Arcteq AQ-T257 Instruction Manual
  1. Manuals
  2. Brands
  3. Arcteq Manuals
  4. Protection Device
  5. AQ-T257
  6. Instruction manual

Arcteq AQ-T257 Instruction Manual

Transformer protection device
Hide thumbs Also See for AQ-T257:
1
Table Of Contents
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
Table of Contents

Advertisement

Quick Links

Download this manual
AQ-T257
Transformer protection device
Instruction manual

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading
Need help?

Need help?

Do you have a question about the AQ-T257 and is the answer not in the manual?

Questions and answers

Subscribe to Our Youtube Channel

Related Manuals for Arcteq AQ-T257

Summary of Contents for Arcteq AQ-T257

  • Page 1 AQ-T257 Transformer protection device Instruction manual...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    3.2 Configuring user levels and their passwords................. 15 4 Functions unctions ...................................................... 17 4.1 Functions included in AQ-T257.................... 17 4.2 Measurements........................19 4.2.1 Current measurement and scaling in differential applications ........19 4.2.2 Voltage measurement and scaling ................32 4.2.3 Voltage memory ......................
  • Page 3 6 Connections and applic 6 Connections and applica a tion examples tion examples..................................461 6.1 Connections of AQ-T257 ....................461 6.2 Application example and its connections................464 6.3 Trip circuit supervision (95) ....................464 7 Construction and installa 7 Construction and installation tion ....................
  • Page 4 8.2.2.6 Vector jump (Δφ; 78) .................. 528 8.2.2.7 Synchrocheck (ΔV/Δa/Δf; 25) ..............529 8.2.3 Monitoring functions ....................530 8.2.3.1 Current transformer supervision ..............530 8.2.3.2 Voltage transformer supervision (60) ............531 8.2.3.3 Circuit breaker wear monitoring ..............532 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 5 8.3 Tests and environmental ....................534 9 Or 9 Ordering inf dering informa ormation tion ..............................................537 10 Contact and r 10 Contact and re e f f er erence inf ence informa ormation tion....................................539 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 6 Nothing contained in this document shall increase the liability or extend the warranty obligations of the manufacturer Arcteq Relays Ltd. The manufacturer expressly disclaims any and all liability for any damages and/or losses caused due to a failure to comply with the instructions contained herein or caused by persons who do not fulfil the aforementioned requirements.

  • Page 7: Document Inf

    - Order codes revised. - Added double ST 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module and Double RJ45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet communication module descriptions Revision 2.02 Date 7.7.2020 Changes - A number of image descriptions improved. Revision 2.03 Date 27.8.2020 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 8 - Tech data updated: overfrequency, underfrequency and rate-of-change-of-frequency. - Improvements to many drawings and formula images. - AQ-T257 Functions included list Added: Volts-per-Hertz, voltage memory, indicator objects, switch-on-to-fault, vector jump protection and fault locator. - Added "32N" ANSI code to directional earth fault protection modes "unearthed" and "petersen coil grounded".
  • Page 9 - Added more descriptions to new IEC 61850 ed2 GOOSE parameters. - Added "Condition monitoring / CB wear" description to object description. - Added "User button" description. - Added logical device and logical node mode descriptions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 10: Version 1 Revision Notes

    Version: 2.09 Revision 2.09 Date 14.3.2023 - Updated the Arcteq logo on the cover page and refined the manual's visual look. - Added the "Safety information" chapter and changed the notes throughout the document accordingly. - Changed the "IED user interface" chapter's title to "Device user interface" and replaced all 'IED' terms with 'device' or 'unit'.

  • Page 11: Safety Information

    ASDU – Application service data unit AVR – Automatic voltage regulator BCD – Binary-coded decimal CB – Circuit breaker CBFP – Circuit breaker failure protection CLPU – Cold load pick-up CPU – Central processing unit © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 12 LED – Light emitting diode LV – Low voltage NC – Normally closed NO – Normally open NTP – Network Time Protocol RMS – Root mean square RSTP – Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol RTD – Resistance temperature detector © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 13 SG – Setting group SOTF – Switch-on-to-fault SW – Software THD – Total harmonic distortion TRMS – True root mean square VT – Voltage transformer VTM – Voltage transformer module VTS – Voltage transformer supervision © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 14: General

    Version: 2.09 2 General The AQ-T257 transformer protection device is a member of the AQ 250 product line. The hardware and software are modular: the hardware modules are assembled and configured according to the application's I/O requirements and the software determines the available functions. This manual describes the specific application of the AQ-T257 transformer protection device.

  • Page 15: Device User Int Vice User Interface Erface

    Home Home and the password activation buttons). 6. Twelve (12) freely configurable function buttons (F1…F12). Each button has a freely configurable LED (red, orange, green). 7. One (1) RJ-45 Ethernet port for device configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 16: Configuring User Levels And Their Passwords

    The different user levels and their star indicators are as follows (also, see the image below for the HMI view): • Super user (***) • Configurator (**) • Operator (*) • User ( - ) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 17 Unlocking and locking a user level generates a time-stamped event to the event log in all AQ 250 series devices. NOTICE! TICE! Any user level with a password automatically locks itself after half an hour (30 minutes) of inactivity. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 18: Functions Unctions

    4.1 Functions included in AQ-T257 Version: 2.09 4 Functions 4.1 Functions included in AQ-T257 The AQ-T257 transformer protection relay includes the following functions as well as the number of stages in those functions. Table. 4.1 - 3. Protection functions of AQ-T257. Name...
  • Page 19 PGS (1) PGx>/< Programmable stage 50Arc/ ARC (1) IArc>/I0Arc> Arc fault protection (optional) 50NArc Table. 4.1 - 4. Control functions of AQ-T257. Name ANSI Description Setting group selection Object control and monitoring (10 objects available) Indicator object monitoring (10 indicators available)

  • Page 20: Measurements

    4.2 Measurements Version: 2.09 Name ANSI Description Automatic voltage regulator (onl only y included in Function package B!) Table. 4.1 - 5. Monitoring functions of AQ-T257. Name ANSI Description CTS (2) Current transformer supervision Voltage transformer supervision Disturbance recorder 21FL...
  • Page 21 For the measurements to be correct the user needs to ensure that the measurement signals are connected to the correct inputs, that the current direction is connected correctly, and that the scaling is set correctly. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 22 CT ratings and the transformer nominal current. Note that S1 is always connected to an odd connector regardless of the CT direction. The CT direction is selected in the settings of the transformer differential protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 23 TrafoModule → Idx> [87T,87N] → Settings ). This way the direction of the measured currents are checked correctly from the device's perspective. The following table presents the initial data of the connection as well as the ratings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 24 As seen in the image above, device calculates both the HV side nominal current (669.2 A) and the LV side nominal current (5,888.97 A). The nominal current calculations are done according to the following formulas: The HV and LV side nominal current can also be calculated in per unit values as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 25 CT ratings and the transformer nominal current. Note that S1 is always connected to an odd connector regardless of the CT direction. The CT direction is selected in the settings of the transformer differential protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 26 [87T,87N] → Settings ). The difference with the first application is that here the CTs point towards the protected object instead of pointing through it. The following table presents the initial data of the connection as well as the ratings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 27 CTs are checked. In Application 2 it is necessary to inject higher amplitudes to the CTs via the secondary injection tool in order to reach the nominal currents. See the example calculation below: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 28 CT scaling factor P/S between the primary current and the secondary current. A feedback value; the calculated scaling factor that is the ratio CT scaling factor NOM between the set primary current and the set nominal current. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 29 The following measurements are available in the measured current channels. Table. 4.2.1 - 11. Per-unit phase current measurements. Name Unit Range Step Description Phase current 0.000…1 The RMS current measurement (in p.u.) from each of the × In 0.001 250.000 phase current channels. ("Pha.curr.ILx") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 30 The RMS current measurement (in p.u.) from the residual current I0x × In 0.001 250.000 current channel I01 or I02. ("Res.curr.I0x") 0.000…1 The RMS current measurement (in p.u.) from the calculated Calculated I0 × In 0.001 250.000 I0 current channel. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 31 Unit Range Step Description Residual current angle I0x The residual current angle measurement from the I01 or 0.000…360.000 0.001 ("Res.curr.angle I02 current input. I0x") Calculated I0 angle 0.000…360.000 0.001 The calculated residual current angle measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 32 Secondary negative sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.000…300.000 0.001 ("Sec.Negative negative sequence current. sequence curr.") Secondary zero sequence current The secondary measurement from the calculated 0.000…300.000 0.001 ("Sec.Zero sequence zero sequence current. curr.") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 33: Voltage Measurement And Scaling

    The measured values are processed into the measurement database and they are used by measurement and protection functions (the protection function availability depends of the device type). It is essential to understand the concept of voltage measurements to be able to get correct measurements. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 34 VT ratings. In the figure below, three line-to-neutral voltages are connected along with the zero sequence voltage; therefore, the 3LN+U4 mode must be selected and the U4 channel must be set as U0. Other possible connections are presented later in this chapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 35 ( Protection → Voltage → [protection stage menu] → INFO ; see the image below). The number of available protection functions depends on the device type. Figure. 4.2.2 - 11. Selecting the measured magnitude. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 36 • 2LL+U3+U4 (two line-to-line voltages and the U3 and the U4 channels can be used for synchrochecking, zero sequence voltage, or for both) The 3LN+U0 is the most common voltage measurement mode. See below for example connections of voltage line-to-line measurement (3LL on the left, 2LL on the right). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 37 In the image below is an example of 2LL+U0+SS, that is, two line-to-line measurements with the zero sequence voltage and voltage from side 2 for Synchrocheck. Since U0 is available, line-to-neutral voltages can be calculated. Figure. 4.2.2 - 14. 2LL+U0+SS settings and connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 38 The measured voltage amplitude does not match one of the measured phases./ Check the wiring connections between the injection device or the VTs and the device. The calculated U0 is measured even though it should not. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 39 "U4 mode U0 or SS" has been set to 2: Open the "U0" mode. delta Voltage 0: Disabled Activates the voltage memory. The "Voltage memory" memory 1: Activated Disabled chapter describes the function in more detail. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 40 VT scaling A feedback value; the scaling factor for the primary factor p.u. Pri voltage's per-unit value. VT scaling A feedback value; the scaling factor for the factor p.u. Sec secondary voltage's per-unit value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 41 The secondary RMS voltage measurement from each of the voltage Ux 0.00…500.00 0.01 voltage channels. ("Ux Volt sec") Secondary voltage Ux 0.00…500.00 0.01 The secondary TRMS voltage (inc. harmonics up to 31 TRMS measurement from each of the voltage channels. ("UxVolt TRMS sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 42 ("Pos.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary negative 0.00…4 The secondary measurement from the calculated sequence voltage 0.01 800.00 negative sequence voltage. ("Neg.seq.Volt.sec") Secondary zero sequence 0.00…4 The secondary measurement from the calculated zero voltage 0.01 800.00 sequence voltage. ("Zero.seq.Volt.sec") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 43 UL1 mag") System voltage magnitude 0.00…1 The primary RMS line-to-neutral UL2 voltage (measured or calculated). You 0.01 can also select the row where the unit for this is kV. ("System 000.00 volt UL2 mag") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 44 UL23 0.00…360.00 0.01 The primary line-to-line angle UL23 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL23 ang") System voltage angle UL31 0.00…360.00 0.01 The primary line-to-line angle UL23 (measured or calculated). ("System volt UL31 ang") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 45 Defines how the harmonics are displayed: in p.u. values, as 1: Primary V display primary voltage values, or as secondary voltage values. 2: Secondary V Maximum 0.00…100 Displays the maximum harmonics value of the selected harmonics value 0.01 000.00 voltage input Ux. ("UxMaxH") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 46: Voltage Memory

    2. At least one phase current must be above the set value for the "Measured current condition 3I>" parameter. This setting limit is optional. Figure. 4.2.3 - 17. Distance protection characteristics and directional overcurrent. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 47 Table. 4.2.3 - 36. Measurement inputs of the voltage memory function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 48 When the "Forced CT f tracking" parameter is activated and voltages are gone, the frequency from the selected current-based reference channel 3 (the current from IL3) is used for current sampling. This eliminates any possible measurement errors in the fixed frequency mode. Figure. 4.2.3 - 19. Frequency reference channels. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 49: Power And Energy Calculation

    The following equations apply for power calculations with the line-to-neutral mode and the line- to-line voltage mode (with U0 connected and measured): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 50 The direction of reactive power is divided into four quadrants. Reactive power may be inductive or capacitive on both forward and reverse directions. Reactive power quadrant can be indicated with Tan (φ) (tangent phi), which is calculated according the following formula: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 51 Table. 4.2.4 - 38. Power and energy measurement settings Name Range Step Default Description Power 0: CT1 Defines which current transformer module is measurement 0: CT1 1: CT2 used in power and energy calculation. currents from © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 52 Enables/disables the reactive energy per phase energy 1: Enabled Disabled measurement. measurement Phase Defines whether energy (per phase) is measured energies 0: Mega 0: Mega megas or 1: Kilo with the prefix 'kilo' (10 ) or 'mega' (10 kilos © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 53 DC 1…4 Pulse 0…1800s 0.005s The total length of a control pulse. length DC1…4 Indicates the total number of pulses Pulses 0…4 294 967 295 sent. sent © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 54 Lx Tan(phi) 0.01 The direction of Phase Lx's active power -1x10 …1x10 Lx Cos(phi) 0.01 The direction of Phase Lx's reactive power -1x10 …1x10 Lx Power factor 0.0001 The power factor of Phase Lx -1x10 …1x10 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 55 995 904.00 Table. 4.2.4 - 44. Single-phase energy calculations (L1...L3). Name Range Step Description Export Active Energy Lx (kWh or 0.01 The exported active energy of the phase. -1x10 …1x10 MWh) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 56 1000 : 5 A. Voltages (line-to-neutral): Currents: = 40.825 V, 45.00° = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 61.481 V, -159.90° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 97.742 V, 126.21° = 2.5 A, 120.00° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 57 L2 Cos 0.77 L3 Cos L3 Cos 0.99 3PH Cos H Cos 0.87 Voltages (line-to-line): Currents: = 100.00 V, 30.00° = 2.5 A, 0.00° = 100.00 V, -90.00° = 2.5 A, -120.00° = 2.5 A, 120.00° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 58: Frequency Tracking And Scaling

