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Arcteq AQ-F205 Instruction Manual

Feeder protection ied
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AQ-F205
Feeder protection IED
Instruction manual

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Summary of Contents for Arcteq AQ-F205

  • Page 1 AQ-F205 Feeder protection IED Instruction manual...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    4.9 Configuring user levels and their passwords................. 51 5 Functions unctions ...................................................... 54 5.1 Functions included in AQ-F205.................... 54 5.2 Measurements........................56 5.2.1 Current measurement and scaling ................56 5.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling ................68 5.2.3 Power and energy calculation ..................79 5.2.4 Frequency tracking and scaling .................
  • Page 4 7 Connections and applic 7 Connections and applica a tion examples tion examples..................................370 7.1 Connections of AQ-F205 ....................370 7.2 Application example and its connections................371 7.3 Two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection ..............372 7.4 Trip circuit supervision (95) ....................373...
  • Page 5 9.3 Tests and environmental ....................415 10 Or 10 Ordering inf dering informa ormation tion ............................................418 11 Contact and r 11 Contact and re e f f er erence inf ence informa ormation tion....................................419 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 6 Nothing contained in this document shall increase the liability or extend the warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and/or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instructions contained herein or caused by persons who do not fulfil the aforementioned requirements.
  • Page 7 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Copyright Copyright © Arcteq Relays Ltd. 2021. All rights reserved. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 8: Document Inf

    - Complete rewrite of every chapter. Changes - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - Order codes revised. Revision 2.02 Date 7.7.2020 Changes - A number of image descriptions improved. Revision 2.03 Date 27.8.2020 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 9 - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - Improved and updated IED user interface display images. - AQ-F205 Functions included list Added: Voltage memory, indicator objects, programmable control switch, measurement recorder. - Added "32N" ANSI code to directional earth fault protection modes "unearthed" and "petersen coil grounded".

  • Page 10: Version 1 Revision Notes

    1.2 Version 1 revision notes Table. 1.2 - 2. Version 1 revision notes Revision 1.00 Date 8.4.2013 Changes The first revision for AQ-F205 IED. Revision 1.01 Date 22.11.2013 Application example for ARON input connection added Application example for trip circuit supervision.
  • Page 11 Ring-lug CT card option description added Changes Order code revised Non-standard inverse time delay curves added Internal harmonic blocking parameter to I>,I0>,Idir>,I0dir> functions RTD&mA card description improved Revision 1.09 Date 18.1.2019 Changes HMI Display technical data added © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 12: Abbr Bbre E Via Viations Tions

    FFT – Fast Fourier transform FTP – File Transfer Protocol GI – General interrogation HMI – Human-machine interface HR – Holding register HV – High voltage HW – Hardware IDMT– Inverse definite minimum time IED – Intelligent electronic device © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 13 SG – Setting group SOTF – Switch-on-to-fault SW – Software THD – Total harmonic distortion TRMS – True root mean square VT – Voltage transformer VTM – Voltage transformer module VTS – Voltage transformer supervision © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 14: General

    The AQ-F205 feeder protection relay is a member of the AQ-200 product line. However, while the hardware and the software are modular in the AQ-200 product line, AQ-F205 is provided as a fixed feeder protection relay with a factory set of I/O and functionality. This manual describes the specific application of the AQ-F205 feeder protection relay.

  • Page 15: Ied User Interface Erface

    (hardware or software) error that affects the operation of the unit. The activation of the yellow "Start" LED and the red "Trip" LED are based on the setting the user has put in place in the software. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 16: Mimic And Main Menu

    ) takes you to the password menu where you can enter the passwords for the various user levels (User, Operator, Configurator, and Super-user). 4.2.2 Navigation in the main configuration menus All the settings in this device have been divided into the following six (6) main configuration menus: • General • Protection © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 17: General Menu

    The General main menu is divided into two submenus: the Device info tab presents the information of the device, while the Function comments tab allows you to view all comments you have added to the functions. Figure. 4.3 - 4. General menu structure © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 18 Info page with the Force status to parameter. System phase rotating 0: A-B-C Allows the user to switch the expected order in which 0: A-B-C order 1: A-C-B the phase measurements are wired to the unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 19 Displays the status of all enabled functions. Monitor profile Function comments Function comments displays notes of each function that has been activated in the Protection, Control and Monitoring menu. Function notes can be edited by the user. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 20: Protection Menu

    The Protection main menu includes the Stage activation submenu as well as the submenus for all the various protection functions, categorized under the following modules: "Arc protection", "Current", "Voltage", "Frequency", "Sequence" and "Supporting" (see the image below). The available functions depend on the device type in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 21 For example, the I> (overcurrent) protection stage can be found in the "Current" module, whereas the U< (undervoltage) protection stage can be found in the "Voltage" module. Figure. 4.4 - 9. Submenus for Stage activation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 22 Each protection stage and supporting function has five sections in their stage submenus: "Info", "Settings", " Registers", "I/O" and "Events". Figure. 4.4 - 11. Info. The "Info" section offers many details concerning the function and its status: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 23 Voltage and current transformers nominal values can be set at Measurement → Transformers . • Delay type and operating time delay settings are described in detail in chapter General properties of a protection function . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 24 Data included in the register depend on the protection function. You can clear the the operation register by choosing "Clear registers" → "Clear". "General event register" stores the event generated by the stage. These general event registers cannot be cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 25 "Blocking input control" allows you to block stages. The blocking can be done by using any of the following: • digital inputs • logical inputs or outputs • the START, TRIP or BLOCKED information of another protection stage • object status information. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 26: Control Menu

    , for configuring the objects ( Objects) , for setting the various control functions ( Control functions) , and for configuring the inputs and outputs ( Device I/O) . The available control functions depend on the model of the device in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 27 Force SG change enable must be "Enabled"). • Used se Used set t ting gr ting groups oups: this setting allows the activation of setting groups SG1...SG8 (only one group is active by default). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 28 Each activated object is visible in the Objects submenu. By default all objects are disabled unless specifically activated in the Controls → Controls enabled submenu. Each active object has four sections in their submenus: "Settings", "Application control" ("App contr"), "Registers" and "Events". These are described in further detail below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 29 A request is considered to have failed when the object does not change its status as a result of that request. • C C lear sta lear statistics tistics: statistics can be cleared by choosing "Clear statistics" and then "Clear". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 30 MIMIC (each level has its own password). By default, the access level is set to "Configurator". • You can use digital inputs to control the object locally or remotely. Remote controlling via the bus is configured on the protocol level. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 31 Object blocking is done in the "Blocking input control" subsection. It can be done by any of the following: digital inputs, logical inputs or outputs, object status information as well as stage starts, trips or blocks. Figure. 4.5 - 22. Registers section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 32 In the image series below, the user has activated three control functions. The user accesses the list of activated control stages through the "Control functions" module, and selects the control function for further inspection. Figure. 4.5 - 24. Control functions submenu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 33 While the function is activated and disabled in the Control → Controls enabled submenu, you can disable the function through the "Info" section (the [function name] mode at the top of the section). Figure. 4.5 - 26. Settings section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 34 Data included in the register depend on the control function. You can clear the the operation register by choosing "Clear registers" → "Clear". "General event register" stores the event generated by the stage. These general event registers cannot be cleared. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 35 "Blocking input control" allows you to block stages. The blocking can be done by using any of the following: • digital inputs. • logical inputs or outputs. • the START, TRIP or BLOCKED information of another protection stage. • object status information. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 36 Mimic Indicator", "Logic signals" and "GOOSE matrix". Please note that digital inputs, logic outputs, protection stage status signals (START, TRIP, BLOCKED, etc.) as well as object status signals can be connected to an output relay or to LEDs in the "Device I/O matrix" section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 37 "Event masks" subsection you can determine which events are masked –and therefore recorded into the event history– and which are not. Figure. 4.5 - 32. Digital outputs section. All settings related to digital outputs can be found in the "Digital outputs" section. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 38 LED quick displays and the matrices. You can also modify the color of the LED ("LED color settings") between green and yellow; by default all LEDs are green. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 39 These signals can be used in a variety of situations, such as for controlling the logic program, for function blocking, etc. You can name each switch and set the access level to determine who can control the switch. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 40 Logical output signals can be used as the end result of a logic that has been built in the AQtivate setting tool. The end result can then be connected to a digital output or a LED in the matrix, block functions and much more. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 41: Communication Menu

    IP address of your device (can be found in the Communication → Connections submenu). As a standard, the devices support the following communication protocols: NTP, IEC 61850, Modbus/TCP, Modbus/RTU, IEC 103, IEC 101/104, SPA, DNP3 and Modbus/IO. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 42 When communicating with a device through a front Ethernet port connection, the IP address is always 192.168.66.9. SERIAL COM1 & COM2 SERIAL COM1 & COM2 SERIAL COM1 and SERIAL COM2 are reserved for serial communication option cards. They have the same settings as RS-485 port. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 43 • DNP3: Supports serial and Ethernet communication. • ModbusIO: Used for connecting external devices like ADAM RTD measurement units. NOTE! Please refer to the "System integration" chapter for a more detailed text on the various communication options. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 44: Measurement Menu

