, this parameter will go to the "Configuration fault" state. status fault state Channel sensor status © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 290 4 Light 4 Light detected in sensor channel 4 trips the zone. 1: Enabled Disabled Enabled Zone1/2/3/ 0: Disabled 4 Pres. 1 Pressure detected in sensor channel 1 trips the zone. 1: Enabled Disabled Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 291 Channel4 Pressure 12: Digital input 13: I/I0 Arc> Sensor 1 Fault 14: I/I0 Arc> Sensor 2 Fault 15: I/I0 Arc> Sensor 3 Fault 16: I/I0 Arc> Sensor 4 Fault 17: I/I0 Arc> I/O-unit Fault © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 292 ARC1 Zone 3 Block ON ARC1 Zone 3 Block OFF ARC1 Zone 4 Trip ON ARC1 Zone 4 Trip OFF ARC1 Zone 4 Block ON ARC1 Zone 4 Block OFF ARC1 Phase current Blocked ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 293 ARC1 I/I0 Arc> Sensor 1 Fault OFF ARC1 I/I0 Arc> Sensor 2 Fault ON ARC1 I/I0 Arc> Sensor 2 Fault OFF ARC1 I/I0 Arc> Sensor 3 Fault ON ARC1 I/I0 Arc> Sensor 3 Fault OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 294: Control Functions

    Common signals function has all START and TRIP signals of protection functions internally connected to Common START and TRIP output signals. But it is also possible to assign extra signals to activate Common START and TRIP. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 295: Automatic Voltage Regulator (90)

    Actual controlling takes place in the tap changer: increasing (or decreasing) the secondary winding causes an increase (or a decrease) in the transformer output voltage. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 296 General settings include the selection of the measurement reference voltage. Additionally, the measured phase-to-phase voltage and the measurement input (if U4 is used for voltage measurements) must be selected as well. The image below two connection options for voltage measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 297 If the set maximum control time is exceeded, the control signal is terminated even if tap location hasn't changed. After the termination, the set minimum time between pulses is used to prevent new control pulse outputs (esp. instant low requests) from taking place during this time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 298 These basic settings define the control area where the AVR must operate. Either Channel 1 or 2 can be used to connect a mA input to an option card (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 299 4 Functions A A Q Q -T215 -T215 4.5 Control functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.2 - 174. Connecting mA input to option card. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 300 If this is the case, this can be switched with the “Tap position indication” parameter, as shown in the image below. Figure. 4.5.2 - 176. Switching the tap position indication. Correcting non-linear mA tap position indication with current scaling © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 301 Figure. 4.5.2 - 177. Example of Scaled input setting. External mA input There is an alternative to using an RTD & mA card: one can also use an external mA unit (ADAM-4016) which connects to the RS-485 port. Binary coded inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 302 Control → Control functions → Voltage regulator → IO → Input signal control . Up to five digital inputs can be set for BCD coding, and up to 18 positions can be indicated with BCD coding (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 303 Instead of mA measurement, RTD resistance is also an applicable option. To use RTD measurement the position indication needs to be scaled in Measurement → AI (mA, DI volt) scaling (see the image below). Figure. 4.5.2 - 178. Example scaling for tap position indication with RTD measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 304 Therefore, the minimum voltage window size can be calculated as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 305 Eventually a stable voltage may be found but the next tap change request will cause similar fluctuation and the cycle begins again. Figure. 4.5.2 - 181. Tight voltage window (window reached but voltage near the limit). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 306 However, the voltage stays within the second window limits. Only when a second tap change is applied does the voltage drop within the limits of the first voltage window. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 307 For example, if U >>/<<< time delay has been set to 40 seconds and the measured voltage difference from the set target is 4 %, using the formula above the operating time can be determined to be 10 seconds (40s / 4) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 308 Figure. 4.5.2 - 184. Inverse operating time characteristics for the second voltage window (U>>/<< window The inverse operating time controls the voltage back to the set target window: the bigger the deviation (dU [%]) is, the smaller the operating time to get the voltage within the target window. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 309 (U>>> Instant setting). After this level is reached, the time characteristics of the corresponding window calculate the consecutive time delays until the desired target window is reached. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 310 10 % by local standards and the tap effect for the transformer is 1.67 %, the pick-up for the instant low function should be set to 8.33 % (10 % – 1.67 %). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 311 (see the image below). This can occur in various power-off situations, such as when there is a heavy short-circuit fault in the feeding network side, or when the tap drifts towads the maximum voltage. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 312 Table. 4.5.2 - 219. Measurement inputs of the automatic voltage regulator function. Signal Description Time base UL12 System Phase-to-phase system voltage UL12 UL23 System Phase-to-phase system voltage UL23 UL31 System Phase-to-phase system voltage UL31 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 313 When opened displays the internal than U<< Vreg settings condition information about the settings. If the value 5: U>>> set too differs from 0, the settings are not correct. 6: U<<< set too high 7: VT selection not © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 314 Displays the set instant stage (compared to U>>> (instant) setting 0.00…140.00% 0.01% the nominal 100 % level). Displays the set upper limit of the second U>> setting 0.00…140.00% 0.01% window (compared to the nominal 100 % level). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 315 Sets the maximum time the tap 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 2.000s pulse length control's output contact can be closed. Min control Sets the minimum time the tap control's 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 2.000s pulse length output contact must be closed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 316 This setting is only visible when "Scaled signal 4: Scaling curve 1 1 (mA) input" is the selected input mode. (position) 5: Scaling curve 2 (position) 6: Scaling curve 3 (position) 7: Scaling curve 4 (position) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 317 "Binary coded inputs" is the selected input mode. Displays the mA input measurement value mA input now at the moment. (from the 0.000…20.000mA 0.001mA - This setting is visible, when any of the mA measurement) inputs is selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 318 Sets the "voltage high" limit for the low-set voltage U> window. 0.10…30.00%U 0.01%U 0.88%U setting This setting is only visible, when the "U>/< window in (+UTGT) use" parameter is activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 319 (- blocked. UTGT) Internal 0: Not in use 0: Not in Selects whether or not the internal overcurrent 1: In use detection blocks the AVR operation. blocking © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 320 AVR outputs Indicates that the output contact control is blocked, and that the actual output signals and blocked events are not given to the tap changer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 321 If this kind of an external signal is used, it should be controlled to switch between the two modes from SCADA instead of the AVR's own internal signal "Auto/Man". Controlling the external signal with the internal signal can lead to conflicts between the two controls (SCADA and external signal switching). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 322 Low voltage blocking ON VRG1 Low voltage blocking OFF VRG1 Overcurrent blocking ON VRG1 Overcurrent blocking OFF VRG1 Tap on highlimit ON VRG1 Tap on highlimit OFF VRG1 Tap on lowlimit ON VRG1 Tap on lowlimit OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 323: Setting Group Selection