    FFT calculation always has a whole power cycle in the buffer. The measurement accuracy is further improved by Arcteq's patented calibration algorithms that calibrate the analog channels against eight (8) system frequency points for both magnitude and angle.
  • Page 59 The second reference source for frequency 2: CT2IL2 1: CT1IL2 reference 2 tracking. 3: VT1U2 4: VT2U2 0: None 1: CT1IL3 Frequency 2: CT2IL3 1: CT1IL3 The third reference source for frequency tracking. reference 3 3: VT1U3 4: VT2U3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 60 Alg f avg 0.000…75.000Hz 0.001Hz - tracked frequencies and U4 voltage channel samples. 0: One f measured System 1: Two f Displays the amount of frequencies that are measured measured measured. frequency 2: Three f measured © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 61: General Menu

    The order code identification of the unit. System phase rotating order at The selected system phase rotating order. Can be changed with parameter the moment "System phase rotating order". UTC time The UTC time value which the device's clock uses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 62 If set to 0 s, this feature is not in use. 0…3600s timeout When the device is in sleep mode pressing any of the buttons on the front panel of the device will wake the display. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 63 Signals set to this point can be used for resetting latched signals. An alternative to Reset latches using the "Back" button on the front panel of the device. Ph.Rotating Logic control Signals set to this point can be used for switching the expected phase rotating 0=A-B-C, 1=A-C-B order. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 64: Protection Functions

    The protection function is run in a completely digital environment with a protection CPU microprocessor which also processes the analog signals transformed into the digital form. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 65 Figure. 4.4.1 - 24. Pick up and reset. The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if a blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 66 (independent time characteristics). • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): activates the trip signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up value X and the measured value X (dependent time characteristics). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 67 Selects whether the delay curve series for an IDMT operation follows either IEC or IEEE/ANSI standard Delay curve 0: IEC defined characteristics. 0: IEC series 1: IEEE This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" parameter is set to "IDMT". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 68 "Param". Defines the Constant C for IEEE characteristics. This setting is active and visible when the "Delay type" 0.0000…250.0000 0.0001 0.0200 parameter is set to "IDMT" and the "Delay characteristic" parameter is set to "Param". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 69 = Operating delay (s) t = Operating delay (s) k = Time dial setting k = Time dial setting = Measured maximum current = Measured maximum current = Pick-up setting = Pick-up setting © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 70 1: Yes even if the pick-up element is reset. release time The behavior of the stages with different release time configurations are presented in the figures below. Figure. 4.4.1 - 28. No delayed pick-up release. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 71 4.4 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.1 - 29. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter is reset at signal drop-off. Figure. 4.4.1 - 30. Delayed pick-up release, delay counter value is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 72: Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection (I>; 50/51)

    The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 73 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional overcurrent function. Figure. 4.4.2 - 32. Simplified function block diagram of the I> function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 74 Set mode of NOC block. Blocked I> LN mode 3: Test 0: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN 4: Test/ mode is enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 75 Pick-up setting 0.10…50.00×I 0.01×I 1.20×I The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 76 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 77 "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". Figure. 4.4.2 - 33. Typical operation time delays with different current to setting ratios in instant operation mode. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 78 Phase B Trip OFF NOC1 Phase C Trip ON NOC1 Phase C Trip OFF NOC2 Start ON NOC2 Start OFF NOC2 Trip ON NOC2 Trip OFF NOC2 Block ON NOC2 Block OFF NOC2 Phase A Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 79 Phase A Trip ON NOC3 Phase A Trip OFF NOC3 Phase B Trip ON NOC3 Phase B Trip OFF NOC3 Phase C Trip ON NOC3 Phase C Trip OFF NOC4 Start ON NOC4 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 80: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    ), or peak-to-peak values. The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 81 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional earth fault function. Figure. 4.4.3 - 34. Simplified function block diagram of the I0> fucntion. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 82 General menu. Blocked 5: Off Normal I0> force 1: Start Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. status to 2: Trip Normal Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 83 This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN behaviour 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off 0: Normal I0> 1: Start Displays status of the protection function. condition 2: Trip 3: Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 84 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 85 Trip OFF NEF2 Block ON NEF2 Block OFF NEF3 Start ON NEF3 Start OFF NEF3 Trip ON NEF3 Trip OFF NEF3 Block ON NEF3 Block OFF NEF4 Start ON NEF4 Start OFF NEF4 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 86: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The basic design of the protection function is the three-pole operation. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 87 Table. 4.4.4 - 67. Measurement inputs of the Idir> function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 88 Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage status to 2: Trip Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Blocked 1: RMS Measured TRMS Defines which available measured magnitude is used by the function. magnitude Peak- to-peak © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 89 Pick-up setting 0.10…40.00×I 0.01×I 1.20×I The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed also when the blocking condition is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 90 In a short- circuit the angle comes from impedance calculation. Figure. 4.4.4 - 37. Operation sector area when the sector center has been set to -45 degrees. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 91 Time When the function has detected a fault and counts down time remaining -1800.000...1800.00s 0.005s towards a trip, this displays how much time is left before to trip tripping occurs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 92 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.4 - 72. Event messages. Event block name Event names DOC1 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 93 Using voltmem ON DOC2 Using voltmem OFF DOC3 Start ON DOC3 Start OFF DOC3 Trip ON DOC3 Trip OFF DOC3 Block ON DOC3 Block OFF DOC3 No voltage, Blocking ON DOC3 Voltage measurable, Blocking OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 94 Event Event name Fault type L1-E...L1-L2-L3 Pre-trigger current Start/Trip -20ms current Fault current Start/Trip current Pre-fault current Start -200ms averages Trip time remaining 0s...1800s Used SG Setting group 1...8 active Operating angle 0...250° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 95: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the directional earth fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 96 The selection of the used AI channel is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from a START or TRIP event. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 97 1: Side Defines which current measurement module is used by the function. side 2: Side 2 1: I01 Input 2: I02 1: I01 Defines which measured residual current is used by the function. selection 3: I0Calc © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 98 I0 angle blinder (Petersen coil earthed) -90.0…0.0° 0.1° -90° The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 99 Each outgoing feeder produces capacitance according to the zero sequence capacitive reactance of the line (ohms per kilometer). It is normal that in cable networks fault currents are higher than in overhead lines. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 100 In emergency situations a line with an earth fault can be used for a specific time. Figure. 4.4.5 - 41. Angle tracking of I0dir> function (Petersen coil earthed network model). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 101 This resistance includes the amplitude of the fault current. In undercompensated or overcompensated situations the resistive component does not change during the fault; therefore, selective tripping is ensured even when the network is slightly undercompensated or overcompensated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 102 Directly earthed or small impedance network schemes are normal in transmission, distribution and industry. The phase angle setting of the tripping area is adjustable as is the base direction of the area (angle offset). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 103 CT errors. For all these reasons, Arcteq has developed an improved alternative to these traditional directional earth fault protections.
  • Page 104 No extra parameterization is required compared to the traditional method. The multi- criteria algorithm can be tested with COMTRADE files supplied by Arcteq. The function requires a connection of three-phase currents, residual current and residual voltage to operate correctly.
  • Page 105 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 106 Event block name Event name DEF1 Start ON DEF1 Start OFF DEF1 Trip ON DEF1 Trip OFF DEF1 Block ON DEF1 Block OFF DEF1 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF1 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF1 I0Sinfi Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 107 Trip ON DEF3 Trip OFF DEF3 Block ON DEF3 Block OFF DEF3 I0Cosfi Start ON DEF3 I0Cosfi Start OFF DEF3 I0Sinfi Start ON DEF3 I0Sinfi Start OFF DEF3 I0Cosfi Trip ON DEF3 I0Cosfi Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 108 Start/Trip -20ms current fault current Start/Trip current Fault capacitive I Start/Trip capacitive current Fault resistive I Start/Trip resistive current Fault U Start/Trip voltage (percentage of nominal) Fault U Start/Trip voltage (in Volts) fault angle 0...360° © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 109: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    (3) output signals. In instant operating mode the function outputs START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 110 Phase L3 (C) measured RMS current 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 111 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 112 Both IEC and IEEE/ANSI standard characteristics as well as user settable parameters are available for the IDMT operation. Unique to the current unbalance protection is the availability of the “Curve2” delay which follows the formula below: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 113 OFF for messages in the main event buffer. The function offers four (4) independent stages; the events are segregated for each stage operation. The triggering event of the function (START, TRIP or BLOCKED) is recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 114 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for START, TRIP or BLOCKED. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 115: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the non-directional harmonic overcurrent function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 116 The magnitudes (RMS) of phase L1 (A) current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic IL1FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 117 The magnitudes (RMS) of residual I0 current components: - Fundamental harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic harmonic I01FFT 5 ms harmonic harmonic - 11 harmonic - 13 harmonic - 15 harmonic - 17 harmonic - 19 harmonic. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 118 General menu. Blocked Ih> 1: Side 1 Defines which current measurement module is used by the function. measurement 1: Side 1 Visible if the unit has more than one current measurement module. 2: Side 2 side © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 119 (in single, dual or all phases) it triggers the pick-up operation of the function. Table. 4.4.7 - 89. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description Pick-up setting 0.05…2.00×I 0.01×I 0.20×I (per unit monitoring) Pick-up setting Ih/IL 5.00…200.00% 0.01% 20.00% (percentage monitoring) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 120 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 121 Trip OFF HOC2 Block ON HOC2 Block OFF HOC3 Start ON HOC3 Start OFF HOC3 Trip ON HOC3 Trip OFF HOC3 Block ON HOC3 Block OFF HOC4 Start ON HOC4 Start OFF HOC4 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 122: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude processing • input magnitude selection • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs of the function are the following: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 123 RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current I01RMS RMS measurement of residual input I01 I02RMS RMS measurement of residual input I02 I0Calc Calculated residual current from the phase current inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 124 Force the status of the function. Visible only when Enable stage status to 3: CBFP Normal forcing parameter is enabled in General menu. Blocked 1: Side 1 Measurement 1: Side Defines which current measurement module is used by the function. side 2: Side 2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 125 This setting limit defines the upper limit for the phase current pick-up element. The pick-up threshold for the residual current measurement. 0.005...40.000×I 0.001×I 1.200×I This setting limit defines the upper limit for the phase current pick-up element. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 126 CBFP time. This way, when retripping another breaker coil clears the fault, any unnecessary function triggers are avoided. The following table presents the setting parameters for the function's operating time characteristics. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 127 CBFP starts the timer. This setting defines how long the CBFP 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.200s starting condition has to last before the CBFP signal is activated. The following figures present some typical cases of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 128 The retrip is wired from its own device output contact in parallel with the circuit breaker's redundant trip coil. The CBFP signal is normally wired from its device output contact to the incomer breaker. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 129 CBFP signal to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, both counters (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 130 (RETRIP and CBFP) are reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 131 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled with current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included in the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 132 Probably the most common application is when the device's trip output controls the circuit breaker trip coil, while one dedicated CBFP contact controls the CBFP function. Below are a few operational cases regarding the various applications and settings of the CBFP function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 133 CBFP signal is sent to the incomer breaker. If the primary protection function clears the fault, the counter for CBFP resets as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 134 The time delay counter for CBFP is reset as soon as the measured current is below the threshold settings or the tripping signal is reset. This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, and other function trips can be excluded from the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 135 This configuration allows the CBFP to be controlled by current-based functions alone, with added security from current monitoring. Other function trips can also be included to the CBFP functionality. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 136 A A Q Q -T257 -T257 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.4 Protection functions Version: 2.09 Device configuration as a dedicated CBFP unit Figure. 4.4.8 - 57. Wiring diagram when the device is configured as a dedicated CBFP unit. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 137 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.8 - 100. Event messages. Event block name Event names CBF1 Start ON CBF1 Start OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 138: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    The overvoltage function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 139 Figure. 4.4.9 - 59. Simplified function block diagram of the U> function. Measured input The function block uses analog voltage measurement values. The monitored magnitudes are equal to RMS values. A -20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre-fault data registering. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 140 The selection of the AI channel in use is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 4.4.9 - 60. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 141 2LL+U3+U4 mode is in use. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 142 1: On Displays the mode of OV block. 2: Blocked U> LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of behaviour 4: Test/Blocked individual LN mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 143 The operating timers’ behavior during a function can be set for TRIP signal and also for the release of the function in case the pick-up element is reset before the trip time has been reached. There are three basic operating modes available for the function: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 144 Resetting time. The time allowed between pick-ups if the Release pick-up has not led to a trip operation. During this time the 0.000…150.000s 0.005s 0.06s time delay START signal is held on for the timers if the delayed pick-up release is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 145 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.9 - 109. Event messages. Event block name Event names Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 146: Undervoltage Protection (U<; 27)

