Arcteq AQ-F255 Instruction Manual
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Arcteq AQ-F255 Instruction Manual

Feeder protection device
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AQ-F255
Feeder protection device
Instruction manual

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Summary of Contents for Arcteq AQ-F255

  • Page 1 AQ-F255 Feeder protection device Instruction manual...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    3.2 Configuring user levels and their passwords................. 15 4 Functions unctions ...................................................... 17 4.1 Functions included in AQ-F255.................... 17 4.2 Measurements........................19 4.2.1 Current measurement and scaling ................19 4.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling ................36 4.2.3 Voltage memory ......................48 4.2.4 Power and energy calculation ..................
  • Page 3 6 Connections and applic 6 Connections and applica a tion examples tion examples..................................476 6.1 Connections of AQ-F255 ....................476 6.2 Application example and its connections................478 6.3 Two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection ..............479 6.4 Trip circuit supervision (95) ....................480...
  • Page 4 8.2.1.18 Voltage-restrained overcurrent protection (Iv>; 51V) ......... 538 8.2.1.19 Resistance temperature detectors (RTD) ..........539 8.2.1.20 Arc fault protection (IArc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50NArc) (optional) ..... 540 8.2.2 Control functions ..................... 541 8.2.2.1 Setting group selection ................541 8.2.2.2 Object control and monitoring..............541 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 5 8.3 Tests and environmental ....................550 9 Or 9 Ordering inf dering informa ormation tion ..............................................553 10 Contact and r 10 Contact and re e f f er erence inf ence informa ormation tion....................................555 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 6 Nothing contained in this document shall increase the liability or extend the warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and/or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instructions contained herein or caused by persons who do not fulfil the aforementioned requirements.

  • Page 7: Document Inf

    - Order codes revised. - Added double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module and Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module descriptions Revision 2.02 Date 7.7.2020 Changes - A number of image descriptions improved. Revision 2.03 Date 27.8.2020 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 8 - Tech data updated: overfrequency, underfrequency and rate-of-change-of-frequency. - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - AQ-F255 Functions included list Added: Voltage memory, vector jump, indicator objects, U0 recloser and measurement recorder. - Added "32N" ANSI code to directional earth fault protection modes "unearthed" and "petersen coil grounded".
  • Page 9 Revision 2.06 Date 21.6.2022 - AQ-F255 Functions included list added: Voltage-restrained overcurrent (Iv>) - Connections image updated - Improved descriptions generally in many chapters. - Improved readability of a lot of drawings and images. - Added synchronizer, single-pole object and single-pole overcurrent protection.

  • Page 10: Version 1 Revision Notes

    Instruction manual 1.2 Version 1 revision notes Version: 2.09 Date 14.3.2023 - Updated the Arcteq logo on the cover page and refined the manual's visual look. - Added the "Safety information" chapter and changed the notes throughout the document accordingly.

  • Page 11: Safety Information

    ASDU – Application service data unit AVR – Automatic voltage regulator BCD – Binary-coded decimal CB – Circuit breaker CBFP – Circuit breaker failure protection CLPU – Cold load pick-up CPU – Central processing unit © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 12 LED – Light emitting diode LV – Low voltage NC – Normally closed NO – Normally open NTP – Network Time Protocol RMS – Root mean square RSTP – Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RTD – Resistance temperature detector © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 13 SG – Setting group SOTF – Switch-on-to-fault SW – Software THD – Total harmonic distortion TRMS – True root mean square VT – Voltage transformer VTM – Voltage transformer module VTS – Voltage transformer supervision © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 14: General

    Version: 2.09 2 General The AQ-F255 feeder protection device is a member of the AQ 250 product line. The hardware and software are modular: the hardware modules are assembled and configured according to the application's I/O requirements and the software determines the available functions. This manual describes the specific application of the AQ-F255 feeder protection device.

  • Page 15: Device User Int Vice User Interface Erface

    Home Home and the password activation buttons). 6. Twelve (12) freely configurable function buttons (F1…F12). Each button has a freely configurable LED (red, orange, green). 7. One (1) RJ-45 Ethernet port for device configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 16: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    The different user levels and their star indicators are as follows (also, see the image below for the HMI view): • Super user (***) • Configurator (**) • Operator (*) • User ( - ) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 17 Unlocking and locking a user level generates a time-stamped event to the event log in all AQ 250 series devices. NOTICE! TICE! Any user level with a password automatically locks itself after half an hour (30 minutes) of inactivity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 18: Functions Unctions

    4.1 Functions included in AQ-F255 Version: 2.09 4 Functions 4.1 Functions included in AQ-F255 The AQ-F255 feeder protection relay includes the following functions as well as the number of stages for those functions. Table. 4.1 - 3. Protection functions of AQ-F255. Name...
  • Page 19 RPW (1) Reverse power protection RTD (1...16) - RTD alarms (Resistance temperature detector) 50Arc/ ARC (1) IArc>/I0Arc> Arc fault protection (optional) 50NArc Table. 4.1 - 4. Control functions of AQ-F255. Name ANSI Description Setting group selection © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 20: Measurements

    Included in function packa uded in function package "S" ge "S". Vector jump ∆φ 0 → 1 Auto-recloser Table. 4.1 - 5. Monitoring functions of AQ-F255. Name ANSI Description Current transformer supervision Voltage transformer supervision Disturbance recorder Circuit breaker wear monitor...
  • Page 21 For the measurements to be correct the user needs to ensure that the measurement signals are connected to the correct inputs, that the current direction is connected to the correct polarity, and that the scaling is set according to the nominal values of the current transformer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 22 CT in Input I02: T in Input I02: L L oad ( oad (nominal): nominal): • CT primary: 100 A • I0CT primary: 10 A 36 A • CT secondary: 5 A • I0CT secondary: 1 A © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 23 If the protected object's nominal current is chosen to be the basis for the per-unit scaling, the option "Object in p.u." is selected for the "Scale meas to In" setting (see the image below). Figure. 4.2.1 - 5. Setting the phase current transformer scalings to the protected object's nominal current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 24 The first of the two images shows how the measurements are displayed when the CT primary values are the basis for the scaling; the second shows them when the protected object's nominal current is the basis for the scaling. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 25 Zero sequence CT scaling (ZCT scaling) is done when a zero sequence CT instead of a ring core CT is part of the measurement connection. In such a case the zero sequence CT should be connected to the I02 channel which has lower CT scaling ranges (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 26 The measured current amplitude does not match one of the measured Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the CTs and the device. phases./ The calculated I0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 27 The following image presents the most common problems with phase polarity. Problems with phase polarity are easy to find because the vector diagram points towards the opposite polarity when a phase has been incorrectly connected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 28 If two phases are mixed together, the network rotation always follows the pattern IL1-IL3-IL2 and the measured negative sequence current is therefore always 1.00 (in. p.u.). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 29 5 to connector 6, with the secondary currents' starpoint pointing towards the line. A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that CT scaling is the ratio between the primary current and the factor P/S secondary current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 30 9 to connector A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that is the scaling ratio between the primary current and the secondary factor P/S current. Measurements The following measurements are available in the measured current channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 31 TRMS Sec") Table. 4.2.1 - 13. Phase angle measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Phase angle The phase angle measurement from each of the three phase 0.00…360.00 0.01 ("Pha.angle current inputs. ILx") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 32 0.00…300.00 0.01 calculated current channel I0. ("Sec.calc.I0") Secondary residual The secondary TRMS current (inc. harmonics up to 31 current I0x TRMS 0.00…300.00 0.01 measurement from the secondary residual current channel (Res.curr.I0x TRMS I01 or I02. Sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 33 Secondary positive sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Positive sequence positive sequence current. curr.") Secondary negative sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Negative sequence negative sequence current. curr") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 34 % 0.000...100.000 0.001 Power ratio THD voltage. Recognized by the IEEE. Current component measurements The current component measurements indicate the resistive (wattmetric cos[φ]) and reactive (varmetric sin[φ]) current values. These are calculated with the following formulas: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 35 …100 000.00 from each of the phase current channels. Pri.") Primary reactive current ILx –100 000.00 The primary reactive current component measurement 0.01 ("ILx Reactive Current …100 000.00 from each of the phase current channels. Pri.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 36 ("I0x Resistive measurement from both of the residual current channels. Current Sec.") Secondary residual reactive current The secondary reactive current component –300.00…300.00 0.01 ("I0x Reactive measurement from both of the residual current channels. Current Sec.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 37: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    VT ratings. In the figure below, three line-to-neutral voltages are connected along with the zero sequence voltage; therefore, the 3LN+U4 mode must be selected and the U4 channel must be set as U0. Other possible connections are presented later in this chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 38 ( Protection → Voltage → [protection stage menu] → INFO ; see the image below). The number of available protection functions depends on the device type. Figure. 4.2.2 - 15. Selecting the measured magnitude. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 39 • 2LL+U3+U4 (two line-to-line voltages and the U3 and the U4 channels can be used for synchrochecking, zero sequence voltage, or for both) The 3LN+U0 is the most common voltage measurement mode. See below for example connections of voltage line-to-line measurement (3LL on the left, 2LL on the right). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 40 In the image below is an example of 2LL+U0+SS, that is, two line-to-line measurements with the zero sequence voltage and voltage from side 2 for Synchrocheck. Since U0 is available, line-to-neutral voltages can be calculated. Figure. 4.2.2 - 18. 2LL+U0+SS settings and connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 41 The measured voltage amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the VTs and the device. The calculated U0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 42 "U4 mode U0 or SS" has been set to 2: Open the "U0" mode. delta Voltage 0: Disabled Activates the voltage memory. The "Voltage memory" memory 1: Activated Disabled chapter describes the function in more detail. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 43 VT scaling A feedback value; the scaling factor for the primary factor p.u. Pri voltage's per-unit value. VT scaling A feedback value; the scaling factor for the factor p.u. Sec secondary voltage's per-unit value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 44 The secondary RMS voltage measurement from each of the voltage Ux 0.00…500.00 0.01 voltage channels. ("Ux Volt sec") Secondary voltage Ux 0.00…500.00 0.01 The secondary TRMS voltage (inc. harmonics up to 31 TRMS measurement from each of the voltage channels. ("UxVolt TRMS sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 45 ("Pos.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary negative 0.00…4 The secondary measurement from the calculated sequence voltage 0.01 800.00 negative sequence voltage. ("Neg.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary zero sequence 0.00…4 The secondary measurement from the calculated zero voltage 0.01 800.00 sequence voltage. ("Zero.seq.Volt.sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 46 UL1 mag") System voltage magnitude 0.00…1 The primary RMS line-to-neutral UL2 voltage (measured or calculated). You 0.01 can also select the row where the unit for this is kV. ("System 000.00 volt UL2 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 47 UL23 0.00…360.00 0.01 The primary line-to-line angle UL23 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL23 ang") System voltage angle UL31 0.00…360.00 0.01 The primary line-to-line angle UL23 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL31 ang") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 48 Defines how the harmonics are displayed: in p.u. values, as 1: Primary V display primary voltage values, or as secondary voltage values. 2: Secondary V Maximum 0.00…100 Displays the maximum harmonics value of the selected harmonics value 0.01 000.00 voltage input Ux. ("UxMaxH") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 49: Voltage Memory

    2. At least one phase current must be above the set value for the "Measured current condition 3I>" parameter. This setting limit is optional. Figure. 4.2.3 - 21. Distance protection characteristics and directional overcurrent. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 50 Table. 4.2.3 - 38. Measurement inputs of the voltage memory function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 51 When the "Forced CT f tracking" parameter is activated and voltages are gone, the frequency from the selected current-based reference channel 3 (the current from IL3) is used for current sampling. This eliminates any possible measurement errors in the fixed frequency mode. Figure. 4.2.3 - 23. Frequency reference channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 52: Power And Energy Calculation