    The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the setting group selection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 324 If setting groups are controlled by pulses, the setting group activated by pulse will stay active until another setting groups receives and activation signal. Figure. 4.5.3 - 190. Example sequences of group changing (control with pulse only, or with both pulses and static signals). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 325 0: SG1 SG1...2 SG1...3 SG1...4 Used setting The selection of the activated setting groups in the application. Newly- 0: SG1 groups enabled setting groups use default parameter values. SG1...5 SG1...6 SG1...7 SG1...8 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 326 Petersen coil is connected when the network is compensated, or whether it is open when the network is unearthed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 327 The status of the Petersen coil controls whether Setting group 1 is active. If the coil is disconnected, Setting group 2 is active. This way, if the wire is broken for some reason, the setting group is always controlled to SG2. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 328 A A Q Q -T215 -T215 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.5 Control functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.3 - 192. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 329 The application-controlled setting group change can also be applied entirely from the relay's internal logics. For example, the setting group change can be based on the cold load pick-up function (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 330 The function does not have a register. Table. 4.5.3 - 231. Event messages. Event block name Event names SG2 Enabled SG2 Disabled SG3 Enabled SG3 Disabled SG4 Enabled SG4 Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 331 Remote Change SG Request ON Remote Change SG Request OFF Local Change SG Request ON Local Change SG Request OFF Force Change SG ON Force Change SG OFF SG Request Fail Not configured SG ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 332: Object Control And Monitoring

    Manual remote control can be done through one of the various communication protocols available (Modbus, IEC101/103/104 etc.). The function supports the modes "Direct control" and "Select before execute" while controlled remotely. Automatic controlling can be done with functions like auto-reclosing function (ANSI 79). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 333 The following parameters help the user to define the object. The operation of the function varies based on these settings and the selected object type. The selected object type determines how much control is needed and which setting parameters are required to meet those needs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 334 WDBad status is displayed when both status signals (in and out) 2: WDCart In status are active. If the selected object type is not set to "Withdrawable 3: WDBad circuit breaker", this setting displays the "No in use" option . 4: Not in use © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 335 Functionalities Description Breaker cart position Circuit breaker position Circuit breaker control Withdrawable circuit Object ready check before The monitor and control configuration of the breaker closing breaker withdrawable circuit breaker. Synchrochecking before closing breaker Interlocks © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 336 Objectx Open command The physical "Open" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Open relay. Command") OUT1…OUTx Objectx Close command The physical "Close" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Close relay. Command") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 337 The remote Open command from a physical digital Open control input input (e.g. RTU). Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Close logical signal. Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Open logical signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 338 Figure. 4.5.4 - 196. Example of an interlock application. In order for the blocking signal to be received on time, it has to reach the function 5 ms before the control command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 339 Close Command On OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Command Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Open Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ5 Open Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ5 Close Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ5 Object Ready OBJ1...OBJ5 Object Not Ready OBJ1...OBJ5 Sync Ok OBJ1...OBJ5 Sync Not Ok © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 340 The cause of an "Open" command's failure. Close fail The cause of a "Close" command's failure. Open command The source of an "Open" command. Close command The source of an "Open" command. General status The general status of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 341: Indicator Object Monitoring

    Close input A link to a physical digital input. The monitored indicator's signal selected by the user ("Ind.X CLOSE status. "1" refers to the active "Close" state of the monitored Close indicator. (SWx) Status In") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 342: Cold Load Pick-Up (Clpu)