    The undervoltage function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 147 Figure. 4.4.10 - 63. Simplified function block diagram of the U< function. Measured input The function block uses analog voltage measurement values. The monitored voltage magnitudes are equal to RMS values. A -20 ms averaged value of the selected magnitude is used for pre-fault data registering. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 148 The selection of the AI channel in use is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from START or TRIP event. Figure. 4.4.10 - 64. Selectable measurement magnitudes with 3LN+U4 VT connection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 149 2LL+U3+U4 mode is in use. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 150 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 151 -1800.000...1800.000s 0.005s time towards a trip, this displays how much time is left to trip before tripping occurs. A(B) The ratio between U or U voltage and the pick-up meas 0.00...1250.00U 0.01U at the value. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 152 • Inverse definite minimum time (IDMT): gives the TRIP signal after a time which is in relation to the set pick-up voltage U and the measured voltage U (dependent time characteristics). The IDMT function follows this formula: Where: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 153 2: Yes even when the pick-up element is reset. release time The user can reset characteristics through the application. The default setting is a 60 ms delay; the time calculation is held during the release time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 154 Undervoltage Block ON Undervoltage Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF Undervoltage Block ON Undervoltage Block OFF Start ON Start OFF Trip ON Trip OFF Block ON Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 155: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    100/√3 V = 57.74 V. Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to zero sequence voltage calculation). Below are some examples of zero sequence calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 156 IEC and ANSI standard time delays as well as custom parameters. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • time delay characteristics © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 157 Table. 4.4.11 - 120. Measurement inputs of the U0> function. Signal Description Time base U0RMS RMS measurement of voltage U0/V RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U RMS measurement of voltage U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 158 Pick-up setting U0set> Pick-up setting The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 159 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 160 0.01s 0.05s setting k Time dial/multiplier setting for IDMT characteristics. The setting is active and visible when IDMT is the selected IDMT delay type. 0.01…25.00s 0.01s 1.00s Multiplier IDMT time multiplier in the U power. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 161 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.11 - 125. Event messages. Event block name Event names NOV1 Start ON NOV1 Start OFF NOV1 Trip ON NOV1 Trip OFF NOV1 Block ON NOV1 Block OFF NOV2 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 162 Fault Pre-fault Trip time Date and time Event Fault type Used SG voltage voltage voltage remaining Start/Trip Start/ Start Setting dd.mm.yyyy Event L1-G…L1-L2-L3 -20ms Trip -200ms group 1...8 hh:mm:ss.mss name ms...1800s voltage voltage voltage active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 163: Sequence Voltage Protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59Pn)

    Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to positive sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of positive sequence calculation (positive sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.12 - 72. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.12 - 73. Earth fault in an isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 164 Below is the formula for symmetric component calculation (and therefore to negative sequence voltage calculation). In what follows are three examples of negative sequence calculation (negative sequence component vector). Figure. 4.4.12 - 75. Normal situation. Figure. 4.4.12 - 76. Earth fault in isolated network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 165 START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the sequence voltage function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 166 In RMS values the pre-fault condition is presented with 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms of START or TRIP event. General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 167 U< pick-up setting. Please see the image below for a visualization of this function. If the block level is set to zero (0), blocking is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 168 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 169 DT is the selected delay type. operating 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 0.040s When set to 0.000 s, the stage operates as instant without time added delay. When the parameter is set to 0.005...1800 s, delay the stage operates as independent delayed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 170 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.12 - 133. Event messages. Event block name Event names VUB1 Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 171 Table. 4.4.12 - 134. Register content. Pre-trigger Fault Pre-fault Trip time Date and time Event Used SG voltage voltage voltage remaining Setting dd.mm.yyyy Event Start/Trip -20ms Start/Trip Start -200ms 0 ms...1800s group 1...8 hh:mm:ss.mss name voltage voltage voltage active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 172: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the frequency function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 173 L-N voltages of the second voltage transformer General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 174 They define the maximum or minimum allowed measured frequency before action from the function. The function constantly calculates the ratio between the pick-up setting and the measured frequency. The reset ratio of 20mHz is built into the function and is always relative to the pick-up value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 175 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 176 ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.13 - 139. Event messages. Event block name Event names FRQV1 f> Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 177 Trip OFF FRQV1 f<<< Start ON FRQV1 f<<< Start OFF FRQV1 f<<< Trip ON FRQV1 f<<< Trip OFF FRQV1 f<<<< Start ON FRQV1 f<<<< Start OFF FRQV1 f<<<< Trip ON FRQV1 f<<<< Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 178: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    (i.e. becomes an islanded network). A generator that is not disconnected from the network can cause safety hazards. A generator can also be automatically reconnected to the network, which can cause damage to the generator and the network. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 179 • block signal check • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed frequency magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 180 L-N voltages of the second voltage transformer 5 ms General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 181 "Falling" or "Both". Overfrequency limit. Tripping is permitted if df/dt>/< (1…8) measured frequency is above this value. This 0.01Hz/ 10.00…70.00Hz/s 51Hz/s f> limit parameter is visible only when operation mode is set to "Rising" or "Both". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 182 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 183 DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Start ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Start OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Trip ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (4) Trip OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Start ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Start OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (5) Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 184 (7) Block OFF DFT1 df/dt>/< (8) Block ON DFT1 df/dt>/< (8) Block OFF The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 185: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    The function can operate on instant or time-delayed mode. The operational logic consists of the following: • input magnitude selection • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • two block signal checks © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 186 Table. 4.4.15 - 147. Measurement inputs of the power protection function. Signal Description Time base 3PH active power (P) Total three-phase active power 3PH reactive power (Q) Total three-phase reactive power 3PH apparent power Total three-phase apparent power © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 187 Pick-up Defines whether the function operates in 0: > Over 0: Over mode underpower or overpower protection mode. 1: < Under Pick-up setting. Related to the nominal power Pick-up -500.000…500.000% 0.005% set by the user. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 188 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 189 Trip OFF PWR1 Block ON PWR1 Block OFF PWR2 Start ON PWR2 Start OFF PWR2 Trip ON PWR2 Trip OFF PWR2 Block ON PWR2 Block OFF PWR3 Start ON PWR3 Start OFF PWR3 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 190: Volts-Per-Hertz Overexcitation Protection (V/Hz>; 24)

    The most common situation for overexcitation is when a machine is off-line prior to synchronization. The figure below shows how the pick-up settings and the measured frequency affect the pick-up level of the volts-per-hertz protection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 191 (3) output signal. In the instant operating mode the function outputs START and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, TRIP and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 192 System voltage RMS Measured system frequency f General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 193 The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. Inverse operating time characteristics are calculated according to the following equation: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 194 Figure. 4.4.16 - 88. Inverse (above) and inverse and DT (below) time characteristics with the TimeDial k setting effect. Figure. 4.4.16 - 89. Inverse (above) and inverse and DT (below) time characteristics with the inverse constant setting effect. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 195 5: Off 0: Normal 1: Start 2: Alarm Displays the status of the protection function. Hz> condition 3: Trip 4: Blocked Expected Displays the expected operating time when a fault operating 0.000...1800.000s 0.005s occurs. time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 196 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. Table. 4.4.16 - 158. Event messages. Event block name Event names VHZ1 (1) Start ON VHZ1 (1) Start OFF VHZ1 (1) Alarm ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 197: Pole Slip Protection (78)

    This causes high acceleration and deceleration causes stress on the generator and prime mover, which can cause winding movement, shaft fracture or worse. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 198 The function block uses analog current and voltage measurement values. These values are used for calculating impedance. Table. 4.4.17 - 160. Measurement inputs of the pole slip protection function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 199 Table. 4.4.17 - 162. Pick-up settings. Name Range Step Default Description X detection circle -50 000.00...50 0.01 -50.00 Moves the midpoint of circle in the X-axis offset from origin (pri) 000.00 Ohm (reactance). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 200 The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 201 START, TRIP and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 202: Transformer Status Monitoring

    • LV side inrush • normal load • overloading • heavy overloading. These signals can be used in indication or in logic programming, and they are the basis for the events the function generates (if so chosen). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 203 The function's outputs are dependent on the set transformer data because the measured currents (in p.u.) are related to the transformer nominal values. The following diagram presents the function's outputs in various situations. Figure. 4.4.18 - 93. Activation of the function's outputs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 204 HV and the LV side. The HV side nominal voltage of HV side the transformer. This value is nominal 0.1…500.0kV 0.1kV 110.0kV All used to calculate the nominal voltage currents of the HV side. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 205 HV side 0: Not earthed 0: Not monitoring HV side current calculation. The earthed 1: Earthed earthed - transformer selection is visible only if the differential option "Manual set" is selected for the vector group setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 206 1: Check - transformer configuration current flowing on both sides differential and "see" no faults. The selection is visible only if the option "Manual set" is selected for the vector group setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 207 LV poles of the SC curr. transformer. LV side 2ph Shows how the calculated maximum two- SC to HV 0.001...500.000kA 0.001kA 0.000kA Info phase short-circuit current in the LV side side is seen in the HV side. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 208 LV side inrush OFF TRF1 Load normal ON TRF1 Load normal OFF TRF1 Overloading ON TRF1 Overloading OFF TRF1 High overload ON TRF1 High overload OFF TRF1 Setting changes, calculating new transformer data TRF1 Calculation finished, possible restart © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 209 If setting groups are controlled by pulses, the setting group activated by pulse will stay active until another setting groups receives and activation signal. Figure. 4.4.18 - 94. Example sequences of group changing (control with pulse only, or with both pulses and static signals). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 210 Please note that if a higher priority setting group is being setting 4: SG4 0: None controlled by a signal, a lower priority setting group cannot be activated group change 5: SG5 with this parameter. 6: SG6 7: SG7 8: SG8 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 211 Table. 4.4.18 - 173. Event messages. Event block name Event names SGS2 SG2 Enabled SGS2 SG2 Disabled SGS2 SG3 Enabled SGS2 SG3 Disabled SGS2 SG4 Enabled SGS2 SG4 Disabled SGS2 SG5 Enabled SGS2 SG5 Disabled SGS2 SG6 Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 212 Force Change SG ON SGS2 Force Change SG OFF SGS2 SG Request Fail Not configured SG ON SGS2 SG Request Fail Not configured SG OFF SGS2 Force Request Fail Force ON SGS2 Force Request Fail Force OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 213: Transformer Thermal Overload Protection (Tt>; 49T)

    "memory" uses; it is an integral function which tells this function apart from a normal overcurrent function and its operating principle for overload protection applications. The thermal image for the function is calculated according to the equation described below: Where: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 214 100 % indefinitely but never exceeds it. With a single time constant model the cooling of the object follows this same behavior, the reverse of the heating when the current feeding is zero. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 215 The ambient temperature compensation takes into account the set minimum and maximum temperatures and the load capacity of the protected object as well as the measured or set ambient temperature. The calculated coefficient is a linear correction factor, as the following formula shows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 216 Function inputs and outputs The blocking signal and the setting group selection control the operating characteristics of the function during normal operation, i.e. the user or user-defined logic can change function parameters while the function is running. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 217 Table. 4.4.19 - 174. Measurement inputs of the TT> function. Signal Description Time base IL1TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current 5 ms IL2TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current 5 ms IL3TRMS TRMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current 5 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 218 10.0min const) cooling of the protected object. The service factor which corrects the value of the maximum 0.01…5.00 0.01 1.00 allowed current according to installation and other (service factor) conditions varying from the presumptive conditions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 219 -60…500deg 1deg 0deg correction factor for minimum temperature is used. temp. This setting is visible if "Ambient lin. or curve" is set to "Linear est." © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 220 Disabled TT> Alarm 0.0…150.0% 0.1% ALARM 2 activation threshold. 2 level Enable TT> 0: Disabled Enabling/disabling the INHIBIT signal and the I/O. Rest 1: Enabled Disabled Inhibit TT> Inhibit 0.0…150.0% 0.1% INHIBIT activation threshold. level © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 221 1: Alarm 1 2: Alarm 2 TT> The function's operating condition at the moment considering binary IO signal status. Condition No outputs are controlled when the status is "Normal". 3: Inhibit 4: Trip ON 5: Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 222 - TT> T est. with act. curr.: estimation of the used thermal capacity including the current at a given moment - TT> T at a given moment: the thermal capacity used at that moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 223 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.4.19 - 182. Event messages. Event block name Event names TOLT1 Alarm1 ON TOLT1 Alarm1 OFF TOLT1 Alarm2 ON TOLT1 Alarm2 OFF TOLT1 Inhibit ON TOLT1 Inhibit OFF TOLT1 Trip ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 224: Generator/Transformer Differential Protection (Idb>/Idi>/I0Dhv>/I0Dlv>; 87T/87N/87G)