    The following equations apply for power calculations with the line-to-neutral mode and the line- to-line voltage mode (with U0 connected and measured): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 53 The direction of reactive power is divided into four quadrants. Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions. Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan (φ) (tangent phi), which is calculated according the following formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 54 (i.e. wiring errors, wrong measurement modes, faulty frequency settings, etc.). Settings Table. 4.2.4 - 40. Power and energy measurement settings Name Range Step Default Description 3ph active 0: Disabled Enables/disables the active energy energy 1: Enabled Disabled measurement. measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 55 Reset energy calculators Resets the memory of the indivisual phase 0: - (per phase) 0: - energy calculator. Goes automatically back to 1: Reset ("Reset E per the "-" state after the reset is finished. phase") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 56 Range Step Default Description DC 1…4 Pulse out OUT1…OUTx None selected The selection of the controlled physical outputs. Power measurements The following power calculations are available when the voltage and the current cards are available. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 57 ("E 3ph M or k")" under the general "Power and energy measurement settings". Table. 4.2.4 - 45. Three-phase energy calculations. Name Range Step Description -999 999 995 Exported Active Energy (P) 904.00…999 999 0.01 The total amount of exported active energy. (kWh or MWh) 995 904.00 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 58 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 Lx (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is exported. Imported (Q) while Export (P) The imported reactive energy of the phase while 0.01 -1x10 …1x10 Lx (kVarh or MVarh) active energy is exported. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 59 = 2.5 A, 120.00° Name Value Name Value Name Value Name Value L1 (S) L1 (S) 4.08 MVA L2 (S) L2 (S) 6.15 MVA L3 (S) L3 (S) 9.77 MVA 3PH (S) H (S) 20.00 MVA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 60 = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 100.00 V, -90.00° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 2.5 A, 120.00° Name Values 3PH (S) 20.00 MVA 3PH (P) 17.32 MW 3PH (Q) 0.00 Mvar 3PH Tan 0.00 3PH Cos 0.87 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 61: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    FFT calculation always has a whole power cycle in the buffer. The measurement accuracy is further improved by Arcteq's patented calibration algorithms that calibrate the analog channels against eight (8) system frequency points for both magnitude and angle.
  • Page 62 The second reference source for frequency 2: CT2IL2 1: CT1IL2 reference 2 tracking. 3: VT1U2 4: VT2U2 0: None 1: CT1IL3 Frequency 2: CT2IL3 1: CT1IL3 The third reference source for frequency tracking. reference 3 3: VT1U3 4: VT2U3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 63 Alg f avg 0.000…75.000Hz 0.001Hz - tracked frequencies and U4 voltage channel samples. 0: One f measured System 1: Two f Displays the amount of frequencies that are measured measured measured. frequency 2: Three f measured © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 64: General Menu

    The order code identification of the unit. System phase rotating order at The selected system phase rotating order. Can be changed with parameter the moment "System phase rotating order". UTC time The UTC time value which the device's clock uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 65 If set to 0 s, this feature is not in use. 0…3600s timeout When the device is in sleep mode pressing any of the buttons on the front panel of the device will wake the display. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 66 Signals set to this point can be used for resetting latched signals. An alternative to Reset latches using the "Back" button on the front panel of the device. Ph.Rotating Logic control Signals set to this point can be used for switching the expected phase rotating 0=A-B-C, 1=A-C-B order. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 67: Protection Functions

    The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 68 Figure. 4.4.1 - 28. Pick up and reset. The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if a blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 69 (independent time characteristics). • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): activates the trip signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up value X and the measured value X (dependent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 70 Selects whether the delay curve series for an IDMT operation follows either IEC or IEEE/ANSI standard Delay curve 0: IEC defined characteristics. 0: IEC series 1: IEEE This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is set to "IDMT". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 71 "Param". Defines the Constant C for IEEE characteristics. This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" 0.0000…250.0000 0.0001 0.0200 parameter is set to "IDMT" and the "Delay characteristic" parameter is set to "Param". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 72 = Operating delay (s) t = Operating delay (s) k = Time dial setting k = Time dial setting = Measured maximum current = Measured maximum current = Pick-up setting = Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 73 1: Yes even if the pick-up element is reset. release time The behavior of the stages with different release time configurations are presented in the figures below. Figure. 4.4.1 - 32. No delayed pick-up release. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 74 4.4 Protection functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.1 - 33. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. Figure. 4.4.1 - 34. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 75: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 76 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional overcurrent function. Figure. 4.4.2 - 36. Simplified function block diagram of the I> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 77 Set mode of NOC block. Blocked I> LN mode 3: Test 0: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN 4: Test/ mode is enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 78 0.10…50.00×I 0.01×I 1.20×I Pick-up setting The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 79 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 80 "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". Figure. 4.4.2 - 37. Typical operation time delays with different current to setting ratios in instant operation mode. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 81 Phase B Trip OFF NOC1 Phase C Trip ON NOC1 Phase C Trip OFF NOC2 Start ON NOC2 Start OFF NOC2 Trip ON NOC2 Trip OFF NOC2 Block ON NOC2 Block OFF NOC2 Phase A Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 82 Phase A Trip ON NOC3 Phase A Trip OFF NOC3 Phase B Trip ON NOC3 Phase B Trip OFF NOC3 Phase C Trip ON NOC3 Phase C Trip OFF NOC4 Start ON NOC4 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 83: Single-Pole Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    ), or to peak-to-peak values. The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 84 The non-directional overcurrent function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional overcurrent function. Figure. 4.4.3 - 38. Simplified function block diagram of the I> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 85 Set mode of NOC block. Blocked I> LN mode 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN 4: Test/ mode is enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 86 1: On Displays the mode of NOC block. 2: Blocked I> LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN behaviour 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 87 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 88 L2 Start OFF NOCS1 L3 Start ON NOCS1 L3 Start OFF NOCS1 L1 Trip ON NOCS1 L1 Trip OFF NOCS1 L2 Trip ON NOCS1 L2 Trip OFF NOCS1 L3 Trip ON NOCS1 L3 Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 89: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    (3) output signals. In the instant operating mode the function outputs START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 90 START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 91 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 92 Table. 4.4.4 - 73. Internal inrush harmonic blocking settings. Name Description Range Step Default Inrush harmonic blocking 0: No harmonic blocking 0: No (internal-only trip) 1: Yes enable/disable harmonic block limit (Iharm/ 0.10…50.00%I 0.01%I 0.01%I harmonic blocking limit fund fund fund Ifund) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 93 Trip OFF NEF1 Block ON NEF1 Block OFF NEF2 Start ON NEF2 Start OFF NEF2 Trip ON NEF2 Trip OFF NEF2 Block ON NEF2 Block OFF NEF3 Start ON NEF3 Start OFF NEF3 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 94: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    CT saturation checking which allows the function to start and operate accurately during CT saturation. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude and angle processing • saturation check © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 95 ), the voltage angle is based on a faulty phase line-to-line voltage. If the voltage drops below 1 V in the secondary side during a fault, the voltage memory is used for 0.5 seconds. After that the reference angle of voltage is forced to 0°. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 96 General menu. Blocked 5: Off 0: Normal 1: Start Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Idir> force 2: Trip status to Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 97 0.10…40.00×I 0.01×I 1.20×I Pick-up setting The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed also when the blocking condition is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 98 In a short- circuit the angle comes from impedance calculation. Figure. 4.4.5 - 42. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 99 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time remaining -1800.000...1800.00s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before to trip tripping occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 100 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.5 - 81. Event messages. Event block name Event names DOC1 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 101 Using voltmem ON DOC2 Using voltmem OFF DOC3 Start ON DOC3 Start OFF DOC3 Trip ON DOC3 Trip OFF DOC3 Block ON DOC3 Block OFF DOC3 No voltage, Blocking ON DOC3 Voltage measurable, Blocking OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 102 Event Event name Fault type L1-E...L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms averages Trip time remaining 0s...1800s Used SG Setting group 1...8 active Operating angle 0...250° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 103: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the directional earth fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 104 The selection of the used AI channel is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from a START or TRIP event. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 105 ). The reset ratio of 97 % is built into the function and is always relative to the (or U0 ) value. When the I exceeds the I0 value it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 106 I0 angle blinder (Petersen coil earthed) -90.0…0.0° 0.1° -90° The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 107 Each outgoing feeder produces capacitance according to the zero sequence capacitive reactance of the line (ohms per kilometer). It is normal that in cable networks fault currents are higher than in overhead lines. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 108 In emergency situations a line with an earth fault can be used for a specific time. Figure. 4.4.6 - 46. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (Petersen coil earthed network model). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 109 This resistance includes the amplitude of the fault current. In undercompensated or overcompensated situations the resistive component does not change during the fault; therefore, selective tripping is ensured even when the network is slightly undercompensated or overcompensated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 110 Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission, distribution and industry. The phase angle setting of the tripping area is adjustable as is the base direction of the area (angle offset). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 111 CT errors. For all these reasons, Arcteq has developed an improved alternative to these traditional directional earth fault protections.
  • Page 112 No extra parameterization is required compared to the traditional method. The multi- criteria algorithm can be tested with COMTRADE files supplied by Arcteq. The function requires a connection of three-phase currents, residual current and residual voltage to operate correctly.
  • Page 113 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 114 Event block name Event name DEF1 Start ON DEF1 Start OFF DEF1 Trip ON DEF1 Trip OFF DEF1 Block ON DEF1 Block OFF DEF1 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF1 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF1 I0Sinfi Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 115 Trip ON DEF3 Trip OFF DEF3 Block ON DEF3 Block OFF DEF3 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF3 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF3 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF3 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF3 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF3 I0Cosfi Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 116 Start/Trip -20ms current fault current Start/Trip current Fault capacitive I Start/Trip capacitive current Fault resistive I Start/Trip resistive current Fault U Start/Trip voltage (percentage of nominal) Fault U Start/Trip voltage (in Volts) fault angle 0...360° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 117: Intermittent Earth Fault Protection (I0Int>; 67Nt)