    (2) output signals. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CLPU ACT and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 343 The setting value is common for all measured phases. When the I exceeds the setting value (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 344 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. Operating time characteristics The behavior of the function's operating timers can be set for activation as well as for the situation monitoring and release of the cold load pick-up. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 345 "reclaim" time for the function in case the inrush current is not immediately initiated in the start-up sequence. The six examples below showcase some typical cases with the cold load pick-up function. Figure. 4.5.6 - 198. Example of timers and pick-up parameters (normal CLPU situation). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 346 If the user wants the function to activate within a shorter period of time, the T parameter can be se to a lower value. If the user wants no delay, the T can be zero seconds and the operation will be immediate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 347 I setting, a high counter starts counting towards the T time. The measured current exceeds the I setting during over the start-up situation and causes the cold load pick-up signal to be released immediately. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 348 When the current exceeds the I setting, a timer high starts counting towards the T time. The measured current stays above the I setting until the high is reached, which causes the release of the cold load pick-up signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 349 The current stays between the I setting and the I high setting, so the cold load pick-up signal is active for T time. As no inrush current is detected during that time, the signal is released. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 350 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.5.6 - 246. Event messages. Event block name Event names CLP1 LowStart ON CLP1 LowStart OFF CLP1 HighStart ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 351: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    • SYN3 – Not active and not visible. When both U3 and U4 have been set to "SS" mode: • SYN1 – Supervises the synchronization condition between the U3 channel and the selected system voltage (UL12, UL23 or UL31). Synchroswitch is available. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 352 Figure. 4.5.7 - 204. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (3LN+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL1 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.7 - 205. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U0+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 353 Figure. 4.5.7 - 206. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U3+U4 mode, SYN3 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.7 - 207. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 3LL and 3LN VT connections). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 354 A A Q Q -T215 -T215 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.5 Control functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.7 - 208. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 355 4 Functions A A Q Q -T215 -T215 4.5 Control functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.7 - 209. Example application (synchrocheck over two breakers, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 356 "live" or a "dead" state. The parameter SYNx U conditions is used to determine the conditions (in addition to the three aspects) which are required for the systems to be considered synchronized. The image below shows the different states the systems can be in. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 357 Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.7 - 211. System states. The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the synchrocheck function. Figure. 4.5.7 - 212. Simplified function block diagram of the SYN1 and SYN2 function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 358 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 359 If the SYN OK function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets. The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a-time stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 360 0: Not in use 0: Not function automatically closes the breaker when Switching 1: Use SynSW in use both sides of the breaker are synchronized. This setting is only visible when "Use SYN1" is activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 361 The voltage limit of the live state. SYNx U dead 0.00…100.00%Un 0.01%Un 20%Un The voltage limit of the dead state. < The maximum allowed voltage difference between SYNx U diff < 2.00…50.00%Un 0.01%Un 2.00%Un the systems. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 362 SYN1 Frequency diff Ok SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff out of setting SYN1 SYN2 Blocked ON SYN1 SYN2 Blocked OFF SYN1 SYN2 Ok ON SYN1 SYN2 Ok OFF SYN1 SYN2 Bypass ON SYN1 SYN2 Bypass OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 363 SYN1 SYN2 Switch OFF SYN1 SYN3 Switch ON SYN1 SYN3 Switch OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 364: Milliampere Output Control

    (1) mA input channel. If the device has an mA option card, enable mA outputs at Control → Device IO → mA outputs . The outputs are activated in groups of two: channels 1 and 2 are activated together, as are channels 3 and 4. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 365 The second input point in the mA output 0.001 …10 value 2 control curve. Scaled The mA output value when the measured value mA output 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA 0mA is equal to or greater than Input value 2. value 2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 366 Displays the input value of the selected mA 0.001 …10 Magnitude now output channel at that moment. mA Out Channel Displays the output value of the selected mA 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA Outputs now output channel at that moment. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 367: Vector Jump (Δφ; 78)

    ALARM and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the ALARM, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the vector jump function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 368 The selection of the used AI channel is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from ALARM or TRIP event. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 369 Figure. 4.5.9 - 217. Vector jump from the relay's point of view. The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 370 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 371 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.5.9 - 262. Event messages. Event block name Event names VJP1 Block ON VJP1 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 372: Programmable Control Switch

    32 characters long. 0: User 1: Operator Access level for Determines which access level is required to be able to Mimic control Configurator Configurator control the programmable control switch via the Mimic. 3: Super user © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 373: Analog Input Scaling Curves

    Range Step Default Description Analog input 0: Disabled Enables and disables the input. scaling 1: Activated Disabled Scaling curve 0: Disabled Enables and disables the scaling curve and 1...4 1: Activated Disabled the input measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 374 The signal can be assigned directly to an output relay or to an LED in the I/O matrix. The "Out of range" signal is activated, when the measured signal falls below the set input minimum limit, or when it exceeds the input maximum limit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 375: Logical Outputs

    32 logical outputs are available. The figure below presents a logic output example where a signal from the circuit breaker failure protection function controls the digital output relay number 5 ("OUT5") when the circuit breaker's cart status is "In". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 376: Logical Inputs

    "0" or until the device is rebooted. When a logical input which has been set to "Pulse" mode is controlled to "1", the input will switch to status "1" and return back to "0" after 5 ms. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 377 Figure. 4.5.13 - 220. Extending a logical input pulse. Logical input descriptions Logical inputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor • matrix • block settings • • • etc. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 378: Monitoring Functions