    The generator/transformer differential function is used for protecting the following power transformers: two-winding transformers, and to some extent three-winding and two-winding transformers that have double outputs and a summing application. This function can also be used for protecting generators. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 225 A broken overcurrent and earth fault device can be switched to a new one within hours. protection. No separate protection transformer. Relatively cheap. devices are normally applied. Distribution. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 226 There are many transformer faults, e.g. dirty, watered or old transformer oil, oil leakage from the tank, as well as multiple, prolonged heavy overloading and other faults in the cooling systems. These can cause earth faults, interturn faults or even phase-to-phase faults in the windings of the transformer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 227 • the transformer's vector group (for matching the transformer vectors in p.u.) • the ratios and properties of the transformers HV and LV sides. This chapter shows the setting and the principle of transformer differential protection step by step. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 228 However, if one feels inclined to calculate the amplitude matching factor, they can do so with the formulas presented below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 229 This is called amplitude matching of the HV and LV sides. In modern differential relays this is done automatically when the nominal values and CT ratings are set for the transformer. Thus, these calculations only have nice-to-know informational value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 230 LV side is leading 30 degrees; '5' and '7' are just the other ends of the windings thus causing a 180-degree difference between the '1' and '11' clock numbers. The following example explains transformer current vectors and what a connection might look like. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 231 4 Functions A A Q Q -T257 -T257 4.4 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.20 - 102. Yd1 transformer's internal connection (in theory). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 232 Y-connected vector diagram. The images below present the differential algorithm itself (one calculating formula for each phase difference); first the "subtract" formulas, then the "add" formulas. Selection is based on the CT connections. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 233 A A Q Q -T257 -T257 4.4 Protection functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.20 - 104. "Subtract" formula. Figure. 4.4.20 - 105. "Add" formula. Figure. 4.4.20 - 106. CTs' starpoints requiring the "Add" mode. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 234 Next, these two formulas are combined in a graph: the x-axis presents the measured differential current, and the y-axis presents the calculated bias current. The following graph shows the differential function characteristic, both biased and non-biased. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 235 ). It is the basic sensitivity limit: when the measured differential current is below this limit, the d>pick-up transformer still operates normally and the protection does not trigger. In other words, the pick-up current setting must be higher than the combination of all the normal operation factors that cause differential currents. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 236 3) Relay measurement accuracy (primary and secondary) (RE The relay measurement error is below 0.5 %, its optional accuracy below 0.2 % per measurement channel: the combined value for both sides is either 1 % or 0.4 %. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 237 This causes a difference in the nominal current condition, which can be noticed as a differential current in the relay. Usually tap changer positions are presented as deviation steps for the secondary voltage to both positive and negative direction from the center (see the second image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 238 If there is no tap changer, the maximum uncertainty can be calculated sufficiently enough by summing the maximum inaccuracies of the CTs on the HV and LV sides. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 239 Slope 1 is calculated by using the transformer and CT nominal values in the maximum full load (Turnpoint 2) of the transformer with highest possible differential current causing tap position. Generally the Slope 1 setting is calculated as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 240 CTs differently (starpoint towards or away from the transformer). Thus, the differential current is always calculated as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 241 Therefore, the differential current is the following: If the Maximum mode is used for biasing (due to a single end fault), the bias current is the same as the differential current. Therefore, the Slope 2 setting is calculated as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 242 CTs, the connection between the CTs, as well as the cross-section and material of the wires. Let us begin with the burden the wiring causes to the relay, and calculate the resistance in a conductor: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 243 It is recommended that you use the worst-case scenario as the basis for calculating the CT burden. In most cases these +75 ºC values are sufficient. If the ambient temperature in your application is higher than +75 ºC, the resistance should be calculated for that specific temperature. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 244 If the CTs have the possibility to saturate (that is, the calculated through fault current is bigger than the ALF on either CT side), the setting of the instant stage must be set high enough so that it does not operate on through fault saturation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 245 (using these same formulas) in the Transformer status monitoring (TRF) module. When everything is set up correctly in the relay and when the transformer is feeding the load with nominal power, the result should look like the following example configuration when the example settings and transformer are used. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 246 A A Q Q -T257 -T257 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.4 Protection functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.4.20 - 113. Example configuration for the transformer differential function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 247 Our example presented only one type of transformer and its properties. Another very common variation is the type of transformer where the star side (HV, LV, or both) is earthed and thus forms a route outside the differential zone (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 248 (in p.u.) before differential calculation and thus negates the effect of an external earth fault. Correctly selected transformer settings prevent the differential function from being tripped by out-of-zone earth faults (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 249 However, enabling the REF protection requires that both the phase current measurements and the starpoint current are available and can be connected to the relay's residual current channel on the corresponding (HV/LV) side measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 250 (external) earth faults, and the how a heavy fault going fully through the second biased section (Slope 2) can cause saturation in the CTs' phase currents. The recommended base settings: • Pick-up (base sensitivity): typically 5 % to 10 % of the phase current CT error (Px) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 251 The differential relay sees the energization current as a differential current since it only flows through the primary side winding only. The saturation of the transformer core generates the 2 harmonic component which can be used to block the biased sensitive differential stage during energization. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 252 (in amperes), the fourth graph depicts the fundamental (50 Hz) FFT- calculated currents (in amperes), and fifth graph depicts the 2 harmonic components relative to the corresponding fundamental component currents (with the 15 % setting limit). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 253 While the results are very low compared to the magnetizing inrush current magnitudes, the differential relay would still definitely trip without the 2 harmonic blocking. The situation is the same with all of the calculted setting variations. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 254 Figure. 4.4.20 - 119. Inrush blocking by using the 2 harmonic (relative to fundamental frequency). Figure. 4.4.20 - 120. Example of transformer magnetizing inrush currents. A conservative setting recommendation for standard type transformers: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 255 Figure. 4.4.20 - 121. Transformer behavior in case of overvoltage caused by overexcitation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 256 The figures below present the system voltage and the magnitude of the 5 harmonic component (both in per-unit), absolute and scaled to the transformer nominal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 257 (that is, no overvoltage relays are available), this blocking can be enabled with the setting of 30...40 % with the disturbance recorder enabled. If a trip occurs as a result of overexcitation, the settings can be adjusted based on the data captured by the disturbance recorder. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 258 Set mode of DIF block. 2: Blocked Idx> LN This parameter is visible only when Allow 3: Test 1: On mode setting of individual LN mode is enabled 4: Test/Blocked in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 259 The transformer's short-circuit Transformer 0.01…25.00% 0.01% 3.00% Info impedance in percentages. Used for calculating short-circuit current. The transformer's nominal frequency. Transformer 10…75Hz 50Hz Info Used for calculating the transformer's nom. freq. nominal short-circuit inductance. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 260 LV side 0: Not grounded monitoring LV side current calculation. The selection grounded grounded 1: Grounded - transformer is visible only if the option "Manual set" is differential selected for the vector group setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 261 LV side. This starpint 0: IO1 monitoring 1: IO2 setting is only visible if the option meas. - transformer "Enabled" is selected for the "Enable I0d> differential (REF) LV side" setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 262 "Enable I0d> (REF) HV side" setting is enabled. HV I0d> Turnpoint 1 for the HV side restricted earth fault 0.01…50.00×I 0.01×I 1.00×I Turnpoint differential characteristics. This setting is only visible if the "Enable I0d> (REF) HV side" setting is enabled. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 263 The calculated phase L1 maximum differential current allowed with current bias level HV I0d> Bias The calculated HV side restricted earth fault bias current current HV I0d> Diff current The calculated HV side restricted earth fault differential current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 264 The data register is available, based on the changes in the tripping events. Table. 4.4.20 - 188. Event messages. Event block name Event names DIF1 Idb> Trip ON DIF1 Idb> Trip OFF DIF1 Idb> Blocked (ext) ON DIF1 Idb> Blocked (ext) OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 265 DIF1 HV I0d> Block OFF DIF1 HV I0d> Trip ON DIF1 HV I0d> Trip OFF DIF1 LV I0d> Block ON DIF1 LV I0d> Block OFF DIF1 LV I0d> Trip ON DIF1 LV I0d> Trip OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 266: Resistance Temperature Detectors (Rtd)

    (2) separate alarms from one selected input. The user can set alarms and measurements to be either in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. The following figure shows the principal structure of the resistance temperature detection function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 267 Table. 4.4.21 - 191. Function settings for Channel x (Sx). Name Range Step Default Description 0: No Enables/disables the selecion of sensor S1...S16 enable 0: No 1: Yes measurements and alarms. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 268 Sets the value for Alarm 2. The alarm is activated if the measurement goes S1...S16 Alarm2 -101.0…2000.0deg 0.1deg 0.0deg above or below this setting mode (depends on the selected mode in "Sx Alarm2 >/<"). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 269 S3 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S3 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S3 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S4 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S4 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S4 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S4 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S5 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S5 Alarm1 OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 270 S11 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S11 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S11 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S11 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S12 Alarm1 ON RTD1 S12 Alarm1 OFF RTD1 S12 Alarm2 ON RTD1 S12 Alarm2 OFF RTD1 S13 Alarm1 ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 271 S4 Meas Invalid RTD2 S5 Meas Ok RTD2 S5 Meas Invalid RTD2 S6 Meas Ok RTD2 S6 Meas Invalid RTD2 S7 Meas Ok RTD2 S7 Meas Invalid RTD2 S8 Meas Ok RTD2 S8 Meas Invalid © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 272: Programmable Stage (Pgx>/<; 99)

    If a stage is not active the PSx>/< condition parameter will merely display “Disabled”. The function's outputs are START, TRIP and BLOCKED signals. The programmable stage function uses a total of eight (8) separate setting groups which can be selected from one common source. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 273 General menu. 3: Blocked 0: One magnitude comp 1: Two Defines how many measurement magnitudes are used by the PSx >/< Measurement setting magnitude stage. comp 2: Three magnitude comp © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 274 -5 000 000...5 PSx MagnitudeX multiplier multiplication). See section "Magnitude multiplier" for more 000 000 information. Analog values The numerous analog signals have been divided into categories to help the user find the desired value. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 275 I01 primary current of a current-resistive component I01CapP I01 primary current of a current-capacitive component I01ResS I01 secondary current of a current-resistive component I01CapS I01 secondary current of a current-capacitive component I02ResP I02 primary current of a current-resistive component © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 276 Positive sequence voltage angle (degrees) U2 neg.seq.V Ang Negative sequence voltage angle (degrees) Table. 4.4.22 - 197. Power measurements Name Description S3PH Three-phase apparent power S (kVA) P3PH Three-phase active power P (kW) Q3PH Three-phase reactive power Q (kvar) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 277 Positive Impedance Z primary (Ω) ZSeqSec Positive Impedance Z secondary (Ω) ZSeqAngle Positive Impedance Z angle Table. 4.4.22 - 200. Conductances, susceptances and admittances (L1, L2, L3) Name Description GLxPri Conductance G L1, L2, L3 primary (mS) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 278 Transformer thermal temperature RTD meas 1…16 RTD measurement channels 1…16 Ext RTD meas 1…8 External RTD measurement channels 1…8 (ADAM) mA input 7,8,15,16 mA input channels 7, 8, 15, 16 ASC 1…4 Analog scaled curves 1…4 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 279 -5 000 000...5 000 The ratio between measured magnitude and the pick-up MagSet1 at the setting. moment PSx >/< MeasMag2/ -5 000 000...5 000 The ratio between measured magnitude and the pick-up MagSet2 at the setting. moment © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 280 The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. Comparator modes When setting the comparators, the user must first choose a comparator mode. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 281 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 282 PGS1 PS4 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS4 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS4 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS4 >/< Block OFF PGS1 PS5 >/< Start ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 283 PGS1 PS8 >/< Block OFF PGS1 PS9 >/< Start ON PGS1 PS9 >/< Start OFF PGS1 PS9 >/< Trip ON PGS1 PS9 >/< Trip OFF PGS1 PS9 >/< Block ON PGS1 PS9 >/< Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 284: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc)

    This delay can be avoided by using arc protection. The arc protection card has a high-speed output to trip signals faster as well as to extend the speed of arc protection. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 285 The arc protection card has four (4) sensor channels, and up to three (3) arc point sensors can be connected to each channel. The sensor channels support Arcteq AQ-01 (light sensing) and AQ-02 (pressure and light sensing) units. Optionally, the protection function can also be applied with a phase current or a residual current condition: the function trips only if the light and overcurrent conditions are met.
  • Page 286 • input magnitude processing • threshold comparator • block signal check • output processing. The inputs for the function are the following: • operating mode selections • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 287 Scheme IA1 is a single-line diagram with AQ-2xx series relays and with AQ-101 arc protection relays. The settings are for an incomer AQ-200 relay. Figure. 4.4.23 - 126. Scheme IA1 (with AQ-101 arc protection relays). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 288 3 need to be enabled as there are sensors connected to both Zone 2 and 3 starts. Sensors connected to the channel S3 are in Zone 2. Then enable Light 3 of Zone 2. The sensor connected to the channel S2 is in Zone 3. Then enable Light 2 of Zone 3. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 289 12: Zone4 Blocked Channel sensors 0: No Channel sensors 1: No Defines the number of sensors connected to the channel (channels 1/2/3/ 1: 1 sensor sensors sensors 2: 2 sensors 3: 3 sensors Channel sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 290 The residual overcurrent allows the zone to trip when light is 0: Disabled 4 Res. curr. detected. 1: Enabled Disabled Enabled Zone1/2/3/ 0: Disabled 4 Light 1 Light detected in sensor channel 1 trips the zone. 1: Enabled Disabled Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 291 Displays the mode of ARC block. 2: Blocked I/I0 Arc> LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN behaviour 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 292 START, TRIP, and BLOCKED. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 293 ARC1 Residual current Start OFF ARC1 Channel 1 Light ON ARC1 Channel 1 Light OFF ARC1 Channel 1 Pressure ON ARC1 Channel 1 Pressure OFF ARC1 Channel 2 Light ON ARC1 Channel 2 Light OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 294 Phase A Phase B Phase C Residual Active Date and time Event Used SG current current current current sensors dd.mm.yyyy Event Trip Trip Trip Trip Setting group 1...4 hh:mm:ss.mss name current current current current 1...8 active © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 295: Control Functions

    Live Edit mode is active. Table. 4.5.1 - 216. Information displayed by the function. Name Range Step Description 0: Normal Common signals condition 1: Start Displays status of the function. 2: Trip © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 296: Automatic Voltage Regulator (90)