    Handling these unique characteristics requires a completely different set of tools than what traditional directional earth fault protection can offer. The following figures present three intermittent earth fault situations experienced by relays in a substation.. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 118 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.4 Protection functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.7 - 50. An intermittent earth fault in a medium size network tuned close to resonance, as seen by a faulty feeder relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 119 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 4.4 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.7 - 51. An intermittent earth fault in a network tuned close to resonance, as seen by a healthy feeder relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 120 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.4 Protection functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.7 - 52. An intermittent earth fault in an undercompensated medium size network, as seen by a faulty feeder relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 121 DELTAI0 and the residual voltage UC difference DELTAU0. A negative admittance-delta is classified as forward (FWD). A transient-type earth fault is detected in the branch line with the aid of at least one forward (FWD) spike during a selected time (FWDreset). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 122 General setting parameter values are presented below. Setting parameter Value U0 Detect spike > 60 % 0.5 x I0 I0 Detect spike > FWD reset time 0.250 s REV reset time 0.250 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 123 General menu. Blocked 5: Off 0: Normal Blocked I0Int> force Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. status to StartFWD Normal StartREV 4: Trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 124 Displays which voltage channel is used by the function. If no voltage measuring 1: U3 Input channel has been selected the function defaults to "No U0 avail!". 2: U4 Input Expected operating 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 125 FWD reset time is running and the function has a 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.500s time START signal on. If the FWD reset time is reached and the delay function releases, this timer is reset as well. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 126 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 127: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 128 IZ ANG Zero sequence current angle 5 ms IL1RMS Phase L1 (A) measured RMS current 5 ms IL2RMS Phase L2 (B) measured RMS current 5 ms IL3RMS Phase L3 (C) measured RMS current 5 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 129 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 130 Both IEC and IEEE/ANSI standard characteristics as well as user settable parameters are available for the IDMT operation. Unique to the current unbalance protection is the availability of the “Curve2” delay which follows the formula below: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 131 OFF for messages in the main event buffer. The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. The triggering event of the function (START, TRIP or BLOCKED) is recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 132 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 133: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional harmonic overcurrent function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 134 The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L1 (A) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic IL1FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 135 The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic I01FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 136 General menu. Blocked 5: Off Normal Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage Ih> force 1: Start status to 2: Trip Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 137 (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Table. 4.4.9 - 105. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up setting 0.05…2.00×I 0.01×I 0.20×I (per unit monitoring) Pick-up setting Ih/IL 5.00…200.00% 0.01% 20.00% (percentage monitoring) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 138 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 139 Trip OFF HOC2 Block ON HOC2 Block OFF HOC3 Start ON HOC3 Start OFF HOC3 Trip ON HOC3 Trip OFF HOC3 Block ON HOC3 Block OFF HOC4 Start ON HOC4 Start OFF HOC4 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 140: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • input magnitude selection • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs of the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 141 RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 I02RMS RMS measurement of residual input I02 I0Calc Calculated residual current from the phase current inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 142 I value. The setting value is common for all measured phases. When the I exceeds the I value (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 143 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 144 TRetr setting parameter will 1: Yes not be available. Retrip Retrip start the timer. This setting defines how long the starting time 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.100s condition has to last before a RETRIP signal is activated. delay © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 145 The following figures present some typical cases of the CBFP function. Trip, Retrip and CBFP in the device configuration Figure. 4.4.10 - 58. Wiring diagram when Trip, Retrip and CBFP are configured to the device. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 146 CBFP signal to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, both counters (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 147 (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 148 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included in the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 149 Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications and settings of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 150 CBFP signal is sent to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, the counter for CBFP resets as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 151 The time delay counter for CBFP is reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 152 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included to the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 153 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 4.4 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 4.4.10 - 66. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 154 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.10 - 116. Event messages. Event block name Event names CBF1 Start ON CBF1 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 155: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    The restricted earth fault function constantly monitors phase currents and selected residual current instant values as well as calculated bias current and differential current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 156 The user can select inputs I01 or I02 for residual current measurement. Please note that when the function is in cable end differential mode, the difference is only calculated when the measured I0 current is available. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 157 The default setting is REF. When activated while the line is energized, the currently present Compenstate natural calculated residual current is compensated to 0. This compensation unbalance Comp only has an effect in the CED mode. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 158 Setting for the second slope of the differential Slope 2 0.01…250.00% 0.01% 40.00% characteristics. Figure. 4.4.11 - 69. "I0 direction" parameter must be set to "Subtract" when current transformers are facing the same direction. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 159 Figure. 4.4.11 - 71. Differential characteristics for the I0d> function with default settings. The equations for the differential characteristics are the following: Figure. 4.4.11 - 72. Differential current (the calculation is based on user-selected inputs and direction). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 160 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup current values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 161 CTs are still within the promised 5P class (which is probably the most common CT accuracy class). When the current natural unbalance is compensated in this situation, the differential settings may be set to be more sensitive and the natural unbalance does not, therefore, affect the calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 162 During an outside earth fault the circulating residual current in the faulty phase winding does not cause a trip because the comparison of the measured starpoint current and the calculated residual current differential is close to zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 163 If the fault is located inside of the transformer and thus inside of the protection area, the function catches the fault with high sensitivity. Since the measured residual current now flows in the opposite direction than in the outside fault situation, the measured differential current is high. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 164 TRIP-activated and BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 165: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 166 Table. 4.4.12 - 124. Measurement input of the U> function. Signal Description Time base RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 167 The selection of the AI channel in use is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 4.4.12 - 80. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 168 2LL+U3+U4 mode is in use. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 169 1: On Displays the mode of OV block. 2: Blocked U> LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of behaviour 4: Test/Blocked individual LN mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 170 The operating timers’ behavior during a function can be set for TRIP signal and also for the release of the function in case the pick-up element is reset before the trip time has been reached. There are three basic operating modes available for the function: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 171 Resetting time. The time allowed between pick-ups if the Release pick-up has not led to a trip operation. During this time the 0.000…150.000s 0.005s 0.06s time delay START signal is held on for the timers if the delayed pick-up release is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 172 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.12 - 131. Event messages. Event block name Event names Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 173: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    The undervoltage function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 174 Figure. 4.4.13 - 83. Simplified function block diagram of the U< function. Measured input The function block uses analog voltage measurement values. The monitored voltage magnitudes are equal to RMS values. A -20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre-fault data registering. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 175 The selection of the AI channel in use is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 4.4.13 - 84. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 176 2LL+U3+U4 mode is in use. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 177 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 178 -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left to trip before tripping occurs. A(B) The ratio between U or U voltage and the pick-up meas 0.00...1250.00U 0.01U at the value. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 179 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: Where: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 180 2: Yes even when the pick-up element is reset. release time The user can reset characteristics through the application. The default setting is a 60 ms delay; the time calculation is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 181 Undervoltage Block ON Undervoltage Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Undervoltage Block ON Undervoltage Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 182: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    100/√3 V = 57.74 V. Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to zero sequence voltage calculation). Below are some examples of zero sequence calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 183 IEC and ANSI standard time delays as well as custom parameters. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 184 Table. 4.4.14 - 142. Measurement inputs of the U0> function. Signal Description Time base U0RMS RMS measurement of voltage U0/V RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 185 Pick-up setting U0set> Pick-up setting The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 186 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 187 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. The setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected IDMT delay type. 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 188 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.14 - 147. Event messages. Event block name Event names NOV1 Start ON NOV1 Start OFF NOV1 Trip ON NOV1 Trip OFF NOV1 Block ON NOV1 Block OFF NOV2 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 189 Fault Pre-fault Trip time Date and time Event Fault type Used SG voltage voltage voltage remaining Start/Trip Start/ Start Setting dd.mm.yyyy Event L1-G…L1-L2-L3 -20ms Trip -200ms group 1...8 hh:mm:ss.mss name ms...1800s voltage voltage voltage active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 190: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to positive sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of positive sequence calculation (positive sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.15 - 92. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.15 - 93. Earth fault in an isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 191 Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation (negative sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.15 - 95. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.15 - 96. Earth fault in isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 192 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the sequence voltage function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 193 In RMS values the pre-fault condition is presented with 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms of START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 194 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 195 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 196 DT is the selected delay type. operating 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.040s When set to 0.000 s, the stage operates as instant without time added delay. When the parameter is set to 0.005...1800 s, delay the stage operates as independent delayed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 197 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.15 - 155. Event messages. Event block name Event names VUB1 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 198 Table. 4.4.15 - 156. Register content. Pre-trigger Fault Pre-fault Trip time Date and time Event Used SG voltage voltage voltage remaining Setting dd.mm.yyyy Event Start/Trip -20ms Start/Trip Start -200ms 0 ms...1800s group 1...8 hh:mm:ss.mss name voltage voltage voltage active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 199: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the frequency function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 200 L-N voltages of the second voltage transformer General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 201 They define the maximum or minimum allowed measured frequency before action from the function. The function constantly calculates the ratio between the pick-up setting and the measured frequency. The reset ratio of 20mHz is built into the function and is always relative to the pick-up value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 202 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 203 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.16 - 161. Event messages. Event block name Event names FRQV1 f> Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 204 Trip OFF FRQV1 f<<< Start ON FRQV1 f<<< Start OFF FRQV1 f<<< Trip ON FRQV1 f<<< Trip OFF FRQV1 f<<<< Start ON FRQV1 f<<<< Start OFF FRQV1 f<<<< Trip ON FRQV1 f<<<< Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 205: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    (i.e. becomes an islanded network). A generator that is not disconnected from the network can cause safety hazards. A generator can also be automatically reconnected to the network, which can cause damage to the generator and the network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 206 • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed frequency magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 207 L-N voltages of the second voltage transformer 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 208 "Falling" or "Both". Overfrequency limit. Tripping is permitted if df/dt>/< (1…8) measured frequency is above this value. This 0.01Hz/ 10.00…70.00Hz/s 51Hz/s f> limit parameter is visible only when operation mode is set to "Rising" or "Both". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 209 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 210 DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Start ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Start OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Trip ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Trip OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Start ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Start OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 211 (7) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (8) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (8) Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 212: Overpower Protection (P>; 32O)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed power magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 213 3PH Active power (P) Total three-phase active power General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 214 LN mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off 0: Normal P> 1: Start Displays the status of the protection function. condition 2: Trip 3: Blocked Expected operating 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 215 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.18 - 173. Event messages. Event block name Event names OPW1 Start ON OPW1 Start OFF OPW1 Trip ON OPW1 Trip OFF OPW1 Block ON OPW1 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 216: Underpower Protection (P<; 32U)

    • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • two block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 217 3PH Active power (P) Total three-phase active power General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 218 Low power block 0.0…100 000kW 0.01kW 50kW The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 219 This function supports definite time delay (DT). For detailed information on these delay types please refer to the chapter "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 220: Reverse Power Protection (Pr; 32R)

    Reverse power protection is not used to protect the generator itself but to protect the generator's turbine. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 221 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the reverse power function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 222 General menu. Blocked 5: Off 0: Normal 1: Start Prev> force Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage 2: Trip status to Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 223 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 224: Voltage-Restrained Overcurrent Protection (Iv>; 51V)

    This voltage-restrained overcurrent protection function can be used as an alternative for the underimpedance function for more sensitive short-circuit detection in generator protection applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 225 The basic design of the protection function is the three-pole operation. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 226 RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current Positive sequence voltage General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 227 (Ux2) controlled overcurrent protection. The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 228 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and processes the release time characteristics similarly to when the pick-up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 229 Fault type trigger fault current Voltage pick-up remaining current current Start/ Setting Start/ Positive Pick-up Start dd.mm.yyyy Event Trip group L1-E…L1-L2-L3 Trip sequence current -200ms hh:mm:ss.mss name -20ms ms...1800s 1...8 current voltage level current current active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 230: Line Thermal Overload Protection (Tf>; 49F)

    100 % indefinitely but never exceeds it. With a single time constant model the cooling of the object follows this same behavior, the reverse of the heating when the current feeding is zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 231 The ambient temperature compensation takes into account the set minimum and maximum temperatures and the load capacity of the protected object as well as the measured or set ambient temperature. The calculated coefficient is a linear correction factor, as the following formula shows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 232 1.00 for the thermal replica. A settable thermal capacity curve uses the linear interpolation for ambient temperature correction with a maximum of ten (10) pairs of temperature–correction factor pairs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 233 The temperature coefficient may be informed in a similar manner to the figure above in a datasheet provided by the manufacturer. Figure. 4.4.22 - 116. Settings of the function's ambient temperature coefficient curve. The temperature and correction factor pairs are set to the function's settable curve. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 234 For example, cable data may be presented as in the figures below (an example from a Prysmian Group cable datasheet) which show the cable's temperature characteristics and voltage ratings (1st image) with different installations and copper or aluminum conductors (2nd and 3rd image). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 235 The following figure is an example of these general presumption as presented in a Prysmian Group cable datasheet. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 236 If the installation conditions vary from the presumed conditions manufacturers may give additional information on how to correct the the current-carrying capacity to match the changed conditions. Below is an example of the correction factors provided a manufacturer (Prysmian) for correcting the current-carrying capacity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 237 4 Functions A A Q Q -F255 -F255 4.4 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.22 - 120. Example of correction factors for the current-carrying capacity as given by a manufacturer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 238 The rest of the settings are in the initial data text above: • I = 680 A • T = 90 ̊ C • T = 15 ̊ C • T = 15 ̊ C • k = 1.0. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 239 τ. This uses approximately 71 % of the thermal capacity. According to the datasheet, this current should set the temperature around 65 ̊ C ; therefore, the model overprotects by three degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 240 90 ̊ C . The reference temperature for ground installation is 15 ̊ C . The cable's thermal time constant is 183.8 min. From this initial data one can calculate the k correction factor according to the following formula (k factor related information in italics): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 241 If the k had not been set, the thermal image would show a temperature of appr. 68 ̊ C instead of the real temperature of 96 ̊ C . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 242 = calculated effective nominal current • k = the service factor • k = the ambient temperature factor • I = the nominal current of the protected device Calcula Calculat t ed end hea ed end heating: ting: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 243 The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • thermal replica • block signal check • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • setting parameters • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 244 Set mode of TOLF block. Blocked TF> LN 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is mode 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 245 The rated nominal current in the primary value of the Nominal 1…1 000 protected object under nominal-rated conditions. This 700A current 000A setting is visible if "Estimate" is selected for the "Set or Estimate tau" setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 246 0…500deg 1deg 45deg the set correction factor for the maximum temperature is temp. used. This setting is visible if "Ambient lin. or curve" is set to "Linear est." © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 247 Enabling/disabling the ALARM 1 signal and the I/O. Alarm 1: Enabled Disabled TF> Alarm 0.0…150.0% 0.1% ALARM 1 activation threshold. 1 level Enable TF> 0: Disabled Enabling/disabling the ALARM 2 signal and the I/O. Alarm 1: Enabled Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 248 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. Measurements and indications The function outputs measured process data from the following magnitudes: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 249 Visible only when there is a setting fault. alarm fault. Override to 0: Ambient setting ok TF> Indicates if ambient k setting has been set wrong. Visible only when there is a setting Setting Inconsistent fault. alarm setting of ambient k © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 250 TRIP and BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 251 T at a given moment Max. temp. rise allowed degrees Temp. rise at a given moment degrees Hot spot estimate degrees Hot spot maximum allowed degrees Trip delay rem. seconds Used SG Setting group 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 252: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    2: Blocked Displays the mode of RTD block. RTD LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is behaviour 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 253 (depends on the selected mode in "Sx Alarm1 >/<"). Displays the measured sensor's data validity. If the sensor reading has any 0: Ok S1...S16 sensor problems, the sensor data is set to 1: Invalid "Invalid" and the alarms are not activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 254 S1 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S1 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S2 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S2 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S2 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S2 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S3 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S3 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S3 Alarm2 ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 255 S9 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S9 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S9 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S10 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S10 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S10 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S10 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S11 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S11 Alarm1 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 256 S1 Meas Ok RTD2 S1 Meas Invalid RTD2 S2 Meas Ok RTD2 S2 Meas Invalid RTD2 S3 Meas Ok RTD2 S3 Meas Invalid RTD2 S4 Meas Ok RTD2 S4 Meas Invalid RTD2 S5 Meas Ok © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 257: Programmable Stage (Pgx>/<; 99)