    The function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 379 The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CTS ALARM and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the current transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 380 Table. 4.6.1 - 270. Measured inputs of the CTS function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 381 0: Add Defines the polarity of residual current channel connection. Subtract 0: - Compensate natural When activated while the line is energized, the currently present 0: - unbalance calculated residual current is compensated to 0. Comp © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 382 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 383 "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". Typical cases of current transformer supervision The following nine examples present some typical cases of the current transformer supervision and their setting effects. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 384 Figure. 4.6.1 - 224. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. When a fault is detected and all conditions are met, the CTS timer starts counting. If the situation continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 385 If any of the phases exceed the I high limit setting, the operation of the function is not activated. This behavior is applied to short-circuits and earth faults even when the fault current exceeds the I high limit setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 386 Figure. 4.6.1 - 228. Normal situation, residual current also measured. When the residual condition is added with the "I0 input selection", the sum of the current and the residual current are compared against each other to verify the wiring condition. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 387 Figure. 4.6.1 - 230. Broken primary phase current wiring. In this example, all other condition are met except the residual difference. That is now 0 × I , which indicates a primary side fault. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 388 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 389: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM BUS, ALARM LINE and BLOCKED events. Figure. 4.6.2 - 232. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the voltage transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 390 RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U Positive sequence voltage Negative sequence voltage Zero sequence voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 391 The voltage transformer supervision can also report several different states of the measured voltage. These can be seen in the function's INFO menu. Name Description Bus dead No voltages. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 392 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup voltage values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 393 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 394: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    The "Trip contact" setting defines the output that triggers the current monitoring at the breaker's "Open" command. The inputs for the function are the following: • setting parameters • binary output signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 395 Table. 4.6.3 - 282. General settings. Name Range Default Description Normal CBW force Alarm1 Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage status to Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Alarm2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 396 Let us examine the settings, using a low-duty vacuum circuit breaker as an example. The image below presents the technical specifications provided by the manufacturer, with the data relevant to our settings highlighted in red: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 397 0.80 kA Operation 1 30 000 operations Current 2 16.00 kA Operations 2 100 operations Enable Alarm 1 1: Enabled Alarm 1 Set 1000 operations Enable Alarm 2 1: Enabled Alarm 2 Set 100 operations © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 398 CBWEAR1 Alarm 2 OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 399: Current Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal chec • time delay characteristics • output processing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 400 FFT measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01FFT FFT measurement of residual I01 current I02FFT FFT measurement of residual I02 current The selection of the calculation method is made with a setting parameter (common for all measurement channels). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 401 The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 402 Defines the delay for the alarm timer from the residual 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s delay current I01's measured THD. I02 THD alarm Defines the delay for the alarm timer from the residual 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s delay current I02's measured THD. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 403 Table. 4.6.4 - 294. Register content. Date and time Event L1h, L2h, L3h Fault THD Used SG dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event name Start/Alarm THD of each phase. Setting group 1...8 active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 404: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    Table. 4.6.5 - 296. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Sets the trigger current. Affects which impedance loop is Trigger 0.0…40.0×I 0.1×I 1×I recorded, if anything is recorded at all (see the table current> below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 405 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.6.5 - 298. Event messages. Event block name Event names FLX1 Flocator triggered ON FLX1 Flocator triggered OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 406: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    Table. 4.6.6 - 300. Analog recording channels. Signal Description Phase current I Phase current I Phase current I I01c Residual current I coarse* Residual current I fine* I01f Residual current I coarse* I02c I02f Residual current I fine* © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 407 (VT card 2) UL2(3)VT2 UL3(1)VT2 Line-to-neutral U or line-to-line voltage U (VT card 2) Zero sequence voltage U or synchrocheck voltage U (VT card 2) U0(SS)VT2 USup_2 Voltage measurement module voltage supply supervision (VT card 2) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 408 Res.I0x ampl. THD I02) Calculated I0 phase calc.I0 Pha.angle Res.I0x pow. THD Residual I0x power THD (I01, I02) angle Phase current TRMS Phase-to-phase current ILx (IL1, Pha.curr.ILx TRMS P-P curr.ILx ILx (IL1, IL2, IL3) IL2, IL3) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 409 Primary positive sequence reactive per-unit values (IL1, Current p.u. Pri. current IL2, IL3) Positive sequence Pos.Seq. Resistive I0x Residual Resistive Primary residual resistive current resistive current in per- Current p.u. Current Pri. I0x (I01, I02) unit values © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 410 "50 Hz". Neutral Frequency at the moment. If the Primary neutral f atm. Display (when not conductance G frequency is not measurable, this conductance measurable is 0 Hz) (Pri) will show "0 Hz". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 411 Ph.Rotating Logic Phase rotating order at the moment. MBIO ModB Channel 1...8 of MBIO Mod control 0=A-B-C, 1=A- If true ("1") the phase order is Ch x Invalid C is invalid reversed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 412 0.000...1800.000s 0.001s - Displays the maximum length of a single recording. recording Max. location of Displays the highest pre-triggering time that can be set 0.000...1800.000s 0.001s - the pre- with the settings currently in use. trigger © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 413 Disturbance recorder → Get DR files command. 0…95 freely Selects the digital channel for recording. Please see Recorder digital selectable the list of all available digital channels in the section channels channels titled "Analog and digital recording channels". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 414 The recorder is configured by using the setting tool software or relay HMI, and the results are analyzed with the AQviewer software (is automatically downloaded and installed with AQtivate). Registered users can download the latest tools from the Arcteq website (arcteq.fi./downloads/).
  • Page 415 ) . Alternatively, the user can load the recordings individually ( Disturbance recorder → DR List ) from a folder in the PC's hard disk drive; the exact location of the folder is described in Tools → Settings → DR path . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 416: Event Logger

    Version: 2.09 The user can also launch the AQviewer software from the Disturbance recorder menu. AQviewer software instructions can be found in AQtivate 200 Instruction manual (arcteq.fi./downloads/). Events The disturbance recorder function (abbreviated "DR" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes of the function: the recorder generates an event each time it is triggered (manually or by dedicated signals).

  • Page 417: Measurement Recorder

    The setting tool estimates the maximum recording time, which depends on the recording interval. When the measurement recorder is running, the measurements can be viewed in graph form with the AQtivate PRO software (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 418 V V olta oltage mea ge measur surements ements L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Res.Curr.I01 TRMS Pri U1Volt Pri L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Res.Curr.I02 TRMS Pri U2Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.Mvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL1 U3Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.kvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL2 U4Volt Pri L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 419 Neg.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Pha.L3 ampl. THD Zero.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance kWh Pha.L1 pow. THD U1Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Pha.L2 pow. THD U2Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Pha.L3 pow. THD U3Volt Angle Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 420 S2 Measurement I” Pri.Neg.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL31 ang S3 Measurement I” Pri.Zero.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL1 ang S4 Measurement Res.Curr.I”01 TRMS Pri System Volt UL2 ang S5 Measurement Res.Curr.I”02 TRMS Pri System Volt UL3 ang S6 Measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 421 L1 Exp.Active Energy kWh Curve1 Input Pha.IL”2 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy MWh Curve1 Output Pha.IL”3 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy kWh Curve2 Input Pha.IL”1 pow. THD L1 Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Curve2 Output © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 422: Measurement Value Recorder