    This control model is commonly called bus regulation. Other uses for voltage control are, for example, reactive power control and optimization of the transmission lines. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 297 The control settings include the operating mode selection ("Auto" or "Manual") as well as the settings for the maximum and minimum control pulse lengths for the used output contacts. Additionally, the settings include the setting for the minimum instant operation wait time between pulses. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 298 Tap position indication mA input Tap steps total (Raise voltage steps + lower voltage steps) 18 steps Tap center (Nominal voltage position) 9 step Tap step effect 1.67 % mA input low range 4 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 299 These basic settings define the control area where the AVR must operate. Either Channel 1 or 2 can be used to connect a mA input to an option card (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 300 A A Q Q -T257 -T257 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.5 Control functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.2 - 130. Connecting mA input to option card. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 301 If this is the case, this can be switched with the “Tap position indication” parameter, as shown in the image below. Figure. 4.5.2 - 132. Switching the tap position indication. Correcting non-linear mA tap position indication with current scaling © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 302 Figure. 4.5.2 - 133. Example of Scaled input setting. External mA input There is an alternative to using an RTD & mA card: one can also use an external mA unit (ADAM-4016) which connects to the RS-485 port. Binary coded inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 303 Control → Control functions → Voltage regulator → IO → Input signal control . Up to five digital inputs can be set for BCD coding, and up to 18 positions can be indicated with BCD coding (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 304 Instead of mA measurement, RTD resistance is also an applicable option. To use RTD measurement the position indication needs to be scaled in Measurement → AI (mA, DI volt) scaling (see the image below). Figure. 4.5.2 - 134. Example scaling for tap position indication with RTD measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 305 Therefore, the minimum voltage window size can be calculated as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 306 Eventually a stable voltage may be found but the next tap change request will cause similar fluctuation and the cycle begins again. Figure. 4.5.2 - 137. Tight voltage window (window reached but voltage near the limit). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 307 However, the voltage stays within the second window limits. Only when a second tap change is applied does the voltage drop within the limits of the first voltage window. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 308 For example, if U >>/<<< time delay has been set to 40 seconds and the measured voltage difference from the set target is 4 %, using the formula above the operating time can be determined to be 10 seconds (40s / 4) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 309 Figure. 4.5.2 - 140. Inverse operating time characteristics for the second voltage window (U>>/<< window The inverse operating time controls the voltage back to the set target window: the bigger the deviation (dU [%]) is, the smaller the operating time to get the voltage within the target window. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 310 (U>>> Instant setting). After this level is reached, the time characteristics of the corresponding window calculate the consecutive time delays until the desired target window is reached. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 311 10 % by local standards and the tap effect for the transformer is 1.67 %, the pick-up for the instant low function should be set to 8.33 % (10 % – 1.67 %). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 312 (see the image below). This can occur in various power-off situations, such as when there is a heavy short-circuit fault in the feeding network side, or when the tap drifts towads the maximum voltage. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 313 Table. 4.5.2 - 218. Measurement inputs of the automatic voltage regulator function. Signal Description Time base UL12 System Phase-to-phase system voltage UL12 UL23 System Phase-to-phase system voltage UL23 UL31 System Phase-to-phase system voltage UL31 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 314 When opened displays the internal than U<< Vreg settings condition information about the settings. If the value 5: U>>> set too differs from 0, the settings are not correct. 6: U<<< set too high 7: VT selection not © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 315 Displays the set instant stage (compared to U>>> (instant) setting 0.00…140.00% 0.01% the nominal 100 % level). Displays the set upper limit of the second U>> setting 0.00…140.00% 0.01% window (compared to the nominal 100 % level). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 316 Sets the maximum time the tap 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 2.000s pulse length control's output contact can be closed. Min control Sets the minimum time the tap control's 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 2.000s pulse length output contact must be closed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 317 This setting is only visible when "Scaled signal 4: Scaling curve 1 1 (mA) input" is the selected input mode. (position) 5: Scaling curve 2 (position) 6: Scaling curve 3 (position) 7: Scaling curve 4 (position) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 318 "Binary coded inputs" is the selected input mode. Displays the mA input measurement value mA input now at the moment. (from the 0.000…20.000mA 0.001mA - This setting is visible, when any of the mA measurement) inputs is selected. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 319 Sets the "voltage high" limit for the low-set voltage U> window. 0.10…30.00%U 0.01%U 0.88%U setting This setting is only visible, when the "U>/< window in (+UTGT) use" parameter is activated. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 320 (- blocked. UTGT) Internal 0: Not in use 0: Not in Selects whether or not the internal overcurrent 1: In use detection blocks the AVR operation. blocking © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 321 AVR outputs Indicates that the output contact control is blocked, and that the actual output signals and blocked events are not given to the tap changer. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 322 "From library", and then select one of the control button icons. Next, choose which logical input this button controls, and make sure that the two images in the item are following the status of the correct logical input (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 323 Tap Lower command OFF VRG1 Block operation ON VRG1 Block Operation OFF VRG1 Block Output commands ON VRG1 Block Output commands OFF VRG1 Low voltage blocking ON VRG1 Low voltage blocking OFF VRG1 Overcurrent blocking ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 324 Control Date and time Event Voltage now Tap now Used SG volt mode 0: Auto dd.mm.yyyy Event Voltage at the Tap location Target Setting hh:mm:ss.mss name moment of event value voltage group 1...8 active Manual © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 325: Setting Group Selection

    If a static activation signal is given for two setting groups, the setting group with higher priority will be active. If setting groups are controlled by pulses, the setting group activated by pulse will stay active until another setting groups receives and activation signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 326 This setting has to be active before the setting group can be changed group change Disabled remotely or from a local HMI. This parameter overrides the local control of Enabled the setting groups and it remains on until the user disables it. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 327 The selection of Setting group 7 ("SG7"). Has the second lowest priority input in setting group control. group Can be controlled with pulses or static signals. If static signal control is applied, only SG8 requests will not be processed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 328 The status of the Petersen coil controls whether Setting group 1 is active. If the coil is disconnected, Setting group 2 is active. This way, if the wire is broken for some reason, the setting group is always controlled to SG2. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 329 4 Functions A A Q Q -T257 -T257 4.5 Control functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.3 - 148. Setting group control – two-wire connection from Petersen coil status. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 330 The application-controlled setting group change can also be applied entirely from the relay's internal logics. For example, the setting group change can be based on the cold load pick-up function (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 331 The function does not have a register. Table. 4.5.3 - 230. Event messages. Event block name Event names SG2 Enabled SG2 Disabled SG3 Enabled SG3 Disabled SG4 Enabled SG4 Disabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 332 Remote Change SG Request ON Remote Change SG Request OFF Local Change SG Request ON Local Change SG Request OFF Force Change SG ON Force Change SG OFF SG Request Fail Not configured SG ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 333: Object Control And Monitoring

    Manual remote control can be done through one of the various communication protocols available (Modbus, IEC101/103/104 etc.). The function supports the modes "Direct control" and "Select before execute" while controlled remotely. Automatic controlling can be done with functions like auto-reclosing function (ANSI 79). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 334 The following parameters help the user to define the object. The operation of the function varies based on these settings and the selected object type. The selected object type determines how much control is needed and which setting parameters are required to meet those needs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 335 Displays the status of breaker. Intermediate is displayed when 1: Open Breaker neither of the status signals (open or close) are active. Bad status 2: Closed status is displayed when both status signals (open and close) are active. 3: Bad © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 336 Displays the number of failed "Close" requests. 0…2 –1 failed Clear 0: - Clears the request statistics, setting them back to zero (0). 0: - statistics 1: Clear Automatically returns to "-" after the clearing is finished. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 337 Objectx Open command The physical "Open" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Open relay. Command") OUT1…OUTx Objectx Close command The physical "Close" command pulse to the device's output ("Objectx Close relay. Command") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 338 The remote Open command from a physical digital Open control input input (e.g. RTU). Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Close logical signal. Objectx Application The Close command from the application. Can be any Open logical signal. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 339 Figure. 4.5.4 - 152. Example of an interlock application. In order for the blocking signal to be received on time, it has to reach the function 5 ms before the control command. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 340 RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current Condition monitoring parameters can be found from Control → Objects → Object X → APP CONTR → Condition Monitoring . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 341 Condition Alarm 2 Enable Enables Alarm 2. 1: Enabled Disabled Condition Alarm 2 when When the amount of operations left is less than value 0...200 000 operations less than set here, Alarm 2 will activate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 342 Close Command On OBJ1...OBJ10 Close Command Off OBJ1...OBJ10 Open Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ10 Open Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ10 Close Blocked On OBJ1...OBJ10 Close Blocked Off OBJ1...OBJ10 Object Ready OBJ1...OBJ10 Object Not Ready OBJ1...OBJ10 Sync Ok OBJ1...OBJ10 Sync Not Ok © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 343 The cause of an "Open" command's failure. Close fail The cause of a "Close" command's failure. Open command The source of an "Open" command. Close command The source of an "Open" command. General status The general status of the function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 344: Indicator Object Monitoring

    Close input A link to a physical digital input. The monitored indicator's signal selected by the user ("Ind.X CLOSE status. "1" refers to the active "Close" state of the monitored Close indicator. (SWx) Status In") © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 345: Switch-On-To-Fault (Sotf)

    The outputs of the function are BLOCKED, ACTIVE and TRIP signals. Additionally, the function outputs the corresponding events and registers when any of these mentioned signals activate. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the switch-on-to-fault function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 346 Set mode of SOF block. 2: Blocked SOTF LN 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode 4: Test/Blocked mode is enabled in General menu. 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 347 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.5.6 - 246. Event messages. Event block name Event names SOF1 SOTF Init ON SOF1 SOTF Init OFF SOF1 SOTF Block ON SOF1 SOTF Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 348: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    (UL12, UL23 or UL31). • SYN3 – Supervises the synchronization condition between the channels U3 and U4. The seven images below present three different example connections and four example applications of the synchrocheck function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 349 Figure. 4.5.7 - 155. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (3LN+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL1 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.7 - 156. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U0+U4 mode, SYN1 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 350 Figure. 4.5.7 - 157. Example connection of the synchrocheck function (2LL+U3+U4 mode, SYN3 in use, UL12 as reference voltage). Figure. 4.5.7 - 158. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 3LL and 3LN VT connections). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 351 4 Functions A A Q Q -T257 -T257 4.5 Control functions Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.7 - 159. Example application (synchrocheck over one breaker, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 352 A A Q Q -T257 -T257 4 Functions Instruction manual 4.5 Control functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.7 - 160. Example application (synchrocheck over two breakers, with 2LL VT connection). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 353 "live" or a "dead" state. The parameter SYNx U conditions is used to determine the conditions (in addition to the three aspects) which are required for the systems to be considered synchronized. The image below shows the different states the systems can be in. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 354 4.5 Control functions Version: 2.09 Figure. 4.5.7 - 162. System states. The following figures present simplified function block diagrams of the synchrocheck function. Figure. 4.5.7 - 163. Simplified function block diagram of the SYN1 and SYN2 function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 355 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 356 If the blocking signal is active when the SYN OK activates, a BLOCKED signal is generated and the function does not process the situation further. If the SYN OK function has been activated before the blocking signal, it resets. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 357 - 3LN+U4(SS) SYN1 V 0: Not 3: UL31 - 2LL+U3(U0)+U4(SS) Reference in use 4: UL1 - 2LL+U3(SS)+U4(U0) 5: UL2 Reference options 0...3 available: 6: UL3 - 3LL+U4(SS) - 2LL+U3(Not in use)+U4(SS) - 2LL+U3(SS)+U4(Not in use) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 358 4: LL & DL 0: LL conditions 5: LL & DD only L = Live 6: LL & LD & DL D = Dead 7: LL & LD & DD 8: LL & DL & DD 9: Bypass © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 359 SYN1 Volt diff out of setting SYN1 SYN1 Angle diff Ok SYN1 SYN1 Angle diff out of setting SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff Ok SYN1 SYN1 Frequency diff out of setting SYN1 SYN2 Blocked ON SYN1 SYN2 Blocked OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 360 SYN3 Angle diff out of setting SYN1 SYN3 Frequency diff Ok SYN1 SYN3 Frequency diff out of setting SYN1 SYN1 Switch ON SYN1 SYN1 Switch OFF SYN1 SYN2 Switch ON SYN1 SYN2 Switch OFF SYN1 SYN3 Switch ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 361: Milliampere Output Control

    • good for travelling long distances, as current does not degrade over long connections like voltage does • less sensitive to background electrical noise • detects a fault in the system incredibly easily since 4 mA is equal to 0 % output. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 362 The second input point in the mA output 0.001 …10 value 2 control curve. Scaled The mA output value when the measured value mA output 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA 0mA is equal to or greater than Input value 2. value 2 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 363 Displays the input value of the selected mA 0.001 …10 Magnitude now output channel at that moment. mA Out Channel Displays the output value of the selected mA 0.0000…24.0000mA 0.0001mA Outputs now output channel at that moment. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 364: Vector Jump (Δφ; 78)

    ALARM and TRIP events simultaneously with an equivalent time stamp. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the ALARM, TRIP and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the vector jump function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 365 The selection of the used AI channel is made with a setting parameter. In all possible input channel variations the pre-fault condition is presented with a 20 ms averaged history value from -20 ms from ALARM or TRIP event. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 366 Figure. 4.5.9 - 168. Vector jump from the relay's point of view. The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 367 The pick-up activation of the function is not directly equal to the START or TRIP signal generation of the function. The START signal is allowed if the blocking condition is not active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 368 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 369: Programmable Control Switch