    Transformers menu is used for setting up the measurement settings of available current transformer modules or voltage transformer modules. Some unit types have more than one CT or VT module. Some unit types like AQ-S214 do not have current or voltage transformers at all. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 45 U4 channel can be set to work as residual voltage mode or "SS" (system set) mode, which can be used for synchrochecking, synchronizing and other uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 46 Ref1, fRef2 and fRef3. With these parameters it is possible to set up three voltage or current channels to be used for frequency sampling. Parameter "f.meas in use" indicates which of the three channels are used for sampling if any. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 47 (IL1, IL2, IL3) as well as the two residual currents (I01, I02); each component can be displayed as absolute or percentage values, and as primary or secondary amperages or in per-unit values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 48 • "Harmonics" displays harmonics up to the 31 harmonic for all four voltages (U1, U2, U3, U4); each component can be displayed as absolute or percentage values, and as primary or secondary voltages or in per-unit values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 49 "Energy measurements" displays the three-phase energy as well as the energies of the individual phases. Impedance calculations Figure. 4.7 - 48. Impedance calculations submenu. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 50: Monitoring Menu

    ( Disturbance REC ) and accessing the device diagnostics ( Device diagnostics ). The available monitoring functions depend on the type of the device in use. Figure. 4.8 - 50. Monitoring menu view. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 51 Configuring monitor functions is very similar to configuring protection and control stages. They, too, have the five sections that display information ("Info"), set the parameters ("Settings"), show the inputs and outputs ("I/O") and present the events and registers ("Events" and "Registers"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 52 • "Pretriggering time" can be selected between 0.1…15.0 s. • The IED can record up to 20 (20) analog channels that can be selected from the twenty (20) available channels. Every measured current or voltage signal can be selected to be recorded. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 53: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    A number of stars are displayed in the upper right corner of the HMI; these indicate the current user level. The different user levels and their star indicators are as follows (also, see the image below for the HMI view): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 54 • User: Can view any menus and settings but cannot change any settings, nor operate breakers or other equipment. • Operator: Can view any menus and settings but cannot change any settings BUT can operate breakers and other equipment. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 55 • Super user: Can change any setting and can operate breakers and other equipment. NOTE! Any user level with a password automatically locks itself after half an hour (30 minutes) of inactivity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 56: Functions Unctions

    Instruction manual Version: 2.04 5 Functions 5.1 Functions included in AQ-F205 The AQ-F205 feeder protection relay includes the following functions as well as the number of stages in those functions. Table. 5.1 - 4. Protection functions of AQ-F205. Name (number...
  • Page 57 Overpower protection UPW (1) P< Underpower protection RPW (1) Reverse power protection VMEM (1) Voltage memory Table. 5.1 - 5. Control functions of AQ-F205. Name ANSI Description Setting group selection Object control and monitoring (5 objects available) Indicator object monitoring...

  • Page 58: Measurements

    SEC: SEC: The secondary current, i.e. the current which the current transformer transforms according to its ratios. This current is measured by the protection relay. NOM: NOM: The nominal primary current of the protected object. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 59 The following figure presents how CTs are connected to the relay's measurement inputs. It also shows example CT ratings and nominal current of the load. Figure. 5.2.1 - 56. Connections. The following table presents the initial data of the connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 60 (in this case they are the set primary and secondary currents of the CT). If the protected object's nominal current is chosen to be the basis for the per-unit scaling, the option "Object in p.u." is selected for the "Scale meas to In" setting (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 61 The ring core CT is connected to the CTM directly, which requires the use of sensitive residual current measurement settings: the "I02 CT" settings are set according to the ring core CT's ratings (10/1 A). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 62 As the images above show, the scaling selection does not affect how primary and secondary currents are displayed (as actual values). The only effect is that the per-unit system in the relay is scaled either to the CT nominal or to the object nominal, making the settings input straightforward. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 63 The measured current amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the CTs and the relay. The calculated I0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 64 The following image presents the most common problems with phase polarity. Problems with phase polarity are easy to find because the vector diagram points towards the opposite polarity when a phase has been incorrectly connected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 65 If two phases are mixed together, the network rotation always follows the pattern IL1-IL3-IL2 and the measured negative sequence current is therefore always 1.00 (in. p.u.). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 66 "Scale measurement to In" setting. Ipu scaling A relay feedback value; the scaling factor for the primary current's primary per-unit value. Ipu scaling A relay feedback value; the scaling factor for the secondary current's secondary per-unit value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 67 The primary RMS current measurement from each of the phase current ILx 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 current channels. ("Pri.Pha.curr.ILx") Primary phase current ILx TRMS The primary TRMS current (inc. harmonics up to 31 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 ("Pha.curr.ILx measurement from each of the phase current channels. TRMS Pri") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 68 The secondary RMS current measurement from the residual current current I0x 0.00…300.00 0.01 channel I01 or I02. ("Sec.Res.curr.I0x") Secondary The secondary RMS current measurement from the calculated current calculated I0 0.00…300.00 0.01 channel I0. ("Sec.calc.I0") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 69 Secondary negative sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated negative 0.00…300.00 0.01 ("Sec.Negative sequence sequence current. curr") Secondary zero sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated zero current 0.00…300.00 0.01 sequence current. ("Sec.Zero sequence curr.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 70: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    The measured values are processed into the measurement database and they are used by measurement and protection functions (the protection function availability depends of the relay type). It is essential to understand the concept of voltage measurements to be able to get correct measurements. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 71 VT ratings. In the figure below, three line-to-neutral voltages are connected along with the zero sequence voltage; therefore, the 3LN+U4 mode must be selected and the U4 channel must be set as U0. Other possible connections are presented later in this chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 72 ( Protection → Voltage → [protection stage menu] → INFO ; see the image below). The number of available protection functions depends on the relay type. Figure. 5.2.2 - 68. Selecting the measured magnitude. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 73 • 2LL+U3+U4 (two line-to-line voltages and the U3 and the U4 channels can be used for synchrochecking, zero sequence voltage, or for both) The 3LN+U0 is the most common voltage measurement mode. See below for example connections of voltage line-to-line measurement (3LL on the left, 2LL on the right). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 74 The measurement mode is 3LN+U4 which means that the relay is measuring line-to-neutral voltages. The VT scaling has been set to 20 000 : 100 V. The U4 channel measures the zero sequence voltage which has the same ratio (20 000 : 100 V). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 75 The measured voltage amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the VTs and the relay. The calculated U0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 76 "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. U3 Res/SS VT The secondary nominal voltage of the connected U0 or SS VT. This 0.2…400V 0.1V 100.0V secondary setting is only valid if the "2LL+U3+U4" mode is selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 77 The following measurements are available in the measured voltage channels. Table. 5.2.2 - 26. Per-unit voltage measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Voltage Ux × U 0.00…500.0 0.01 The RMS voltage measurement (in p.u.) from each of the voltage channels. ("UxVolt p.u.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 78 Range Step Description Secondary positive sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated positive voltage 0.00…4800.0 0.01 sequence voltage. ("Pos.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary negative sequence The secondary measurement from the calculated negative voltage 0.00…4800.0 0.01 sequence voltage. ("Neg.seq.Volt.sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 79 ("System volt UL2 mag") System voltage magnitude The primary RMS line-to-neutral UL3 voltage (measured or calculated). You 0.00…1000000.00 0.01 can also select the row where the unit for this is kV. ("System volt UL3 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 80 System voltage angle 0.00…360.0 0.01 The primary line-to-neutral angle UL3 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL3 ang") System voltage angle 0.00…360.0 0.01 The primary zero sequence angle U0 (measured or calculated). ("System volt U0 ang") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 81: Power And Energy Calculation

    The following equations apply for power calculations with the line-to-neutral mode and the line- to-line voltage mode (with U0 connected and measured): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 82 The direction of reactive power is divided into four quadrants. Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions. Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan (φ) (tangent phi), which is calculated according the following formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 83 (i.e. wiring errors, wrong measurement modes, faulty frequency settings, etc.). Settings Table. 5.2.3 - 36. Power and energy measurement settings Name Range Step Default Description 3ph active 0: Disabled energy Enables/disables the active energy measurement. 1: Enabled Disabled measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 84 Clear pulse 0: - Resets the "DC 1…4 Pulses sent" counters back to 0: - counter 1: Clear zero. DC 1…4 0: Disabled Enables/disables the energy dose counter 1…4 0: Disabled enable 1: Enabled individually. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 85 Name Unit Range Step Description Lx Apparent power (S) 0.01 The apparent power of Phase Lx in kilo-volt-amperes -1x10 …1x10 Lx Active power (P) 0.01 The active power of Phase Lx in kilowatts -1x10 …1x10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 86 (P) (kVAh or MVAh) active energy is imported. 904.00 Table. 5.2.3 - 42. Single-phase energy calculations (L1...L3). Name Range Step Description Export Active Energy Lx (kWh or MWh) 0.01 The exported active energy of the phase. -1x10 …1x10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 87 1000 : 5 A. Voltages (line-to-neutral): Currents: = 40.825 V, 45.00° = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 61.481 V, -159.90° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 97.742 V, 126.21° = 2.5 A, 120.00° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 88 = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 100.00 V, -90.00° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 2.5 A, 120.00° Name Values 3PH (S) 20.00 MVA 3PH (P) 17.32 MW 3PH (Q) 0.00 Mvar 3PH Tan 0.00 3PH Cos 0.87 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 89: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    FFT calculation always has a whole power cycle in the buffer. The measurement accuracy is further improved by Arcteq's patented calibration algorithms that calibrate the analog channels against eight (8) system frequency points for both magnitude and angle.
  • Page 90 0: Use track 0: Use Defines the start of the sampling. Sampling can begin with Start sampling frequency track a previously tracked frequency, or with a user-set nominal with 1: Use nom frequency frequency. frequency © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 91: Protection Functions