    ). The resetting of the fault values is done by the input selected in the General menu. Function keeps 12 latest recordings in memory. Recordings can be viewed in the HMI if "Fault registers" view has been added with "Carousel designer" tool. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 423 , harmonic 15 , harmonic 17 , harmonic 19 harmonic current. The positive sequence current, the negative sequence current and the zero I1, I2, I0Z sequence current. I0CalcMag The residual current calculated from phase currents. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 424 The conductances, susceptances and admittances. YL1, YL2, YL3, Y0 YL1angle, YL2angle, YL3angle The admittance angles. Y0angle Others Others Descrip Description tion System f. The tracking frequency in use at that moment. Ref f1 The reference frequency 1. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 425 Reported values When triggered, the function holds the recorded values of up to eight channels, as set. In addition to this tripped stage, the overcurrent fault type and the voltage fault types are reported to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 426 45: U0> Trip 46: U0>> Trip 47: U0>>> Trip 48: U0>>>> Trip 0: - 1: A-G 2: B-G Overcurrent fault 3: A-B The overcurrent fault type. type 4: C-G 5: A-C 6: B-C 7: A-B-C © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 427: Running Hour Counter

    Indicates running hours counted so far. Running This value can be edited by the user. The user input must be set in hh:mm:ss hours seconds, which is then converted by the device to hours, minutes and seconds (hh:mm:ss). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 428 1: Clear Table. 4.6.10 - 312. Event messages. Event block name Event name RHC1 Running hour counter ON RHC1 Running hour counter OFF RHC1 Running hour counter cleared ON RHC1 Running hour counter cleared OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 429: Communica A Tion

    Ethernet and the Virtual Ethernet. Table. 5.1 - 314. Virtual Ethernet settings. Name Description Enable virtual adapter (No / Yes) Enable virtual adapter. Off by default. IP address Set IP address of the virtual adapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 430 Paritybits used by serial fiber channels. 2: Odd Stopbits 1...2 Stopbits used by serial fiber channels. 0: None 1: ModbutRTU 2: ModbusIO Protocol 3: IEC103 Communication protocol used by serial fiber channels. 4: SPA 5: DNP3 6: IEC101 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 431: Time Synchronization

    Commands → Sync Time command or in the clock view from the HMI. When using Sync time command AQtivate sets the time to device the connected computer is currently using. Please note that the clock doesn't run when the device is powered off. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 432: Ntp

    A unique IP address must be reserved for the NTP client. The relay's IP address cannot be used. Additionally, the time zone of the relay can be set by connecting to the relay and the selecting the time zone at Commands → Set time zone in AQtivate setting tool. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 433: Communication Protocols

    AQ-25x frame units support both Edition 1 and 2 of IEC 61850. The following services are supported by IEC 61850 in Arcteq devices: • Up to six data sets (predefined data sets can be edited with the IEC 61850 tool in AQtivate) •...

  • Page 434: Goose

    → AQ 200 series → Resources). 5.3.1.1 GOOSE Arcteq relays support both GOOSE publisher and GOOSE subscriber. GOOSE subscriber is enabled with the "GOOSE subscriber enable" parameter at Communication → Protocols → IEC 61850/ GOOSE. The GOOSE inputs are configured using either the local HMI or the AQtivate software.
  • Page 435 GOOSE signals generate events from status changes. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 436: Modbus/Tcp And Modbus/Rtu

    0: Get oldest event possible (Default) Event read 1: Continue previous 1: Continue with the event idx from previous connection mode connection 2: Get only new events from connection time and forward. 2: New events only © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 437: Iec 103

    IEC 104 protocol uses Ethernet communication. The IEC 101/104 implementation works as a slave in the unbalanced mode. For detailed information please refer to the IEC 101/104 interoperability document (www.arcteq.fi/ downloads/ → AQ-200 series → Resources → "AQ-200 IEC101 & IEC104 interoperability"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 438 Test (t3) frame is sent at an interval specified here. Measurement scaling coefficients The measurement scaling coefficients are available for the following measurements, in addition to the general measurement scaling coefficient: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 439 Determines the data reporting deadband power deadband settings for this measurement. Power factor deadband 0.01…0.99 0.01 0.05 Frequency deadband 0.01…1.00Hz 0.01Hz 0.1Hz Current deadband 0.01…50.00A 0.01A Residual 0.01…50.00A 0.01A 0.2A current deadband Voltage deadband 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 440: Spa

    DNP3 slave is compliant with the DNP3 subset (level) 2, but it also contains some functionalities of the higher levels. For detailed information please refer to the DNP3 Device Profile document (www.arcteq.fi/downloads/ → AQ-200 series → Resources). Settings The following table describes the DNP3 setting parameters. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 441 Selects the variation of the double point signal. 1: Var 2 0: Var 1 1: Var 2 Group 20 variation (CNTR) 0: Var 1 Selects the variation of the control signal. 2: Var 5 3: Var 6 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 442 0.01V 200V voltage deadband Angle 0.1…5.0deg 0.1deg 1deg measurement deadband Determines the integration time of the Integration time 0…10 000ms protocol. If this parameter is set to "0 ms", no integration time is in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 443: Modbus I/O

    These values can be read in two ways: locally from this same menu, or through a communication protocol if one is in use. The following table presents the setting parameters available for the 12 channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 444: Real-Time Measurements To Communication

    , harmonic 17 , harmonic 19 harmonic h., 13 h., 15 h., 17 h., 19 current. Positive sequence current, negative sequence current and zero sequence I1, I2, I0Z current. I0CalcMag Residual current calculated from phase currents. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 445 Rseq, Xseq, Zseq Positive sequence resistance, reactance and impedance values and RseqAng, XseqAng, ZseqAng angles. GL1, GL2, GL3, G0 BL1, BL2, BL3, B0 Conductances, susceptances and admittances. YL1, YL2, YL3, Y0 YL1angle, YL2angle, YL3angle, Admittance angles. Y0angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 446 Displays the measured value of the selected magnitude of the selected slot. -10 000 000.000…10 000 Magnitude X 0.001 - The unit depends on the selected 000.000 magnitude (either amperes, volts, or per- unit values). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 447: Connections Of Aq-T215

    6 Connections and application examples A A Q Q -T215 -T215 6.1 Connections of AQ-T215 Instruction manual Version: 2.09 6 Connections and application examples 6.1 Connections of AQ-T215 Figure. 6.1 - 242. AQ-T215 variant without add-on modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 448 A A Q Q -T215 -T215 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual 6.1 Connections of AQ-T215 Version: 2.09 Figure. 6.1 - 243. AQ-T215 variant with digital input and output modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 449: Application Example And Its Connections

    6 Connections and application examples A A Q Q -T215 -T215 6.2 Application example and its connections. Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 6.1 - 244. AQ-T215 application example with function block diagram. AQ-T215 Device I/O Add-on 3 (IL) 4 voltage 1...3...