    (see the image below). The switch cannot be controlled by an auxiliary input, such as digital inputs or logic signals; it can only be controlled locally (mimic) or remotely (RTU). Settings. These settings can be accessed at Control → Device I/O → Programmable control switch . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 370: User Buttons

    LED at the top left corner of the button. The LED can be configured to activate red, orange or green color from button status or any other logical binary signal. General user button settings can be set at Control → Device IO → User-button Settings . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 371: Analog Input Scaling Curves

    1: Yes signal. filtering Curve 1...4 Time constant for input signal filtering. input signal 0.005...3800.000 0.005 s This parameter is visible when "Curve 1...4 input filter time signal filtering" has been set to "Yes". constant © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 372 Floating point 1: Integer Scaled value Floating Rounds the milliampere signal output as selected. (Floor) handling point 2: Integer (Ceiling) 3: Integer (Nearest) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 373: Logical Outputs

    5 ("OUT5") when the circuit breaker's cart status is "In". Figure. 4.5.13 - 169. Logic output example. Logical output is connected to an output relay in matrix. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 374: Logical Inputs

    Figure. 4.5.14 - 170. Operation of logical input in "Hold" and "Pulse" modes. A logical input pulse can also be extended by connecting a DELAY-low gate to a logical output, as has been done in the example figure below. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 375 NOTICE! TICE! After editing user descriptions the event history will start to use the new description only after resetting the HMI. HMI can be reset from General → Device info → LCD restart . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 376: Monitoring Functions

    • At least one of the three-phase currents are below the I low limit setting. • The ratio between the calculated minum and maximum of the three-phase currents is below the ratio setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 377 The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the CTS ALARM and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the current transformer supervision function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 378 Table. 4.6.1 - 270. Measured inputs of the CTS function. Signal Description Time base IL1RMS RMS measurement of phase L1 (A) current IL2RMS RMS measurement of phase L2 (B) current IL3RMS RMS measurement of phase L3 (C) current © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 379 0: Add Defines the polarity of residual current channel connection. Subtract 0: - Compensate natural When activated while the line is energized, the currently present 0: - unbalance calculated residual current is compensated to 0. Comp © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 380 The relay's Info page displays useful, real-time information on the state of the protection function. It is accessed either through the relay's HMI display, or through the setting tool software when it is connected to the relay and its Live Edit mode is active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 381 "General properties of a protection function" and its section "Operating time characteristics for trip and reset". Typical cases of current transformer supervision The following nine examples present some typical cases of the current transformer supervision and their setting effects. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 382 Figure. 4.6.1 - 175. Secondary circuit fault in phase L1 wiring. When a fault is detected and all conditions are met, the CTS timer starts counting. If the situation continues until the set time has passed, the function issues an alarm. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 383 If any of the phases exceed the I high limit setting, the operation of the function is not activated. This behavior is applied to short-circuits and earth faults even when the fault current exceeds the I high limit setting. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 384 Figure. 4.6.1 - 179. Normal situation, residual current also measured. When the residual condition is added with the "I0 input selection", the sum of the current and the residual current are compared against each other to verify the wiring condition. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 385 Figure. 4.6.1 - 181. Broken primary phase current wiring. In this example, all other condition are met except the residual difference. That is now 0 × I , which indicates a primary side fault. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 386 Table. 4.6.1 - 274. Event messages. Event block name Event names CTS1 Alarm ON CTS1 Alarm OFF CTS1 Block ON CTS1 Block OFF CTS2 Alarm ON CTS2 Alarm OFF CTS2 Block ON CTS2 Block OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 387: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    ON/OFF events to the common event buffer from each of the output signals. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM BUS, ALARM LINE and BLOCKED events. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 388 Figure. 4.6.2 - 184. Simplified function block diagram of the VTS function. Measured input The function block uses analog voltage measurement values. Function uses the RMS value of the voltage measurement inputs and the calculated (positive, negative and zero) sequence currents. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 389 Set mode of VTS block. Blocked VTS LN 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is mode 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 390 The voltage transformer supervision can also report several different states of the measured voltage. These can be seen in the function's INFO menu. Name Description Bus dead No voltages. Bus Live VTS Ok All of the voltages are within the set limits. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 391 If the blocking signal is not activated when the pick-up element activates, a START signal is generated and the function proceeds to the time characteristics calculation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 392 The function registers its operation into the last twelve (12) time-stamped registers. The register of the function records the ON event process data for ACTIVATED, BLOCKED, etc. The table below presents the structure of the function's register content. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 393: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    The "Trip contact" setting defines the output that triggers the current monitoring at the breaker's "Open" command. The inputs for the function are the following: • setting parameters • binary output signals • measured and pre-processed current magnitudes. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 394 Set mode of CBW block. Blocked CBW LN 3: Test 1: On This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is mode 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 395 Defines the pick-up threshold for remaining operations. When the number Alarm 0…200 1 000 of remaining operations is below this setting, the ALARM 1 signal is 1 Set activated. Alarm Disabled Enable and disable the Alarm 2 stage. Disabled Enabled © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 396 Now, we set the stage as follows: Parameter Setting Current 1 0.80 kA Operation 1 30 000 operations © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 397 Alarm 1 operation counter. counter Alarm 2 Alarm 2 operation counter. counter L1 Operations Operations left for phase L1. left L2 Operations Operations left for phase L2. left L3 Operations Operations left for phase L3. left © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 398: Current Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    The user can also set the alarming limits for each measured channel if the application so requires. The monitoring of the measured signals can be selected to be based either on an amplitude ratio or on the above-mentioned power ratio. The difference is in the calculation formula (as shown below): © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 399 The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. The function also provides a resettable cumulative counter for the START, ALARM and BLOCKED events. The following figure presents a simplified function block diagram of the total harmonic distortion monitor function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 400 The selection of the calculation method is made with a setting parameter (common for all measurement channels). General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 401 The pick-up setting for the THD alarm element from the residual 0.10…100.00% 0.01% 10.00% current I02. The measured THD value has to exceed this setting pick-up in order for the alarm signal to activate. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 402 Defines the delay for the alarm timer from the phase 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s alarm delay currents' measured THD. I01 THD alarm Defines the delay for the alarm timer from the residual 0.000…1800.000s 0.005s 10.000s delay current I01's measured THD. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 403 Table. 4.6.4 - 295. Register content. Date and time Event L1h, L2h, L3h Fault THD Used SG dd.mm.yyyy hh:mm:ss.mss Event name Start/Alarm THD of each phase. Setting group 1...8 active. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 404: Voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (Thd)

    • threshold comparator • block signal chec • time delay characteristics • output processing. The inputs of the function are the following: • setting parameters • digital inputs and logic signals • measured and pre-processed voltage magnitudes © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 405 The selection of the calculation method is made with a setting parameter (common for all measurement channels). General settings The following general settings define the general behavior of the function. These settings are static i.e. it is not possible to change them by editing the setting group. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 406 2: Blocked Displays the mode of THDV block. THDV> LN 3: Test This parameter is visible only when Allow setting of individual LN mode is behaviour 4: Test/ enabled in General menu. Blocked 5: Off © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 407 The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. Table. 4.6.5 - 301. Event messages. Event block name Event names THDV1 Voltage THD Start ON THDV1 Voltage THD Start OFF THDV1 Voltage THD Alarm ON © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 408: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    The "Trig fault locator" input defines which signal triggers the fault locator. This can be any binary signal generated by the unit. Typically, a TRIP signal of a protection function or the "Open" status of the breaker is used as the triggering input. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 409 The variables the user can set are binary signals from the system. The blocking signal needs to reach the device minimum of 5 ms before the set operating delay has passed in order for the blocking to activate in time. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 410: Disturbance Recorder (Dr)

    Playback of files might help to analyze the fault, or can be simply used for educational purposes. Analog and digital recording channels Up to 20 analog recording channels and 95 digital channels are supported. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 411 Phase current I (CT card 3) IL1''' Phase current I (CT card 3) IL2''' IL3''' Phase current I (CT card 3) Residual current I coarse* (CT card 3) I01'''c I01'''f Residual current I fine* (CT card 3) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 412 Residual current angle Residual current TRMS I0x (I01, Res.curr.angle I0x Res.curr.I0x TRMS I0x (I01, I02) I02) Residual current I0x Secondary residual current TRMS Res.curr.I0x Res.curr.I0x TRMS Sec (I01, I02) I0x (I01, I02) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 413 Secondary positive/ Pos./Neg./Zero Magnitude of the system voltage negative/zero System volt U0 mag(%) seq.Volt.sec U0 in percentages sequence voltage Ux angle (U1, U2, U3, Ux Angle System volt U0 ang Angle of the system voltage U0 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 414 (P) power POW1 3PH Active Three-phase active Sampl.f. used Used sample frequency power (P MW) power in megawatts POW1 3PH Three-phase reactive Tracked frequency (channels A, B, Reactive power Tr f CH x power © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 415 "Always false" is always "0". Always PushButton Always True/False true is always "1". x Off Forced SG in Stage forcing in use OUTx Output contact statuses SGx Active Setting group 1...8 active GOOSE INx GOOSE input 1...64 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 416 (10th) recording will be cleared from memory. Manual 0: - Triggers disturbance recording manually. This parameter 0: - trigger 1: Trig will return back to "-" automatically. Clear all 0: - 0: - Clears all disturbance recordings. records 1: Clear © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 417 Sets the recording length before the trigger. time 0…8 freely Selects the analog channel for recording. Please see Analog recording selectable the list of all available analog channels in the section CH1...CH20 channels titled "Analog and digital recording channels". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 418 = the number of digital channels recorded. For example, let us say the nominal frequency is 50 Hz, the selected sample rate is 64 s/c, nine (9) analog channels and two (2) digital channels record. The calculation is as follows: © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 419 The recorder is configured by using the setting tool software or relay HMI, and the results are analyzed with the AQviewer software (is automatically downloaded and installed with AQtivate). Registered users can download the latest tools from the Arcteq website (arcteq.fi./downloads/).
  • Page 420 → DR path . The user can also launch the AQviewer software from the Disturbance recorder menu. AQviewer software instructions can be found in AQtivate 200 Instruction manual (arcteq.fi./downloads/). Events The disturbance recorder function (abbreviated "DR" in event block names) generates events and registers from the status changes of the function: the recorder generates an event each time it is triggered (manually or by dedicated signals).

  • Page 421: Event Logger

    The event blocking is released and the IRF can be cleared after 5 seconds if the overload condition has been corrected. Other device operations, such as protection and communication, remain available even during the event overload condition. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 422: Measurement Recorder

    The setting tool estimates the maximum recording time, which depends on the recording interval. When the measurement recorder is running, the measurements can be viewed in graph form with the AQtivate PRO software (see the image below). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 423 V V olta oltage mea ge measur surements ements L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Res.Curr.I01 TRMS Pri U1Volt Pri L2 Imp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Res.Curr.I02 TRMS Pri U2Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.Mvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL1 U3Volt Pri L2 Exp/Imp React.Cap.E.bal.kvarh Sec.Pha.Curr.IL2 U4Volt Pri L2 Exp.React.Ind.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 424 Neg.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Pha.L3 ampl. THD Zero.Seq.Volt. p.u. Exp/Imp Act. E balance kWh Pha.L1 pow. THD U1Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh Pha.L2 pow. THD U2Volt Angle Exp.React.Cap.E.kvarh Pha.L3 pow. THD U3Volt Angle Imp.React.Cap.E.Mvarh © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 425 S2 Measurement I” Pri.Neg.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL31 ang S3 Measurement I” Pri.Zero.Seq.Curr. System Volt UL1 ang S4 Measurement Res.Curr.I”01 TRMS Pri System Volt UL2 ang S5 Measurement Res.Curr.I”02 TRMS Pri System Volt UL3 ang S6 Measurement © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 426 L1 Exp.Active Energy kWh Curve1 Input Pha.IL”2 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy MWh Curve1 Output Pha.IL”3 ampl. THD L1 Imp.Active Energy kWh Curve2 Input Pha.IL”1 pow. THD L1 Exp/Imp Act. E balance MWh Curve2 Output © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 427: Measurement Value Recorder

    The user can set up to eight (8) magnitudes to be recorded when the function is triggered. An overcurrent fault type, a voltage fault type, and a tripped stage can be recorded and reported straight to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 428 The tan (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. tanfiL3 cosfi3PH, cosfiL1, cosfiL2, The cos (φ) of three-phase powers and phase powers. cosfiL3 Impedances and admit Impedances and admittances tances Descrip Description tion © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 429 Reported values When triggered, the function holds the recorded values of up to eight channels, as set. In addition to this tripped stage, the overcurrent fault type and the voltage fault types are reported to SCADA. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 430 45: U0> Trip 46: U0>> Trip 47: U0>>> Trip 48: U0>>>> Trip 0: - 1: A-G 2: B-G Overcurrent fault 3: A-B The overcurrent fault type. type 4: C-G 5: A-C 6: B-C 7: A-B-C © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 431 The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. Table. 4.6.10 - 318. Event messages. Event block name Event name VREC1 Recorder triggered ON VREC1 Recorder triggered OFF © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 432: Communica A Tion

    Ethernet and the Virtual Ethernet. Table. 5.1 - 320. Virtual Ethernet settings. Name Description Enable virtual adapter (No / Yes) Enable virtual adapter. Off by default. IP address Set IP address of the virtual adapter. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 433 Paritybits used by serial fiber channels. 2: Odd Stopbits 1...2 Stopbits used by serial fiber channels. 0: None 1: ModbutRTU 2: ModbusIO Protocol 3: IEC103 Communication protocol used by serial fiber channels. 4: SPA 5: DNP3 6: IEC101 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 434: Time Synchronization

    Commands → Sync Time command or in the clock view from the HMI. When using Sync time command AQtivate sets the time to device the connected computer is currently using. Please note that the clock doesn't run when the device is powered off. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 435: Ntp

    Grandmaster available. In these situations the devices make a selection which device will act as the clock source. In these cases without GPS synchronized clock source, the accuracy between the devices is still high. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 436: Communication Protocols

    Communication → Protocols → IEC61850 . AQ-21x frame units support Edition 1 of IEC 61850. AQ-25x frame units support both Edition 1 and 2 of IEC 61850. The following services are supported by IEC 61850 in Arcteq devices: © Arcteq Relays Ltd...
  • Page 437 Communication → IEC 61850 → GOOSE subscriptions . Determines the general data reporting deadband General deadband 0.1…10.0 % settings. 0.1…1000.0 Determines the data reporting deadband settings Active energy deadband 2 kWh for this measurement. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 438: Logical Device Mode And Logical Node Mode

    • LNBeh can be reported through Beh data object in all logical nodes. • LDMod is only visible through logical node zero's Mod data object (LLN0.Mod). Mode and behavior values There are 5 values defined for mode and behavior: On, Blocked, Test, Test / Blocked and Off. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 439 Table. 5.3.1.1 - 331. All possible logical device and logical node combinations. LDMod LNMod LNBeh Test / Blocked Test Blocked Test / Blocked Test / Blocked Test / Blocked Test Test / Blocked Blocked Test / Blocked Test / Blocked © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 440 Processed as Processed as Processed as Processed as Questionable questionable questionable questionable questionable processed q.test = False q.validity = Good Processed as Processed as Processed as Processed as invalid invalid valid valid processed q.test = True © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 441 “Processed as questionable” and “Processed as invalid” in the same way with “Not processed”. Only "Processed as valid" is passed to the application. Table. 5.3.1.1 - 333. Arcteq's implementation of processing of incoming data in different behaviors. Blocked...