    Each stage includes a definite time delay to trip after a pick-up has been triggered. The programmable stage cycle time is 5 ms. The pick-up delay depends on which analog signal is used as well as its refresh rate (typically under a cycle in a 50 Hz system). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 258 This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual 4: Test/ LN mode is enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off PSx >/< Available stages 1...10 Defines the available amount of stages. 0: Disabled PSx >/< Enabled Enables the stage. 1: Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 259 All of the signals need to fulfill the pick-up condition. Each Mag2 AND signal has their own pick-up setting. Mag3 5: (Mag1 OR Signals 1 OR 2 AND 3 need to fulfill the pick-up condition. Mag2) AND Each signal has their own pick-up setting. Mag3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 260 ILx 15 ILx 15 harmonic value (in p.u.) ILx 17 ILx 17 harmonic value (in p.u.) ILx 19 ILx 19 harmonic value (in p.u.) ILx TRMS ILx TRMS value (in p.u.) ILx Ang ILx Angle (degrees) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 261 UL1 Primary voltage V UL2Mag UL2 Primary voltage V UL3Mag UL3 Primary voltage V UL12Ang UL12 angle (degrees) UL23Ang UL23 angle (degrees) UL31Ang UL31 angle (degrees) UL1Ang UL1 angle (degrees) UL2Ang UL2 angle (degrees) UL3Ang UL3 angle (degrees) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 262 Resistance R L12, L23, L31, L1, L2, L3 secondary (Ω) XLxSec Reactance X L12, L23, L31, L1, L2, L3 secondary (Ω) ZLxSec Impedance Z L12, L23, L31, L1, L2, L3 secondary (Ω) ZLxAngle Impedance Z L12, L23, L31, L1, L2, L3 angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 263 Description G0Pri Conductance G0 primary (mS) B0Pri Susceptance B0 primary (mS) G0Sec Conductance G0 secondary (mS) B0Sec Susceptance B0 secondary (mS) Y0Pri Admittance Y0 primary (mS) Y0Sec Admittance Y0 secondary (mS) Y0Angle Admittance Y0 angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 264 Displays the mode of PGS block. 2: Blocked PSx >/< LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual behaviour 4: Test/Blocked LN mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 265 "Comparator modes" section below for more term Mag# Over 5: Delta abs (%) > information. 6: Delta +/- measval 7: Delta abs measval PS# Pick-up -5 000 setting 000.0000…5 000 0.0001 0.01 Pick-up magnitude Mag#/calc >/< 000.0000 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 266 The pick-up limit can be set either as positive or as negative. Each pick-up level has a separate hysteresis setting which is 3 % by default. The user can set the operating and releasing time delays for each stage. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 267 PGS1 PS2 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS2 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS2 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS2 >/< Block OFF PGS1 PS3 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS3 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS3 >/< Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 268 PGS1 PS7 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS7 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS7 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS7 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS7 >/< Block OFF PGS1 PS8 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS8 >/< Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 269: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc)

    This delay can be avoided by using arc protection. The arc protection card has a high-speed output to trip signals faster as well as to extend the speed of arc protection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 270 The arc protection card has four (4) sensor channels, and up to three (3) arc point sensors can be connected to each channel. The sensor channels support Arcteq AQ-01 (light sensing) and AQ-02 (pressure and light sensing) units. Optionally, the protection function can also be applied with a phase current or a residual current condition: the function trips only if the light and overcurrent conditions are met.
  • Page 271 • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 272 Scheme IA1 is a single-line diagram with AQ-2xx series relays and with AQ-101 arc protection relays. The settings are for an incomer AQ-200 relay. Figure. 4.4.25 - 127. Scheme IA1 (with AQ-101 arc protection relays). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 273 3 need to be enabled as there are sensors connected to both Zone 2 and 3 starts. Sensors connected to the channel S3 are in Zone 2. Then enable Light 3 of Zone 2. The sensor connected to the channel S2 is in Zone 3. Then enable Light 2 of Zone 3. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 274 12: Zone4 Blocked Channel sensors 0: No Channel sensors 1: No Defines the number of sensors connected to the channel (channels 1/2/3/ 1: 1 sensor sensors sensors 2: 2 sensors 3: 3 sensors Channel sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 275 The residual overcurrent allows the zone to trip when light is 0: Disabled 4 Res. curr. detected. 1: Enabled Disabled Enabled Zone1/2/3/ 0: Disabled 4 Light 1 Light detected in sensor channel 1 trips the zone. 1: Enabled Disabled Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 276 Displays the mode of ARC block. 2: Blocked I/I0 Arc> LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN behaviour 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 277 START, TRIP, and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 278 ARC1 Residual current Start OFF ARC1 Channel 1 Light ON ARC1 Channel 1 Light OFF ARC1 Channel 1 Pressure ON ARC1 Channel 1 Pressure OFF ARC1 Channel 2 Light ON ARC1 Channel 2 Light OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 279 Phase A Phase B Phase C Residual Active Date and time Event Used SG current current current current sensors dd.mm.yyyy Event Trip Trip Trip Trip Setting group 1...4 hh:mm:ss.mss name current current current current 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 280: Control Functions

    Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.5.1 - 229. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description 0: Normal Common signals condition 1: Start Displays status of the function. 2: Trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 281: Setting Group Selection

    The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the setting group selection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 282 If setting groups are controlled by pulses, the setting group activated by pulse will stay active until another setting groups receives and activation signal. Figure. 4.5.2 - 130. Example sequences of group changing (control with pulse only, or with both pulses and static signals). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 283 0: SG1 SG1...2 SG1...3 SG1...4 Used setting The selection of the activated setting groups in the application. Newly- 0: SG1 groups enabled setting groups use default parameter values. SG1...5 SG1...6 SG1...7 SG1...8 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 284 Petersen coil is connected when the network is compensated, or whether it is open when the network is unearthed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 285 The status of the Petersen coil controls whether Setting group 1 is active. If the coil is disconnected, Setting group 2 is active. This way, if the wire is broken for some reason, the setting group is always controlled to SG2. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 286 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.5 Control functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.2 - 132. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 287 The application-controlled setting group change can also be applied entirely from the relay's internal logics. For example, the setting group change can be based on the cold load pick-up function (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 288 The function does not have a register. Table. 4.5.2 - 233. Event messages. Event block name Event names SG2 Enabled SG2 Disabled SG3 Enabled SG3 Disabled SG4 Enabled SG4 Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 289 Remote Change SG Request ON Remote Change SG Request OFF Local Change SG Request ON Local Change SG Request OFF Force Change SG ON Force Change SG OFF SG Request Fail Not configured SG ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 290: Object Control And Monitoring

    Manual remote control can be done through one of the various communication protocols available (Modbus, IEC101/103/104 etc.). The function supports the modes "Direct control" and "Select before execute" while controlled remotely. Automatic controlling can be done with functions like auto-reclosing function (ANSI 79). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 291 The following parameters help the user to define the object. The operation of the function varies based on these settings and the selected object type. The selected object type determines how much control is needed and which setting parameters are required to meet those needs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 292 Displays the status of breaker. Intermediate is displayed when 1: Open Breaker neither of the status signals (open or close) are active. Bad status 2: Closed status is displayed when both status signals (open and close) are active. 3: Bad © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 293 Displays the number of failed "Close" requests. 0…2 –1 failed Clear 0: - Clears the request statistics, setting them back to zero (0). 0: - statistics 1: Clear Automatically returns to "-" after the clearing is finished. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 294 Objectx Open command The physical "Open" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Open relay. Command") OUT1…OUTx Objectx Close command The physical "Close" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Close relay. Command") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 295 The remote Open command from a physical digital Open control input input (e.g. RTU). Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Close logical signal. Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Open logical signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 296 Figure. 4.5.3 - 136. Example of an interlock application. In order for the blocking signal to be received on time, it has to reach the function 5 ms before the control command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 297 RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current Condition monitoring parameters can be found from Control → Objects → Object X → APP CONTR → Condition Monitoring . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 298 Condition Alarm 2 Enable Enables Alarm 2. 1: Enabled Disabled Condition Alarm 2 when When the amount of operations left is less than value 0...200 000 operations less than set here, Alarm 2 will activate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 299 Close Command On OBJ1...OBJ10 Close Command Off OBJ1...OBJ10 Open Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ10 Open Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ10 Close Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ10 Close Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ10 Object Ready OBJ1...OBJ10 Object Not Ready OBJ1...OBJ10 Sync Ok OBJ1...OBJ10 Sync Not Ok © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 300 The cause of an "Open" command's failure. Close fail The cause of a "Close" command's failure. Open command The source of an "Open" command. Close command The source of an "Open" command. General status The general status of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 301: Single-Pole Object Control And Monitoring

    0: Local controls cannot override the open and close commands while status 1: Remote Remote device is in "Remote" status. The remote controls cannot override the open and close commands while device is in "Local" status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 302 WDBad status is displayed when both status signals (in and out) 2: WDCart In status are active. If the selected object type is not set to "Withdrawable 3: WDBad circuit breaker", this setting displays the "No in use" option . 4: Not in use © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 303 Functionalities Description Breaker cart position Circuit breaker position Circuit breaker control Withdrawable circuit Object ready check before The monitor and control configuration of the breaker closing breaker withdrawable circuit breaker. Synchrochecking before closing breaker Interlocks © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 304 A link to a physical digital input or a synchrocheck function. "1" means that the synchrocheck conditions are met and the object Sync.Check status In can be closed. If IEC 61850 is enabled, GOOSE signals can be used for status indication. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 305 Table. 4.5.4 - 247. Control settings (DI and Application). Signal Range Description 0: User Defines what level of access is required for 1: Operator Access level for MIMIC control MIMIC control. The default is the 2: Configurator "Configurator" level. 3: Super user © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 306 Blocking and interlocking can be based on any of the following: other object statuses, a software function or a digital input. The image below presents an example of an interlock application, where the closed earthing switch interlocks the circuit breaker close command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 307 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 308 OBJS1 Close Command On OBJS1 Close Command Off OBJS1 Open Commands Blocked OBJS1 Open Commands Allowed OBJS1 Close Commands Blocked OBJS1 Close Commands Allowed OBJS1 Object Is Ready OBJS1 Object Not Ready, Wait for Ready © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 309: Indicator Object Monitoring

    (2) digital inputs. Alternatively, object status monitoring can be performed with a single digital input: the input's active state and its zero state (switched to 1 with a NOT gate in the Logic editor). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 310 ON, OFF, or both. Table. 4.5.5 - 252. Event messages (instances 1-10). Event block name Event names CIN1...10 Intermediate CIN1...10 Open CIN1...10 Close © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 311: Auto-Recloser (79)