  • Page 450: Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

    (52b) even after the circuit breaker is opened. This requires a resistor which reduces the current: this way the coil is not energized and the relay output does not need to cut off the coil's inductive current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 451 Non-latched outputs are seen as hollow circles in the output matrix, whereas latched contacts are painted. See the image below of an output matrix where a non-latched trip contact is used to open the circuit breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 452 (in an open state) cannot be monitored as the digital input is shorted by the device's trip output. Figure. 6.3 - 249. Trip circuit supervision with one DI and one latched output contact. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 453 Logical output can be used in the output matrix or in SCADA as the user wants. The image below presents a block scheme when a non-latched trip output is not used. Figure. 6.3 - 250. Example block scheme. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 454: Construction And Installation Tion

    In field upgrades, therefore, add-on modules must be ordered from Arcteq Relays Ltd. or its representative who can then provide the module with its corresponding unlocking code to allow the device to operate correctly once the hardware configuration has been upgraded.
  • Page 455 An alarm is also issued if the device expects to find a module here but does not find one. 5. Scan Scans Slot D and finds the five channels of the CT module (fixed for AQ-X215). If the CTM is not found, the device issues an alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 456: Cpu Module

    Slot C. It also has a total of 10 digital output channels available: five (DO1…DO5) in the CPU module, and five (DO6…DO10) in Slot E. These same principles apply to all non-standard configurations in the AQ-X215 devices. 7.2 CPU module Figure. 7.2 - 253. CPU module. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 457 The auxiliary voltage is defined in the ordering code: the available power supply models available are A (80…265 VAC/DC) and B (18…75 DC). For further details, please refer to the "Auxiliary voltage" chapter in the "Technical data" section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 458 0…15 milliseconds in theory and 2…13 milliseconds in practice. Please note that the mechanical delay of the relay is no not t included in these approximations. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 459: Current Measurement Module

    64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Current measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 460: Voltage Measurement Module

    64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Voltage measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 461: Option Cards

    1 V. All digital inputs are scannced in 5 ms program cycles, and their pick-up and release delays as well as their NO/NC selection can be set with software. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 462 (NC) defines whether or not the digital input is considered activated when the digital input channel is energized. The diagram below depicts the digital input states when the input channels are energized and de- energized. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 463 Control → Device IO → Digital inputs → Digital input voltages . Table. 7.5.1 - 346. Digital input channel voltage measurement. Name Range Step Description DIx Voltage now 0.000...275.000 V 0.001 V Voltage measurement of a digital input channel. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 464: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    For technical details please refer to the chapter titled "Digital output module" in the "Technical data" section of this document. Digital output descriptions Option card outputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor • matrix © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 465: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module (Optional)

    Light sensor channels 1…4 with positive ("+"), sensor ("S") and earth connectors. HSO2 (+, NO) Common battery positive terminal (+) for the HSOs. HSO1 (+, NO) Binary input 1 (+ pole) Binary input 1 ( – pole) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 466 BI1, HSO1 and HSO2 are not visible in the Binary inputs and Binary outputs menus ( Control → Device I/O ), they can only be programmed in the arc matrix menu ( Protection → Arc protection → I/O → Direct output control and HSO control ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 467: Rtd Input Module (Optional)

    The RTD input module is an add-on module with eight (8) RTD input channels. Each input supports 2-wire, 3-wire and 4-wire RTD sensors. The sensor type can be selected with software for two groups, four channels each. The card supports Pt100 and Pt1000 sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 468: Serial Rs-232 Communication Module (Optional)

    Description • Serial-based communications • Wavelength 660 nm Serial fiber (GG/PP/ COM E • Compatible with 50/125 μm, 62.5/125 μm, 100/140 μm, and 200 μm GP/PG) Plastic-Clad Silica (PCS) fiber • Compatible with ST connectors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 469 COM F – Clock sync GND Clock synchronization input Pin 12 The option card includes two serial communication interfaces: COM E is a serial fiber interface with glass/plastic option, COM F is an RS-232 interface. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 470: Lc Or Rj45 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    • Communication port D, 100 Mbps LC fiber connector. • RJ-45 connectors COM D: • 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode (glass). • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX • Wavelength 1300 nm. Both cards support both HSR and PRP protocols. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 471: Double St 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    For other redundancy options, please refer to the option card "LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module". The images below present two example configurations: the first displays a ring configuration (note how the third party devices are connected in a separate ring), while the second displays a multidrop configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 472 A A Q Q -T215 -T215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual 7.5 Option cards Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.5.7 - 265. Example of a ring configuration. Figure. 7.5.7 - 266. Example of a multidrop configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 473: Double Rj45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    • Two Ethernet ports RJ-45 connectors • RJ-45 connectors • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX This option card supports multidrop configurations. For other redundancy options, please refer to the option card "LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 474: Milliampere (Ma) I/O Module (Optional)

    Pin 1 mA OUT 1 + connector (0…24 mA) Pin 2 mA OUT 1 – connector (0…24 mA) Pin 3 mA OUT 2 + connector (0…24 mA) Pin 4 mA OUT 2 – connector (0…24 mA) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 475: Dimensions And Installation