    5.3.1 General properties of a protection function The following flowchart describes the basic structure of any protection function. The basic structure is composed of analog measurement values being compared to the pick-up values and operating time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 92 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 93 Figure. 5.3.1 - 78. Pick up and reset. The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if a blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 94 • Definite time operation (DT): activates the trip signal after a user-defined time delay regardless of the measured current as long as the current is above or below the X value and thus the pick-up element is active (independent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 95 Selects whether the delay curve series for an IDMT operation follows either IEC or IEEE/ANSI standard defined characteristics. Delay curve 0: IEC 0: IEC series 1: IEEE This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is set to "IDMT". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 96 "Param". Defines the Constant C for IEEE characteristics. This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is 0.0000…250.0000 0.0001 0.0200 set to "IDMT" and the "Delay characteristic" parameter is set to "Param". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 97 = Operating delay (s) t = Operating delay (s) k = Time dial setting k = Time dial setting = Measured maximum current = Measured maximum current = Pick-up setting = Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 98 1: Yes reset. release time The behavior of the stages with different release time configurations are presented in the figures below. Figure. 5.3.1 - 82. No delayed pick-up release. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 99 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 5.3.1 - 83. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. Figure. 5.3.1 - 84. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 100: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 101 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional overcurrent function. Figure. 5.3.2 - 86. Simplified function block diagram of the I> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 102 I value. The setting value is common for all measured phases, and when the I exceeds the I value (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 103 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 104 Block ON 1285 NOC1 Block OFF 1286 NOC1 Phase A Start ON 1287 NOC1 Phase A Start OFF 1288 NOC1 Phase B Start ON 1289 NOC1 Phase B Start OFF 1290 NOC1 Phase C Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 105 NOC3 Phase A Start OFF 1416 NOC3 Phase B Start ON 1417 NOC3 Phase B Start OFF 1418 NOC3 Phase C Start ON 1419 NOC3 Phase C Start OFF 1420 NOC3 Phase A Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 106 Event Pre-trigger Fault Pre-fault Trip time Fault type Used SG time code current current current remaining Start/Trip Start dd.mm.yyyy 1280-1489 Start/ Setting group L1-E…L1-L2-L3 -20ms -200ms hh:mm:ss.mss Descr. Trip current ms...1800s 1...8 active current current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 107: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional earth fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 108 Table. 5.3.3 - 56. General settings of the function. Name Description Range Default Setting control Activating this parameter permits changing the pick-up level of the protection stage Disabled from comm bus via SCADA. Disabled Allowed © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 109 Time 0.005 When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a trip, this remaining 0.000...1800.000 s displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 110 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.3 - 60. Event codes. Event number Event channel Event block name Event code Description 1664 NEF1 Start ON 1665 NEF1 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 111: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 112 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the directional overcurrent function. Figure. 5.3.4 - 88. Simplified function block diagram of the Idir> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 113 Table. 5.3.4 - 63. General settings of the function. Name Description Range Step Default 1: RMS Measured Defines which available measured magnitude is used by the 2: TRMS 1: RMS magnitude function. 3: Peak-to- peak © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 114 The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. Figure. 5.3.4 - 89. Angle tracking of the Idir> function (3LN/3LL + U mode). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 115 In a short- circuit the angle comes from impedance calculation. Figure. 5.3.4 - 90. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 116 When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a trip, remaining -1800.000...1800.00s 0.005s this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip meas The ratio between the highest measured phase current and the pick-up 0.00...1250.00I 0.01I at the value. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 117 Table. 5.3.4 - 67. Event codes. Event Number Event channel Event block name Event Code Description 4800 DOC1 Start ON 4801 DOC1 Start OFF 4802 DOC1 Trip ON 4803 DOC1 Trip OFF 4804 DOC1 Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 118 4939 DOC3 Using voltmem OFF 4992 DOC4 Start ON 4993 DOC4 Start OFF 4994 DOC4 Trip ON 4995 DOC4 Trip OFF 4996 DOC4 Block ON 4997 DOC4 Block OFF 4998 DOC4 No voltage, Blocking ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 119: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    (DT) or for inverse definite minimum time (IDMT); the IDMT operation supports both IEC and ANSI standard time delays as well as custom parameters. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 120 Both I and U must be above the squelch limit to be able to detect the angle. The squelch limit for the I current is 0.01 x I and for the U voltage 0.01 x U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 121 ). The reset ratio of 97 % is built into the function and is always relative to the (or U0 ) value. When the I exceeds the I0 value it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 122 I0 angle blinder (Petersen coil earthed) -90.0…0.0° 0.1° -90° The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 123 Each outgoing feeder produces capacitance according to the zero sequence capacitive reactance of the line (ohms per kilometer). It is normal that in cable networks fault currents are higher than in overhead lines. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 124 In emergency situations a line with an earth fault can be used for a specific time. Figure. 5.3.5 - 94. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (Petersen coil earthed network model). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 125 This resistance includes the amplitude of the fault current. In undercompensated or overcompensated situations the resistive component does not change during the fault; therefore, selective tripping is ensured even when the network is slightly undercompensated or overcompensated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 126 Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission, distribution and industry. The phase angle setting of the tripping area is adjustable as is the base direction of the area (angle offset). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 127 CT errors. For all these reasons, Arcteq has developed an improved alternative to these traditional directional earth fault protections.
  • Page 128 No extra parameterization is required compared to the traditional method. The multi- criteria algorithm can be tested with COMTRADE files supplied by Arcteq. The function requires a connection of three-phase currents, residual current and residual voltage to operate correctly.
  • Page 129 The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissioning phase by a software switch signal when the relay's testing mode "Enable stage forcing" is activated ( General → Device ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 130 DEF2 Trip ON 5251 DEF2 Trip OFF 5252 DEF2 Block ON 5253 DEF2 Block OFF 5254 DEF2 I0Cosfi Start ON 5255 DEF2 I0Cosfi Start OF 5256 DEF2 I0Sinfi Start ON 5257 DEF2 I0Sinfi Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 131 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 132: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    IEC and ANSI standard time delays as well as custom parameters. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selelction • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 133 IZ ANG Zero sequence current angle 5 ms IL1RMS Phase L1 (A) measured RMS current 5 ms IL2RMS Phase L2 (B) measured RMS current 5 ms IL3RMS Phase L3 (C) measured RMS current 5 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 134 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup current values and its fault type to be issued. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 135 Unique to the current unbalance protection is the availability of the “Curve2” delay which follows the formula below: • t = Operating time • I = Calculated negative sequence 2meas • k = Constant k value (user settable delay multiplier) • I = Pick-up setting of the function © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 136 The triggering event of the function (START, TRIP or BLOCKED) is recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.6 - 79. Event codes. Event Number Event channel Event block name Event Code Description 2048 CUB1 Start ON 2049 CUB1 Start OFF 2050 CUB1 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 137: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    The outputs of the function are the START, TRIP and BLOCKED signals. The non-directional harmonic overcurrent function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 138 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional harmonic overcurrent function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 139 The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L1 (A) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic IL1FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 140 The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic I01FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 141 × I Selection of the monitored harmonic mode. Either directly per unit x I or in Per unit or × I relative Ih/IL relation to the fundamental frequency magnitude. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 142 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time towards a remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping occurs. to trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 143 HOC1 Trip OFF 2372 HOC1 Block ON 2373 HOC1 Block OFF 2432 HOC2 Start ON 2433 HOC2 Start OFF 2434 HOC2 Trip ON 2435 HOC2 Trip OFF 2436 HOC2 Block ON 2437 HOC2 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 144: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    The outputs of the function are CBFP START, RETRIP, CBFP ACT and BLOCKED signals. The circuit breaker failure protection function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. Additionally, the function's operating mode can be changed via setting group selection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 145 A -20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre-fault data registering. Table. 5.3.8 - 87. Measurement inputs of the CBFP function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 146 Selects the residual current monitoring source, which can be either from the two 1: I01 0: Not I0Input separate residual measurements (I01 and I02) or from the phase current's 2: I02 in use calculated residual current. 3: I0Calc © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 147 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 148 CBFP starts the timer. This setting defines how long the starting condition CBFP 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.200s has to last before the CBFP signal is activated. The following figures present some typical cases of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 149 The retrip is wired from its own device output contact in parallel with the circuit breaker's redundant trip coil. The CBFP signal is normally wired from its device output contact to the incomer breaker. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 150 CBFP signal to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, both counters (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 151 (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 152 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included in the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 153 Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications and settings of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 154 CBFP signal is sent to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, the counter for CBFP resets as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 155 The time delay counter for CBFP is reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 156 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included to the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 157 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 5.3.8 - 110. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 158 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.8 - 92. Event codes. Event number Event channel Event block name Event code Description 2816 CBF1 Start ON 2817 CBF1 Start OFF 2818 CBF1 Retrip ON 2819 CBF1 Retrip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 159: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    The outputs of the function are TRIP and BLOCKED signals. The function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The operating mode of the function can be changed via setting group selection. The operational logic consists of the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 160 RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 I02RMS RMS measurement of residual input I02 IL1Ang Angle of phase L1 (A) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 161 Setting for the first slope of the differential characteristics. Turnpoint Setting for second turn point in the bias axe of the differential 0.01…50.00×I 0.01×I 3.00×I characteristics. Slope 2 0.01…250.00% 0.01% 40.00% Setting for the second slope of the differential characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 162 Figure. 5.3.9 - 114. Differential current (the calculation is based on user-selected inputs and direction). Figure. 5.3.9 - 115. Bias current (the calculation is based on the user-selected mode). Figure. 5.3.9 - 116. Characteristics settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 163 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. The following figures present some typical applications for this function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 164 CTs are still within the promised 5P class (which is probably the most common CT accuracy class). When the current natural unbalance is compensated in this situation, the differential settings may be set to be more sensitive and the natural unbalance does not, therefore, affect the calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 165 During an outside earth fault the circulating residual current in the faulty phase winding does not cause a trip because the comparison of the measured starpoint current and the calculated residual current differential is close to zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 166 If the fault is located inside of the transformer and thus inside of the protection area, the function catches the fault with high sensitivity. Since the measured residual current now flows in the opposite direction than in the outside fault situation, the measured differential current is high. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 167 TRIP-activated and BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 168: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed voltage magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 169 0: P-P Measured Selection of phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth voltages. Additionally, the U3 or voltages voltages magnitude U4 input can be assigned as the voltage channel to be supervised. 2: U3 input (2LL-U3SS) 3: U4 input (SS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 170 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 5.3.10 - 122. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 5.3.10 - 123. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 171 Table. 5.3.10 - 103. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description The primary voltage required for tripping. The displayed pick-up voltage U< pick- 0.0...1 000 000.0V 0.1V level depends on the pick-up setting and the voltage transformer up setting settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 172 • Definite time operation (DT): gives the TRIP signal after a user-defined time delay regardless of the measured voltage as long as the voltage is above the U value and thus the pick-up element is active (independent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 173 2: Yes release 2: Yes element is not activated during this time. When disabled, the operating time time counter is reset directly after the pick-up element is reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 174 Trip OFF 5508 Block ON 5509 Block OFF 5568 Start ON 5569 Start OFF 5570 Trip ON 5571 Trip OFF 5572 Block ON 5573 Block OFF 5632 Start ON 5633 Start OFF 5634 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 175: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed voltage magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 176 Table. 5.3.11 - 108. Measurement inputs of the U< function. Signal Description Time base RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 177 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 5.3.11 - 126. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. Figure. 5.3.11 - 127. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LL+U4 VT connection (P-E voltages not available without residual voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 178 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 179 0.01U The ratio between U or U voltage and the pick-up value. at the moment meas The ratio between the lowest measured phase or line voltage and the 0.00...1250.00U 0.01U at the pick-up value. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 180 • t = operating time • k = time dial setting • U = measured voltage • U = pick-up setting • a = IDMT multiplier setting The following table presents the setting parameters for the function's time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 181 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.3.11 - 114. Event codes. Event number Event channel Event block name Event code Description 5696 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 182 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 183: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to zero sequence voltage calculation). Below are some examples of zero sequence calculation. Figure. 5.3.12 - 130. Normal situation. Figure. 5.3.12 - 131. Earth fault in isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 184 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the neutral overvoltage function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 185 Pick-up setting U0set> Pick-up setting The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 186 There are three basic operating modes available for the function: • Instant operation: gives the TRIP signal with no additional time delay simultaneously with the START signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 187 2: Yes release 2: Yes element is not activated during this time. When disabled, the operating time time counter is reset directly after the pick-up element reset. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 188 NOV3 Start ON 6081 NOV3 Start OFF 6082 NOV3 Trip ON 6083 NOV3 Trip OFF 6084 NOV3 Block ON 6085 NOV3 Block OFF 6144 NOV4 Start ON 6145 NOV4 Start OFF 6146 NOV4 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 189: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    Positive sequence voltage calculation Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to positive sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of positive sequence calculation (positive sequence component vector). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 190 Figure. 5.3.13 - 136. Close-distance short-circuit between phases 1 and 3. Negative sequence voltage calculation Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation (negative sequence component vector). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 191 • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 192 Table. 5.3.13 - 122. Measurement inputs of the U1/U2>/< function. Signal Description Time base RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 193 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 194 The blocking signal can also be tested in the commissioning phase by a software switch signal when the relay's testing mode "Enable stage forcing" is activated ( General → Device ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 195 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. The setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected delay type. IDMT 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 196 VUB1 Block ON 8325 VUB1 Block OFF 8384 VUB2 Start ON 8385 VUB2 Start OFF 8386 VUB2 Trip ON 8387 VUB2 Trip OFF 8388 VUB2 Block ON 8389 VUB2 Block OFF 8448 VUB3 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 197: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    ). The outputs of the function are the START, TRIP and BLOCKED signals. The frequency protection function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 198 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the frequency function. Figure. 5.3.14 - 142. Simplified function block diagram of the f> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 199 0: No 0: No f< used in setting group group. 1: Yes f<< used in setting group f<<< used in setting group f<<<< used in setting group fset> fset>> Pick-up setting 10.00…80.00Hz 0.01Hz 51Hz fset>>> fset>>>> © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 200 The blocking of the function causes an HMI display event and a time-stamped blocking event with information of the startup frequency values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 201 6356 FRQV1 f<< Start ON 6357 FRQV1 f<< Start OFF 6358 FRQV1 f<< Trip ON 6359 FRQV1 f<< Trip OFF 6360 FRQV1 f<<< Start ON 6361 FRQV1 f<<< Start OFF 6362 FRQV1 f<<< Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 202: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    (i.e. becomes an islanded network). A generator that is not disconnected from the network can cause safety hazards. A generator can also be automatically reconnected to the network, which can cause damage to the generator and the network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 203 • threshold comparator • two block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 204 The f>/< limit value is used to block the funtion from operating near the nominal frequency. Table. 5.3.15 - 136. Pick-up settings. Name Description Range Step Default Max allowed df/ 0.10Hz/ If df/dt rate exceeds this setting, the function is blocked. 0.10...50.00Hz/s 20Hz/s dt rate © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 205 Displays the expected operating time when a fault occurs. operating time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time Time remaining -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping to trip occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 206 DFT1 df/dt>/< (3) Trip OFF 6604 DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Start ON 6605 DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Start OFF 6606 DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Trip ON 6607 DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Trip OFF 6608 DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 207 Fault f Fault Date and time f Pre-trig (Hz) Used SG code trig (Hz/s) (Hz/s) (Hz) dd.mm.yyyy 6592-6639 Start/Trip –20ms Start/Trip –20ms Fault Setting groups Fault df/dt>/< hh:mm:ss.mss Descr. df/dt>/< frequency frequency 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 208: Overpower Protection (P>; 32O)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the overpower function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 209 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 210 START, TRIP and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The function offers one (1) independent stage. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 211: Underpower Protection (P<; 32U)