  • Page 442: Goose

    5: Off 5.3.1.2 GOOSE Arcteq relays support both GOOSE publisher and GOOSE subscriber. GOOSE subscriber is enabled with the "GOOSE subscriber enable" parameter at Communication → Protocols → IEC 61850/ GOOSE. The GOOSE inputs are configured using either the local HMI or the AQtivate software.
  • Page 443 For other publishers, non-simulated frames are accepted normally (given no simulated frame is received from that publisher). This behavior ends when the setting is set back to No. GOOSE input settings The table below presents the different settings available for all 64 GOOSE inputs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 444 Table. 5.3.1.2 - 340. GOOSE input user description. Name Range Default Description User editable 1...31 GOOSE Description of the GOOSE input. This description is used in several description GI x characters IN x menu types for easier identification. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 445 GOOSE signals generate events from status changes. The user can select which event messages are stored in the main event buffer: ON, OFF, or both. The events triggered by the function are recorded with a time stamp and with process data values. The time stamp resolution is 1 ms. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 446: Modbus/Tcp And Modbus/Rtu

    1. Some masters might begin numbering holding register from 0 instead of 1; this will cause an offset of 1 between the relay and the master. Modbus map can be edited with Modbus Configurator ( Tools → Communication → Modbus Configurator ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 447: Iec 103

    TE: Once the configuration file has been loaded, the IEC 103 map of the relay can be found in the AQtivate software ( Tools → IEC 103 map ). The following table presents the setting parameters for the IEC 103 protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 448: Iec 101/104

    Table. 5.3.4 - 346. IEC 104 settings. Name Range Step Default Description IEC 104 Disabled Enables and disables the IEC 104 communication protocol. enable Disabled Enabled 0…65 IP port 2404 Defines the IP port used by the protocol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 449 4: 1/10 000 Power factor 5: 1/100 000 6: 1/1 000 000 Frequency 7: 10 8: 100 9: 1000 Current 10: 10 000 11: 100 000 Residual current 12: 1 000 000 Voltage Residual voltage Angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 450: Spa

    The full SPA signal map can be found in AQtivate ( Tools → SPA map ). The SPA event addresses can be found at Tools → Events and logs → Event list . © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 451: Dnp3

    Defines the address for the allowed master. address Link layer 0…60 Defines the length of the time-out for the link layer. time-out 000ms Link layer 1…20 Defines the number of retries for the link layer. retries © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 452 4: Var 5 0: Var 1 1: Var 2 2: Var 3 Group 32 variation (AI change) 4: Var 5 Selects the variation of the analog signal change. 3: Var 4 4: Var 5 5: Var 7 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 453: Modbus I/O

    Range Description I/O module Defines the Modbus unit address for the selected I/O Module (A, B, or C). If 0…247 X address this setting is set to "0", the selected module is not in use. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 454: Analog Fault Registers

    TRIP signal, its START trigger signal signal, or either one. START and TRIP signals Recorded - 1000 000.00…1 000 Displays the recorded measurement value at the fault 0.01 - 000.00 time of the selected fault register trigger. value © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 455: Real-Time Measurements To Communication

    UL12Ang, UL23Ang, UL31Ang, Angles of phase voltages, phase-to-phase voltages and residual voltages. U0Ang, U0CalcAng U1 Pos.seq V Ang, U2 Neg.seq V Positive and negative sequence angles. Powers S3PH P3PH Three-phase apparent, active and reactive power. Q3PH © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 456 M thermal T Motor thermal temperature. F thermal T Feeder thermal temperature. T thermal T Transformer thermal temperature. RTD meas 1…16 RTD measurement channels 1…16. Ext RTD meas 1…8 External RTD measurement channels 1…8 (ADAM module). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 457: Modbus Gateway

    -10 000 000.000…10 000 Magnitude X 0.001 - The unit depends on the selected 000.000 magnitude (either amperes, volts, or per- unit values). 5.6 Modbus Gateway Figure. 5.6 - 194. Example setup of Modbus Gateway application. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 458 Arc protection relays AQ-103 and AQ-103 LV Modbus variant is designed to work as a sub unit with Modbus Gateway master. More details about AQ-103 and AQ-103 LV capabilities and how to set them up can be found in AQ-103 Instruction manual (arcteq.fi./downloads/). Also see application example at the end of this chapter.
  • Page 459 RTU. AQ-103 Modbus variant is able to report various signals like number of installed sensors, sensor activations, I/O activations etc. Holding registers of each signal can be found in the AQ-103 instruction manual. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 460 Figure. 5.6 - 196. To report imported bit signals to SCADA the signals must be connected to a logical output. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 461 5 Communication A A Q Q -T257 -T257 5.6 Modbus Gateway Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 5.6 - 197. Example mimic where sensor activation location is indicated with a symbol. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 462: Connections And Applica A Tion Examples

    A A Q Q -T257 -T257 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual 6.1 Connections of AQ-T257 Version: 2.09 6 Connections and application examples 6.1 Connections of AQ-T257 Figure. 6.1 - 198. AQ-T257 variant without add-on modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 463 6 Connections and application examples A A Q Q -T257 -T257 6.1 Connections of AQ-T257 Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 6.1 - 199. AQ-T257 variant with digital input and output modules. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 464 A A Q Q -T257 -T257 6 Connections and application examples Instruction manual 6.1 Connections of AQ-T257 Version: 2.09 Figure. 6.1 - 200. AQ-T257 application example with function block diagram. AQ-T257 Device I/O Add-on 6 (IL) 4 voltage 1...3 9 slots...

  • Page 465: Application Example And Its Connections

    Trip circuit supervision is used to monitor the wiring from auxiliary power supply, through the device's digital output, and all the way to the open coil of the breaker. It is recommended to supervise the health of the trip circuit when breaker is closed. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 466 The image below presents the necessary settings when using a digital input for trip circuit supervision. The input's polarity must be NC (normally closed) and a one second delay is needed to avoid nuisance alarm while the circuit breaker is controlled open. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 467 There is one main difference between non-latched and latched control in trip circuit supervision: when using the latched control, the trip circuit (in an open state) cannot be monitored as the digital input is shorted by the device's trip output. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 468 Logical output can be used in the output matrix or in SCADA as the user wants. The image below presents a block scheme when a non-latched trip output is not used. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 469 6 Connections and application examples A A Q Q -T257 -T257 6.3 Trip circuit supervision (95) Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 6.3 - 206. Example block scheme. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 470: Construction And Installation Tion

    The images below present the modules of both the non-optioned model (AQ- X257-XXXXXXX-AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA) and the fully optioned model (AQ-X257-XXXXXXX-BBBCCCCC BBBCCCCCJ J ). Figure. 7.1 - 207. Modular construction of AQ-X257-XXXXXXX-AAAAAAAAA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 471 In field upgrades, therefore, add-on modules must be ordered from Arcteq Relays Ltd. or its representative who can then provide the module with its corresponding unlocking code to allow the device to operate correctly once the hardware configuration has been upgraded.
  • Page 472 If the code and the modules do not match, the device issues and alarm. An alarm is also issued if the device expects to find a module here but does not find one. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 473: Cpu Module

    Slots I…M in groups of five. Slot N has a double (LC) fiber Ethernet communication option card installed. These same principles apply to all non-standard configurations in the AQ-X257 devices. 7.2 CPU module Figure. 7.2 - 210. CPU module. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 474 "Auxiliary voltage" chapter in the "Technical data" section of this document. Digital input settings The settings described in the table below can be found at Control → Device I/O → Digital input settings in the relay settings. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 475 (T1…Tx), it takes an additional 5 ms round. Therefore, when a digital input controls a digital output internally, it takes 0…15 milliseconds in theory and 2…13 milliseconds in practice. NOTICE! TICE! The mechanical delay of the relay is no not t included in these approximations! © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 476: Current Measurement Module

    64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Current measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 477: Voltage Measurement Module

    64 samples/cycle when the system frequency ranges from 6 Hz to 75 Hz. For further details please refer to the "Voltage measurement" chapter in the “Technical data” section of this document. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 478: Option Cards

    1 V. All digital inputs are scannced in 5 ms program cycles, and their pick-up and release delays as well as their NO/NC selection can be set with software. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 479 (NC) defines whether or not the digital input is considered activated when the digital input channel is energized. The diagram below depicts the digital input states when the input channels are energized and de- energized. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 480 Control → Device IO → Digital inputs → Digital input voltages . Table. 7.5.1 - 366. Digital input channel voltage measurement. Name Range Step Description DIx Voltage now 0.000...275.000 V 0.001 V Voltage measurement of a digital input channel. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 481: Digital Output Module (Optional)

    For technical details please refer to the chapter titled "Digital output module" in the "Technical data" section of this document. Digital output descriptions Option card outputs can be given a description. The user defined description are displayed in most of the menus: • logic editor • matrix © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 482: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module (Optional)

    Figure. 7.5.3 - 216. Arc protection module. Table. 7.5.3 - 368. Module connections. Connector Description Light sensor channels 1…4 with positive ("+"), sensor ("S") and earth connectors. HSO2 (+, NO) Common battery positive terminal (+) for the HSOs. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 483 BI1, HSO1 and HSO2 are not visible in the Binary inputs and Binary outputs menus ( Control → Device I/O ), they can only be programmed in the arc matrix menu ( Protection → Arc protection → I/O → Direct output control and HSO control ). © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 484: Rtd Input Module (Optional)

    The RTD input module is an add-on module with eight (8) RTD input channels. Each input supports 2-wire, 3-wire and 4-wire RTD sensors. The sensor type can be selected with software for two groups, four channels each. The card supports Pt100 and Pt1000 sensors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 485: Serial Rs-232 Communication Module (Optional)

    Description • Serial-based communications • Wavelength 660 nm Serial fiber (GG/PP/ COM E • Compatible with 50/125 μm, 62.5/125 μm, 100/140 μm, and 200 μm GP/PG) Plastic-Clad Silica (PCS) fiber • Compatible with ST connectors © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 486 COM F – Clock sync GND Clock synchronization input Pin 12 The option card includes two serial communication interfaces: COM E is a serial fiber interface with glass/plastic option, COM F is an RS-232 interface. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 487: Lc Or Rj45 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    • Communication port D, 100 Mbps LC fiber connector. • RJ-45 connectors COM D: • 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode (glass). • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX • Wavelength 1300 nm. Both cards support both HSR and PRP protocols. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 488: Double St 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    For other redundancy options, please refer to the option card "LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module". The images below present two example configurations: the first displays a ring configuration (note how the third party devices are connected in a separate ring), while the second displays a multidrop configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 489 7 Construction and installation A A Q Q -T257 -T257 7.5 Option cards Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.5.7 - 222. Example of a ring configuration. Figure. 7.5.7 - 223. Example of a multidrop configuration. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 490: Double Rj45 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module (Optional)

    • Two Ethernet ports RJ-45 connectors • RJ-45 connectors • 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX This option card supports multidrop configurations. For other redundancy options, please refer to the option card "LC 100 Mbps Ethernet communication module". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 491: Milliampere (Ma) I/O Module (Optional)

    Pin 1 mA OUT 1 + connector (0…24 mA) Pin 2 mA OUT 1 – connector (0…24 mA) Pin 3 mA OUT 2 + connector (0…24 mA) Pin 4 mA OUT 2 – connector (0…24 mA) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 492: Dimensions And Installation