    (¼) of the rack's width, meaning that a total of four devices can be installed to the same rack next to one another. The figures below describe the device dimensions (first figure), the device installation (second), and the panel cutout dimensions and device spacing (third). Figure. 7.6 - 270. Device dimensions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 476 A A Q Q -T215 -T215 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual 7.6 Dimensions and installation Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.6 - 271. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 477 7 Construction and installation A A Q Q -T215 -T215 7.6 Dimensions and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.6 - 272. Panel cutout dimensions and device spacing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 478: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    < ±0.2° (I> 0.1 A) Angle measurement inaccuracy < ±1.0° (I≤ 0.1 A) Burden (50/60 Hz) <0.1 VA Transient overreach <8 % Coarse residual current input (I01) Rated current I 1 A (configurable 0.1…10 A) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 479 4 mm Maximum wire diameter NOTICE! TICE! Current measurement accuracy has been verified with 50/60 Hz. The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 480: Voltage Measurement

    The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. 8.1.1.3 Voltage memory Table. 8.1.1.3 - 351. Technical data for the voltage memory function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 481: Power And Energy Measurement

    3 VA secondary Energy measurement Frequency range 6…75 Hz 0.5% down to 1A RMS (50/60Hz) as standard Energy and power metering 0.2% down to 1A RMS (50/60Hz) option available (see the order code for inaccuracy details) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 482: Frequency Measurement

    Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm Other Minimum recommended fuse rating MCB C2 Table. 8.1.2.1 - 356. Power supply model B Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 18…72 VDC < 7 W Power consumption < 15 W © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 483: Cpu Communication Ports

    Port media Copper Ethernet RJ-45 Number of ports Features IEC 61850 IEC 104 Modbus/TCP Port protocols DNP3 Telnet Data transfer rate 100 MB/s System integration Can be used for system protocols and for local programming © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 484: Cpu Digital Inputs

    Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire 2.5 mm Maximum wire diameter 8.1.2.4 CPU digital outputs Table. 8.1.2.4 - 361. Digital outputs (Normally Open) Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V (AC/DC) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 485 220 VDC 0.15 A Control rate 5 ms Settings Polarity Software settable: Normally Open / Normally Closed Terminal block connection Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 486: Option Cards

    Table. 8.1.3.2 - 364. Technical data for the digital output module. General information Spare part code #SP-200-DO5 Compatibility AQ-200 series models Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V (AC/DC) Continuous carry Make and carry 0.5 s 30 A Make and carry 3 s 15 A © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 487: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module

    Rated auxiliary voltage 250 VDC Continuous carry Make and carry 0.5 s 15 A Make and carry 3 s Breaking capacity, DC (L/R = 40 ms) 1 A/110 W Control rate 5 ms Operation delay <1 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 488: Milliampere Module (Ma Out & Ma In)

    AQ-200 series & AQ-250 series models Signals Output magnitudes 4 × mA output signal (DC) Input magnitudes 1 × mA input signal (DC) mA input Range (hardware) 0...33 mA Range (measurement) 0...24 mA Inaccuracy ±0.1 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 489: Rtd Input Module

    PP Spare part code #SP-2XX-232PP PG Spare part code #SP-2XX-232PG GP Spare part code #SP-2XX-232GP GG Spare part code #SP-2XX-232GG Compatibility AQ-200 series & AQ-250 series models Ports RS-232 Serial fiber (GG/PP/GP/PG) Serial port wavelength 660 nm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 490: Double Lc 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module

    IEC61850, DNP/TCP, Modbus/TCP, IEC104 & FTP ST connectors Duplex ST connectors Connector type 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode fiber 100BASE-FX Transmitter wavelength 1260…1360 nm (nominal: 1310 nm) Receiver wavelength 1100…1600 nm Maximum distance 2 km IRIG-B Connector © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 491: Display

    Inaccuracy: ±0.5 %I or ±15 mA (0.10…4.0 × I - Current harmonic blocking ±1.0 %-unit of the 2 harmonic setting Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 492: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    I Pick-up Measured residual current I01 (1 A) Used magnitude Measured residual current I02 (0.2 A) Calculated residual current I0Calc (5 A) 0.0001…40.00 × I , setting step 0.0001 × I Pick-up current setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 493: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    Table. 8.2.1.3 - 376. Technical data for the directional overcurrent function. Input signals Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I RMS phase currents Current input magnitudes TRMS phase currents Peak-to-peak phase currents Current input calculations Positive sequence current angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 494 <50 ms Not t e! e! • The minimum voltage for direction solving is 1.0 V secondary. During three-phase short-circuits the angle memory is active for 0.5 seconds in case the voltage drops below 1.0 V. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 495: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    0…250.0000, step 0.0001 - B IDMT constant 0…5.0000, step 0.0001 - C IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: ±1.5 % or ±25 ms - IDMT operating time ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time Instant operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 496: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    0…5.0000, step 0.0001 - C IDMT Constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: - IDMT operating time ±2.0 % or ±30 ms - IDMT minimum operating time ±20 ms Retardation time (overshoot) <5 ms Instant operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 497: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: - IDMT operating time ±1.5 % or ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time ±20 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio >1.05 <50 ms Reset © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 498: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    0.050…1800.000 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Current criteria (I ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±55 ms - DO or DI only ±15 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 499: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    Table. 8.2.1.9 - 382. Technical data for the overvoltage function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs (+ U Voltage input magnitudes RMS line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltages Pick-up 1 voltage Pick-up terms 2 voltages 3 voltages Pick-up setting 50.00…150.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 500: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    Pick-up terms 2 voltages 3 voltages Pick-up setting 0.00…120.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Inaccuracy: - Voltage ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV Low voltage block Pick-up setting 0.00…80.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 501: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    Residual voltage from U3 or U4 voltage channel Voltage input (selectable) Residual voltage calculated from U RMS residual voltage U Voltage input magnitudes Calculated RMS residual voltage U Pick-up 1.00…50.00 % U0 , setting step 0.01 × I Pick-up voltage setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 502: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Np)