    The outputs of the function are the START, TRIP and BLOCKED signals. The underpower function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. The operational logic consists of the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 212 Measured side determines which current measurement is used for the power measurement. Table. 5.3.17 - 145. Measurement inputs of the P< function. Signal Description Time base 3PH Active power (P) Total three-phase active power © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 213 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before tripping trip occurs. P meas/P set at the The ratio between the measured power and the pick-up value. 1250.00P 0.01P moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 214 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 215: Reverse Power Protection (Pr; 32R)

    • two block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed power magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 216 Pick-up setting 0.0…100 000kW 0.01kW 100kW The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 217 ON, OFF, or both. The function offers one (1) independent stage. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 218: Line Thermal Overload Protection (Tf>; 49F)

    = Current for the 100 % thermal capacity to be used (the pick-up current in p.u., t achieved in τ x 5) • k = Loading factor (service factor), the maximum allowed load current in p.u., dependent on the protected object or the cable/line installation © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 219 100 % indefinitely but never exceeds it. With a single time constant model the cooling of the object follows this same behavior, the reverse of the heating when the current feeding is zero. Figure. 5.3.19 - 153. Example of thermal image calculation with nominal conditions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 220 = Ambient temperature correction factor for the minimum temperature • t = Ambient temperature reference (can be set in ̊ C or in ̊ F , the temperature in which the manufacturer's temperature presumptions apply, the temperature correction factor is 1.0) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 221 Figure. 5.3.19 - 155. Example of the relationship between ground temperature and correction factor. The temperature coefficient may be informed in a similar manner to the figure above in a datasheet provided by the manufacturer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 222 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 5.3.19 - 156. Settings of the function's ambient temperature coefficient curve. The temperature and correction factor pairs are set to the function's settable curve. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 223 For example, cable data may be presented as in the figures below (an example from a Prysmian Group cable datasheet) which show the cable's temperature characteristics and voltage ratings (1st image) with different installations and copper or aluminum conductors (2nd and 3rd image). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 224 The following figure is an example of these general presumption as presented in a Prysmian Group cable datasheet. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 225 If the installation conditions vary from the presumed conditions manufacturers may give additional information on how to correct the the current-carrying capacity to match the changed conditions. Below is an example of the correction factors provided a manufacturer (Prysmian) for correcting the current-carrying capacity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 226 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 5.3.19 - 160. Example of correction factors for the current-carrying capacity as given by a manufacturer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 227 The rest of the settings are in the initial data text above: • I = 680 A • T = 90 ̊ C • T = 15 ̊ C • T = 15 ̊ C • k = 1.0. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 228 τ. This uses approximately 71 % of the thermal capacity. According to the datasheet, this current should set the temperature around 65 ̊ C ; therefore, the model overprotects by three degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 229 90 ̊ C . The reference temperature for ground installation is 15 ̊ C . The cable's thermal time constant is 183.8 min. From this initial data one can calculate the k correction factor according to the following formula (k factor related information in italics): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 230 If the k had not been set, the thermal image would show a temperature of appr. 68 ̊ C instead of the real temperature of 96 ̊ C . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 231 = calculated effective nominal current • k = the service factor • k = the ambient temperature factor • I = the nominal current of the protected device Calcula Calculat t ed end hea ed end heating: ting: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 232 The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • thermal replica • block signal check • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 233 Activated Temp C 0: C The selection of whether the temperature values of the thermal image and RTD 0: C or F deg 1: F compensation are shown in Celsius or in Fahrenheit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 234 Linear 1: Set curve user-settable curve. The default setting is "0: Linear est." which means curve est. the internally calculated correction for ambient temperature. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 235 Alarm 1 0.0…150.0% 0.1% ALARM 1 activation threshold. level Enable 0: Disabled TF> Disabled Enabling/disabling the ALARM 2 signal and the I/O. 1: Enabled Alarm 2 TF> Alarm 2 0.0…150.0% 0.1% ALARM 2 activation threshold. level © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 236 1: Alarm 1 2: Alarm 2 TF> The function's operating condition at the moment considering binary IO signal status. No outputs Condition are controlled when the status is "Normal". 3: Inhibit 4: Trip ON 5: Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 237 - TF> Temp. rise atm: the calculated temperature rise at a given moment 1: Temp. estimates - TF> Hot spot estimate: the estimated hot spot temperature including the ambient temperature - TF> Hot spot max. all.: the maximum allowed temperature for the object © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 238 ON event process data for TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 5.3.19 - 164. Register content. Name Description Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 239: Voltage Memory