    This is why there are no universally applicable answers from the number of shots and the duration of the dead times to which protection functions should trigger the auto-recloser. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 312 This type of application normally uses an auto-recloser with two shots (one high-speed and one delayed) which are triggered by earth fault protection or overcurrent protection. Short-circuit protection is used for interlocking the auto-recloser in case a clear short-circuit fault occurs in the line. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 313 The signal status graphs describe the statuses of available requests, the statuses of the auto- recloser's internal signals, the statuses of the timers, the breaker controls from the auto- recloser function as well as the breaker status signals. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 314 Therefore, the auto-recloser function only monitors the status of the directional earth fault stage's tripping before initiating requests and shots. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 315 A "Close" command is dropped after the breaker's "Closed" indication is received and the auto-recloser function starts calculating S S ho hot2 t2 R R eclaim T eclaim Time ime. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 316 Figure. 4.5.6 - 144. Settings for I0dir> with two shots. This type of sequence (i.e. two shots required to clear the fault) represents 10...15 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 317 9. The circuit breaker is closed and since the fault has been cleared, no pick-ups are detected. The "Close" command is dropped after the breaker's "Closed" indication is received and the auto- recloser function starts calculating S S ho hot2 t2 R R eclaim T eclaim Time ime. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 318 This type of sequence (i.e. the first shot clears the fault) represents 75...85 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. Figure. 4.5.6 - 147. Signal status graph of the transient earth fault auto-recloser cycle. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 319 The protection's main operating time settings should be longer than the values set to the auto-recloser function; this way the state changes work properly with this function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 320 Running Running, S S ho hot2 Running t2 Running and AR1 AR1 R R equest equested ed signals. The function enters the AR L AR Lock-out ock-out state to prevent any further requests for reclosing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 321 S S ho hot1 Star t1 Start T t Time ime. This activates the S S ho hot 1 Running Running signal eventhough the auto-recloser function is not yet running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 322 However, in this example the fault is cleared by the high-speed shot. Figure. 4.5.6 - 152. Settings for I> with two shots. This type of sequence (i.e. the first shot clears the fault) represents 75...85 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 323 AR Reclaim is not used at all after a successful recloser cycle. 7. The AR R AR Reclaim eclaim time is exceeded and the function is set to "Ready" to wait for the next request. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 324 This means that the time set to the "ARx Shot action time" parameter is a cumulative counter of time allowed before deciding whether a shot is failed or successful. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 325 The behavior of the function can be changed even during sequences that are based on programmed reclosing schemes and on active requests. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the auto-recloser function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 326 Enables or disables the auto-recloser function with any binary signal selected by the AR On/ signal in the user. The parameter "Use AR On/Off signals" defines whether this input signal is in device use or not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 327 "Use AR On/Off signals" is set to "Yes" and the input of the AR On/Off is inactive. AR In The signal "AR In progress" is activated and displayed when the function has opened the breaker progress and is calculating the time towards closing it. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 328 No new successful sequence will be started while this signal is active, instead the function goes into the locked mode. sequence © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 329 0: Yes On/Off 1: No "No" the auto-recloser is always in use. If set to "Yes" binary signal set to 1: No signals "AR ON/OFF" has to be active for the auto-recloser to be enabled. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 330 When the function is counting down towards any action, this parameter AR Timer 0...1800.00s displays how much time is left until the action is executed. The "Timer value active" setting displays what is the action when this timer reaches zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 331 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s request is applied during this time, the auto- reclaim time recloser enters the locked state to prevent further reclosing attempts. This selection can be changed via the device's setting group selection in real time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 332 ARx Shot 0.000…1800.000s 0.0005s 0.000s 0.000s reclaim time starts calculating. If the process reclaim time is interrupted by a new reclosing request, the function continues to the next shot. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 333 The auto-recloser function's shot settings are grouped into corresponding rows to make the setting of each shot straightforward. From the settings the user can see how the reclosing cycle is executed by each request, which functions initiate requests, and which shots and requests are in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 334 The user can enable timers to be displayed in the MIMIC view. Enable the AR timer value at Tools → Events and logs → Set alarm events (see the image below). The timer displays the reclaim time and the dead time delay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 335 Object failure, AR locked Shot failed AR cycle ends due to a discrimination request AR Shot clear Object "Close" request Object "Open" request Inhibit condition ON Inhibit condition OFF Locking condition ON Locking condition OFF Reserved © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 336 Shot 5 Execute ON Shot 5 Execute OFF Seqeunce finished, the Final trip armed Final trip executed Lock-out time ON Lock-out time OFF General reclaim time ON General reclaim time OFF Shot start time ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 337 AR Status: AR is ready, AR is not running, AR2 Requested, Executing Shot 1 hh:mm:ss.mss AR Timers: No timers running 0.000 s AR Status: AR is ready, AR is not running, Start time counting, AR2 Requested, Executing dd.mm.yyyy Shot 1 hh:mm:ss.mss AR Timers: Start Delay 0.000 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 338 AR1 Shot start time OFF dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 4083 AR1 Dead time ON dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 2963 OBJ1 Status change OFF dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 4044 AR1 Object "Close" request dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 2957 OBJ1 Close request ON dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 2958 OBJ1 Close Fail © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 339 • AR started The counters are cumulative and they update automatically according to the operations of the auto- recloser function. They can be found in the Statistics tab at Control → Auto-recloser → Registers . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 340: Zero Sequence Recloser (U0> Recl; 79N)

    When zero sequence recloser function detects neutral overvoltage trip it activates a circuit breaker close command after a set time delay. Please note that the zero sequence recloser function actually follows the "Function blocked input" status when counting down towards reclosing. See Application example for more details. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 341 "Reclose time for U0> RECL" parameter has passed. CLOSE U0> Connect to neutral overvoltage protection U0> BLOCK input. Blocks neutral overvoltage protection RECL from opening the breaker after reclosing. Stays active until the fault is cleared. BLKU0 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 342 → U0> RECL BLKU0 is activated from U0> BLOCKED. 3. Breaker is closed after "Reclose time for U0> RECL" has passed. 4. Both neutral overvoltage protection function and zero sequence reclosing function are blocked until fault is cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 343 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for CLOSE and BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 344: Cold Load Pick-Up (Clpu)

    (2) output signals. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CLPU ACT and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the cold load pick-up function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 345 Name Range Step Default Description The pick-up setting for low current detection. All measured 0.01…40.00×In 0.01×In 0.20×In currents must be below this setting in order for the cold load pick- up signal to be activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 346 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 347 Additionally, this parameter operates as the "reclaim" time for the function in case the inrush current is not immediately initiated in the start-up sequence. The six examples below showcase some typical cases with the cold load pick-up function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 348 . This is high when the start-up condition is considered to be over. The cold load pick-up signal can be prolonged beyond this time by setting the T to a value higher than 0.000 s. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 349 If the user wants the function to activate within a shorter period of time, the T parameter can be se to a lower value. If the user wants no delay, the T can be zero seconds and the operation will be immediate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 350 I setting, a high counter starts counting towards the T time. The measured current exceeds the I setting during over the start-up situation and causes the cold load pick-up signal to be released immediately. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 351 When the current exceeds the I setting, a timer high starts counting towards the T time. The measured current stays above the I setting until the high is reached, which causes the release of the cold load pick-up signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 352 The current stays between the I setting and the I high setting, so the cold load pick-up signal is active for T time. As no inrush current is detected during that time, the signal is released. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 353 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.5.8 - 273. Event messages. Event block name Event names CLP1 LowStart ON CLP1 LowStart OFF CLP1 HighStart ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 354: Switch-On-To-Fault (Sotf)

    SOTF" setting parameter; it can be changed if the application so requires through setting group selection. The outputs of the function are BLOCKED, ACTIVE and TRIP signals. Additionally, the function outputs the corresponding events and registers when any of these mentioned signals activate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 355 Set mode of SOF block. 2: Blocked SOTF LN 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 356 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.5.9 - 278. Event messages. Event block name Event names SOF1 SOTF Init ON SOF1 SOTF Init OFF SOF1 SOTF Block ON SOF1 SOTF Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 357: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    (UL12, UL23 or UL31). • SYN3 – Supervises the synchronization condition between the channels U3 and U4. The seven images below present three different example connections and four example applications of the synchrocheck function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 358 Figure. 4.5.10 - 166. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (3LN+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL1 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.10 - 167. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U0+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 359 Figure. 4.5.10 - 168. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U3+U4 mode, SYN3 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.10 - 169. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 3LL and 3LN VT connections). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 360 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.5 Control functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.10 - 170. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 361 4 Functions A A Q Q -F255 -F255 4.5 Control functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.10 - 171. Example application (synchrocheck over two breakers, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 362 "live" or a "dead" state. The parameter SYNx U conditions is used to determine the conditions (in addition to the three aspects) which are required for the systems to be considered synchronized. The image below shows the different states the systems can be in. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 363 Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.10 - 173. System states. The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the synchrocheck function. Figure. 4.5.10 - 174. Simplified function block diagram of the SYN1 and SYN2 function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 364 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 365 If the blocking signal is active when the SYN OK activates, a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further. If the SYN OK function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 366 - 3LN+U4(SS) SYN1 V 0: Not 3: UL31 - 2LL+U3(U0)+U4(SS) Reference in use 4: UL1 - 2LL+U3(SS)+U4(U0) 5: UL2 Reference options 0...3 available: 6: UL3 - 3LL+U4(SS) - 2LL+U3(Not in use)+U4(SS) - 2LL+U3(SS)+U4(Not in use) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 367 4: LL & DL 0: LL conditions 5: LL & DD only L = Live 6: LL & LD & DL D = Dead 7: LL & LD & DD 8: LL & DL & DD 9: Bypass © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 368 SYN1 Volt diff out of setting SYN1 SYN1 Angle diff Ok SYN1 SYN1 Angle diff out of setting SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff Ok SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff out of setting SYN1 SYN2 Blocked ON SYN1 SYN2 Blocked OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 369 SYN3 Angle diff out of setting SYN1 SYN3 Frequency diff Ok SYN1 SYN3 Frequency diff out of setting SYN1 SYN1 Switch ON SYN1 SYN1 Switch OFF SYN1 SYN2 Switch ON SYN1 SYN2 Switch OFF SYN1 SYN3 Switch ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 370: Milliampere Output Control

    • good for travelling long distances, as current does not degrade over long connections like voltage does • less sensitive to background electrical noise • detects a fault in the system incredibly easily since 4 mA is equal to 0 % output. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 371 The second input point in the mA output 0.001 …10 value 2 control curve. Scaled The mA output value when the measured value mA output 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA 0mA is equal to or greater than Input value 2. value 2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 372: Synchronizer (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    The synchronizer function is used to automatically synchronize generators to power grids. Proper synchronizing is essential to avoid inrush currents, power system oscillations as well as thermal and mechanical stress on the generator when connecting a synchronous generator to a grid. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 373 "Close" command signal is sent to the generator's circuit breaker. Pre-closing time can be used to allow for delay time in a circuit breaker and any auxiliary relays. The pre-closing angle is adjusted automatically depending on the slip frequency. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 374 Table. 4.5.12 - 291. General setting and status indication parameters. Name Range Step Default Description Voltage 0: System is reference If “System is reference” is selected, difference System 1: U3/U4 input is “Synchronizer voltage reference” calculation reference determines reference voltage. mode reference © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 375 0.001deg 0deg was closed. closing BRK Estimated BRK Closing 0.000...360.000s 0.005s Estimated time left to breaker closing. time Networks Estimated time how long it takes for the 0.000...360.000s 0.005s rotating time network to rotate fully. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 376 If underfrequency exceeds value underfrequency 0.00...2.00Hz 0.01Hz determined here, synchronizing is not difference to allowed. allow synchronizing Maximum time If synchronizing takes longer than the 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s 300.000s value determined here, synchronizing synchronizing will be cancelled. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 377 Freq. Min. Minimum time between each frequency Resting time 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s 2.500s adjustment pulse. between pulses Frequency Determines how many Hz per second adjustment 0.00...10.00Hz/s 0.01Hz/s 0.10Hz/s frequency increases with frequency slope when increasing command. increasing © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 378 0.00...50.00Hz 0.01Hz 1.00Hz value gives pulses more frequently. pulse is generated Setting depends on the used application and its properties. Frequency adjustment 0.00...5000.00 0.01 1000.00 Base value for frequency pulse length. pulse length constant © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 379 Synchronizing Running ON GSYN Synchronizing Running OFF GSYN Synchr. Increase Voltage ON GSYN Synchr. Increase Voltage OFF GSYN Synchr. Decrease Voltage ON GSYN Synchr. Decrease Voltage OFF GSYN Synchr. Increase Frequency ON GSYN Synchr. Increase Frequency OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 380: Vector Jump (Δφ; 78)