    (½) of the rack's width, meaning that a total of two devices can be installed to the same rack next to one another. The figures below describe the device dimensions (first figure), the device installation (second), and the panel cutout dimensions and device spacing (third). Figure. 7.6 - 227. Device dimensions. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 493 7 Construction and installation A A Q Q -T257 -T257 7.6 Dimensions and installation Instruction manual Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.6 - 228. Device installation. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 494 A A Q Q -T257 -T257 7 Construction and installation Instruction manual 7.6 Dimensions and installation Version: 2.09 Figure. 7.6 - 229. Panel cut-out and spacing of the devices. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 495: Technic Echnical Da Al Data Ta

    < ±0.2° (I> 0.1 A) Angle measurement inaccuracy < ±1.0° (I≤ 0.1 A) Burden (50/60 Hz) <0.1 VA Transient overreach <8 % Coarse residual current input (I01) Rated current I 1 A (configurable 0.1…10 A) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 496 4 mm Maximum wire diameter NOTICE! TICE! Current measurement accuracy has been verified with 50/60 Hz. The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 497: Voltage Measurement

    The amplitude difference is 0.2 % and the angle difference is 0.5 degrees higher at 16.67 Hz and other frequencies. 8.1.1.3 Voltage memory Table. 8.1.1.3 - 371. Technical data for the voltage memory function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 498: Power And Energy Measurement

    3 VA secondary Energy measurement Frequency range 6…75 Hz 0.5% down to 1A RMS (50/60Hz) as standard Energy and power metering 0.2% down to 1A RMS (50/60Hz) option available (see the order code for inaccuracy details) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 499: Frequency Measurement

    Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm Other Minimum recommended fuse rating MCB C2 Table. 8.1.2.1 - 376. Power supply model B Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 18…72 VDC < 20 W Power consumption < 40 W © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 500: Cpu Communication Ports

    Port media Copper Ethernet RJ-45 Number of ports Features IEC 61850 IEC 104 Modbus/TCP Port protocols DNP3 Telnet Data transfer rate 100 MB/s System integration Can be used for system protocols and for local programming © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 501: Cpu Digital Inputs

    Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire 2.5 mm Maximum wire diameter 8.1.2.4 CPU digital outputs Table. 8.1.2.4 - 381. Digital outputs (Normally Open) Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V (AC/DC) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 502 220 VDC 0.15 A Control rate 5 ms Settings Polarity Software settable: Normally Open / Normally Closed Terminal block connection Terminal block Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5/5-ST-5,08 Solid or stranded wire Maximum wire diameter 2.5 mm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 503: Option Cards

    Table. 8.1.3.2 - 384. Technical data for the digital output module. General information Spare part code #SP-250-DO5 Compatibility AQ-250 series models Rated values Rated auxiliary voltage 265 V (AC/DC) Continuous carry Make and carry 0.5 s 30 A Make and carry 3 s 15 A © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 504: Point Sensor Arc Protection Module

    Rated auxiliary voltage 250 VDC Continuous carry Make and carry 0.5 s 15 A Make and carry 3 s Breaking capacity, DC (L/R = 40 ms) 1 A/110 W Control rate 5 ms Operation delay <1 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 505: Milliampere Module (Ma Out & Ma In)

    AQ-200 series & AQ-250 series models Signals Output magnitudes 4 × mA output signal (DC) Input magnitudes 1 × mA input signal (DC) mA input Range (hardware) 0...33 mA Range (measurement) 0...24 mA Inaccuracy ±0.1 mA © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 506: Rtd Input Module

    PP Spare part code #SP-2XX-232PP PG Spare part code #SP-2XX-232PG GP Spare part code #SP-2XX-232GP GG Spare part code #SP-2XX-232GG Compatibility AQ-200 series & AQ-250 series models Ports RS-232 Serial fiber (GG/PP/GP/PG) Serial port wavelength 660 nm © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 507: Double Lc 100 Mbps Ethernet Communication Module

    IEC61850, DNP/TCP, Modbus/TCP, IEC104 & FTP ST connectors Duplex ST connectors Connector type 62.5/125 μm or 50/125 μm multimode fiber 100BASE-FX Transmitter wavelength 1260…1360 nm (nominal: 1310 nm) Receiver wavelength 1100…1600 nm Maximum distance 2 km IRIG-B Connector © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 508: Display

    Inaccuracy: ±0.5 %I or ±15 mA (0.10…4.0 × I - Current harmonic blocking ±1.0 %-unit of the 2 harmonic setting Operation time Definite time function operating time setting 0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 509: Non-Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0>; 50N/51N)

    I Pick-up Measured residual current I01 (1 A) Used magnitude Measured residual current I02 (0.2 A) Calculated residual current I0Calc (5 A) Pick-up current setting 0.0001…40.00 × I , setting step 0.0001 × I © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 510: Directional Overcurrent Protection (Idir>; 67)

    Table. 8.2.1.3 - 396. Technical data for the directional overcurrent function. Input signals Current inputs Phase current inputs: I (A), I (B), I RMS phase currents Current input magnitudes TRMS phase currents Peak-to-peak phase currents Current input calculations Positive sequence current angle © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 511 <50 ms Not t e! e! • The minimum voltage for direction solving is 1.0 V secondary. During three-phase short-circuits the angle memory is active for 0.5 seconds in case the voltage drops below 1.0 V. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 512: Directional Earth Fault Protection (I0Dir>; 67N/32N)

    0…250.0000, step 0.0001 - B IDMT constant 0…5.0000, step 0.0001 - C IDMT constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: ±1.5 % or ±25 ms - IDMT operating time ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time Instant operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 513: Negative Sequence Overcurrent/ Phase Current Reversal/ Current Unbalance Protection (I2>; 46/46R/46L)

    0…5.0000, step 0.0001 - C IDMT Constant 0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: - IDMT operating time ±2.0 % or ±30 ms - IDMT minimum operating time ±20 ms Retardation time (overshoot) <5 ms Instant operation time © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 514: Harmonic Overcurrent Protection (Ih>; 50H/51H/68H)

    0…250.0000, step 0.0001 Inaccuracy: - IDMT operating time ±1.5 % or ±20 ms - IDMT minimum operating time ±20 ms Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): ratio >1.05 <50 ms Reset © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 515: Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (Cbfp; 50Bf/52Bf)

    0.050…1800.000 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: - Current criteria (I ratio 1.05→) ±1.0 % or ±55 ms - DO or DI only ±15 ms Reset Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 516: Overvoltage Protection (U>; 59)

    0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±45 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms 8.2.1.9 Undervoltage protection (U<; 27) Table. 8.2.1.9 - 402. Technical data for the undervoltage function. Measurement inputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 517 LV block is disabled and the device has no voltage injection. • After the low voltage blocking condition, the undervoltage stage does not trip unless the voltage exceeds the pick-up setting first. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 518: Neutral Overvoltage Protection (U0>; 59N)

    ±1.0 % or ±50 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms 8.2.1.11 Sequence voltage protection (U1/U2>/<; 47/27P/59NP) Table. 8.2.1.11 - 404. Technical data for the sequence voltage function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs (+ U © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 519: Overfrequency And Underfrequency Protection (F>/<; 81O/81U)

    Table. 8.2.1.12 - 405. Technical data for the overfrequency and underfrequency function. Input signals Fixed Sampling mode Tracking Frequency reference 1 CT1IL1, CT2IL1, VT1U1, VT2U1 Frequency reference 2 CT1IL2, CT2IL2, VT1U2, VT2U2 Frequency reference 3 CT1IL3, CT2IL3, VT1U3, VT2U3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 520: Rate-Of-Change Of Frequency Protection (Df/Dt>/<; 81R)

    CT1IL1, CT2IL1, VT1U1, VT2U1 Frequency reference 2 CT1IL2, CT2IL2, VT1U2, VT2U2 Frequency reference 3 CT1IL3, CT2IL3, VT1U3, VT2U3 Pick-up df/dt >/< pick-up setting 0.15…1.00 Hz/s, setting step 0.01 Hz f> limit 10.00…70.00 Hz, setting step 0.01 Hz © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 521: Transformer Thermal Overload Protection (Tt>; 49T)

    , step 0.01 × I Service factor (maximum overloading) - Ambient temperature (Set –60.0…500.0 deg, step 0.1 deg, and RTD) Thermal model biasing - Negative sequence current Thermal replica temperature estimates Selectable between ºC and ºF Outputs © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 522: Power Protection (P, Q, S>/<; 32)

    Instant operation time Start time and instant operation time (trip): <40 ms - PQS /PQS ratio 1.05→ Reset 97 or 103 %P Reset ratio Instant reset time and start-up <40 ms reset Not t e! e! © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 523: Volts-Per-Hertz Overexcitation Protection (V/Hz>; 24)

    ±1.0 % or ±25 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <40 ms Not t e! e! • Mea Measur surement ement: Volts-per-hertz protection checks the highest line-to-line voltage. The used sampling mode for frequency must be "Tracking". © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 524: Transformer Status Monitoring

    Alarm setting range 101.00…2000.00 deg, setting step 0.1 deg (either < or > setting) Inaccuracy ±3 % of the set pick-up value Reset ratio 97 % of the pick-up setting Operation Operating time Typically <500 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 525: Generator/Transformer Differential Protection (Idb>/Idi>/I0Dhv>/I0Dlv>; 87T/87N/87G)

    Not t e! e! • The harmonic current is set and calculated according to the highest amplitude of side 1, 2 or 3 currents (Ih%/I ). The harmonic current is calculated individually for each phase. SIDE1/2/3 © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 526: Arc Fault Protection (Iarc>/I0Arc>; 50Arc/50Narc) (Optional)

    - Regular relay outputs Reset Reset ratio for current 97 % of the pick-up setting Reset time <35 ms Not t e! e! • The maximum length of the arc sensor cable is 200 meters. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 527: Control Functions

    95/105 % of the pick-up voltage setting - Current 97 % of the pick-up current setting Reset time setting 0.010…10.000 s, step 0.005 s Inaccuracy: Reset time ±1.0 % or ±35 ms Instant reset time and start-up reset <50 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 528: Setting Group Selection

    0.02…500.00 s, setting step 0.02 s Inaccuracy: - Definite time operating time ±0.5 % or ±10 ms Breaker control operation time External object control time <75 ms Object control during auto-reclosing See the technical sheet for the auto-reclosing function. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 529: Indicator Object Monitoring

    Table. 8.2.2.6 - 419. Technical data for the vector jump protection function. Measurement inputs Voltage inputs Any or all system line-to-line voltage(s) Any or all system line-to-neutral voltage(s) Monitored voltages Specifically chosen line-to-line or line-to-neutral voltage U4 channel voltage Pick-up © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 530: Synchrocheck (Δv/Δa/Δf; 25)

    Reset Reset ratio: - Voltage 99 % of the pick-up voltage setting - Frequency 20 mHz - Angle ±2.0° Activation time Activation (to LD/DL/DD) <35 ms Activation (to Live Live) <60 ms Reset <40 ms © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 531: Monitoring Functions

    0.00…1800.00 s, setting step 0.005 s Inaccuracy_ - Definite time (I ratio > 1.05) ±2.0 % or ±80 ms Instant operation time (alarm): ratio > 1.05 <80 ms (<50 ms in differential protection relays) Reset © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 532: Voltage Transformer Supervision (60)

    <50 ms VTS MCB trip bus/line (external input) <50 ms Not t e! e! • When turning on the auxiliary power of a device, the normal condition of a stage has to be fulfilled before tripping. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 533: Circuit Breaker Wear Monitoring

    - Instant operating time, when I ratio > 3 Typically <20ms - Instant operating time, when I ratio Typically <25 ms 1.05 < I < 3 Reset Reset time Typically <10 ms Reset ratio 97 % © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 534: Fault Locator (21Fl)

    Freely selectable analog and binary signals channels 5 ms sample rate (FFT) Performance Sample rate 8, 16, 32 or 64 samples/cycle 0.000…1800.000 s, setting step 0.001 s Recording length The maximum length is determined by the chosen signals. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 535: Event Logger

    = 150 kHz…80 MHz, 10 V (RMS) EN 60255-26, IEC 61000-4-6 Table. 8.3 - 429. Voltage tests. Dielectric voltage test EN 60255-27, IEC 60255-5, EN 60255-1 2 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min Impulse voltage test © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 536 Table. 8.3 - 432. Environmental conditions. IP classes IP54 (front) Casing protection class IP21 (rear) Temperature ranges Ambient service temperature range –35…+70 °C Transport and storage temperature range –40…+70 °C Other Altitude <2000 m Overvoltage category Pollution degree © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 537 Height: 208 mm Dimensions Width: 257 mm (½ rack) Depth: 165 mm (no cards or connectors) Weight 1.5 kg With packaging (gross) Height: 250 mm Dimensions Width: 343 mm Depth: 256 mm Weight 2.0 kg © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 538: Ordering Inf Dering Informa Ormation Tion

    Accessories Order code der code Descrip Description tion Not t e e Manufact Manufactur urer er External 6-channel 2 or 3 wires RTD Input Requires an Advanced ADAM-4015-CE module, pre-configured external power module Co. Ltd. © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...
  • Page 539 Pressure and light point sensor unit (25,000 lux AQ-02B Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) Pressure and light point sensor unit (50,000 lux AQ-02C Max. cable length 200 m Arcteq Ltd. threshold) © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

  • Page 540: Arcteq Relays Ltd

    Arcteq Relays Ltd. Visiting and postal address Kvartsikatu 2 A 1 65300 Vaasa, Finland Contacts Phone: +358 10 3221 370 Website: arcteq.fi Technical support: support.arcteq.fi +358 10 3221 388 (EET 9:00 – 17.00) E-mail (sales): sales@arcteq.fi © Arcteq Relays Ltd IM00036...

Table of Contents