    1. All used line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltages need to be below the set value for the "VMEM activation voltage" parameter. 2. At least one phase current must be above the set value for the "Measured current condition 3I>" parameter. This setting limit is optional. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 240 Figure. 5.3.20 - 167. Voltage angle drift. The blocking signal for voltage memory can be found among other stage-related settings in the tab VT Module (3U/4U) 1 . The blocking signal is checked in the beginning of each program cycle. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 241 When the "Forced CT f tracking" parameter is activated and voltages are gone, the frequency from the selected current-based reference channel 3 (the current from IL3) is used for current sampling. This eliminates any possible measurement errors in the fixed frequency mode. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 242: Control Functions

    The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the setting group selection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 243 If setting groups are controlled by pulses, the setting group activated by pulse will stay active until another setting groups receives and activation signal. Figure. 5.4.1 - 170. Example sequences of group changing (control with pulse only, or with both pulses and static signals). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 244 The selection of Setting group 1 ("SG1"). Has the highest priority input in setting group active 0: Not group control. Can be controlled with pulses or static signals. If static signal control is applied, active no other SG requests will be processed. Active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 245 Petersen coil is connected when the network is compensated, or whether it is open when the network is unearthed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 246 The status of the Petersen coil controls whether Setting group 1 is active. If the coil is disconnected, Setting group 2 is active. This way, if the wire is broken for some reason, the setting group is always controlled to SG2. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 247 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 5.4.1 - 172. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 248 The application-controlled setting group change can also be applied entirely from the relay's internal logics. For example, the setting group change can be based on the cold load pick-up function (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 249 Table. 5.4.1 - 169. Event codes. Event number Event channel Event block name Event code Description 4160 SG2 Enabled 4161 SG2 Disabled 4162 SG3 Enabled 4163 SG3 Disabled 4164 SG4 Enabled 4165 SG4 Disabled 4166 SG5 Enabled 4167 SG5 Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 250 Force Request Fail Force OFF 4200 SG Req. Fail Lower priority Request ON 4201 SG Req. Fail Lower priority Request OFF 4202 SG1 Active ON 4203 SG1 Active OFF 4204 SG2 Active ON 4205 SG2 Active OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 251: Object Control And Monitoring

    • digital input status indications (the OPEN and CLOSE status signals) • blockings (if applicable) • the OBJECT READY and SYNCHROCHECK monitor signals (if applicable). • Withdrawable cart IN and OUT status signals (if applicable). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 252 (in and out) are active. If the selected 2: WDCart In status object type is not set to "Withdrawable circuit breaker", this setting 3: WDBad displays the "No in use" option . 4: Not in use © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 253 The monitor and control configuration of the circuit breaker. Synchrochecking before closing breaker Interlocks Position indication Disconnector (MC) The position monitoring and control of the disconnector. Control Disconnector (GND) Position indication The position indication of the earth switch. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 254 Determines the maximum length for a Close pulse from the output relay to the 0.02…500.00 0.02 command 0.2 s controlled object. If the object operates faster than this set time, the control pulse pulse is reset and a status change is detected. length © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 255 Blocking and interlocking can be based on any of the following: other object statuses, a software function or a digital input. The image below presents an example of an interlock application, where the closed earthing switch interlocks the circuit breaker close command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 256 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 257 Object Intermediate 3009 OBJ2 Object Open 3010 OBJ2 Object Close 3011 OBJ2 Object Bad 3012 OBJ2 WD Intermediate 3013 OBJ2 WD Out 3014 OBJ2 WD In 3015 OBJ2 WD Bad 3016 OBJ2 Open Request ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 258 3084 OBJ3 Close Request ON 3085 OBJ3 Close Request OFF 3086 OBJ3 Close Command ON 3087 OBJ3 Close Command OFF 3088 OBJ3 Open Blocked ON 3089 OBJ3 Open Blocked OFF 3090 OBJ3 Close Blocked ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 259 Object Not Ready 3158 OBJ4 Sync Ok 3159 OBJ4 Sync Not Ok 3160 OBJ4 Open Command Fail 3161 OBJ4 Close Command Fail 3162 OBJ4 Final trip ON 3163 OBJ4 Final trip OFF 3200 OBJ5 Object Intermediate © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 260 Time difference between the object receiving a "Close" command and object receiving the time "Closed" status. Object status The status of the object. WD status The status of the withdrawable circuit breaker. Open fail The cause of an "Open" command's failure. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 261: Indicator Object Monitoring

    A link to a physical digital input. The monitored indicator's OPEN status. "1" refers to logical signal selected ("Ind.X by the user the active "Open" state of the monitored indicator. If IEC 61850 is enabled, GOOSE Open signals can be used for status indication. Status (SWx) In") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 262: Auto-Recloser (79)

    80...95 % of all faults found in transmission and distribution networks. The majority of these fault types can be cleared with high-speed auto-reclosing, while the rest can be cleared with delayed auto- reclosing by de-energizing the faulty line for a longer period of time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 263 The auto-recloser function has five (5) independent priority requests for reclosing: REQ1 has the highest priority and REQ5 the lowest. The function also has one (1) critical request which halts the reclosing in any position when the request is received. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 264 Short-circuit protection is used for interlocking the auto-recloser in case a clear short-circuit fault occurs in the line. Figure. 5.4.4 - 178. Example of assigning request signals. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 265 In failure acknowledgement situations the auto-recloser function is always put to a lock-out state with a requirement for resetting once the cause of the lock-out is cleared. Resetting is done by an external input to the function or by closing the breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 266 3. The circuit breaker is opened and the I0Dir> TRIP signal is released and simultaneously the REQ2 trip signal for the auto-recloser is released. The recloser starts calculating the S S ho hot1 t1 Dead T Dead Time ime to close the breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 267 Figure. 5.4.4 - 182. Settings for I0dir> with two shots. This type of sequence (i.e. two shots required to clear the fault) represents 10...15 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 268 9. The circuit breaker is closed and since the fault has been cleared, no pick-ups are detected. The "Close" command is dropped after the breaker's "Closed" indication is received and the auto-recloser function starts calculating S S ho hot2 t2 R R eclaim T eclaim Time ime. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 269 This type of sequence (i.e. the first shot clears the fault) represents 75...85 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. Figure. 5.4.4 - 185. Signal status graph of the transient earth fault auto-recloser cycle. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 270 The protection's main operating time settings should be longer than the values set to the auto-recloser function; this way the state changes work properly with this function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 271 AR Running, S S ho hot2 Running t2 Running and AR1 AR1 R R equest equested ed signals. The function enters the AR L AR Lock-out ock-out state to prevent any further requests for reclosing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 272 S S ho hot1 Star t1 Start T t Time ime. This activates the S S ho hot 1 Running t 1 Running signal eventhough the auto-recloser function is not yet running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 273 However, in this example the fault is cleared by the high-speed shot. Figure. 5.4.4 - 190. Settings for I> with two shots. This type of sequence (i.e. the first shot clears the fault) represents 75...85 % of all faults that occur in MV overhead line networks. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 274 The user can also set is so that AR Reclaim is not used at all after a successful recloser cycle. 7. The AR R AR Reclaim eclaim time is exceeded and the function is set to "Ready" to wait for the next request. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 275 This means that the time set to the "ARx Shot action time" parameter is a cumulative counter of time allowed before deciding whether a shot is failed or successful. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 276 The behavior of the function can be changed even during sequences that are based on programmed reclosing schemes and on active requests. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the auto-recloser function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 277 AR On/ Enables or disables the auto-recloser function with any binary signal selected by the user. The signal in the parameter "Use AR On/Off signals" defines whether this input signal is in use or not. device © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 278 AR4 Request The signal "AR4 Request ON" is activated and displayed when the function is executing a shot requested by REQ4. This signal can be connected to any relay I/O as well as to communication protocols. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 279 Table. 5.4.4 - 183. AR Status and basic settings. Setting Range Step Default Description 0: Disabled Enables and disables the auto-recloser function in the configuration. Mode 1: Enabled Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 280 When the function is counting down towards any action, this parameter Timer 0...1800.00s 0.005s 0s displays how much time is left until the action is executed. The "Timer active" value setting displays what is the action when this timer reaches zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 281 0.000 s, the auto-recloser is delay prevented from starting. Whenever the shot is not the first one, this setting should be set to 0.000 s. This selection can be changed via the setting group selection in real time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 282 After the dead time has elapsed and the breaker is closed ARx Shot by the auto-recloser, the reclaim time starts calculating. If 0.000…1800.000s 0.0005s 0.000s 0.000s reclaim time the process is interrupted by a new reclosing request, the function continues to the next shot. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 283 The auto-recloser function's shot settings are grouped into corresponding rows to make the setting of each shot straightforward. From the settings the user can see how the reclosing cycle is executed by each request, which functions initiate requests, and which shots and requests are in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 284 The user can enable timers to be displayed in the MIMIC view. Enable the AR timer value at Tools → Events and logs → Set alarm events (see the image below). The timer displays the reclaim time and the dead time delay. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 285 Inhibit condition ON 4047 Inhibit condition OFF 4048 Locking condition ON 4049 Locking condition OFF 4050 Reserved 4051 AR1 Request ON 4052 AR1 Request OFF 4053 AR2 Request ON 4054 AR2 Request OFF 4055 AR3 Request ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 286 4086 Arc Discr time OFF 4087 Shot reclaim time ON 4088 Shot reclaim time OFF 4089 Sequence finished OFF 4090 Final trip executed OFF 4091 Object "Close" request OFF 4092 AR ON 4093 AR OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 287 AR1 Shot start time ON dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 4045 AR1 Object "Open" request dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 2944 OBJ1 Object Intermediate dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 2952 OBJ1 Open request ON dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 2955 OBJ1 Open command ON dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss 4063 AR1 AR Running ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 288 The auto-recloser function keeps statistical track of the operated auto-reclosing cycles as well as of successful and failed shots. The function records the following counters: • Shot 1…5 started • Shot 1…5 requested by AR1…5 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 289: Cold Load Pick-Up (Clpu)