    (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • two block signal checks (undervoltage block or stage external signal) • time delay characteristics © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 381 A -20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre-fault data registering. Table. 4.5.13 - 295. Measurement inputs of the vector jump function. Signal Description Time base Measured line-to-line voltage U Measured line-to-line voltage U Measured line-to-line voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 382 (Δα ) for each of the selected voltages. The function's stage trip signal lasts for 20 ms and automatically resets after that time has passed. The setting value is common for all measured amplitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 383 1: System any 5: System all Defines the monitored voltage channel(s) voltages P-P Voltage P-E voltages 6: System any P-E voltage 7: System L1 Voltage 8: System L2 Voltage 9: System L3 Voltage 10: U4 Voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 384 Displays the angle difference between present time and 20 ms -360...360deg 0.01deg difference ago. Δα > U3 Angle difference Δα > U1meas/ Δα > U2meas/ Displays the ratio between the measured voltage and -360...360p.u. 0.01p.u. undervoltage block limit setting. Δα > U3meas/ © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 385 Trip Δα meas / Alarm Δα meas / Date and time Event Fault type Used SG dataset dataset dd.mm.yyyy Event L1(2), L2(3), L3(1) Trip angle Alarm angle Setting group hh:mm:ss.mss name and U4 difference difference 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 386: Programmable Control Switch

    ON, OFF, or both. The function offers five (5) independent switches. Table. 4.5.14 - 302. Event messages. Event block name Event names Switch 1 ON Switch 1 OFF Switch 2 ON Switch 2 OFF Switch 3 ON Switch 3 OFF Switch 4 ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 387: User Buttons

    Range Step Default Description Analog input 0: Disabled Enables and disables the input. scaling 1: Activated Disabled Scaling curve 0: Disabled Enables and disables the scaling curve and 1...4 1: Activated Disabled the input measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 388 The signal can be assigned directly to an output relay or to an LED in the I/O matrix. The "Out of range" signal is activated, when the measured signal falls below the set input minimum limit, or when it exceeds the input maximum limit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 389: Logical Outputs

    64 logical outputs are available. The figure below presents a logic output example where a signal from the circuit breaker failure protection function controls the digital output relay number 5 ("OUT5") when the circuit breaker's cart status is "In". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 390: Logical Inputs

    AQ-200 unit or to give direct control commands. Logical inputs can be controlled with a virtual switch built in the mimic and from a SCADA system. Logical inputs are volatile signals: their status will always return to "0" when the AQ-200 device is rebooted. 32 logical inputs are available. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 391 Logical input descriptions Logical inputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor • matrix • block settings • event history • disturbance recordings • etc. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 392: Monitoring Functions

    The function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operational logic consists of the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 393 The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CTS ALARM and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the current transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 394 Table. 4.6.1 - 307. Measured inputs of the CTS function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 395 0: Add Defines the polarity of residual current channel connection. Subtract 0: - Compensate natural When activated while the line is energized, the currently present 0: - unbalance calculated residual current is compensated to 0. Comp © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 396 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 397 "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". Typical cases of current transformer supervision The following nine examples present some typical cases of the current transformer supervision and their setting effects. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 398 Figure. 4.6.1 - 187. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. When a fault is detected and all conditions are met, the CTS timer starts counting. If the situation continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 399 If any of the phases exceed the I high limit setting, the operation of the function is not activated. This behavior is applied to short-circuits and earth faults even when the fault current exceeds the I high limit setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 400 Figure. 4.6.1 - 191. Normal situation, residual current also measured. When the residual condition is added with the "I0 input selection", the sum of the current and the residual current are compared against each other to verify the wiring condition. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 401 Figure. 4.6.1 - 193. Broken primary phase current wiring. In this example, all other condition are met except the residual difference. That is now 0 × I , which indicates a primary side fault. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 402 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 403: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM BUS, ALARM LINE and BLOCKED events. Figure. 4.6.2 - 195. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the voltage transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 404 RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U Positive sequence voltage Negative sequence voltage Zero sequence voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 405 Table. 4.6.2 - 315. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Voltage If one the measured voltages is below low pickup value 0.05…0.50×U 0.01×U 0.05×U and two of the measured voltages exceed high detect pickup value the function's pick-up activates. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 406 1: On Displays the mode of VTS block. 2: Blocked 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN behaviour 4: Test/Blocked LN mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 407 ALARM ACTIVATED and BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 408: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    The circuit breaker wear function is used for monitoring the circuit breaker's lifetime and its maintenance needs caused by interrupting currents and mechanical wear. The function uses the circuit breaker's manufacturer-supplied data for the breaker operating cycles in relation to the interrupted current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 409 ALARM 2 events. The function can also monitor the operations left for each phase. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the circuit breaker wear function. Figure. 4.6.3 - 198. Simplified function block diagram of the circuit breaker wear function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 410 The number of interrupting life operations at the nominal 0…200 000 50 000 current (Close - Open). Operations The number of interrupting life operations at the rated breaking 0…200 000 current (Open). Current 1 0…100.00kA 0.01kA 1kA The rated normal current (RMS). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 411 Let us examine the settings, using a low-duty vacuum circuit breaker as an example. The image below presents the technical specifications provided by the manufacturer, with the data relevant to our settings highlighted in red: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 412 0.80 kA Operation 1 30 000 operations Current 2 16.00 kA Operations 2 100 operations Enable Alarm 1 1: Enabled Alarm 1 Set 1000 operations Enable Alarm 2 1: Enabled Alarm 2 Set 100 operations © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 413 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.6.3 - 324. Event messages. Event block name Event names CBW1 CBWEAR1 Triggered © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 414: Current Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    Figure. 4.6.4 - 199. THD calculation formulas. While both of these formulas exist, the power ratio ( THD ) is recognized by the IEEE, and the amplitude ratio ( THD ) is recognized by the IEC. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 415 32 components from each measured current channel. From these measurements the function calculates either the amplitude ratio or the power ratio. A -20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre-fault data registering. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 416 (in single, dual or all phases), it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Table. 4.6.4 - 328. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Enable phase 0: Enabled Enables and disables the THD alarm function from phase 1: Disabled Enabled currents. alarm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 417 If the START function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets and the release time characteristics are processed similarly to when the pick- up signal is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 418 THD1 THD Start I01 OFF THD1 THD Start I02 ON THD1 THD Start I02 OFF THD1 THD Alarm Phase ON THD1 THD Alarm Phase OFF THD1 THD Alarm I01 ON THD1 THD Alarm I01 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 419: Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. This only applies if the alarming is activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 420 Table. 4.6.5 - 333. Measurement inputs of the total harmonic distortion monitor function. Signal Description Time base UL1FFT FFT measurement of phase L1 (A) voltage UL2FFT FFT measurement of phase L2 (B) voltage UL3FFT FFT measurement of phase L3 (C) voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 421 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 422 BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 423: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    Function block uses analog current and voltage measurements and calculated phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground loop impedances. Table. 4.6.6 - 340. Measurement inputs of the 21FL function. Signals Description Time base VT1 U1, U2, U3 The line-to-neutral or line-to-line voltages of the first voltage transformer module. 5ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 424 IL2, IL3 XL23 XL23 IL1, IL3 XL31 XL31 No trigger No trigger No trigger If no current measurement requirements are fulfilled when the function receives a triggering signal, the function will not record impedance at all. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 425: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    The maximum sample rate of the recorder's analog channels is 64 samples per cycle. The recorder also supports 95 digital channels simultaneously with the twenty (20) measured analog channels. Maximum capacity of recordings is 100. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 426 F tracked 2 Tracked frequency of reference 2 F tracked 3 Tracked frequency of reference 3 ISup Current measurement module voltage supply supervision (CT card 1) ISup'' Current measurement module voltage supply supervision (CT card 2) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 427 Pha.curr.ILx TRMS Pri ILx (IL1, IL2, IL3) IL2, IL3) Phase angle ILx (IL1, Positive/Negative/Zero sequence Pha.angle ILx Pos./Neg./Zero seq.curr. IL2, IL3) current Phase current ILx (IL1, Sec.Pos./Neg./Zero Secondary positive/negative/zero Pha.curr.ILx IL2, IL3) seq.curr. sequence current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 428 System volt ULx mag(kV) ULx in kilovolts (U1, U2, U3, U4) Secondary Ux voltage Angle of the system voltage ULx Ux Volt TRMS sec TRMS (U1, U2, U3, System volt ULx ang (U1, U2, U3, U4) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 429 ILx (IL1, IL2, Current Pri. Current Sec. current I0x (I01, I02) IL3) Power, GYB, frequency Lx power factor (L1, Lx PF Curve x Input Input of Curve x (1, 2, 3, 4) L2, L3) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 430 Enable f based functions frequency-based protection component (Pri) component I01 functions are enabled. Table. 4.6.7 - 348. Digital recording channels – Binary signals. Signal Description Signal Description Digital input 1...11 Timer x Output Output of Timer 1...10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 431 "Estimating the maximum length of total recording time". Table. 4.6.7 - 349. Recorder control settings. Name Range Step Default Description Recorder 0: Enabled Enables and disables the disturbance recorder function. enabled 1: Disabled Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 432 Selects the trigger input(s). Clicking the "Edit" button brings up a pop-up window, and checking the trigger boxes enable the selected triggers. Table. 4.6.7 - 351. Recorder settings. Name Range Step Default Description Recording length 0.100...1800.000s 0.01s 1s Sets the length of a recording. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 433 However, if the user wishes to confirm this calculation, they can do so with the following formula. Please note that the formula assumes there are no other files in the FTP that share the 64 MB space. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 434 The recorder is configured by using the setting tool software or relay HMI, and the results are analyzed with the AQviewer software (is automatically downloaded and installed with AQtivate). Registered users can download the latest tools from the Arcteq website (arcteq.fi./downloads/).
  • Page 435 ) . Alternatively, the user can load the recordings individually ( Disturbance recorder → DR List ) from a folder in the PC's hard disk drive; the exact location of the folder is described in Tools → Settings → DR path . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 436: Event Logger

    Version: 2.09 The user can also launch the AQviewer software from the Disturbance recorder menu. AQviewer software instructions can be found in AQtivate 200 Instruction manual (arcteq.fi./downloads/). Events The disturbance recorder function (abbreviated "DR" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes of the function: the recorder generates an event each time it is triggered (manually or by dedicated signals).

  • Page 437: Measurement Recorder

    The setting tool estimates the maximum recording time, which depends on the recording interval. When the measurement recorder is running, the measurements can be viewed in graph form with the AQtivate PRO software (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 438 V V olta oltage mea ge measur surements ements L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Res.Curr.I01 TRMS Pri U1Volt Pri L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Res.Curr.I02 TRMS Pri U2Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.Mvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL1 U3Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.kvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL2 U4Volt Pri L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 439 Neg.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Pha.L3 ampl. THD Zero.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance kWh Pha.L1 pow. THD U1Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Pha.L2 pow. THD U2Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Pha.L3 pow. THD U3Volt Angle Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 440 S2 Measurement I” Pri.Neg.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL31 ang S3 Measurement I” Pri.Zero.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL1 ang S4 Measurement Res.Curr.I”01 TRMS Pri System Volt UL2 ang S5 Measurement Res.Curr.I”02 TRMS Pri System Volt UL3 ang S6 Measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 441 L1 Exp.Active Energy kWh Curve1 Input Pha.IL”2 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy MWh Curve1 Output Pha.IL”3 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy kWh Curve2 Input Pha.IL”1 pow. THD L1 Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Curve2 Output © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 442: Measurement Value Recorder

    The user can set up to eight (8) magnitudes to be recorded when the function is triggered. An overcurrent fault type, a voltage fault type, and a tripped stage can be recorded and reported straight to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 443 The tan (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. tanfiL3 cosfi3PH, cosfiL1, cosfiL2, The cos (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. cosfiL3 Impedances and admit Impedances and admittances tances Descrip Description tion © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 444 Reported values When triggered, the function holds the recorded values of up to eight channels, as set. In addition to this tripped stage, the overcurrent fault type and the voltage fault types are reported to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 445 45: U0> Trip 46: U0>> Trip 47: U0>>> Trip 48: U0>>>> Trip 0: - 1: A-G 2: B-G Overcurrent fault 3: A-B The overcurrent fault type. type 4: C-G 5: A-C 6: B-C 7: A-B-C © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 446 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. Table. 4.6.10 - 355. Event messages. Event block name Event name VREC1 Recorder triggered ON VREC1 Recorder triggered OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 447: Communica A Tion