    5.00…150.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV - Voltage Low voltage block 1.00…80.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV -Voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 503: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    ±20 mHz (I > 30 % of rated secondary) Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (I ratio +/- 50 mHz) ±1.5 % or ±50 ms (max. step size: 100 mHz) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 504: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    ±20 mHz (I > 30 % of rated secondary) Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (I ratio +/- 50 mHz) ±1.5 % or ±110 ms (max. step size: 100 mHz) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 505: Transformer Thermal Overload Protection (Tt>; 49T)

    - Trip delay 0.000…3600.000 s, step 0.005 s - Restart inhibit 0…150 %, step 1 % Inaccuracy - Starting ±0.5 % of the set pick-up value - Operating time ±5 % or ± 500 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 506: Overpower (P>; 32O), Underpower (P<; 32U) And Reverse Power (Pr; 32R) Protection

    • When the low-power blocking is set to zero, it is not in use. Also, all power measurements below 1.00 kW are forced to zero ("P< blocked"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 507: Underimpedance Protection (Z<; 21U)

    1.0 V secondary voltage value and voltage angles before the fault. 8.2.1.18 Volts-per-hertz overexcitation protection (V/Hz>; 24) Table. 8.2.1.18 - 391. Technical data for the volts-per-hertz overexcitation protection function. Measurement inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 508: Transformer Status Monitoring

    HMI and the I/O. Settings Transformer application nominal data Status hours counters (normal load, overload, high overload) Other features Transformer status signals Transformer data for functions Outputs < 0.2 × I Light/no load © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 509: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    (Fine) Sample-based phase current measurement Current input magnitudes Sample-based residual current measurement Channels S1, S2, S3, S4 (pressure and light sensor, or light-only Arc point sensor inputs sensor) Up to four (4) sensors per channel © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 510: Control Functions

    Measurement inputs Voltage inputs U4 channel voltage RMS line-to-line voltages Voltage input magnitudes U4 channel RMS voltage Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Current input magnitudes (I> blocking) RMS phase currents © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 511: Setting Group Selection

    Control mode Local Any digital signal available in the device Remote Force change overrule of local controls either from the setting tool, HMI or SCADA Operation time Reaction time <5 ms from receiving the control signal © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 512: Object Control And Monitoring

    See the technical sheet for the auto-reclosing function. 8.2.2.4 Indicator object monitoring Table. 8.2.2.4 - 398. Technical data for the indicator object monitoring function. General Number of objects Supported object types Disconnector (GND) Signals Digital inputs Input signals Software signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 513: Cold Load Pick-Up (Clpu)

    Any or all system line-to-line voltage(s) Any or all system line-to-neutral voltage(s) Monitored voltages Specifically chosen line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltage U4 channel voltage Pick-up Pick-up setting 0.05…30.00°, setting step 0.01° Inaccuracy: - Voltage angle ±30% overreach or 1.00 ° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 514: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    20 mHz - Angle ±2.0° Activation time Activation (to LD/DL/DD) <35 ms Activation (to Live Live) <60 ms Reset <40 ms Bypass modes Voltage check mode (excluding LL) LL+LD, LL+DL, LL+DD, LL+LD+DL, LL+LD+DD, LL+DL+DD, bypass © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 515: Monitoring Functions

    > 1.05 <80 ms (<50 ms in differential protection relays) Reset Reset ratio 97/103 % of the pick-up current setting Instant reset time and start-up reset <80 ms (<50 ms in differential protection relays) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 516: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    • When turning on the auxiliary power of a device, the normal condition of a stage has to be fulfilled before tripping. 8.2.3.3 Circuit breaker wear monitoring Table. 8.2.3.3 - 404. Technical data for the circuit breaker wear monitoring function. Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 517: Current Total Harmonic Distortion

    - Instant operating time, when I ratio > 3 Typically <20ms - Instant operating time, when I ratio Typically <25 ms 1.05 < I < 3 Reset Reset time Typically <10 ms Reset ratio 97 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 518: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    Freely selectable analog and binary signals channels 5 ms sample rate (FFT) Performance Sample rate 8, 16, 32 or 64 samples/cycle 0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.001 s Recording length The maximum length is determined by the chosen signals. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 519: Event Logger

    = 150 kHz….80 MHz, 10 V (RMS) EN 60255-26, IEC 61000-4-6 Table. 8.3 - 410. Voltage tests. Dielectric voltage test EN 60255-27, IEC 60255-5, EN 60255-1 2 kV (AC), 50 Hz, 1 min Impulse voltage test © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 520 Table. 8.3 - 413. Environmental conditions. IP classes IP54 (front) Casing protection class IP21 (rear) Temperature ranges Ambient service temperature range –35…+70 °C Transport and storage temperature range –40…+70 °C Other Altitude <2000 m Overvoltage category Pollution degree © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 521 Height: 117 mm (4U) Dimensions Width: 127 mm (¼ rack) Depth: 174 mm (no cards & connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross) Height: 170 mm Dimensions Width: 242 mm Depth: 219 mm Weight 2 kg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 522: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    A A Q Q -T215 -T215 9 Ordering information Instruction manual 8.3 Tests and environmental Version: 2.09 9 Ordering information © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...
  • Page 523 Pressure and light point sensor unit (25,000 lux AQ-02B Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) Pressure and light point sensor unit (50,000 lux AQ-02C Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

  • Page 524: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.fi Technical support: support.arcteq.fi +358 10 3221 388 (EET 9:00 – 17.00) E-mail (sales): sales@arcteq.fi © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00026...

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