    (2) output signals. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CLPU ACT and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the cold load pick-up function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 290 The pick-up setting for overcurrent detection. If this setting is exceeded by 0.01…40.00×In 0.01×In 2.00×In any of the measured currents, the cold load pick-up signal is released over immediately. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 291 The behavior of the function's operating timers can be set for activation as well as for the situation monitoring and release of the cold load pick-up. The table below presents the setting parameters for the function's time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 292 . This is high when the start-up condition is considered to be over. The cold load pick-up signal can be prolonged beyond this time by setting the T to a value higher than 0.000 s. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 293 If the user wants the function to activate within a shorter period of time, the T parameter can be se to a lower value. If the user wants no delay, the T can be zero seconds and the operation will be immediate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 294 I setting, a high counter starts counting towards the T time. The measured current exceeds the I setting during over the start-up situation and causes the cold load pick-up signal to be released immediately. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 295 When the current exceeds the I setting, a timer high starts counting towards the T time. The measured current stays above the I setting until the high is reached, which causes the release of the cold load pick-up signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 296 The current stays between the I setting and the I high setting, so the cold load pick-up signal is active for T time. As no inrush current is detected during that time, the signal is released. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 297 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 5.4.5 - 192. Event codes. Event number Event channel Event block name Event code Description 2688 CLP1 LowStart ON 2689 CLP1 LowStart OFF 2690 CLP1 HighStart ON 2691 CLP1 HighStart OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 298: Switch-On-To-Fault (Sotf)

    The outputs of the function are BLOCKED, ACTIVE and TRIP signals. Additionally, the function outputs the corresponding events and registers when any of these mentioned signals activate. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the switch-on-to-fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 299 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 300 Date and time Event code SOTF remaining time SOTF been active time dd.mm.yyyy 3904...3911 Setting group 1...8 The time remaining of the set The time the function has hh:mm:ss.mss Descr. active release time. been active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 301: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    The seven images below present three different example connections and four example applications of the synchrocheck function. Figure. 5.4.7 - 203. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (3LN+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL1 as reference voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 302 Figure. 5.4.7 - 204. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U0+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). Figure. 5.4.7 - 205. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U3+U4 mode, SYN3 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 303 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 5.4.7 - 206. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 3LL and 3LN VT connections). Figure. 5.4.7 - 207. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 304 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 5.4.7 - 208. Example application (synchrocheck over two breakers, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 305 "live" or a "dead" state. The parameter SYNx U conditions is used to determine the conditions (in addition to the three aspects) which are required for the systems to be considered synchronized. The image below shows the different states the systems can be in. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 306 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 5.4.7 - 210. System states. The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the synchrocheck function. Figure. 5.4.7 - 211. Simplified function block diagram of the SYN1 and SYN2 function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 307 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 308 Setting parameters NOTE! TE! Before these settings can be accessed, a voltage channel (U3 or U4) must be set into the synchrocheck mode ("SS") in the voltage transformer settings ( Measurements → VT Module ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 309 Enables and disables the SYN3 stage. Operable in SYN3 V 0: Not in use 0: Not the 2LL+U3+U4 mode, with references UL12, UL23 and UL31 Reference 1: U3–U4 in use can be connected to the channels.. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 310 SYN1 Angle diff Ok 2891 SYN1 SYN1 Angle diff out of setting 2892 SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff Ok 2893 SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff out of setting 2894 SYN1 SYN2 Blocked ON 2895 SYN1 SYN2 Blocked OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 311 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. Table. 5.4.7 - 204. Register content. Name Range Date and time dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event code 2880...2927 Descr. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 312: Programmable Control Switch

    The programmable control switch function (abbreviated "PCS" in event block names) generates events from status changes. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The function offers five (5) independent switches. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 313: Analog Input Scaling Curves

    39: RTD S16 Resistance 40: mA In 1 (I card 1) 41: mA In 2 (I card 2) Curve 1...4 input 0: No 0: No Enables calculation of the average of received signal. signal filtering 1: Yes © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 314 The "Out of range" signal is very useful when e.g. a 4…20 mA input signal is used (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 315: Logical Outputs

    The figure below presents a logic output example where a signal from the circuit breaker failure protection function controls the digital output relay number 5 ("OUT5") when the circuit breaker's cart status is "In". The image above is from the logic editor and the image below from AQtivate 200. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 316: Logical Inputs

    Figure. 5.4.11 - 214. Operation of logical input in "Hold" and "Pulse" modes. A logical input pulse can also be extended by connecting a DELAY-low gate to a logical output, as has been done in the example figure below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 317: Monitoring Functions

    CTs as well as the wirings between the device and the CT inputs for malfunctions and wire breaks. An open CT circuit can generate dangerously high voltages into the CT secondary side, and cause unintended activations of current balance monitoring functions. Figure. 5.5.1 - 216. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 318 (2) output signal. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CTS ALARM and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the current transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 319 Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 320 Determines the pick-up threshold for phase current measurement. This setting limit defines the lower limit for the phase current's pick-up 0.01…40.00×I 0.01×I 0.10×I element. limit This condition has to be met for the function to activate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 321 "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". Typical cases of current transformer supervision The following nine examples present some typical cases of the current transformer supervision and their setting effects. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 322 Figure. 5.5.1 - 219. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. When a fault is detected and all conditions are met, the CTS timer starts counting. If the situation continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 323 If any of the phases exceed the I high limit setting, the operation of the function is not activated. This behavior is applied to short-circuits and earth faults even when the fault current exceeds the I high limit setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 324 Figure. 5.5.1 - 223. Normal situation, residual current also measured. When the residual condition is added with the "I0 input selection", the sum of the current and the residual current are compared against each other to verify the wiring condition. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 325 Figure. 5.5.1 - 225. Broken primary phase current wiring. In this example, all other condition are met except the residual difference. That is now 0 × I , which indicates a primary side fault. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 326 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers; this information is available for all provided instances separately. The register of the function records the ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 327: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    This signal is mostly used as an alarming function or to disable functions that require adequate voltage measurement. Figure. 5.5.2 - 227. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the voltage transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 328 RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U Positive sequence voltage Negative sequence voltage Zero sequence voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage Angle of U voltage © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 329 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 330 ALARM ACTIVATED and BLOCKED signals. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 331: Circuit Breaker Wear