    Ethernet and the Virtual Ethernet. Table. 5.1 - 357. Virtual Ethernet settings. Name Description Enable virtual adapter (No / Yes) Enable virtual adapter. Off by default. IP address Set IP address of the virtual adapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 448 Paritybits used by serial fiber channels. 2: Odd Stopbits 1...2 Stopbits used by serial fiber channels. 0: None 1: ModbutRTU 2: ModbusIO Protocol 3: IEC103 Communication protocol used by serial fiber channels. 4: SPA 5: DNP3 6: IEC101 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 449: Time Synchronization

    Commands → Sync Time command or in the clock view from the HMI. When using Sync time command AQtivate sets the time to device the connected computer is currently using. Please note that the clock doesn't run when the device is powered off. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 450: Ntp

    Grandmaster available. In these situations the devices make a selection which device will act as the clock source. In these cases without GPS synchronized clock source, the accuracy between the devices is still high. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 451: Communication Protocols

    Communication → Protocols → IEC61850 . AQ-21x frame units support Edition 1 of IEC 61850. AQ-25x frame units support both Edition 1 and 2 of IEC 61850. The following services are supported by IEC 61850 in Arcteq devices: © Arcteq Relays Ltd...
  • Page 452 Communication → IEC 61850 → GOOSE subscriptions . Determines the general data reporting deadband General deadband 0.1…10.0 % settings. 0.1…1000.0 Determines the data reporting deadband settings Active energy deadband 2 kWh for this measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 453: Logical Device Mode And Logical Node Mode

    • LNBeh can be reported through Beh data object in all logical nodes. • LDMod is only visible through logical node zero's Mod data object (LLN0.Mod). Mode and behavior values There are 5 values defined for mode and behavior: On, Blocked, Test, Test / Blocked and Off. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 454 Table. 5.3.1.1 - 368. All possible logical device and logical node combinations. LDMod LNMod LNBeh Test / Blocked Test Blocked Test / Blocked Test / Blocked Test / Blocked Test Test / Blocked Blocked Test / Blocked Test / Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 455 Processed as Processed as Processed as Processed as Questionable questionable questionable questionable questionable processed q.test = False q.validity = Good Processed as Processed as Processed as Processed as invalid invalid valid valid processed q.test = True © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 456 “Processed as questionable” and “Processed as invalid” in the same way with “Not processed”. Only "Processed as valid" is passed to the application. Table. 5.3.1.1 - 370. Arcteq's implementation of processing of incoming data in different behaviors. Blocked...

  • Page 457: Goose

    5: Off 5.3.1.2 GOOSE Arcteq relays support both GOOSE publisher and GOOSE subscriber. GOOSE subscriber is enabled with the "GOOSE subscriber enable" parameter at Communication → Protocols → IEC 61850/ GOOSE. The GOOSE inputs are configured using either the local HMI or the AQtivate software.
  • Page 458 For other publishers, non-simulated frames are accepted normally (given no simulated frame is received from that publisher). This behavior ends when the setting is set back to No. GOOSE input settings The table below presents the different settings available for all 64 GOOSE inputs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 459 Table. 5.3.1.2 - 377. GOOSE input user description. Name Range Default Description User editable 1...31 GOOSE Description of the GOOSE input. This description is used in several description GI x characters IN x menu types for easier identification. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 460 GOOSE signals generate events from status changes. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 461: Modbus/Tcp And Modbus/Rtu

    1. Some masters might begin numbering holding register from 0 instead of 1; this will cause an offset of 1 between the relay and the master. Modbus map can be edited with Modbus Configurator ( Tools → Communication → Modbus Configurator ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 462: Iec 103

    TE: Once the configuration file has been loaded, the IEC 103 map of the relay can be found in the AQtivate software ( Tools → IEC 103 map ). The following table presents the setting parameters for the IEC 103 protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 463: Iec 101/104

    Table. 5.3.4 - 383. IEC 104 settings. Name Range Step Default Description IEC 104 Disabled Enables and disables the IEC 104 communication protocol. enable Disabled Enabled 0…65 IP port 2404 Defines the IP port used by the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 464 4: 1/10 000 Power factor 5: 1/100 000 6: 1/1 000 000 Frequency 7: 10 8: 100 9: 1000 Current 10: 10 000 11: 100 000 Residual current 12: 1 000 000 Voltage Residual voltage Angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 465: Spa

    The full SPA signal map can be found in AQtivate ( Tools → SPA map ). The SPA event addresses can be found at Tools → Events and logs → Event list . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 466: Dnp3

    Defines the address for the allowed master. address Link layer 0…60 Defines the length of the time-out for the link layer. time-out 000ms Link layer 1…20 Defines the number of retries for the link layer. retries © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 467 4: Var 5 0: Var 1 1: Var 2 2: Var 3 Group 32 variation (AI change) 4: Var 5 Selects the variation of the analog signal change. 3: Var 4 4: Var 5 5: Var 7 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 468: Modbus I/O

    Range Description I/O module Defines the Modbus unit address for the selected I/O Module (A, B, or C). If 0…247 X address this setting is set to "0", the selected module is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 469: Analog Fault Registers

    TRIP signal, its START trigger signal signal, or either one. START and TRIP signals Recorded - 1000 000.00…1 000 Displays the recorded measurement value at the fault 0.01 - 000.00 time of the selected fault register trigger. value © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 470: Real-Time Measurements To Communication

    UL12Ang, UL23Ang, UL31Ang, Angles of phase voltages, phase-to-phase voltages and residual voltages. U0Ang, U0CalcAng U1 Pos.seq V Ang, U2 Neg.seq V Positive and negative sequence angles. Powers S3PH P3PH Three-phase apparent, active and reactive power. Q3PH © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 471 M thermal T Motor thermal temperature. F thermal T Feeder thermal temperature. T thermal T Transformer thermal temperature. RTD meas 1…16 RTD measurement channels 1…16. Ext RTD meas 1…8 External RTD measurement channels 1…8 (ADAM module). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 472: Modbus Gateway

    -10 000 000.000…10 000 Magnitude X 0.001 - The unit depends on the selected 000.000 magnitude (either amperes, volts, or per- unit values). 5.6 Modbus Gateway Figure. 5.6 - 206. Example setup of Modbus Gateway application. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 473 Arc protection relays AQ-103 and AQ-103 LV Modbus variant is designed to work as a sub unit with Modbus Gateway master. More details about AQ-103 and AQ-103 LV capabilities and how to set them up can be found in AQ-103 Instruction manual (arcteq.fi./downloads/). Also see application example at the end of this chapter.
  • Page 474 RTU. AQ-103 Modbus variant is able to report various signals like number of installed sensors, sensor activations, I/O activations etc. Holding registers of each signal can be found in the AQ-103 instruction manual. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 475 Figure. 5.6 - 208. To report imported bit signals to SCADA the signals must be connected to a logical output. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 476 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 5 Communication Instruction manual 5.6 Modbus Gateway Version: 2.09 Figure. 5.6 - 209. Example mimic where sensor activation location is indicated with a symbol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 477: Connections Of Aq-F255

    6 Connections and application examples A A Q Q -F255 -F255 6.1 Connections of AQ-F255 Instruction manual Version: 2.09 6 Connections and application examples 6.1 Connections of AQ-F255 Figure. 6.1 - 210. AQ-F255 variant without add-on modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 478 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual 6.1 Connections of AQ-F255 Version: 2.09 Figure. 6.1 - 211. AQ-F255 variant with digital input and output modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 479: Application Example And Its Connections

    6.2 Application example and its connections Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 6.1 - 212. AQ-F255 application example with function block diagram. 6.2 Application example and its connections This chapter presents an application example for the feeder protection relay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd...

  • Page 480: Two-Phase, Three-Wire Aron Input Connection

    This chapter presents the two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection for any AQ-200 series device with a current transformer. The example is for applications with protection CTs for just two phases. The connection is suitable for both motor and feeder applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 481: Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

    (52b) even after the circuit breaker is opened. This requires a resistor which reduces the current: this way the coil is not energized and the relay output does not need to cut off the coil's inductive current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 482 Non-latched outputs are seen as hollow circles in the output matrix, whereas latched contacts are painted. See the image below of an output matrix where a non-latched trip contact is used to open the circuit breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 483 (in an open state) cannot be monitored as the digital input is shorted by the device's trip output. Figure. 6.4 - 218. Trip circuit supervision with one DI and one latched output contact. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 484 Logical output can be used in the output matrix or in SCADA as the user wants. The image below presents a block scheme when a non-latched trip output is not used. Figure. 6.4 - 219. Example block scheme. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 485: Construction And Installation Tion

    The images below present the modules of both the non-optioned model (AQ- X255-XXXXXXX-AAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAA) and a partially optioned model (AQ- X255-XXXXXXX-BBBBBCAAAA BBBBBCAAAAJ J ). Figure. 7.1 - 220. Modular construction of AQ-X255-XXXXXXX-AAAAAAAAAAA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 486 In field upgrades, therefore, add-on modules must be ordered from Arcteq Relays Ltd. or its representative who can then provide the module with its corresponding unlocking code to allow the device to operate correctly once the hardware configuration has been upgraded.
  • Page 487 "OUT15" to this slot. If the scan finds the arc protection module, it reserves the sensor channels ("S1", "S2", "S3", "S4"), the high-speed outputs ("HSO1", "HSO2"), and the digital input channel ("ArcBI") to this slot. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 488: Cpu Module

    Modbus/RTU, Modbus I/O, SPA, DNP3, IEC 101 and IEC 103. The pins have COM B the following designations: Pin 1 = DATA +, Pin 2 = DATA –, Pin 3 = GND, Pins 4 & 5 = Terminator resistor enabled by shorting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 489 Table. 7.2 - 399. Digital input settings. Name Range Step Default Description 0: NO (Normally open) Selects whether the status of the digital input is 1 or 0 DIx Polarity 0: NO 1: NC (Normally when the input is energized. closed) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 490 (T1…Tx), it takes an additional 5 ms round. Therefore, when a digital input controls a digital output internally, it takes 0…15 milliseconds in theory and 2…13 milliseconds in practice. NOTICE! TICE! The mechanical delay of the relay is no not t included in these approximations! © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 491: Current Measurement Module

    64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Current measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 492: Voltage Measurement Module

    64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Voltage measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 493: Option Cards

    1 V. All digital inputs are scannced in 5 ms program cycles, and their pick-up and release delays as well as their NO/NC selection can be set with software. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 494 (NC) defines whether or not the digital input is considered activated when the digital input channel is energized. The diagram below depicts the digital input states when the input channels are energized and de- energized. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 495 Control → Device IO → Digital inputs → Digital input voltages . Table. 7.5.1 - 403. Digital input channel voltage measurement. Name Range Step Description DIx Voltage now 0.000...275.000 V 0.001 V Voltage measurement of a digital input channel. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 496: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    For technical details please refer to the chapter titled "Digital output module" in the "Technical data" section of this document. Digital output descriptions Option card outputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor • matrix © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 497: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module (Optional)

    Figure. 7.5.3 - 229. Arc protection module. Table. 7.5.3 - 405. Module connections. Connector Description Light sensor channels 1…4 with positive ("+"), sensor ("S") and earth connectors. HSO2 (+, NO) Common battery positive terminal (+) for the HSOs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 498 BI1, HSO1 and HSO2 are not visible in the Binary inputs and Binary outputs menus ( Control → Device I/O ), they can only be programmed in the arc matrix menu ( Protection → Arc protection → I/O → Direct output control and HSO control ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 499: Rtd Input Module (Optional)

    The RTD input module is an add-on module with eight (8) RTD input channels. Each input supports 2-wire, 3-wire and 4-wire RTD sensors. The sensor type can be selected with software for two groups, four channels each. The card supports Pt100 and Pt1000 sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 500: Serial Rs-232 Communication Module (Optional)