    However, the circuit breaker wear function is an independent function and it initializes as an independent instance which has its own events and settings not related to the object it is linked to. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 332 The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the circuit breaker wear function. Figure. 5.5.3 - 230. Simplified function block diagram of the circuit breaker wear function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 333 Enable and disable the Alarm 2 stage. Disabled Enabled Alarm 0…200 Defines the pick-up threshold for remaining operations. When the number of remaining 2 Set operations is below this setting, the ALARM 2 signal is activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 334 Now, we set the stage as follows: Parameter Setting Current 1 0.80 kA Operation 1 30 000 operations Current 2 16.00 kA Operations 2 100 operations Enable Alarm 1 1: Enabled Alarm 1 Set 1000 operations Enable Alarm 2 1: Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 335: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    The function generates general time-stamped ON/OFF events to the common event buffer from each of the two (2) output signals. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the fault locator triggering events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 336 IL2, IL3 XL23 XL23 IL1, IL3 XL31 XL31 No trigger No trigger No trigger If no current measurement requirements are fulfilled when the function receives a triggering signal, the function will not record impedance at all. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 337: Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    The total harmonic distortion (THD) function is used for monitoring the content of the current harmonic. The THD is a measurement of the harmonic distortion present, and it is defined as the ratio between the sum of all harmonic components' powers and the power of the fundamental frequency (RMS). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 338 (7) output signals. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM ACT and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the total harmonic distortion monitor function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 339 Table. 5.5.5 - 230. General settings. Name Range Step Default Description Measurement Defines which available measured magnitude the function Amplitude magnitude Amplitude uses. 2: Power © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 340 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 341 THD1 THD Start I01 OFF 3524 THD1 THD Start I02 ON 3525 THD1 THD Start I02 OFF 3526 THD1 THD Alarm Phase ON 3527 THD1 THD Alarm Phase OFF 3528 THD1 THD Alarm I01 ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 342: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    Phase current I I01c Residual current I coarse* Residual current I fine* I01f I02c Residual current I coarse* Residual current I fine* I02f Phase current I (CT card 2) IL1” IL2” Phase current I (CT card 2) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 343 Table. 5.5.6 - 237. Residual current channel performance with coarse or residual gain. Channel Coarse gain range Fine gain range Fine gain peak 0...150 A 0...10 A 15 A 0...75 A 0...5 A © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 344 Pos./Neg./Zero Magnitude of the system voltage U0 in negative/zero sequence System volt U0 mag(%) seq.Volt.sec percentages voltage Ux Angle Ux angle (U1, U2, U3, U4) System volt U0 ang Angle of the system voltage U0 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 345 50 Hz, this will show "50 nominal) Hz". Neutral Primary neutral f atm. Display (when not Frequency at the moment. If the frequency conductance G conductance measurable is 0 Hz) is not measurable, this will show "0 Hz". (Pri) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 346 Digital channels are measured every 5 ms. Recording settings and triggering Disturbance recorder can be triggered manually or automatically by using the dedicated triggers. Every signal listed in "Digital recording channels" can be selected to trigger the recorder. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 347 Selects the trigger input(s). Clicking the "Edit" button brings up a pop-up window, and checking the boxes trigger enable the selected triggers. Table. 5.5.6 - 242. Recorder settings. Name Range Step Default Description Recording length 0.100...1800.000s 0.01s 1s Sets the length of a recording. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 348 4 bytes (=the size of one sample); e.g. 64 306 588 bytes/4 bytes = 16 076 647 samples. • f = the nominal frequency (Hz). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 349 The recorder is configured by using the setting tool software or relay HMI, and the results are analyzed with the AQviewer software (is automatically downloaded and installed with AQtivate). Registered users can download the latest tools from the Arcteq website (arcteq.fi./downloads/).
  • Page 350 ) . Alternatively, the user can load the recordings individually ( Disturbance recorder → DR List ) from a folder in the PC's hard disk drive; the exact location of the folder is described in Tools → Settings → DR path . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 351 In the example the line-to-neutral voltages UL1, UL2 and UL3 are selected and moved to the window on the right. Confirm the selection by clicking the "OK" button. Figure. 5.5.6 - 235. Adding another plotter General use and zooming General use and zooming © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 352 Recorder memory cleared 4099 Oldest record cleared 4100 Recorder memory full ON 4101 Recorder memory full OFF 4102 Recording ON 4103 Recording OFF 4104 Storing recording ON 4105 Storing recording OFF 4106 Newest record cleared © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 353: Measurement Recorder

    The setting tool estimates the maximum recording time, which depends on the recording interval. When the measurement recorder is running, the measurements can be viewed in graph form with the AQtivate PRO software (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 354 U4Volt Pri L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL3 U1Volt Pri TRMS L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.kvarh Sec.Res.Curr.I01 U2Volt Pri TRMS L2 Imp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh Sec.Res.Curr.I02 U3Volt Pri TRMS L2 Imp.React.Ind.E.kvarh Sec.Calc.I0 U4Volt Pri TRMS L2 Exp/Imp React.Ind.E.bal.Mvarh Pha.Curr.IL1 TRMS Sec Pos.Seq.Volt.Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Ind.E.bal.kvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 355 Pha.angle IL1 System Volt UL31 mag (kV) Other mea Other measur surements ements Pha.angle IL2 System Volt UL1 mag TM> Trip expect mode Pha.angle IL3 System Volt UL1 mag (kV) TM> Time to 100% T © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 356 L2 Tan(phi) L1 Diff current Pha.Curr.I”L2 L2 Cos(phi) L1 Char current Pha.Curr.I”L3 L3 Apparent Power (S) L2 Bias current Res.Curr.I”01 L3 Active Power (P) L2 Diff current Res.Curr.I”02 L3 Reactive Power (Q) L2 Char current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 357: Measurement Value Recorder

    Measured input The function block uses analog current and voltage measurement values. Based on these values, the relay calculates the primary and secondary values of currents, voltages, powers, and impedances as well as other values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 358 XL12, XL23, XL31, RL1, RL2, RL3 The phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral resistances, reactances and impedances. XL1, XL2, XL3 Z12, Z23, Z31 ZL1, ZL2, ZL3 Z12Ang, Z23Ang, Z31Ang, The phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral impedance angles. ZL1Ang, ZL2Ang, ZL3Ang © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 359 Reported values When triggered, the function holds the recorded values of up to eight channels, as set. In addition to this tripped stage, the overcurrent fault type and the voltage fault types are reported to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 360 45: U0> Trip 46: U0>> Trip 47: U0>>> Trip 48: U0>>>> Trip 0: - 1: A-G 2: B-G 3: A-B Overcurrent fault type The overcurrent fault type. 4: C-G 5: A-C 6: B-C 7: A-B-C © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 361 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. Table. 5.5.8 - 246. Event codes. Event number Event channel Event block name Event code Description 9984 VREC1 Recorder triggered ON 9985 VREC1 Recorder triggered OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 362: Sy Y St Stem Int 6 S Em Integra Egration Tion

    A unique IP address must be reserved for the NTP client. The relay's IP address cannot be used. Additionally, the time zone of the relay can be set by connecting to the relay and the selecting the time zone at Commands → Set time zone (AQtivate). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 363: Modbus/Tcp And Modbus/Rtu

    Description Current measurement update 500…10 Defines the measurement update interval of all current- interval 000ms 000ms related measurements. Voltage measurement update 500…10 Defines the measurement update interval of all voltage- interval 000ms 000ms related measurements. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 364: Modbus I/O

    (slave) station. The IEC 103 protocol can be selected for the serial ports that are available in the device. A primary (master) station can then communicate with the Arcteq device and receive information by polling from the slave device. The transfer of disturbance recordings is not supported.

  • Page 365: Dnp3

    1: Var 2 Selects the variation of the binary signal change. 1: Var 2 0: Var 1 Group 3 variation (DBI) 0: Var 1 Selects the variation of the double point signal. 1: Var 2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 366 Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V voltage deadband measurement. Angle Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.1…5.0deg 0.1deg 1deg measurement deadband measurement. Integration time 0…10 000ms Displays the integration time of the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 367: Iec 101/104

    The measurement scaling coefficients are available for the following measurements, in addition to the general measurement scaling coefficient: • Active energy • Reactive energy • Active power • Reactive power • Apparent power • Power factor • Frequency © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 368 Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.01…5000.00V 0.01V 200V voltage deadband measurement. Angle Determines the data reporting deadband settings for this 0.1…5.0deg 0.1deg 1deg measurement deadband measurement. Integration time 0…10 000ms Displays the integration time of the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 369: Spa

    With the Real-time signals to communication menu the user can report to SCADA measurements that are not normally available in the communication protocols mapping. Up to eight (8) magnitudes can be selected. The recorded value can be either a per-unit value or a primary value (set by the user). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 370 Cos (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. cosfiL2 cosfiL3 Impedances and admittances RL12, RL23, RL31 XL12, XL23, XL31 RL1, RL2, RL3 XL1, XL2, XL3 Phase-to-phase and phase-to-neutral resistances, reactances and impedances. Z12, Z23, Z31 ZL1, ZL2, ZL3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 371 Displays the measured value of the selected magnitude of the selected slot. -10 000 000.000…10 000 Magnitude X 0.001 - 000.000 The unit depends on the selected magnitude (either amperes, volts, or per-unit values). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 372: Connections And Applica A Tion Examples

    A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 7 Connections and application examples 7.1 Connections of AQ-F205 Figure. 7.1 - 237. AQ-F205 connections. AQ-F205 has fixed hardware with digital input and output cards always included. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 373: Application Example And Its Connections

    A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 7.1 - 238. AQ-F205 application example with function block diagram. AQ-F205 Device I/O 3 (IL) 4 voltage 10+1 2 (I0) channels Protection functions I2> I> I0> TF> CBFP 50N/...

  • Page 374: Two-Phase, Three-Wire Aron Input Connection

    This chapter presents the two-phase, three-wire ARON input connection for any AQ-200 series IED with a current transformer. The example is for applications with protection CTs for just two phases. The connection is suitable for both motor and feeder applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 375: Trip Circuit Supervision (95)

    (52b) even after the circuit breaker is opened. This requires a resistor which reduces the current: this way the coil is not energized and the relay output does not need to cut off the coil's inductive current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 376 Non-latched outputs are seen as hollow circles in the output matrix, whereas latched contacts are painted. See the image below of an output matrix where a non-latched trip contact is used to open the circuit breaker. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 377 There is one main difference between non-latched and latched control in trip circuit supervision: when using the latched control, the trip circuit (in an open state) cannot be monitored as the digital input is shorted by the IED's trip output. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 378 Logical output can be used in the output matrix or in SCADA as the user wants. The image below presents a block scheme when a non-latched trip output is not used. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 379 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 7.4 - 245. Example block scheme. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 380: Construction And Installa

    8 Construction and installation 8.1 Construction Even though AQ-F205 is a member of the modular and scalable AQ-200 series, it does not have optional modules. This means that the construction and content of the relay’s hardware are fixed. The relay includes the CPU module (which consists of the CPU, a number of inputs and outputs, and the power supply) as well as one current measurement module, one voltage measurement module, a digital input module (DI8), and digital output module (DO5).