    Description • Serial-based communications • Wavelength 660 nm Serial fiber (GG/PP/ COM E • Compatible with 50/125 μm, 62.5/125 μm, 100/140 μm, and 200 μm GP/PG) Plastic-Clad Silica (PCS) fiber • Compatible with ST connectors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 501 COM F – Clock sync GND Clock synchronization input Pin 12 The option card includes two serial communication interfaces: COM E is a serial fiber interface with glass/plastic option, COM F is an RS-232 interface. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 502: Lc Or Rj45 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    • Communication port D, 100 Mbps LC fiber connector. • RJ-45 connectors COM D: • 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode (glass). • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX • Wavelength 1300 nm. Both cards support both HSR and PRP protocols. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 503: Double St 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    For other redundancy options, please refer to the option card "LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module". The images below present two example configurations: the first displays a ring configuration (note how the third party devices are connected in a separate ring), while the second displays a multidrop configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 504 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual 7.5 Option cards Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.5.7 - 235. Example of a ring configuration. Figure. 7.5.7 - 236. Example of a multidrop configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 505: Double Rj45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    • Two Ethernet ports RJ-45 connectors • RJ-45 connectors • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX This option card supports multidrop configurations. For other redundancy options, please refer to the option card "LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 506: Milliampere (Ma) I/O Module (Optional)

    Pin 1 mA OUT 1 + connector (0…24 mA) Pin 2 mA OUT 1 – connector (0…24 mA) Pin 3 mA OUT 2 + connector (0…24 mA) Pin 4 mA OUT 2 – connector (0…24 mA) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 507: Dimensions And Installation

    (½) of the rack's width, meaning that a total of two devices can be installed to the same rack next to one another. The figures below describe the device dimensions (first figure), the device installation (second), and the panel cutout dimensions and device spacing (third). Figure. 7.6 - 240. Device dimensions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 508 A A Q Q -F255 -F255 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual 7.6 Dimensions and installation Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.6 - 241. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 509 7 Construction and installation A A Q Q -F255 -F255 7.6 Dimensions and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.6 - 242. Panel cut-out and spacing of the devices. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 510: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    < ±0.2° (I> 0.1 A) Angle measurement inaccuracy < ±1.0° (I≤ 0.1 A) Burden (50/60 Hz) <0.1 VA Transient overreach <8 % Coarse residual current input (I01) Rated current I 1 A (configurable 0.1…10 A) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 511 4 mm Maximum wire diameter NOTICE! TICE! Current measurement accuracy has been verified with 50/60 Hz. The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 512: Voltage Measurement

    The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. 8.1.1.3 Voltage memory Table. 8.1.1.3 - 408. Technical data for the voltage memory function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 513: Power And Energy Measurement

    3 VA secondary Energy measurement Frequency range 6…75 Hz 0.5% down to 1A RMS (50/60Hz) as standard Energy and power metering 0.2% down to 1A RMS (50/60Hz) option available (see the order code for inaccuracy details) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 514: Frequency Measurement

    Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm Other Minimum recommended fuse rating MCB C2 Table. 8.1.2.1 - 413. Power supply model B Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 18…72 VDC < 20 W Power consumption < 40 W © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 515: Cpu Communication Ports

    Port media Copper Ethernet RJ-45 Number of ports Features IEC 61850 IEC 104 Modbus/TCP Port protocols DNP3 Telnet Data transfer rate 100 MB/s System integration Can be used for system protocols and for local programming © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 516: Cpu Digital Inputs

    Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire 2.5 mm Maximum wire diameter 8.1.2.4 CPU digital outputs Table. 8.1.2.4 - 418. Digital outputs (Normally Open) Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V (AC/DC) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 517 220 VDC 0.15 A Control rate 5 ms Settings Polarity Software settable: Normally Open / Normally Closed Terminal block connection Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 518: Option Cards

    Table. 8.1.3.2 - 421. Technical data for the digital output module. General information Spare part code #SP-250-DO5 Compatibility AQ-250 series models Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V (AC/DC) Continuous carry Make and carry 0.5 s 30 A Make and carry 3 s 15 A © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 519: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module

    Rated auxiliary voltage 250 VDC Continuous carry Make and carry 0.5 s 15 A Make and carry 3 s Breaking capacity, DC (L/R = 40 ms) 1 A/110 W Control rate 5 ms Operation delay <1 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 520: Milliampere Module (Ma Out & Ma In)

    AQ-200 series & AQ-250 series models Signals Output magnitudes 4 × mA output signal (DC) Input magnitudes 1 × mA input signal (DC) mA input Range (hardware) 0...33 mA Range (measurement) 0...24 mA Inaccuracy ±0.1 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 521: Rtd Input Module

    PP Spare part code #SP-2XX-232PP PG Spare part code #SP-2XX-232PG GP Spare part code #SP-2XX-232GP GG Spare part code #SP-2XX-232GG Compatibility AQ-200 series & AQ-250 series models Ports RS-232 Serial fiber (GG/PP/GP/PG) Serial port wavelength 660 nm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 522: Double Lc 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module

    IEC61850, DNP/TCP, Modbus/TCP, IEC104 & FTP ST connectors Duplex ST connectors Connector type 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode fiber 100BASE-FX Transmitter wavelength 1260…1360 nm (nominal: 1310 nm) Receiver wavelength 1100…1600 nm Maximum distance 2 km IRIG-B Connector © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 523: Display

    Inaccuracy: ±0.5 %I or ±15 mA (0.10…4.0 × I - Current harmonic blocking ±1.0 %-unit of the 2 harmonic setting Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 524: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    I Pick-up Measured residual current I01 (1 A) Used magnitude Measured residual current I02 (0.2 A) Calculated residual current I0Calc (5 A) Pick-up current setting 0.0001…40.00 × I , setting step 0.0001 × I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 525: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    Table. 8.2.1.3 - 433. Technical data for the directional overcurrent function. Input signals Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I RMS phase currents Current input magnitudes TRMS phase currents Peak-to-peak phase currents Current input calculations Positive sequence current angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 526 <50 ms Not t e! e! • The minimum voltage for direction solving is 1.0 V secondary. During three-phase short-circuits the angle memory is active for 0.5 seconds in case the voltage drops below 1.0 V. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 527: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    0…250.0000, step 0.0001 - B IDMT constant 0…5.0000, step 0.0001 - C IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: ±1.5 % or ±25 ms - IDMT operating time ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time Instant operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 528: Intermittent Earth Fault Protection (I0Int>; 67Nt)

    Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio 1.05→ <15 ms Reset time Reset time setting (FWD and REV) 0.000…1800.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±35 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 529: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    <70 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.5 % or ±60 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <55 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 530: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms Not t e! e! • Harmonics generally: The amplitude of the harmonic content has to be least 0.02 × I when the relative mode (Ih/IL) is used. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 531: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time <50 ms 8.2.1.9 Low-impedance or high-impedance restricted earth fault/ cable end differential protection (I0d>; 87N) Table. 8.2.1.9 - 439. Technical data for the restricted earth fault/cable end differential function. Measurement inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 532: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U - Voltage Operating time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (U ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±35 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 533: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV - Voltage Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (U ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±35 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 534: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    ±30 mV - Voltage U0 - Voltage U0Calc ±150 mV Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (U0 ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±45 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 535: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Np)

    , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV -Voltage Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy -Definite Time (U ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±35 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 536: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio +/- 50 mHz (Fixed) <70 ms (max. step size: 100 mHz) ratio +/- 50 mHz (Tracking) <3 cycles or <60 ms (max. step size: 100 mHz) Reset © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 537: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    +/- 50 mHz) ±1.5 % or ±110 ms (max. step size: 100 mHz) Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio +/- 20 mHz (overreach) <200 ms ratio +/- 200 mHz (overreach) <90 ms Reset © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 538: Line Thermal Overload Protection (Tf>; 49F)

    8.2.1.17 Overpower (P>; 32O), underpower (P<; 32U) and reverse power (Pr; 32R) protection Table. 8.2.1.17 - 447. Technical data for the power protection functions. Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 539: Voltage-Restrained Overcurrent Protection (Iv>; 51V)

    8.2.1.18 Voltage-restrained overcurrent protection (Iv>; 51V) Table. 8.2.1.18 - 448. Technical data for the voltage-restrained overcurrent protection function. Measurement inputs Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current input magnitudes RMS phase currents Voltage inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 540: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    Table. 8.2.1.19 - 449. Technical data of the resistance temperature detectors. Inputs Resistance input magnitudes Measured temperatures measured by RTD sensors RTD channels 12 individual RTD channels Settable alarms 24 alarms available (two per each RTD channel) Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 541: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc) (Optional)

    - Semiconductor outputs HSO1 and Typically 7 ms (2…12 ms) HSO2 Typically 10 ms (6.5…15 ms) - Regular relay outputs Reset Reset ratio for current 97 % of the pick-up setting Reset time <35 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 542: Control Functions

    Open command output Operation time Breaker traverse time setting 0.02…500.00 s, setting step 0.02 s Max. close/open command pulse length 0.02…500.00 s, setting step 0.02 s Control termination time out setting 0.02…500.00 s, setting step 0.02 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 543: Version

    - AR shot action time 0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.005 s - AR shot specific reclaim time 0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy AR starting (from a protection ±1.0 % or ±30 ms (AR delay) stage's START signal) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 544: Cold Load Pick-Up (Clpu)

    • A single-phase current (IL1, IL2 or IL3) is enough to prolong or release the blocking during an overcurrent condition. 8.2.2.6 Switch-on-to-fault (SOTF) Table. 8.2.2.6 - 456. Technical data for the switch-on-to-fault function. Initialization signals SOTF activate input Any blocking input signal (Object closed signal, etc.) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 545: Zero Sequence Recloser (79N)

    Any or all system line-to-line voltage(s) Any or all system line-to-neutral voltage(s) Monitored voltages Specifically chosen line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltage U4 channel voltage Pick-up Pick-up setting 0.05…30.00°, setting step 0.01° Inaccuracy: - Voltage angle ±30% overreach or 1.00 ° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 546: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    20 mHz - Angle ±2.0° Activation time Activation (to LD/DL/DD) <35 ms Activation (to Live Live) <60 ms Reset <40 ms Bypass modes Voltage check mode (excluding LL) LL+LD, LL+DL, LL+DD, LL+LD+DL, LL+LD+DD, LL+DL+DD, bypass © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 547: Monitoring Functions

    > 1.05 <80 ms (<50 ms in differential protection relays) Reset Reset ratio 97/103 % of the pick-up current setting Instant reset time and start-up reset <80 ms (<50 ms in differential protection relays) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 548: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    • When turning on the auxiliary power of a device, the normal condition of a stage has to be fulfilled before tripping. 8.2.3.3 Circuit breaker wear monitoring Table. 8.2.3.3 - 462. Technical data for the circuit breaker wear monitoring function. Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 549: Current Total Harmonic Distortion

    - Instant operating time, when I ratio > 3 Typically <20ms - Instant operating time, when I ratio Typically <25 ms 1.05 < I < 3 Reset Reset time Typically <10 ms Reset ratio 97 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 550: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    Freely selectable analog and binary signals channels 5 ms sample rate (FFT) Performance Sample rate 8, 16, 32 or 64 samples/cycle 0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.001 s Recording length The maximum length is determined by the chosen signals. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 551: Event Logger

    = 150 kHz…80 MHz, 10 V (RMS) EN 60255-26, IEC 61000-4-6 Table. 8.3 - 468. Voltage tests. Dielectric voltage test EN 60255-27, IEC 60255-5, EN 60255-1 2 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min Impulse voltage test © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 552 Table. 8.3 - 471. Environmental conditions. IP classes IP54 (front) Casing protection class IP21 (rear) Temperature ranges Ambient service temperature range –35…+70 °C Transport and storage temperature range –40…+70 °C Other Altitude <2000 m Overvoltage category Pollution degree © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 553 Height: 208 mm Dimensions Width: 257 mm (½ rack) Depth: 165 mm (no cards or connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross) Height: 250 mm Dimensions Width: 343 mm Depth: 256 mm Weight 2.0 kg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 554: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    Accessories Order code der code Descrip Description tion Not t e e Manufact Manufactur urer er External 6-channel 2 or 3 wires RTD Input Requires an Advanced ADAM-4015-CE module, pre-configured external power module Co. Ltd. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...
  • Page 555 Pressure and light point sensor unit (25,000 lux AQ-02B Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) Pressure and light point sensor unit (50,000 lux AQ-02C Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

  • Page 556: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.fi Technical support: support.arcteq.fi +358 10 3221 388 (EET 9:00 – 17.00) E-mail (sales): sales@arcteq.fi © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00015...

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