  • Page 381: Cpu Module

    Power supply IN. Either 85…265 VAC/DC (model A; order code "H") or 18…75 DC (model B; order code X1-19:20 "L"). P P ositiv ositive side e side (+) t t o P o Pin 20. in 20. The relay's earthing connector. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 382 (T1…Tx), it takes an additional 5 ms round. Therefore, when a digital input controls a digital output internally, it takes 0…15 milliseconds in theory and 2…13 milliseconds in practice. NOTE! The mechanical delay of the relay is no not t included in these approximations! © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 383: Current Measurement Module

    64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Current measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 384: Voltage Measurement Module

    64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Voltage measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 385: Digital Input Module (Optional)

    For the naming convention of the digital inputs provided by this module please refer to the chapter titled "Construction and installation". For technical details please refer to the chapter titled "Digital input module" in the "Technical data" section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 386 (NC) defines whether or not the digital input is considered activated when the digital input channel is energized. The diagram below depicts the digital input states when the input channels are energized and de- energized. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 387: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    Figure. 8.6 - 252. Digital output module (DO5) with five add-on digital outputs. Connector Description X 1–2 OUTx + 1 (1 and 2 pole NO) X 3–4 OUTx + 2 (1 and 2 pole NO) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 388: Dimensions And Installation

    (¼) of the rack's width, meaning that a total of four devices can be installed to the same rack next to one another. The figures below describe the device dimensions (first figure), the device installation (second), and the panel cutout dimensions and device spacing (third). Figure. 8.7 - 253. Device dimensions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 389 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 8.7 - 254. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 390 A A Q Q -F205 -F205 Instruction manual Version: 2.04 Figure. 8.7 - 255. Panel cutout dimensions and device spacing. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 391: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    From 6…75 Hz fundamental, up to the 31 harmonic current Current measurement range 5 mA…150 A (RMS) 0.002…10.000 × I < ±0.5 % or < ±3 mA Current measurement inaccuracy 10…150 × I < ±0.5 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 392: Voltage Measurement

    4 independent VT inputs (U1, U2, U3 and U4) Measurement Sample rate 64 samples per cycle in frequency range 6...75Hz Voltage measuring range 0.50…480.00 V (RMS) 1…2 V ±1.5 % Voltage measurement inaccuracy 2…10 V ±0.5 % 10…480 V ±0.35 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 393: Power And Energy Measurement

    6…75 Hz fundamental, up to the 31 harmonic current or voltage Inaccuracy 10 mHz 9.1.2 CPU & Power supply 9.1.2.1 Auxiliary voltage Table. 9.1.2.1 - 271. Power supply model A Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 85…265 V (AC/DC) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 394: Cpu Communication Ports

    Data transfer rate 100 MB System integration Cannot be used for system protocols, only for local programming Table. 9.1.2.2 - 274. Rear panel system communication port A. Port Port media Copper Ethernet RJ-45 Number of ports Features © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 395: Cpu Digital Inputs

    Settings Pick-up delay Software settable: 0…1800 s Polarity Software settable: Normally On/Normally Off Current drain 2 mA Terminal block connection Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire 2.5 mm Maximum wire diameter © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 396: Cpu Digital Outputs

    Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm 9.1.3 Option cards 9.1.3.1 Digital input module Table. 9.1.3.1 - 279. Technical data for the digital input module. Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 5…265 V (AC/DC) Current drain 2 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 397: Digital Output Module

    Table. 9.1.4 - 281. Technical data for the HMI LCD display. Dimensions and resolution Number of dots/resolution 320 x 160 Size 84.78 × 49.90 mm (3.34 × 1.96 in) Display Type of display Color Monochrome © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 398: Functions

    0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±50 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms Not t e! e! • The release delay does not apply to phase-specific tripping. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 399: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    • The operation and reset time accuracy does not apply when the measured secondary current in I02 is 1…20 mA. The pick-up is tuned to be more sensitive and the operation times vary because of this. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 400: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    Not t e! e! • The minimum voltage for direction solving is 1.0 V secondary. During three-phase short- circuits the angle memory is active for 0.5 seconds in case the voltage drops below 1.0 V. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 401: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    97 % of the pick-up current and voltage setting U0/I0 angle 2.0° Reset time setting 0.000…150.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±45 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 402: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Residual current channel I (Coarse) Residual current channel I (Fine) Pick-up Harmonic selection , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 or 19 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 403: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Current inputs Residual current channel I (Coarse) Residual current channel I (Fine) RMS phase currents Current input magnitudes RMS residual current (I or calculated I Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 404: Low-Impedance Or High-Impedance Restricted Earth Fault/ Cable End Differential Protection (I0D>; 87N)

    Operation time Instant operation time 1.05 x I <30 ms Reset Reset ratio No hysteresis Reset time <40 ms 9.2.1.9 Overvoltage protection (U>; 59) Table. 9.2.1.9 - 290. Technical data for the overvoltage function. Measurement inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 405: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    Pick-up terms 2 voltages 3 voltages Pick-up setting 0.00…120.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Inaccuracy: ±1.5 %U or ±30 mV - Voltage Low voltage block 0.00…80.00 %U , setting step 0.01 %U Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 406: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    ±1.5 %U0 or ±30 mV - Voltage U0Calc ±150 mV Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time (U0 ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±45 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 407: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Np)

    0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: - IDMT operating time ±1.5 % or ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time ±20 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): <65 ms ratio <0.95/1.05→ Reset © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 408: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    • The tracked frequency mode: When tracked mode is used, the system's nominal frequency can be anything between 7...75 Hz. 9.2.1.14 Rate-of-change of frequency protection (df/dt>/<; 81R) Table. 9.2.1.14 - 295. Technical data of the rate-of-change of frequency function. Input signals Fixed Sampling mode Tracking © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 409: Line Thermal Overload Protection (Tf>; 49F)

    0…150 %, step 1 % - Alarm 2 0…150 %, step 1 % - Thermal trip 0…150 %, step 1 % - Trip delay 0.000…3600.000 s, step 0.005 s - Restart inhibit 0…150 %, step 1 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 410: Overpower (P>; 32O), Underpower (P<; 32U) And Reverse Power (Pr; 32R) Protection

    1.00 kW are forced to zero ("P< blocked"). 9.2.1.17 Resistance temperature detectors Table. 9.2.1.17 - 298. Technical data of the resistance temperature detectors. Inputs Resistance input magnitudes Measured temperatures measured by RTD sensors Alarm channels 12 individual alarm channels © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 411: Voltage Memory

    (50Hz/20ms before “bolted” fault) 9.2.2 Control functions 9.2.2.1 Setting group selection Table. 9.2.2.1 - 300. Technical data for the setting group selection function. Settings and control modes Setting groups 8 independent, control-prioritized setting groups © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 412: Object Control And Monitoring

    0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy AR starting (from a protection stage's START signal) ±1.0 % or ±30 ms (AR delay) AR starting (from a protection stage's TRIP signal) Trip delay inaccuracy +25 ms (Protection + AR delay) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 413: Cold Load Pick-Up (Clpu)

    <40 ms (measured from the trip contact) SOTF release time Release time setting 0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time ±1.0 % or ±30 ms SOTF instant release time <40 ms (measured from the trip contact) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 414: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    Measurement inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I Residual current channel I (Coarse) (optional) Current inputs Residual current channel I (Fine) (optional) RMS phase currents Current input magnitudes RMS residual current (I ) (optional) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 415: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    <80 ms VTS MCB trip bus/line (external input) <50 ms Reset Reset ratio 97/103 % of the pick-up voltage setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±2.0 % or ±80 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 416: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    - Instant operating time, when I ratio > 3 Typically <20ms - Instant operating time, when I ratio 1.05 < Typically <25 ms < 3 Reset Reset time Typically <10 ms Reset ratio 97 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 417: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    The maximum number of recordings according to the chosen signals and operation time setting combined 9.3 Tests and environmental Electrical environment compatibility Table. 9.3 - 312. Disturbance tests. All tests CE-approved and tested according to EN 60255-26 Emissions © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 418 Operational: +25…+55 °C, 93…97 % (RH), 12+12h Dry heat Storage: +70 °C, 16 h EN 60255-1, IEC 60068-2-2 Operational: +55 °C, 16 h Cold test Storage: –40 °C, 16 h EN 60255-1, IEC 60068-2-1 Operational: –20 °C, 16 h © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...
  • Page 419 Height: 117 mm (4U) Dimensions Width: 127 mm (¼ rack) Depth: 174 mm (no cards & connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross) Height: 170 mm Dimensions Width: 242 mm Depth: 219 mm Weight 2 kg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 420: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    Arcteq Ltd. AQX070 Raising frame 40 mm Arcteq Ltd. AQX069 Combiflex frame Arcteq Ltd. AQX097 Wall mounting bracket Arcteq Ltd. AQ-01A Light point sensor unit (8,000 lux threshold) Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

  • Page 421: Contact And R Ence Informa Ormation Tion

    Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.fi Technical support: support.arcteq.fi +358 10 3221 388 (EET 9:00 – 17.00) E-mail (sales): sales@arcteq.fi © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00013...

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